WO1995006330A1 - Ensemble boitier et dissipateur thermique d'un concentrateur solaire sans poursuite - Google Patents

Ensemble boitier et dissipateur thermique d'un concentrateur solaire sans poursuite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995006330A1
WO1995006330A1 PCT/US1994/009401 US9409401W WO9506330A1 WO 1995006330 A1 WO1995006330 A1 WO 1995006330A1 US 9409401 W US9409401 W US 9409401W WO 9506330 A1 WO9506330 A1 WO 9506330A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
concentrator
base
walls
receivers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/009401
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christopher P. Kinkaid
Original Assignee
Kinkaid Christopher P
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kinkaid Christopher P filed Critical Kinkaid Christopher P
Priority to AU76004/94A priority Critical patent/AU7600494A/en
Publication of WO1995006330A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995006330A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to solar cell concentrator assemblies and, more particularly, to improved structures for the capture of solar radiation in such assemblies.
  • V-shaped troughs as the collection device including U.S. Patent Nos. 4,789,408 to Fitzsimmons; 3,350,234 to Ule; 4,217,881 to Brent; and 4,295,463 to Citron.
  • existing V- shaped trough solar collectors present a number of problems.
  • most of these solar collectors require tracking devices to track the solar radiation in order to ensure operation of the solar collectors over a longer time period during the day thereby generating a sufficient amount of energy to make the solar collectors energy efficient. Such tracking devices are required because these solar concentrators have an angle of acceptance which is quite narrow.
  • It still another object of the present invention to provide for a V-shaped trough solar concentrator providing isotropic irradiation of the solar receiver.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a V-shaped trough solar concentrator fabricated in such a way as to not require additional hardware or materials for its heat sink.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide for a V-shaped trough solar concentrator which can incorporate the functions of a solar reflector, heat sink, and receiver housing in a single element structure.
  • a single element non-tracking solar concentrator heat sink and housing for holding solar receivers comprising at least one sheet of solar reflective material structured so as to form at least one V-shaped trough, each of the at least one V-shaped troughs having two walls and a base, the base having two sides, each wall having an upper edge and a lower edge.
  • Each trough has a base positioned between the lower edges of the two walls of the at least one trough.
  • a solar receiver housing area is located on one side of the base.
  • the at least two walls and the base may be formed of a heat conducting material which allows the concentrator to act as a heat sink. At least a portion of the joined at least two walls and base may be in contact with a structural member.
  • the heat conducting material is aluminum.
  • each of the at least one V-shaped trough's base and walls are joined at an angle of 120°.
  • the concentrator is formed of only one sheet of solar reflective material so that the concentrator can be formed with a single element.
  • Figure 2 is a partially exploded side view of the non-tracking solar concentrator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of one embodiment of the solar concentrator of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of the present invention operating as a heat sink
  • Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the wider angle of acceptance achieved with the non-tracking solar concentrator of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an alternative embodiment of the non- tracking solar concentrator of the present invention. Description of the Preferred ⁇ n-hr ⁇ iim«» ⁇ .t-
  • the solar concentrator 10 of the present invention is comprised of at least one sheet 11 of solar reflective material structured so as to form at least one V-shaped trough 12.
  • Each of the at least one V-shaped troughs 12 has two walls 13 and a base 14.
  • FIG 2 another view of the solar concentrator 10 of the present invention is shown.
  • the preferably single sheet 11 of reflective material is shown shaped into V-shaped troughs 12.
  • the at least one sheet 11 is formed of aluminum.
  • the preferred material is the EverbriteTM material manufactured by Alcoa Aluminum Corporation. If aluminum is used, the single element solar concentrator can be fully recycled, thereby providing an additional benefit of the instant invention.
  • the solar concentrator 10 of the present invention is capable of inexpensive and easy manufacture. Moreover, the solar concentrator assembly also exhibits a structural rigidity and strength which is desirable for the stresses of the environment in which a solar concentrator must operate. These stresses include chemical degradation by ultra ⁇ violet light, wind loading, hail bombardment, and thermal cycling each day and night.
  • the high structural rigidity results from the reverse angle formed when two side walls 13 are joined at a seam for multiple sets of walls and bases. When the two side wall sections are formed with a bend, the reverse angle creates an inverse "roman arch" which dissipates stress and is extremely strong.
  • the solar receiving cells 16 are placed on one side of the base 14 of the V-shaped trough 12.
  • the solar receivers 16 are placed on the side of the trough facing the incoming solar radiation 20.
  • the at least one sheet 11 is structured so as to create a fitted housing area 21 at the base of the V-shaped trough 12 to help position and secure the solar receiver 16. This can be accomplished by forming or bending the sheet to follow the dimensions of the solar receivers.
  • a top view of one embodiment of the concentrator 10 and the receivers 16 is seen in Figure 3.
  • the preferred method of securing the solar receiver 16 to the receiving trough 21 at the base of the V-shaped trough 12 is with a thermally conducting epoxy which is known in the art or with mechanical locks.
  • the receiver 16 can remain stable with respect to the reflecting walls 13 throughout operation thereby assuring more reliable operation of the solar concentrator.
  • the preferred dimensions for the walls, base, and solar receivers are walls—5 1/2" x 48"; base—4 5/16" x 48"; and receivers—4 4/16" x 40". These, of course, can be varied and scaled.
  • the single element concentrator is preferably made of a heat conducting material such as aluminum.
  • the concentrator 10 is then joined to a strut 18, which is preferably aluminum, which enhances the structural rigidity of the invention.
  • the thin high surface area of the at least one sheet 11 operates at a very effective heat sink conducting heat away from the solar receivers through both convection and radiative cooling as seen in Figure 4.
  • incident rays of solar radiation 20 contact the wall 13 of the concentrator 10 at points F.
  • the major reflected rays 20' are reflected into housing area 21.
  • the heat generated by the receiver(s) placed in area 21 is dissipated along a path of heat conduction G from the housing area 21 to the reflector walls 13 at a point or area H.
  • heat is conducted away from the concentrator 10 and solar receiver(s) both orthagonally (I) and radially (J) in an efficient manner.
  • heat is removed from the receivers by (1) conduction (heat transferring to reflecting walls of concentrator) ; (2) convection (ambient air or wind pulls heat off walls); and (3) radiation.
  • the concentrator is an efficient heat sink due to its large surface area and high thermal conductivity.
  • the preferred angle of the walls 13 with respect to the base 14 is 120°. However, significant variations can be taken on this angle with a proportional reduction in the efficiency of the irradiation of the cells 16.
  • the 120° angle occurs between the base 14 and the lower edge 24 of the walls 13.
  • the upper edges 22 of the walls 13 serve as a transition between each V-shaped trough.
  • Typical available concentrators require one or two axis tracking hardware.
  • Static concentrators i.e., concentrators not using tracking hardware
  • Static concentrators typically have been unable to produce a concentrator which is isotropic in its irradiance characteristics and is also capable of receiving solar radiation from wide angles.
  • isotropic irradiance is achieved at wide angles without the need for tracking.
  • Tracking hardware moves the concentrator and solar cells with respect to the normal angle of the solar radiation. The instant invention accomplishes this by using an east-west orientation with the concentrator preferably facing south. At this normal angle, the concentrator remains non-moving during daily operation.
  • the instant invention can be adjusted during night operation allowing for a static non-moving orientation during daily operation.
  • the need for tracking hardware is also removed because of the concentrator's ability to obtain a wide angle of acceptance via the structure of the solar concentrator 10.
  • the concentrator 10 is constructed only with walls 13 and without any side walls which can block solar radiation and shade the solar receiver 10.
  • the concentrator 10 of the instant invention further achieves this wide acceptance angle by preferably ensuring that base 14 of the concentrator extends beyond the dimensions of the solar receiver 16.
  • FIG. 5 A schematic illustrating the benefit of this extension on the angle of acceptance can be seen in Figure 5.
  • the solar concentrator 10 can accept solar irradiance and irradiate the receivers isotropically between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. If the distance e was not added to the walls 13 of the solar concentrator 10, the solar receiver 16 could accept solar irradiance only during a brief period of the day unless tracking hardware was included to move the concentrator with respect to the normal angle of the incoming solar radiation.
  • the east-west orientation previously mostly abandoned by those of skill in the art because of the inability to obtain even irradiance of solar cells can now be employed, thus avoiding the problem of the limited acceptance angle without the addition of tracking hardware.
  • the walls 13 of the solar concentrators 10 can also be parabolic in nature. Additionally, a number of solar concentrators 10 can operate together most efficiently with a slight overlap of the concentrators 10, thereby allowing tight stacking of the concentrators in defined areas.
  • a single element solar concentrator for photovoltaic, photochemical, and photother al applications is disclosed.
  • a single element concentrator is positioned to receive direct and diffused solar radiation and then transmit dispersed and focused radiation toward solar receivers 20 with optical characteristics of static deployment, isotropic irradiation, and operation from wide angle of incidence. Additionally, the single element can operate as a waste- heat sink radiator and a housing structure for the photovoltaic, photochemical, or photothermal receivers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble (10) de concentration solaire réalisant une concentration uniforme sur des récepteurs interchangeables (16) à des angles d'acceptation importants. L'élément de préférence unique (11) fonctionne en tant que concentrateur sans poursuite et simultanément en tant que dissipateur thermique. La conception confère de la résistance, maintient un espacement optique régulier et sert de boîtier (21) au récepteur solaire (16). Dans son fonctionnement en tant que dissipateur thermique, le concentrateur conduit la chaleur depuis les récepteurs (16) vers les réflecteurs (13), ce qui exerce un effet de radiateur refroidissant le récepteur. Ce dispositif produit des angles optiquement importants d'incidence solaire et fonctionne en tant que concentrateur isotrope pendant les heures d'incidence solaire. Le concentrateur statique est un système solaire normalisé de déploiement optique qui permet de constituer des récepteurs interchangeables dans des mises en application photovoltaïques, photochimiques et photothermiques.
PCT/US1994/009401 1993-08-20 1994-08-18 Ensemble boitier et dissipateur thermique d'un concentrateur solaire sans poursuite WO1995006330A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU76004/94A AU7600494A (en) 1993-08-20 1994-08-18 Non-tracking solar concentrator heat sink and housing system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10982793A 1993-08-20 1993-08-20
US08/109,827 1993-08-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995006330A1 true WO1995006330A1 (fr) 1995-03-02

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PCT/US1994/009401 WO1995006330A1 (fr) 1993-08-20 1994-08-18 Ensemble boitier et dissipateur thermique d'un concentrateur solaire sans poursuite

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU7600494A (fr)
TW (1) TW252183B (fr)
WO (1) WO1995006330A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1194956A1 (fr) * 1999-06-21 2002-04-10 Aec-Able Engineering Co., Inc. Batterie solaire
JP2009246021A (ja) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 太陽電池モジュール装置
US7910822B1 (en) 2005-10-17 2011-03-22 Solaria Corporation Fabrication process for photovoltaic cell
US7910035B2 (en) 2007-12-12 2011-03-22 Solaria Corporation Method and system for manufacturing integrated molded concentrator photovoltaic device
US7910392B2 (en) 2007-04-02 2011-03-22 Solaria Corporation Method and system for assembling a solar cell package
DE102009033771A1 (de) 2009-07-17 2011-04-07 Schünemann, Gerhard Solarreflektor zur Leistungssteigerung von Photovoltaikanlagen und Verwendung eines solchen Solarreflektors
US8049098B2 (en) 2007-09-05 2011-11-01 Solaria Corporation Notch structure for concentrating module and method of manufacture using photovoltaic strips
US8227688B1 (en) 2005-10-17 2012-07-24 Solaria Corporation Method and resulting structure for assembling photovoltaic regions onto lead frame members for integration on concentrating elements for solar cells
WO2021224699A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Articles et procédés d'absorption d'énergie solaire et de refroidissement par rayonnement
US20220307730A1 (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 Purdue Research Foundation Devices and methods for concentrated radiative cooling

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3232795A (en) * 1961-10-26 1966-02-01 Boeing Co Solar energy converter
US4099515A (en) * 1977-06-29 1978-07-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fabrication of trough-shaped solar collectors

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3232795A (en) * 1961-10-26 1966-02-01 Boeing Co Solar energy converter
US4099515A (en) * 1977-06-29 1978-07-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fabrication of trough-shaped solar collectors

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1194956A1 (fr) * 1999-06-21 2002-04-10 Aec-Able Engineering Co., Inc. Batterie solaire
EP1194956A4 (fr) * 1999-06-21 2005-01-19 Aec Able Eng Co Inc Batterie solaire
US7301095B2 (en) 1999-06-21 2007-11-27 Aec-Able Engineering Co., Inc. Solar cell array
US7910822B1 (en) 2005-10-17 2011-03-22 Solaria Corporation Fabrication process for photovoltaic cell
US8227688B1 (en) 2005-10-17 2012-07-24 Solaria Corporation Method and resulting structure for assembling photovoltaic regions onto lead frame members for integration on concentrating elements for solar cells
US7910392B2 (en) 2007-04-02 2011-03-22 Solaria Corporation Method and system for assembling a solar cell package
US8049098B2 (en) 2007-09-05 2011-11-01 Solaria Corporation Notch structure for concentrating module and method of manufacture using photovoltaic strips
US7910035B2 (en) 2007-12-12 2011-03-22 Solaria Corporation Method and system for manufacturing integrated molded concentrator photovoltaic device
JP2009246021A (ja) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 太陽電池モジュール装置
DE102009033771A1 (de) 2009-07-17 2011-04-07 Schünemann, Gerhard Solarreflektor zur Leistungssteigerung von Photovoltaikanlagen und Verwendung eines solchen Solarreflektors
WO2021224699A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Articles et procédés d'absorption d'énergie solaire et de refroidissement par rayonnement
US20220307730A1 (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 Purdue Research Foundation Devices and methods for concentrated radiative cooling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7600494A (en) 1995-03-21
TW252183B (fr) 1995-07-21

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