WO1994025820A1 - Systeme de mise a feu - Google Patents

Systeme de mise a feu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994025820A1
WO1994025820A1 PCT/AU1994/000204 AU9400204W WO9425820A1 WO 1994025820 A1 WO1994025820 A1 WO 1994025820A1 AU 9400204 W AU9400204 W AU 9400204W WO 9425820 A1 WO9425820 A1 WO 9425820A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
row
connectors
connector
male
detonator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1994/000204
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Thomas Hedger
Timothy Andrew Beattie
Peter James Duniam
Mark Andrew Irving
Original Assignee
Ici Australia Operations Proprietary Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ici Australia Operations Proprietary Limited filed Critical Ici Australia Operations Proprietary Limited
Priority to AU65602/94A priority Critical patent/AU687051B2/en
Publication of WO1994025820A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994025820A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/06—Relative timing of multiple charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/043—Connectors for detonating cords and ignition tubes, e.g. Nonel tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a redundant initiation system and method of use.
  • Detonators are devices which contain a small amount of very sensitive explosive, the initiation of which can be safely controlled from a distance. Initiation systems housing electrically wired circuits, signal tube or detonating cord are commonly used to connect the detonators to the shot firer's position from which detonations may be triggered.
  • the initiation of detonators may be instantaneous, that is occurring within microseconds of the shot firer triggering the exploder box, or the initiation may be delayed by a delay device incorporated in the detonator and/or in the initiation system. These delays are commonly of any length up to about 15 seconds.
  • Shot firers plan the location of detonators and charges in the ground to be blasted and use the delays to achieve firing of detonators at selected intervals in a predetermined sequence known as a blast sequence.
  • the firing of detonators in a pattern gives control over rock fragmentation, direction of throw and the intensity of ground vibration and the associated air blast and noise. Overbreaking of rock can be reduced, generally resulting in an improved, smoother finish to the walls of a mine or excavation.
  • a benefit of these systems is that they give the shotfirer a great deal of flexibility in assigning differing delay times to a large number of boreholes. Furthermore, such systems have an advantage in reduced inventories because instead of having to maintain a supply of dozens of detonators of differing delay times, the shotfirer need only keep a few different units which can be connected in a variety of ways to give different delays.
  • Signal tube and low weight detonating cord are particularly favoured for use in initiating systems because they propagate the initiating wave virtually noiselessly and therefore they are more acceptable than detonating cord in noise conscious areas.
  • a major drawback of the trunkline delay is that there is only a single communication path from the point of blast initiation by the shotfirer and each borehole so that any failure in the path or "cutoff" of the initiating wave results in failure of the detonator to explode. Such incidents are termed "misfires" and tend to cause poor blasting results because areas of rock are left unbroken or only partially broken. Unfired detonators and associated explosive compositions in blastholes present a costly safety hazard.
  • BLASTMASTER Systems such as the BLASTMASTER system are known as "redundant" systems as they have a second line of communication to each detonator to ensure that in the event of a failure, all detonators are initiated.
  • prior art systems have the disadvantage that the time sequence is altered or compromised in the event of a failure or misfire of the first communication path.
  • the initiation system of the present invention provides the significant advantage of not only being redundant but, in the event of failure of the first communication path, retaining the intended initiation sequence of the first communication path with essentially unchanged timing.
  • the initiation system of the current invention provides significant benefits in the event of a failure or misfire because it returns a blast pattern to the intended initiation sequence far more quickly than the initiation systems of the prior art, ensuring every blasthole is detonated and thus preserving the blast performance.
  • the current invention therefore provides a redundant initiation detonation system comprising,
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (Rule 26, (a) a male connector comprising a well housing a delay detonator connected to a length of signal tube and at least one channel adapted to receive at least one signal tube in close proximity to said delay detonator; (b) a female connector comprising a well housing a delay detonator connected to a length of signal tube; (c) a dual connector comprising a male connector comprising a well housing a delay detonator and at least one channel adapted to receive at least one signal tube in close proximity to said delay detonator and a female connector comprising a well housing an instantaneous detonator and wherein said delay detonator and instantaneous detonator are connected to opposite ends of a length of signal tube; wherein said male and female connectors are interconnectable and said male, female and dual connectors are joined in such a manner that the control row of boreholes are linked by male connectors, the back row of boreholes are linked by female connectors and the e
  • the initiating system of the current invention includes the use of male- female type connectors which house detonators. It will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art that the term delay detonator also includes detonators having a delay time of zero. The detonators may be located and held within the connectors by any convenient method including clips or friction. Three basic types of connectors used - a male connector housing a delay detonator, a female connector housing a delay detonator and a dual connector comprising a female connector housing an instantaneous detonator and a male connector housing a delay detonator.
  • the dual connector further comprises a channel in the male connector which channel is adapted to hold the tail of the delay detonator such that the delay detonator can initiate the signal tube by end on initiation.
  • the male connector of the dual connector unit may be the same as the male connector of the single unit. It will readily be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the terms “male” and “female” connectors are relative terms only and merely serve to indicate the opposite interlocking nature of the connectors.
  • signal tube detonators relate to signal tube detonators.
  • tail refers to a single piece of signal tube or detonating cord or the like which is attached to a detonator.
  • signal tube refers to signal tube or low weight detonating cord or the like.
  • Initiation systems usually comprise a "control row” which is the first row along which the initiating detonation front is transmitted. Branching from the control row are “echelon” rows along which the initiating detonation front is transmitted from the control row. A “back row” may also be included to act as a second control row should the intended control row or echelon row misfire.
  • the redundant initiation detonation system of the current invention further provides a method of detonating a blast pattern which comprises at least one control row, at least one echelon row and at least one back row.
  • control row comprises male connectors, each male connector being connected to the tail of the detonator of an adjacent male connector.
  • the connector of the control row is connected to units in the echelon row.
  • the echelon row of the initiation system of the current invention comprises double ended units connected together. At one end of the echelon row is a female connector of a dual connector which is connected to a male connector of the control row. At the other end of the echelon row is a male connector of a dual connector which is connected to a female connector of the back row.
  • the back row comprises female units connected together.
  • Signal tubes connected to male connectors enable transmission of a detonation signal down boreholes to detonators often located in primers which detonate the larger body of bulk or packaged explosive in the borehole.
  • the male connector necessarily includes provision for connection to signal tube or the like including the tail of other detonators. Signal tubes so connected
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (Rule 2b) must be located in close proximity to the detonator and in such a manner that a detonation front issuing from the detonator will be propagated in the signal tube. This propagation of the detonation can be achieved by either locating the signal tube along the side of the detonator or across the end by what is referred to as "end on” initiation. The latter is preferable because it facilitates the use of detonators which include smaller quantities of charge in the detonator.
  • end on initiation means initiation of signal tube by a detonator, the longitudinal axis of the signal tube being located substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the detonator.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the connectors used in the current invention
  • Figure 3(a) is a plan view of a male connector and delay detonator
  • Figure 3(b) depicts a longitudinal cross-section of male connector housing a delay detonator connected to a female connector housing an instantaneous detonator
  • Figure 3(c) depicts a longitudinal cross section of male connector housing a delay detonator connected to a female connector housing a delay detonator
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a blast pattern showing how the connectors and units are arranged.
  • Figure 1 illustrates simple initiation patterns of the prior art for blasting at rock faces (1).
  • the arrows indicate the direction of propagation of the initiation travelling from the initiation hole and the numbers indicate the length of delay between initiation at the initiation hole and the detonation at a particular blast hole (3).
  • the control rows (4) and echelon rows (5) are clearly seen.
  • Figure 1 (a) depicts a multiple row initiation of 5 rows in a square pattern.
  • Figure 1 (b) depicts a sequential hole by hole initiation of 5 rows in an offset pattern.
  • Figure 2 depicts the connectors used in the initiation system of the current invention.
  • Figure 2(a) shows a male connector (6) into which has been inserted a delay detonator (7) attached to signal tube (8).
  • a channel (9) is provided in the connector for the insertion of signal tube in close proximity to the detonator.
  • Figure 2(b) shows dual connector comprising a male connector (6) and delay detonator (7) attached to one end of a piece of signal tube (8). and, at the other end of the signal tube, a female connector (11) housing an instantaneous detonator (10).
  • Figure 2(c) shows a female connector (12) housing a delay detonator (13) housing a female connector (12).
  • delay detonators comprise a delay element in addition to charges they are usually longer than instantaneous detonators and the relevant female connectors may be of different sizes.
  • Figure 3 depicts various connectors and their relationship to detonators.
  • Figure 3(a) is a section (front) view of a delay detonator (14) located within a male connector (15).
  • the detonator is held within a well or channel (16) of the connector and the signal tube (17) for initiating the detonator is curled around and held by the connector.
  • initiation of the detonator will lead to propagation of a detonation front through the signal tube.
  • This embodiment also has the further advantage that the detonator is firmly located and there is little chance of accidentally pulling the signal tube out of the detonator even if it is strongly pulled.
  • the connector also includes another well or channel ( 8) in which one or more signal tubes may be located in close proximity to the end of the detonator where the explosive charge of the detonator is located. As the detonator initiates, the main explosive front is sufficient to initiate an explosive front in the signal tubes.
  • Figure 3(b) is a longitudinal cross-section of male connector (15) housing a delay detonator (14) which is in turn connected to a female connector (19) in which is located an instantaneous detonator (20) attached to signal tube (21 ).
  • the channel or gutter (22) into which signal tubes (23) have been inserted can be clearly seen.
  • Figure 3(c) is a longitudinal cross-section view analogous to Figure 3(b) except that the female connector and instantaneous detonator have been replaced by a female connector (24) in which is located a delay detonator (25).
  • Figure 4 illustrates a particularly preferred embodiment of the redundant initiation detonation system of the current invention. From the initiation hole (26) the initiation front runs along the control row (27), branching off along echelon rows (28). The back row (29) acts as a second safety control row in the event of a misfire. The lines with arrows indicate directions in which the initiation front may run.
  • the lines with single arrowheads at one end only represent boreholes linked by male connectors, each male connector being connected to the tail of the detonator of an adjacent male connector.
  • Signal tubes connected to male connectors transmit the detonation signal down the boreholes to detonators which initiate inhole detonators and thus the bulk or packaged explosive which fills the borehole.
  • the lines having a single arrowhead at one end and a double arrowhead at the other end represent the male and female connectors respectively of the double ended units which link boreholes of the echelon row.
  • the lines having a single arrowhead and line indicate boreholes of the back row linked by female units.
  • the tail of the delay detonator of each female connector is connected to the male connector of the double ended unit of said echelon row and the female connector which precedes it.
  • the control row comprises male connectors only and these are indicated by single arrowheads.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système doublé de mise à feu d'explosifs et un procédé pour son utilisation. Le système comprend des connecteurs mâles de canalisations de signal, des connecteurs femelles de canalisations de signal et des connecteurs des deux genres. Dans ce système, lesdits connecteurs mâles et femelles peuvent être interconnectés et lesdits connecteurs mâles, femelles et des deux genres sont joints de manière à ce que les trous forés de la rangée de commande (27) soient reliés par des connecteurs mâles, que les trous forés de la rangée arrière (29) soient reliés par des connecteurs femelles et que les rangées (28) joignant la rangée de commande et la rangée arrière à la manière de barreaux d'échelle soient reliées par des connecteurs des deux genres. En cas de défaillance d'un premier trajet de communication, la séquence et le minutage des mises à feu prévus par le premier trajet de communication sont conservés.
PCT/AU1994/000204 1993-04-23 1994-04-20 Systeme de mise a feu WO1994025820A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU65602/94A AU687051B2 (en) 1993-04-23 1994-04-20 Initiation system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPL8413 1993-04-23
AUPL841393 1993-04-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994025820A1 true WO1994025820A1 (fr) 1994-11-10

Family

ID=3776858

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1994/000204 WO1994025820A1 (fr) 1993-04-23 1994-04-20 Systeme de mise a feu

Country Status (2)

Country Link
MX (1) MX9402929A (fr)
WO (1) WO1994025820A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU6849987A (en) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-15 Ensign-Bickford Company, The Non-electric blasting initiation signal control system
AU1773288A (en) * 1987-07-13 1989-01-19 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Multi-directional signal transmission in a blast initiation system
AU7284791A (en) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-07 Dyno Nobel, Inc Low-energy blasting initiation system and surface connection thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU6849987A (en) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-15 Ensign-Bickford Company, The Non-electric blasting initiation signal control system
AU1773288A (en) * 1987-07-13 1989-01-19 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Multi-directional signal transmission in a blast initiation system
AU7284791A (en) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-07 Dyno Nobel, Inc Low-energy blasting initiation system and surface connection thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX9402929A (es) 1995-01-31

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