WO1995014301A1 - Attenuator especially for audio-signals - Google Patents

Attenuator especially for audio-signals Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995014301A1
WO1995014301A1 PCT/DK1994/000416 DK9400416W WO9514301A1 WO 1995014301 A1 WO1995014301 A1 WO 1995014301A1 DK 9400416 W DK9400416 W DK 9400416W WO 9514301 A1 WO9514301 A1 WO 9514301A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric
resistors
attenuator
signals
audio
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1994/000416
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Niels Larsen
Original Assignee
N.L. Elektronik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by N.L. Elektronik filed Critical N.L. Elektronik
Priority to EP94931527A priority Critical patent/EP0733261A1/en
Priority to AU80583/94A priority patent/AU8058394A/en
Publication of WO1995014301A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995014301A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
    • H05K1/0237—High frequency adaptations
    • H05K1/0246—Termination of transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/24—Frequency- independent attenuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10022—Non-printed resistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10053—Switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10196—Variable component, e.g. variable resistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10613—Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
    • H05K2201/10621—Components characterised by their electrical contacts
    • H05K2201/10636—Leadless chip, e.g. chip capacitor or resistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
    • H05K3/3415—Surface mounted components on both sides of the substrate or combined with lead-in-hole components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stepwise adjustable attenuator especially for use in volume control of audio- signals in amplifier systems and generally for attenuation of electrical signals in other types of electric appliances.
  • the attenuator is provided with a fixing nut for mechanical suspension in a front panel or similar.
  • the electrical connections are established by tin-lead soldering or by means of a terminal connector.
  • the attenuator is a stepwise adjustable type, which consists of a rotary switch with end-stop.
  • the electrical function consists of two identical circuits tracking and corresponding to the same setting to fulfil the demand for equal treatment of the two channels for stereo-signals.
  • the attenuator includes two printed-circuit boards on which the necessary electric resistors have been mounted with such resistance values and in such an order that attenuation elapses smoothly and often equidistantly with respect to the sound pressure measured in decibels.
  • Attenuators have been built as stepwise adjustable types with a rotary switch fitted with two equal sections consisting of a wafer with a printed-circuit board on which electric resistors are mounted.
  • the disadvantage of such devices has been their relatively high demand for space. From an electrical point of view these devices have furthermore a number of disadvantageous characteristics. Some of these characteristics are moreover especially disadvantageous. For instance the total conducting length of the printed-circuit board traces and resistor elements is long i.e. normally up to one meter which makes the resulting series-inductance and stray capacitance undesirable for the optimal performance. Furthermore, the disadvantages of the known systems have been that the electric fields from noise sources are relatively easy radiated into the electric circuit due to loops in the signal-path in which the electric fields induce currents.
  • the primary objective of the present invention is the provision of an improved attenuator of the nature referred to consisting of a rotary switch fitted with sections of printed-circuit boards including electric resistors.
  • the present invention provides a shorter signal-path accomplished with a minimum of series-inductance, stray capacitance and distortion. The positive result of this is the advantageous change of the conditions for the afore-mentioned radiation conditions.
  • the new solution provided according to the present invention consists of the attenuator's electric resistors being so small that they can be mounted with the shortest allowable printed-circuit board traces to the wafer terminals. And as an example these electric resistors can ideally be surface-mounted devices (SMD resistors) which have very low series-inductance and very low stray capacitance, and they can ideally be end terminated by means of a chemical process.
  • SMD resistors surface-mounted devices
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an attenuator comprising SMD resistors according to the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates an example of a conductive trace pattern for the printed-circuit board according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an attenuator comprising SMD resistors according to the invention and its circuit diagram and symbol for one section.
  • the new solution shows the attenuator with the small SMD resistors mounted close to the wafer terminals according to the invention.
  • the SMD resistors (1) here 23 pcs. are placed very close to the wafer terminals (2), here 25 pcs. where the available area for mounting is utilized in an outer circle and an inner circle near the wafer terminals by which the area surrounded by the loop formed by the signal-path is decreased.
  • This configuration is optimal for the practically available components with regard to electrical conditions and mounting.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an example of a conductive trace pattern for the printed-circuit board on which the SMD resistors are mounted according to the invention.
  • the conductive trace pattern of the printed-circuit board has a dot-marking to indicate the placement position of the SMD resistors in order to avoid adjacent positions ("footprints") to be mistaken for mutual terminals ("solder lands 1 *).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Attenuators (AREA)
  • Adjustable Resistors (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stepwise adjustable attenuator especially for use in volume control of audio-signals in amplifier systems and generally for attenuation of electrical signals in other appliances. The new solution provided according to the present invention consists of the electric resistors being surface-mounted devices (SMD resistors) which are mounted quite close to the wafer terminals. Hereby the series-inductance, the stray capacitance, the distortion, the length of the signal-path and the interference of electric fields from noise sources are decreased and as a result of this the attenuator's bandwidth for the electrical signal frequencies is increased and the compact design is advantageous in new designs as well as for upgrading existing appliances.

Description

Attenuator especially for audio-signals
The present invention relates to a stepwise adjustable attenuator especially for use in volume control of audio- signals in amplifier systems and generally for attenuation of electrical signals in other types of electric appliances.
The attenuator is provided with a fixing nut for mechanical suspension in a front panel or similar. The electrical connections are established by tin-lead soldering or by means of a terminal connector. The attenuator is a stepwise adjustable type, which consists of a rotary switch with end-stop. The electrical function consists of two identical circuits tracking and corresponding to the same setting to fulfil the demand for equal treatment of the two channels for stereo-signals.
Furthermore, the attenuator includes two printed-circuit boards on which the necessary electric resistors have been mounted with such resistance values and in such an order that attenuation elapses smoothly and often equidistantly with respect to the sound pressure measured in decibels.
Until now attenuators have been built as stepwise adjustable types with a rotary switch fitted with two equal sections consisting of a wafer with a printed-circuit board on which electric resistors are mounted.
The disadvantage of such devices has been their relatively high demand for space. From an electrical point of view these devices have furthermore a number of disadvantageous characteristics. Some of these characteristics are moreover especially disadvantageous. For instance the total conducting length of the printed-circuit board traces and resistor elements is long i.e. normally up to one meter which makes the resulting series-inductance and stray capacitance undesirable for the optimal performance. Furthermore, the disadvantages of the known systems have been that the electric fields from noise sources are relatively easy radiated into the electric circuit due to loops in the signal-path in which the electric fields induce currents.
Further disadvantages are that the electric fields from the signal sources are relatively easy radiated out of the electric circuits due to loops in the signal-path and the total length of the long signal-path.
Altogether the above-mentioned disadvantages cause a decrease of the bandwidth for the electric signal frequencies. Furthermore, conventional electric resistors designed with axial leads often cocsist of a resistor element mechanically terminated with metal end-caps. Like this the different materials in principle always form unreliable connections which cause non-linear electric resistances. The resulting distortion is a great disadvantage that affects the suitability for treating very low level signal frequencies and audio-signals for reference use in research and development of high fidelity signals.
The primary objective of the present invention is the provision of an improved attenuator of the nature referred to consisting of a rotary switch fitted with sections of printed-circuit boards including electric resistors. The present invention provides a shorter signal-path accomplished with a minimum of series-inductance, stray capacitance and distortion. The positive result of this is the advantageous change of the conditions for the afore-mentioned radiation conditions.
The new solution provided according to the present invention consists of the attenuator's electric resistors being so small that they can be mounted with the shortest allowable printed-circuit board traces to the wafer terminals. And as an example these electric resistors can ideally be surface-mounted devices (SMD resistors) which have very low series-inductance and very low stray capacitance, and they can ideally be end terminated by means of a chemical process.
When applying the above-mentioned technique for the present invention, the bandwidth increases for the electric signal frequencies and the series-inductance and the stray capacitance decrease along with the signal distortion. The conditions for radiation of the electric fields change advantageously and the compact design eases the installation. The latter is specially important for upgrading existing appliances.
The present invention and preferred forms thereof are hereinafter described in details in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 illustrates an attenuator comprising SMD resistors according to the invention, and
Figure 2 illustrates an example of a conductive trace pattern for the printed-circuit board according to the invention.
Figure 1 illustrates an attenuator comprising SMD resistors according to the invention and its circuit diagram and symbol for one section.
The new solution shows the attenuator with the small SMD resistors mounted close to the wafer terminals according to the invention.
As shown in a particularly preferred form the SMD resistors (1), here 23 pcs. are placed very close to the wafer terminals (2), here 25 pcs. where the available area for mounting is utilized in an outer circle and an inner circle near the wafer terminals by which the area surrounded by the loop formed by the signal-path is decreased. This configuration is optimal for the practically available components with regard to electrical conditions and mounting.
Figure 2 illustrates an example of a conductive trace pattern for the printed-circuit board on which the SMD resistors are mounted according to the invention.
As shown in a particularly preferred form the conductive trace pattern of the printed-circuit board has a dot-marking to indicate the placement position of the SMD resistors in order to avoid adjacent positions ("footprints") to be mistaken for mutual terminals ("solder lands1*).

Claims

C A I M S
1. Method for an attenuator to increase the bandwidth and to decrease the distortion of electric signal frequencies for especially audio-signals consisting of a rotary switch (3) mounted with electric resistors (l) having conducting connections to the wafer terminals (2), c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n, that especially the self-inductance and the stray capacitance are decreased considerably together with the distortion of the electric signals by the electric resistors (1) being surface-mounted devices (1) (SMD resistors), and that these (1) ideally can be mounted quite close to the wafer terminals (2).
2. An attenuator (3) for electric signals according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i , that the electric resistors (1) ideally can be mounted on both sides of the wafer terminals (2).
PCT/DK1994/000416 1993-11-11 1994-11-04 Attenuator especially for audio-signals WO1995014301A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94931527A EP0733261A1 (en) 1993-11-11 1994-11-04 Attenuator especially for audio-signals
AU80583/94A AU8058394A (en) 1993-11-11 1994-11-04 Attenuator especially for audio-signals

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK9300498U DK9300498U3 (en) 1993-11-11 1993-11-11 Attenuator preferably for audio signals
DK9300498 1993-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995014301A1 true WO1995014301A1 (en) 1995-05-26

Family

ID=8154497

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1994/000416 WO1995014301A1 (en) 1993-11-11 1994-11-04 Attenuator especially for audio-signals

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0733261A1 (en)
DK (1) DK9300498U3 (en)
WO (1) WO1995014301A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010012195A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-04 Yan Yuejun Adjustment device of electronic parameter
DE102009017689A1 (en) * 2009-04-16 2010-10-21 Asc-Tec Ag Antennen-Satelliten-Communication-Technik level control
CN102938288A (en) * 2011-08-15 2013-02-20 阎跃军 Electrical parameter adjusting device
TWI393347B (en) * 2009-04-16 2013-04-11
DE102008019324B4 (en) 2007-04-16 2022-10-06 Marquardt Gmbh Method for determining the presence of a component, device for equipping a printed circuit board with components, switch, and manufacturing method and manufacturing arrangement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3622919A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-11-23 Tektronix Inc Step attenuator of low inductance and high bandwidth
US4035758A (en) * 1976-03-15 1977-07-12 P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc. Adjustable variable resistance control system
US4146853A (en) * 1976-01-28 1979-03-27 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Variable attenuator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3622919A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-11-23 Tektronix Inc Step attenuator of low inductance and high bandwidth
US4146853A (en) * 1976-01-28 1979-03-27 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Variable attenuator
US4035758A (en) * 1976-03-15 1977-07-12 P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc. Adjustable variable resistance control system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008019324B4 (en) 2007-04-16 2022-10-06 Marquardt Gmbh Method for determining the presence of a component, device for equipping a printed circuit board with components, switch, and manufacturing method and manufacturing arrangement
WO2010012195A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-04 Yan Yuejun Adjustment device of electronic parameter
DE102009017689A1 (en) * 2009-04-16 2010-10-21 Asc-Tec Ag Antennen-Satelliten-Communication-Technik level control
TWI393347B (en) * 2009-04-16 2013-04-11
CN102938288A (en) * 2011-08-15 2013-02-20 阎跃军 Electrical parameter adjusting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK9300498U3 (en) 1993-12-24
EP0733261A1 (en) 1996-09-25

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