WO1995015611A1 - Electronic system for saving energy in three-phase asynchronous motors with variable loads - Google Patents

Electronic system for saving energy in three-phase asynchronous motors with variable loads Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995015611A1
WO1995015611A1 PCT/ES1994/000130 ES9400130W WO9515611A1 WO 1995015611 A1 WO1995015611 A1 WO 1995015611A1 ES 9400130 W ES9400130 W ES 9400130W WO 9515611 A1 WO9515611 A1 WO 9515611A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
load
module
motor
power
phase asynchronous
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES1994/000130
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan Lopez Fernandez
Original Assignee
Juan Lopez Fernandez
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Juan Lopez Fernandez filed Critical Juan Lopez Fernandez
Priority to AU11106/95A priority Critical patent/AU1110695A/en
Publication of WO1995015611A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995015611A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using supply voltage with constant frequency and variable amplitude

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic system intended to regulate the energy consumption in three-phase asynchronous motors according to the load they are subjected to.
  • the purpose of the system is to control and divide the power of three-phase asynchronous motors, so that they consume energy at all times in accordance with their performance and the load they are subjected to.
  • the motors corresponding to these machines are widely dimensioned to provide the maximum power required in the periods of maximum or full load, which supposes a waste of energy, since when these motors operate with reduced loads or in vacuum they continue consuming the active energy necessary for their vacuum losses and even the reactive energy of magnetization and dispersion.
  • the system that is recommended comes to solve the problems previously exposed, whose obvious purpose is to reduce the energy consumption of three-phase asynchronous motors when they work at intermediate, reduced or zero loads.
  • the system of the invention is based on three electronic modules, the first of which controls the intensity consumed at all times, the second performs the processing of the intensity that is being consumed and the third carries out a voltage variation in the motor itself, according to the data provided by the two previous modules.
  • the intensity control module aims to permanently know the motor's consumption from the starting current and the actual current absorbed, according to the load it is subjected to, transmitting these data, analogically, to the processor module, this being constituted, as its name indicates, by an microprocessor that receives and processes the data from the analog or intensity control module, sending the corresponding orders to the third module, called power, so that It orders the optimized fixed frequency operating voltage with which the motor must be powered.
  • this power module is to regulate the voltage by means of progressive or regressive variation, at a fixed frequency, according to the instructions or orders.
  • SUBSTITUTED SHEET received by the aforementioned control modules, supplying the motor's inductor coils according to these data, varying its magnetic power parameters.
  • the system will start the motor at a preset voltage in the power module, all in accordance with the inertia of the machine at no load or under-maximum load, in relation to the characteristics of the machine on which it is installed.
  • the power module will progressively increase the voltage at a fixed frequency, according to the analog data received from the control modules, until the motor power is matched with that required by the load, up to the total the nominal power of the motor itself at maximum voltage, equal to the supply network voltage.
  • the supply voltage will initiate a regression comparable to the motor discharge, until reaching the predetermined threshold in the power module, thus allowing to achieve magnetic induction domains in the motor with wide drive parameters and with This a rational energy consumption in relation to the load to which it is subjected.
  • SUBSTITUTED SHEET scheme of the electronic system object of the invention formed by the three modules, applied to the three phases of a three-phase asynchronous motor, which can have a star or delta connection.
  • the purpose of the system of the invention is for said motor (1) to consume energy at all times in accordance with its performance and the corresponding load.
  • the system includes three modules referenced with numbers (5), (6) and (7), in such a way that the first two are control modules while the third module is a power module.
  • the control module (5) is an analog current module and through the corresponding means (8) and (9) it will permanently measure the consumption of the motor (1) from the starting current and the actual current absorbed. , according to a load to which said motor (1) is subjected.

Abstract

The system provides for the electronic regulation of the parameters of the magnetic induction power in three-phase asynchronous electric motors through the progressive or regressive variation of the supply voltage, at a fixed frequency, in the inductor coils of this type of motors, according to the load to which they are subjected. The system comprises three units: two control units (5 and 6) and one power unit (7), the control unit (5) being intended to calculate constantly the current consumption of the motor (1) itself according to its load, while the unit (6) receives signals from the unit (5) and processes said signals and sends them to the power unit (7) which regulates the voltage by progressive or regressive variation, at fixed frequency, as a function of the orders given by the two units (5 and 6). The system is intended to reduce the power consumption when the three-phase asynchronous motors operate with the medium load, a reduced load or zero load; in other words the motor will consume at any time the energy necessary as a function of its efficiency and the load to which it is subjected.

Description

SISTEMA ELECTRÓNICO PARA ECONOMIZAR ENERGÍA EN MOTORES ASINCRONOS TRIFÁSICOS CON CARGAS VARIABLES ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR ECONOMIZING ENERGY IN THREE-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTORS WITH VARIABLE LOADS
D E S C R I P C I Ó ND E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La invención se refiere a un sistema electrónico destinado a regular el consumo de energía en motores asíncro- nos trifásicos de acuerdo con la carga a que son sometidos. Concretamente el sistema tiene por finalidad controlar y dividir la potencia de los motores asincronos trifásicos, a fin de que éstos consuman en cada momento la energía acorde con su rendimiento y con la carga a que son sometidos.The invention relates to an electronic system intended to regulate the energy consumption in three-phase asynchronous motors according to the load they are subjected to. Specifically, the purpose of the system is to control and divide the power of three-phase asynchronous motors, so that they consume energy at all times in accordance with their performance and the load they are subjected to.
ANTEDECENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En determinados tipos de trabajo con máquinas de funcionamiento a base de motores asincronos trifásicos, existe un período de funcionamiento donde la carga es plena. Sin embargo existen momentos en donde el motor trabaja con cargas intermedias e incluso nulas. Entre tales máquinas pueden citarse las de tipo herramientas, tales como tornos, fresadoras, grúas, etc.In certain types of work with operating machines based on three-phase asynchronous motors, there is a period of operation where the load is full. However, there are times when the motor works with intermediate and even zero loads. Such machines include tools, such as lathes, milling machines, cranes, etc.
En todo los casos los motores correspondientes a esas máquinas están ampliamente dimensionados para propor¬ cionar la máxima potencia requerida en los períodos de carga máxima o plena, lo cual supone un despilfarro de energía, puesto que cuando estos motores funcionan con cargas reduci¬ das o en vacío siguen consumiendo la energía activa necesaria para sus pérdidas de vacío e incluso la energía reactiva de magnetización y dispersión.In all cases, the motors corresponding to these machines are widely dimensioned to provide the maximum power required in the periods of maximum or full load, which supposes a waste of energy, since when these motors operate with reduced loads or in vacuum they continue consuming the active energy necessary for their vacuum losses and even the reactive energy of magnetization and dispersion.
No se conocen dispositivos o medios que regulen laThere are no known devices or means that regulate the
HOJA SUSTITUIDA potencia o tensión de alimentación del motor de acuerdo con la carga del momento.SUBSTITUTED SHEET motor power supply or voltage according to the current load.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El sistema que se preconiza viene a resolver la problemática anteriormente expuesta, cuya evidente finalidad es la disminuir el consumo energético de los motores asincro¬ nos trifásicos cuando éstos trabajan en cargas intermedias, reducidas o nulas.The system that is recommended comes to solve the problems previously exposed, whose obvious purpose is to reduce the energy consumption of three-phase asynchronous motors when they work at intermediate, reduced or zero loads.
Más concretamente el sistema de la invención está basado en tres módulos electrónicos el primero de los cuales realiza un control de la intensidad consumida en cada momento, el segundo efectúa el procesamiento de esa intensi¬ dad que se está consumiendo y el tercero lleva a cabo una variación de la tensión en el propio motor, de acuerdo con los datos proporcionados por los dos módulos anteriores.More specifically, the system of the invention is based on three electronic modules, the first of which controls the intensity consumed at all times, the second performs the processing of the intensity that is being consumed and the third carries out a voltage variation in the motor itself, according to the data provided by the two previous modules.
En tal sentido, el módulo de control de intensidad tiene por finalidad el conocer permanentemente el consumo del motor a partir de la corriente de iniciación y de la corrien¬ te real absorbida, según la carga a que es sometido, transmi¬ tiendo esos datos, vía analógica, al módulo procesador, estando éste constituido, como su propio nombre indica, por un icroprocesador que recibe y procesa los datos procedentes del módulo analógico o de control de intensidad, enviando las correspondientes órdenes al tercer módulo, denominado de potencia, para que éste ordene la tensión optimizada de funcionamiento a frecuencia fija con la que debe alimentar el motor.In this sense, the intensity control module aims to permanently know the motor's consumption from the starting current and the actual current absorbed, according to the load it is subjected to, transmitting these data, analogically, to the processor module, this being constituted, as its name indicates, by an microprocessor that receives and processes the data from the analog or intensity control module, sending the corresponding orders to the third module, called power, so that It orders the optimized fixed frequency operating voltage with which the motor must be powered.
Ese módulo de potencia tiene por finalidad el regular la tensión mediante variación progresiva o regresiva, a frecuencia fija, con arreglo a las consignas u órdenesThe purpose of this power module is to regulate the voltage by means of progressive or regressive variation, at a fixed frequency, according to the instructions or orders.
HOJA SUSTITUIDA recibidas por los módulos de control anteriormente referidos, alimentando según esos datos las bobinas inductoras del motor, variando los parámetros de potencia magnética del mismo.SUBSTITUTED SHEET received by the aforementioned control modules, supplying the motor's inductor coils according to these data, varying its magnetic power parameters.
De esta manera, el sistema iniciará el arranque del motor a una tensión prefijada en el módulo de potencia, todo ello de acuerdo con la inercia de la máquina en vacío o en carga por debajo de la máxima, en relación con las caracte- rísticas de la máquina en que se instale.In this way, the system will start the motor at a preset voltage in the power module, all in accordance with the inertia of the machine at no load or under-maximum load, in relation to the characteristics of the machine on which it is installed.
En caso de aumento de carga en el motor, el módulo de potencia aumentará progresivamente la tensión a frecuencia fija, según los datos analógicos recibidos de los módulos de control, hasta equiparar la potencia del motor con la requerida por la carga, hasta el total de la potencia nominal de el propio motor a tensión máxima, igual a la tensión de la red de alimentación.In the event of an increase in the motor load, the power module will progressively increase the voltage at a fixed frequency, according to the analog data received from the control modules, until the motor power is matched with that required by the load, up to the total the nominal power of the motor itself at maximum voltage, equal to the supply network voltage.
En caso de disminuir la carga, la tensión de alimentación iniciará una regresión equiparable a la descarga del motor, hasta conseguir el umbral prefijado en el módulo de potencia, permitiendo así conseguir unos dominios de inducción magnética en el motor de amplios parámetros de accionamiento y con ello un consumo de energía racional en relación con la carga a que es sometido.In case of decreasing the load, the supply voltage will initiate a regression comparable to the motor discharge, until reaching the predetermined threshold in the power module, thus allowing to achieve magnetic induction domains in the motor with wide drive parameters and with This a rational energy consumption in relation to the load to which it is subjected.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, de una hoja única de planos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo y en su única figura se ha representado unTo complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present descriptive memory is attached, as an integral part thereof, to a single sheet of plans where, by way of illustration and not limiting and its only figure has represented a
HOJA SUSTITUIDA esquema del sistema electrónico objeto de la invención formado por los tres módulos, aplicados sobre las tres fases de un motor asincrono trifásico, el cual puede tener una conexión en estrella o en triángulo.SUBSTITUTED SHEET scheme of the electronic system object of the invention formed by the three modules, applied to the three phases of a three-phase asynchronous motor, which can have a star or delta connection.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
A la vista de la referida figura, puede verse como un motor asincrono trifásico referenciado en general con el número (1) , cuya conexión puede ser en estrella (2) o en triángulo (3) , de acuerdo con la tensión del mismo, motor (1) que está alimentado a través de las correspondientes fases R, S, T, con el interruptor correspondiente (4) .In view of the aforementioned figure, it can be seen as a three-phase asynchronous motor generally referenced with number (1), whose connection can be star (2) or triangle (3), according to its voltage, motor (1) which is powered through the corresponding phases R, S, T, with the corresponding switch (4).
Pues bien, el sistema de la invención tiene por finalidad el que dicho motor (1) consuma en cada momento la energía acorde con su rendimiento y con la carga correspon¬ diente.Well, the purpose of the system of the invention is for said motor (1) to consume energy at all times in accordance with its performance and the corresponding load.
En tal sentido, el sistema incluye tres módulos referenciados con los números (5), (6) y (7), de tal manera que los dos primeros son módulos de control mientras que el tercer módulo es un módulo de potencia.In this sense, the system includes three modules referenced with numbers (5), (6) and (7), in such a way that the first two are control modules while the third module is a power module.
El módulo de control (5) es un módulo analógico de intensidad y a través de los correspondientes medios (8) y (9) medirá permanentemente el consumo del motor (1) a partir de la corriente de iniciación y de la corriente real absorbi¬ da, según una carga a que es sometido dicho motor (1) .The control module (5) is an analog current module and through the corresponding means (8) and (9) it will permanently measure the consumption of the motor (1) from the starting current and the actual current absorbed. , according to a load to which said motor (1) is subjected.
Esos datos de consumo de corriente obtenidos en el módulo analógico de intensidad (5) son enviados al módulo procesador (6) dotado igualmente de los medios adecuados (10) para procesar aquellos datos y proporcionar la tensión que se considere como más óptima de funcionamiento a frecuenciaThose data of current consumption obtained in the analog current module (5) are sent to the processor module (6) also equipped with the appropriate means (10) to process those data and provide the voltage that is considered as the most optimal operation to frequency
HOJA SUSTITUIDA fija, de manera que la señal procesada y procedente de ese módulo (6) , es enviada al módulo de potencia (7) que de acuerdo con las instrucciones recibidas por los módulos de control anteriormente referidos (5) y (6) , efectuará una regulación de la tensión ^or variación progresiva o regresiva a frecuencia fija, contando dicho módulo de potencia (7) con los medios de regulación (11) , para que a través de éstos alimentar con los datos correspondientes a las bobinas inductoras del motor (1).SUBSTITUTED SHEET fixed, so that the signal processed and coming from that module (6), is sent to the power module (7) that according to the instructions received by the aforementioned control modules (5) and (6), will perform a voltage regulation ^ or progressive or regressive variation at a fixed frequency, said power module (7) having the regulation means (11), so that through these they supply the data corresponding to the motor inductor coils (1 ).
Mediante este sistema, y una vez iniciado el arranque del motor a una tensión prefijada en el módulo de potencia (7) , si aumenta la carga en el motor (1) , ese módulo de potencia (7) aumentará progresivamente la tensión, a frecuencia fija, según los datos procedentes de los módulos de control (5) y (6) , hasta equiparar la propia potencia del motor a la requerida con la carga. En caso de disminuir la carga en el motor, la tensión de alimentación iniciará una regresión equiparable a la descarga del propio motor hasta el mismo umbral prefijado en el módulo de potencia (7) .By means of this system, and once the engine starts to a preset voltage in the power module (7), if the load on the motor (1) increases, that power module (7) will progressively increase the voltage, at frequency fixed, according to the data from the control modules (5) and (6), until the motor's own power is equaled to that required with the load. If the load on the motor decreases, the supply voltage will initiate a regression comparable to the discharge of the motor itself up to the same threshold set in the power module (7).
No se considera necesario hacer más extensa esta descripción para que cualquier experto en la materia compren¬ da el alcance de la invención y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan.It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived from it.
Los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de los elementos serán susceptibles de variación siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración en la esencialidad del invento.The materials, shape, size and arrangement of the elements will be subject to variation as long as this does not imply an alteration in the essential nature of the invention.
Los términos en que se ha redactado esta memoria deberán ser tomados siempre en sentido amplio y no limitati¬ vo.The terms in which this report has been drawn up must always be taken in a broad and non-limiting sense.
HOJA SUSTITUIDA SUBSTITUTED SHEET

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
Ia.- Sistema electrónico para economizar energía en motores asincronos trifásicos con cargas variables, que siendo aplicable en aquél tipo de máquinas-herramientas, tales como tornos, fresadoras, grúas, etc., accionadas por motores asincronos trifásicos susceptibles de trabajar en cargas plenas, intermedias o nulas, esencialmente se caracte¬ riza porque comprende tres módulos, dos de control y uno de potencia, capaces de regular electrónicamente los parámetros de la potencia magnética de inducción en el correspondiente motor (1) , constituyendo el módulo (5) un módulo de intensi¬ dad capacitado para calcular permanentemente, a partir de la corriente de iniciación en la corriente real absorbida por el propio motor (1) > la carga a que es sometido éste, mientras que el segundo módulo (6) , receptor de los datos enviados por el módulo analógico de intensidad (5) , incluye un microproce- sador que trata las señales recibidas del módulo de intensi¬ dad (5) , y las envía al módulo de potencia (7) , contando éste con medios reguladores de la tensión, por variación progresi¬ va o regresiva a frecuencia fija, con arreglo a las consignas recibidas de los módulos de control (5) y (6) , alimentando al motor (1) con una tensión acorde con los parámetros obtenidos por el módulo microprocesador (6) . I-.- Electronic system for saving energy in three - phase asynchronous motors with variable loads, which being applicable in that type of machine tools, such as lathes, milling machines, cranes, etc., driven by asynchronous motors capable of working phase full loads , intermediate or null, essentially characterized in that it comprises three modules, two of control and one of power, capable of electronically regulating the parameters of the magnetic induction power in the corresponding motor (1), the module (5) constituting a Intensity module capable of permanently calculating, from the initiation current in the actual current absorbed by the motor itself (1)> the load to which it is subjected, while the second module (6), receiver of the data sent by the analog intensity module (5), includes a microprocessor that treats the signals received from the intensity module (5), and the sends to the power module (7), counting this with voltage regulating means, by progressive or regressive variation at fixed frequency, according to the setpoints received from the control modules (5) and (6), feeding the motor (1) with a voltage according to the parameters obtained by the microprocessor module (6).
HOJA SUSTITUIDA SUBSTITUTED SHEET
PCT/ES1994/000130 1993-12-01 1994-12-01 Electronic system for saving energy in three-phase asynchronous motors with variable loads WO1995015611A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU11106/95A AU1110695A (en) 1993-12-01 1994-12-01 Electronic system for saving energy in three-phase asynchronous motors with variable loads

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES09302513A ES2077523B1 (en) 1993-12-01 1993-12-01 ELECTRONIC SYSTEM TO ECONOMIZE ENERGY IN THREE-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTORS WITH VARIABLE LOADS.
ESP9302513 1993-12-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995015611A1 true WO1995015611A1 (en) 1995-06-08

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AU (1) AU1110695A (en)
ES (1) ES2077523B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995015611A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2192455A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-10-01 Asesoria De Tecn Energeticas S Highly efficient and wave quality electrical energy regulation system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62290387A (en) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-17 S P Planning:Kk Power controller
JPS63117692A (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-05-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Control circuit for air conditioning motor
JPH0295186A (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-05 Japan Araamu Syst Kk Controller for ac motor
JPH02133094A (en) * 1988-11-11 1990-05-22 Yunikomu:Kk Method of controlling power supply to induction motor and power controller used for the same method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62290387A (en) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-17 S P Planning:Kk Power controller
JPS63117692A (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-05-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Control circuit for air conditioning motor
JPH0295186A (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-05 Japan Araamu Syst Kk Controller for ac motor
JPH02133094A (en) * 1988-11-11 1990-05-22 Yunikomu:Kk Method of controlling power supply to induction motor and power controller used for the same method

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 187 (E - 615) 31 May 1988 (1988-05-31) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 367 (E - 664) 30 September 1988 (1988-09-30) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 297 (E - 0945) 27 June 1990 (1990-06-27) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 371 (E - 0963) 10 August 1990 (1990-08-10) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2192455A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-10-01 Asesoria De Tecn Energeticas S Highly efficient and wave quality electrical energy regulation system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2077523R (en) 1997-01-16
ES2077523B1 (en) 1997-10-01
AU1110695A (en) 1995-06-19
ES2077523A2 (en) 1995-11-16

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