WO1994016173A1 - Coffrage utilise pour la production de structures longitudinales - Google Patents

Coffrage utilise pour la production de structures longitudinales Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994016173A1
WO1994016173A1 PCT/NO1993/000006 NO9300006W WO9416173A1 WO 1994016173 A1 WO1994016173 A1 WO 1994016173A1 NO 9300006 W NO9300006 W NO 9300006W WO 9416173 A1 WO9416173 A1 WO 9416173A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ribs
formwork
frames
structures
formwork according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1993/000006
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arne BØHN
Knut Fossum
Original Assignee
Bohn Arne
Knut Fossum
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bohn Arne, Knut Fossum filed Critical Bohn Arne
Priority to PCT/NO1993/000006 priority Critical patent/WO1994016173A1/fr
Priority to DE9315603U priority patent/DE9315603U1/de
Publication of WO1994016173A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994016173A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
    • E04G11/045—Inflatable forms

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a formwork for use in the fabrication of longitudinal structures, such as superstructures or other cast f structures, especially shell structures, where the formwork should have curved or doubly-curved surfaces.
  • a permanent formwork is used or a sheet of fabric is used as a formwork medium, as described, e.g., in the applicant's Norwegian patent application 91 2525.
  • the formwork system based on a sheet of fabric has mainly been based on the principle that the sheet of fabric has defined a closed space and has been maintained in the correct shape by means of an overpressure within the closed space. This is a very simple and practical manner in which to provide a formwork, which is suitable, e.g., for dome-shaped vaults or other special structures.
  • bracing 11 a piece of formwork material cannot be used in areas in which it is not possible to provide an overpressure.
  • the type of structure which has to be built is a tunnel-shaped superstructure, a snow tunnel for a section of railway, a bobsleigh run, noise baffles for roads or railways, etc.
  • other more flexible solutions have to be found for bracing the formwork structure.
  • the structures normally utilized require a great deal of preparatory building work in erecting the formwork and, e.g., in connection with a railway line it will not be possible to maintain traffic on the line during the building period.
  • edge supports are first set up on the ground and on these a lower, internal skeleton structure is then erected.
  • an external skeleton is then constructed consisting of support plates, a strap system, and compression-relieving rods are also used.
  • air cushions are provided which are used to tighten the straps.
  • a vault is then built which is supported by the skeleton and the related plates and when the building of the vault is complete, air is released from the cushions and the skeleton structure can be dismantled.
  • the vault will then stand on its own. This method is relatively complicated and comprises a number of construction stages. Nor will it be possible to use the interior of the vault during the construction period.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a formwork which will be simple and easy to instal and to move and which occupies the minimum of space.
  • a frame structure is erected, which may be a concrete frame which forms an arch or portal over the area in which a shell structure is to be provided.
  • the supporting part of the formwork which consists of a set of tubular laminae extending in the structure's longitudinal direction, which laminae are attached to one another and suspended in the said frames.
  • the laminae can be inflatable elements or relatively flexible tubes of plastic or other material and are connected with one another in an articulated manner, thus enabling them to be adapted to or to assume a curved shape.
  • these elements can be used as a kind of sliding formwork, since the laminae which are hooked up between two frames after casting of the section between the frame can be released and moved forward to the space between the last frame and the following frame. Since the laminae are attached to a framework, the interior of the structure will also be able to be used during the casting operations, so that trains or other kinds of traffic, e.g., will be able to pass through the tunnel structure without any problem.
  • the laminae may be located either on the inside or the outside of such frameworks, depending on what is the best solution in each individual case.
  • the lamina can also be made to form curves by using flexible lamina elements, thus making it possible to follow curved paths and by means of this technique it is also possible, e.g., to adapt the path shape to form a toboggan run or a bobsleigh run.
  • Fig. 1 A section through a snow tunnel for a railway line, and fig. 2 a section through a part of the structure in fig.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in a purely schematic manner a possible example of the application of a formwork according to the invention, a snow tunnel for trains having been chosen as an example.
  • a frame 1 which can be a prefabricated concrete frame which may, e.g., be composed of two parts which are joined in the middle and which are so dimensioned that a train T can pass through the portal formed by the frame on a railway line S.
  • the prefabricated concrete frame can, e.g., have an H-profile as illustrated in the section at the top of fig. 2.
  • windows can also be provided in the side as indicated by 4.
  • Such frames are provided at regular intervals along the track which has to be covered.
  • ribs 5 which will constitute the formwork elements and against which the casting will be performed.
  • These elements can consist of inflated "rubber hoses” or flexible tubes of plastic or another suitable material.
  • a polyvinyl sheet is well-suited for use as inflatable elements.
  • These elements are attached to one another with a type of articulated connection 6, which can, e.g., by designed in such a way that each of the ribs 5 on both sides is equipped with lugs which are indicated by 7, through which there is threaded a lath 8 which will connect the lugs to two ribs 5 which are located adjacent to each other, thus attaching these rotatably to each other.
  • the laths 8 will have a bracing effect in the laminae's longitudinal direction.
  • the desired number of ribs 5 can be connected to form a mat or plate-like structure.
  • This plate-like structure is attached to the frame 1 by means of hook elements which can be attached to a steel strip 11 provided at the end of the frame profile 1, as indicated in the section at the top of fig. 2.
  • the hooks can, e.g., be welded on or attached in another suitable manner and the end of the hook can be threaded round the end section of the laths, thus securing the laths to the frame and thereby providing a permanent connection between the frame 1 and the ribs 5.
  • the hook elements 9 are provided on the outward-facing side of each concrete frame, viewed in relation to the ribs. Thus they can easily be removed when the ribs have to be moved.
  • the ribs are covered by means of a membrane sheet which is relatively rigid and which is placed on the ribs between the frame elements.
  • This sheet is indicated by 3.
  • a layer of gunite covered with steel fibre can then be applied or a layer of foam can be applied in order to form contact, the same method being used for the rest of the casting as that described in the applicant's Norwegian patent application 91 2525.
  • the frame 1 there are further provided holes 10 in which reinforcing rods can be inserted to strengthen the shell structure. Further casting is performed in a known per se manner.
  • the formwork according to the invention will be able to be used in many other areas apart from tunnel-shaped superstructures, the essential factor being only that some form of frame structure or framework is used which can serve as an attachment means and a support structure for the lamina- or rib-shaped formwork elements. It should also be obvious that it is not necessary to use ribs in the form of tubular elements with identical shapes, since cases can arise where it may be desirable to use ribs with different sizes in order to provide special effects in the structure. In the example reference is also made to the erection of permanent frameworks, but it should be noted that, particularly in the case of lighter structures, it can also be an alternative to use movable frameworks if the shell structure is produced as a self-sup ⁇ porting element.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

Un coffrage utilisé dans la fabrication de constructions en coquille, spécialement des superstructures et autres bâtiments, par ememple avec une surface courbe ou doublement courbe, comprend au moins deux cadres (1) qui sont positionnés à une distance l'un de l'autre, sur lesquels est fixé avec des éléments de fixation amovibles, un réseau de renforts tubulaires (5) longitudinaux reliés entre eux et de préférene creux. Entre les cadres (1) sur le coffrage qui est formé par les renforts (5) se trouve une feuille de tissu (3) qui constitue une partie de la structure en coquille.
PCT/NO1993/000006 1992-04-10 1993-01-07 Coffrage utilise pour la production de structures longitudinales WO1994016173A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO1993/000006 WO1994016173A1 (fr) 1993-01-07 1993-01-07 Coffrage utilise pour la production de structures longitudinales
DE9315603U DE9315603U1 (de) 1992-04-10 1993-04-07 Sicherheitseinrichtung für einen Personen-/ Warenaufzug und Klemmhebel zum Bewegen/Freisetzen einer Aufzugkabine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO1993/000006 WO1994016173A1 (fr) 1993-01-07 1993-01-07 Coffrage utilise pour la production de structures longitudinales

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994016173A1 true WO1994016173A1 (fr) 1994-07-21

Family

ID=19907710

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1993/000006 WO1994016173A1 (fr) 1992-04-10 1993-01-07 Coffrage utilise pour la production de structures longitudinales

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1994016173A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2739123A1 (fr) * 1995-09-21 1997-03-28 Gezat Aubin Structure gonflable formant support coffrant pour panneaux de revetement composites
CN102691242A (zh) * 2012-06-15 2012-09-26 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 不中断铁路运营的既有路基改为隧道的方法
US9481993B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2016-11-01 Lock-Block Ltd. Formwork for use in the construction of arched structures and a method of constructing arched structures

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1022135A (fr) * 1950-07-18 1953-02-27 Coffrage pour la construction accélérée de voûtes en ogive utilisables comme hangars et maisons d'habitation
FR1050574A (fr) * 1952-02-06 1954-01-08 Zodiac Soc Coffrage pneumatique
NO912668L (no) * 1991-07-08 1993-01-11 Arne Boehn Forskaling for bruk ved fremstilling av langsgaaende konstruksjoner
WO1993002264A1 (fr) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 International Dome Systems Cyprus Ltd. Procede de fabrication d'une structure autoporteuse et creuse en beton, dispositif de mise en ×uvre du procede, et structures ainsi obtenues
NO172068B (no) * 1991-06-27 1993-02-22 Arne Boehn Skallkonstruksjon samt fremgangsmaate til fremstilling av denne

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1022135A (fr) * 1950-07-18 1953-02-27 Coffrage pour la construction accélérée de voûtes en ogive utilisables comme hangars et maisons d'habitation
FR1050574A (fr) * 1952-02-06 1954-01-08 Zodiac Soc Coffrage pneumatique
NO172068B (no) * 1991-06-27 1993-02-22 Arne Boehn Skallkonstruksjon samt fremgangsmaate til fremstilling av denne
NO912668L (no) * 1991-07-08 1993-01-11 Arne Boehn Forskaling for bruk ved fremstilling av langsgaaende konstruksjoner
WO1993002264A1 (fr) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 International Dome Systems Cyprus Ltd. Procede de fabrication d'une structure autoporteuse et creuse en beton, dispositif de mise en ×uvre du procede, et structures ainsi obtenues

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2739123A1 (fr) * 1995-09-21 1997-03-28 Gezat Aubin Structure gonflable formant support coffrant pour panneaux de revetement composites
US9481993B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2016-11-01 Lock-Block Ltd. Formwork for use in the construction of arched structures and a method of constructing arched structures
CN102691242A (zh) * 2012-06-15 2012-09-26 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 不中断铁路运营的既有路基改为隧道的方法

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