WO1994014574A1 - Cle a cliquet a entrainement - Google Patents

Cle a cliquet a entrainement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994014574A1
WO1994014574A1 PCT/AU1993/000668 AU9300668W WO9414574A1 WO 1994014574 A1 WO1994014574 A1 WO 1994014574A1 AU 9300668 W AU9300668 W AU 9300668W WO 9414574 A1 WO9414574 A1 WO 9414574A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
drive
power driven
opposed
wrench assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1993/000668
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Eric Mitchell
Original Assignee
Matricbrook Pty. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matricbrook Pty. Ltd. filed Critical Matricbrook Pty. Ltd.
Priority to AU56896/94A priority Critical patent/AU5689694A/en
Publication of WO1994014574A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994014574A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/004—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose of the ratchet type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0007—Connections or joints between tool parts
    • B25B23/0035—Connection means between socket or screwdriver bit and tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0071—Abutment for screws or nuts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to power operated ratchet wrenches.
  • this invention relates to improvements to power operated ratchet wrenches of the type generally described in our earlier International Patent Application No. PCT/AU 91/00005.
  • power operated ratchet wrenches having:- a drive member configured for non-rotatable engagement with a member to be rotated and an external surface provided with circumferentially spaced pawl abutments; oscillatory translation means for translating drive from a rotary drive shaft to the drive member and including a driving pawl co ⁇ operating with the pawl abutments; an external housing assembly enclosing the oscillatory translation means and rotary drive shaft therefor and comprising opposed housing portions each having a web part which is apertured to rotatably accommodate a respective bearing land formed at opposite sides of the drive means and which axially constrain the drive means therebetween.
  • Such power tools are advantageously used in many situations where rapid and continuous rotation of fasteners is required and may be operated by electric, pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical means. These tools are self-locking and thus nuts, bolts and like fasteners may be readily tightened or loosened and operated manually to apply a required torque which may exceed the torque available by power operation. Accordingly it is important that such tools be robust and able to withstand the normal rigors to which conventional hand tools are subjected.
  • This invention aims to provide power operated wrenches of the type described which will alleviate at least one of the abovementioned disadvantages and which will be reliable and efficient in use.
  • each housing portion includes a drive shaf supporting portion which is substantially channel shaped in section and the channel shaped portions of the housing are separable along a plane substantially coincident with the axis of the rotary drive shaft and wherein:- the rotary drive shaft is supported by axially spaced bearing shells having opposed external protrusions held captive within recesses opening to the mating face of at least one housing portion.
  • the protrusions may be fully accommodated in recesses formed in one housing portion and b held captive therein by a flat mating surface of the other housing portion.
  • the protrusions are eac partially accommodated in respective complementary recesses formed in the opposed housing portions.
  • the bearing shells may have a polygonal outer form so as to provide a plurality of opposed protrusions but preferably the opposed protrusion are in the form of opposed external ribs formed on the bearing shells.
  • the ribs locate substantially without play within the complementary recesses whereby they locate the opposed housing portions with respec to one another such that simple through fastenings, such as screws or bolts, may be utilised to hold the opposed housing portions together.
  • th ribs are substantially rectangular.
  • One of the shells may have a thrust face formed at one end thereof and be adapted to co-operate with a collar on the drive shaft to provide axial location for the drive shaft.
  • this assembly technique may be used in other two part bearing housings.
  • the opposed housing portions are suitably secured together by fastenings passing therethrough, through body portions which extend fully between the mating faces and the outer surfaces of the opposed housing portions and preferably located at opposite sides of bearing shell adjacent the oscillatory drive means.
  • the opposed housing portions be formed as substantially identical housing blanks having finished mating surfaces and recesses for accommodating the protrusions on the bearing shells such that further accurate machining of the blanks is not required for assembly of the housing parts and location of the drive shaft.
  • the opposed housing blanks and the bearing shells are formed by powder metallurgy techniques and suitably the bearing shells are formed as self lubricating shells.
  • the internal recesses for accommodating the oscillatory drive means and providing clearance about the drive shaft are suitably machined from the housing blank.
  • this invention resides broadly in a power driven wrench assembly of the type described wherein the housing assembly supports a ratchet pawl co-operating with the spaced abutments and supported by the external housing assembly independent of the oscillatory translation means whereby the ratchet pawl will lock with a respective abutment on the drive member to transfer drive loads applied manually to the wrench housing directly to the drive member. This removes such loads from the power drive train.
  • the oscillatory translation means is of the type including an oscillatory member having a part- cylindrical head band which pivotally locates the oscillatory member about the drive member and a base part supporting the pawl and providing a drive recess for an orbital drive member.
  • the opposed edge portions of the head band and base part form continuous ring portions about the drive member and the driving pawl and the ratchet pawl access the pawl abutments through respective through passages in the oscillatory member disposed between the opposed continuous ring portions.
  • each housing portion has internal steps positioned to hold the ratchet pawl in operative alignment with the respective through passage in the oscillatory drive member. It is also preferred that the steps support a pivot pin about which the ratchet pawl oscillates, at least in the direction of the load applied through manual operation of the wrench.
  • the pivot pin is located in the housing portions outwardly of the steps.
  • the pivot pin may have stepped end portions for positive location within apertures formed through the housing portions or alternatively the apertures may be blind apertures opening into the respective housing portions.
  • the drive member is an open socket member whereby either open end may be engaged with a fastener whereby a fastener driven thereby may be rotated in either direction even though the open socket member may be rotated in one direction only relative to the external housing assembly.
  • the housing could include an angled head portion if desired, angled through the engagement between the orbital drive member and the oscillatory member, to facilitate access to fasteners in certain situations.
  • this invention resides broadly in a power wrench assembly of the type described wherein the drive member is an open socket drive member having a polygonal internal surface and a drive socket engaged within said open socket and provided with a radial collar extending outwardly beyond the polygonal surface.
  • the drive socket may extend axially outwardly beyond the radial collar or it may be contained substantially wholly within the confines of the drive member.
  • the drive socket may include a pivotable drive mounting located within the drive socket either within or externally of the confines of the open drive socket.
  • the pivotal drive mounting may support a further socket or a drive in the form of a square or a hex drive bar which may be of conventional form.
  • this invention resides broadly in a power wrench assembly having drive member adapted for driving a fastener or the like and supported within an external housing assembly supporting drive means for rotating the drive member and wherein the housing assembly supports a ratchet pawl co-operating with spaced abutments on said drive member and supported by the external housing assembly whereby the ratchet pawl will lock with a respective abutment on the drive member to transfer drive loads applied manually to the wrench housing directly to the drive member.
  • the drive means may be of any suitable form such as a spur or bevel gear drive, a fluid drive, a belt drive or a ratchet drive.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a wrench according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the wrench
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a further socket member for use with the wrench.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a ratchet wrench 7 having opposed substantially identical housing portions 10a, 10b which may be separated along a medial plane at right angles to the axis 11 of the drive member 12 which is in the form of an open drive socket.
  • the housing 10 is flat sided with the flat side walls or flanges 9 extending substantially parallel to one another and to their planar mating faces 8.
  • Each housing portion comprises a head portion 13, tail portion 14, and stem portion 15.
  • Each head portion 13 is formed with an internal recess 16 provided with a circular opening 17 disposed with its axis at right angles to the side flanges 9.
  • the stem portion 15 includes an internal bore 18 spaced from a drive shaft 19 extending substantially radially of the open socket member 12 and between the internal recess 16 and the tail portion 14.
  • the recess 16 houses an oscillatory member 20 which translates drive from the drive shaft 19 to the open socket member 12.
  • the oscillatory member 20 includes a cylindrical head band 23, defining a circular chamber which locates rotatably about the open socket member 12, and a rearwardly tapered base part 21 formed with a rearwardly opening part- cylindrical drive recess 22 into which a complementary part- spherical drive member 28 extends.
  • the drive member 28 is provided with an axial bore whereby it locates rotatably on the drive pin 29 formed integrally with the drive shaft 19 and offset to the axis thereof.
  • the base part 21 also provides a pawl mounting passage 30 located between opposed continuous ring portions 31 which opens inwardly into the circular chamber formed by the head band 23.
  • a drive pawl 32 is pivotally located in the passage 30 and biassed by spring 33 into engagement with the pawl abutments or ratchet teeth 26 formed about the outer surface of the open socket member 12.
  • the drive pawl 32 pivots on a pin 34 located in apertures 35 in the rear side flanges 36 of the base part 21 and the teeth 26 extend between bearing lands 27a and 27b formed at opposite ends of the open socket member 12 whereby the open socket member 12 is supported for rotation by the housing portions 10a, 10b and restrained against axial movement between the opposed flanges 9.
  • the housing 10 is provided with locating apertures 38 for a pivot pin 39 about which a ratchet pawl 40 pivots.
  • the ratchet pawl 40 extends through a further access passage 41, formed in the base part 21 between the opposed ring portion 31, to engage the ratchet teeth 26.
  • the ratchet pawl 40 wi lock with a respective tooth 26 to transfer drive loads applied manually to the wrench housing directly to the driv member and prevent the applied load being transferred to th drive member 28 and its supporting pin 29 which is maintain relatively small in order to achieve a compact wrench.
  • the internal face of the housing portions 10a and 10b are stepp inwardly at 45, as illustrated, to provide part-circular saddles 46 extending inwardly from the respective apertures 38 and co-operating with outer face portions of the pin 39 which are loaded in reaction to pawl loads.
  • the oscillator member 20 which is cut-away to accommodate the ratchet pawl 40. However the cut-away is minimised as the saddles 46 extend into the zone of the oscillatory member 20 thereby enabling the internal recess in the zone of the oscillatory member 20 to extend to the supported pin 39.
  • Suitable biassing means are provided to bias the ratchet pawl into engagement with the ratchet teeth 26, such as the torsion spring 47.
  • the oscillatory member 20 with drive pawl 32 in place may be engaged about the open socket member 12 and placed in one housing portion 10.
  • the ratchet pawl 40 may then be pinned in position in the housing portion 10 an the assembly captured by locating the other housing portion in place.
  • assembly of the translation and ratchet mechanism is relatively simple.
  • the drive shaft 19 is supported for rotation at its outer end adjacent the drive pin 29, by a needle roller bearing 49 supported within an associated bearing shell 50, while the inner end of the drive shaft 19 is supported directly by the bearing shell 52.
  • Each shell and 52 is formed as a self-lubricating sintered bearing.
  • Each shell 50 and 52 is also provided with diametrically opposed ribs 53 which taper away from the shell and which are accurately located within complementary recesses 54 formed in the opposed housing portions 10a and 10b.
  • the ribs 53 locate substantially without play within the complementary recesses 54 whereby they act to operatively locate the opposed housing portions with respect to one another and whereby simple through fastenings 55 are utilised to hold the opposed housing portions 10a and 10b together.
  • the ends of the ribs extend at right angles to the drive shaft axis.
  • the shell 50 has a thrust face formed at one end thereof which co-operates with a collar 56 on the outer end of the drive shaft 19 to provide axial location for the drive shaft.
  • the opposed housing portions 10a and 10b are formed from identical housing blanks formed accurately by powder metallurgy techniques and have finished mating surfaces 8 and flanges 9 and recesses 54 for accommodating the ribs on the bearing shells 50 and 52.
  • the blanks are machined to form an internal bore 18 which is clear of the drive shaft 19 and to form the internal recess 16 and steps 45 and requisite apertures.
  • the housing portions 10a and 10b are secured together by screws 55. These pass through side sections of the housing portions which are solid from face to face.
  • the tail portion 14 is an open ended spigot 60 surrounding the squared end portion 61 of the drive shaft 19 and is adapted to engage releasably in a convention trigger operated air drive assembly.
  • the internal opening 25 of open socket member 12 is hexagonal in section to allow it to engage with fastening elements having an hexagonal head. Furthermore it may engag with reducer inserts for driving fasteners having smaller heads.
  • the open socket member 12 is similar in dimension to the ring portion of a conventional ring spanner and that the increase in size of the wrench beyond the open socket member 12 results from small combined radial thickness of the head band 23 and the flanged end part 62. Notwithstanding this the wrench 10 will be relatively robust as the head portion of each housing section 10a and 10b is a channel section which is relatively stiff and able to resist bending loads applied parallel to the axis of the open socket member 12 while the full width side flanges formed integrally with the webs are able to resist torque loads which may be manually applied thereto.
  • the load from the open socket member 12 will be transferred directly to the housing 10 by the ratchet pawl 40 through the relatively small pivot pin 39, which is restrained whereby its bending loads are minimal and as such will provide reliable service. Furthermore the opposed ring portions 31 of oscillatory member will ensure that it remains dimensionally stable, maintaining the drive pawl 32 fully engaged with the ratchet teeth 26 under load.
  • the housing portions 10 are also formed with external complementary reliefs 63 at the base of the head portion 13 which form guide channels along which a clip 64 may slide from an engaged position at which its leading end 65 overlies the internal opening 25 to a retracted position at which the leading end 65 is spaced rearwardly thereof. In its operative position, the clip 64 prevents the wrench from engaging with a bolt beyond the head thereof. Serrations 66 provided on each flange 9 are engaged by downturned portions 67 of the clip and maintain the clip 64 in its selected position. Such clips 64 may be provided at each side of the wrench 10 if desired. Washers 68 at each side of the socket member 12 provide a frictional restraint of the open socket member 12 and form seals against ingress of foreign matter into the wrench. As illustrated in Fig.
  • the wrench 7 has concealed internal drive components and is adapted for direct engagement of the socket with a hexagon nut or bolt head or the like or with smaller hexagon drive shapes by the use of shell-like adaptor 70.
  • the slide clip 64 may be slid outwardly to overlie the socket 25 to limit passage of a bolt head or nut therethroug to a fully engaged position.
  • Each adaptor 70 has a radially flanged end 71 which prevents passage of the adaptor 70 through the socket 25 and an internal configuration 73 forming the reduced drive socket.
  • a further socket adaptor 74 is illustrated in Fig. 3. Additionally the adaptors may provide a socket which supports a conventional square or hexagonal drive spigot or pivotable drive for a tandem socket which may be fixedly or interchangeably engaged therewith.

Abstract

Clé à entraînement (7) comportant un système à cliquet comprenant un arbre d'entraînement (19) monté entre des parties opposées (10) d'un boîtier, ces parties étant aptes à se séparer au niveau de faces d'accouplement coïncidant sensiblement avec l'axe de l'arbre d'entraînement (19). L'arbre d'entraînement est porté par des douilles palier (50 et 52) espacées l'une de l'autre dans le sens axial et dotées de nervures externes opposées (53) bloquées dans des évidements (54) tournés vers les faces d'accouplement desdites parties (10) du boîtier. Ces douilles (50 et 52) assurent le positionnement desdites parties (10) l'une par rapport à l'autre, et portent l'arbre d'entraînement (19) de façon qu'il est écarté de celles-ci. L'arbre (19) présente un ergot d'entraînement décentré (29) apte à tourner dans une fente prévue dans un élément oscillant d'entraînement à cliquet (20) de manière à faire osciller et tourner une douille ouverte (12) par action sur des dents d'encliquetage (26) de la surface externe de ladite douille ouverte (12). Un autre cliquet (40) entre en prise avec les dents (26) et est porté par le boîtier (10) de sorte que le cliquet (40) se bloque dans les dents (26) et qu'il transmette directement à l'élément d'entraînement (12) les efforts d'entraînement appliqués manuellement au boîtier (10) de la clé.
PCT/AU1993/000668 1992-12-21 1993-12-21 Cle a cliquet a entrainement WO1994014574A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU56896/94A AU5689694A (en) 1992-12-21 1993-12-21 Power driven ratchet wrench

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPL643992 1992-12-21
AUPL6439 1992-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994014574A1 true WO1994014574A1 (fr) 1994-07-07

Family

ID=3776607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1993/000668 WO1994014574A1 (fr) 1992-12-21 1993-12-21 Cle a cliquet a entrainement

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1994014574A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5647252A (en) * 1994-09-08 1997-07-15 Miner; Montie H. Reversible ratchets
EP0916456A2 (fr) * 1995-12-19 1999-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Outil à main électrique
GB2387345A (en) * 2002-04-13 2003-10-15 Cristian Beswick Powered spanner
WO2008001028A1 (fr) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Bournemouth University Adapteur d'outil
CH701403A1 (de) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-14 Josef Baettig Ratschenschlüssel mit Drehmomentverstärkung.
USD906070S1 (en) 2019-01-25 2020-12-29 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Powered ratchet

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3529498A (en) * 1969-02-05 1970-09-22 Oren V Northcutt Power wrench
DE2920818A1 (de) * 1979-05-23 1980-12-04 Daimler Benz Ag Anlaufscheibe fuer kurbelwellenpasslager, insbesondere solche fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4346630A (en) * 1979-12-17 1982-08-31 Rodac Pneumatic Tools Ratchet wrench
US4869138A (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-09-26 Farris Jim L New and improved ratchet tool with rotatable rotor lock and rigid shifter finger
US4967624A (en) * 1990-03-28 1990-11-06 Jim Farris Locking for ratchet tool
WO1991010540A1 (fr) * 1990-01-09 1991-07-25 Matricbrook Pty. Ltd. Outil mecanique

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3529498A (en) * 1969-02-05 1970-09-22 Oren V Northcutt Power wrench
DE2920818A1 (de) * 1979-05-23 1980-12-04 Daimler Benz Ag Anlaufscheibe fuer kurbelwellenpasslager, insbesondere solche fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4346630A (en) * 1979-12-17 1982-08-31 Rodac Pneumatic Tools Ratchet wrench
US4869138A (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-09-26 Farris Jim L New and improved ratchet tool with rotatable rotor lock and rigid shifter finger
WO1991010540A1 (fr) * 1990-01-09 1991-07-25 Matricbrook Pty. Ltd. Outil mecanique
US4967624A (en) * 1990-03-28 1990-11-06 Jim Farris Locking for ratchet tool

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5647252A (en) * 1994-09-08 1997-07-15 Miner; Montie H. Reversible ratchets
EP0916456A2 (fr) * 1995-12-19 1999-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Outil à main électrique
EP0916456A3 (fr) * 1995-12-19 2002-09-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Outil à main électrique
GB2387345A (en) * 2002-04-13 2003-10-15 Cristian Beswick Powered spanner
WO2008001028A1 (fr) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Bournemouth University Adapteur d'outil
CH701403A1 (de) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-14 Josef Baettig Ratschenschlüssel mit Drehmomentverstärkung.
EP2269772A3 (fr) * 2009-07-03 2014-03-05 Josef Bättig Clé à grincement doté d'un renforcement du couple
USD906070S1 (en) 2019-01-25 2020-12-29 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Powered ratchet

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