Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
  • B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
  • B65D88/165—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC] with electrically conductive properties

Definitions

• the invention relates to a bulk goods container, in particular a flexible bulk container (FIBC), which is essentially made from a fabric of high-strength plastic threads or tapes.
• FIBC flexible bulk container
• Bulk goods containers of the type described are used for a wide variety of bulk goods. They are manufactured, for example, from polypropylene ribbon fabric. Other olefins or mixed olefin polymers are also used.
• polyolefins in particular polypropylene
• polypropylene are susceptible to the UV component of sunlight.
• the plastic changes due to UV radiation; the fabric gradually loses strength and can tear under normal use. If such a bulk container with reduced strength is raised, the tissue tears and the container empties. It has also happened that the loops come loose from the fabric and the bulk container falls from the lifting device. If such damage occurs, it is often very difficult to determine whether the damage was caused by overloading or material degradation due to UV radiation.
• the question of whether the damage is only caused by UV radiation remains open was influenced or whether chemical reactions of the bulk material have caused a change in the tissue.
• the invention is based on the object of making the loading of a bulk goods container of the type mentioned at the outset easy and reliable by exposure to light, in particular UV radiation, in order to make as precise a statement as possible about the amount of radiation that has acted Has.
• the global radiation encompasses the wavelength range from approximately 290-1400 nm, the proportion of long-wave radiation in the IR region (780-1400 nm) is approximately 53%, the visible region (400-780 nm) provides approximately 43% and the UV component (290 - 400 nm) only about 4 - 6% of the total global radiation.
• the radiation energy is measured with a pyrheliometer. The energy is given in joules.
• the Langley unit is still generally used, in particular in Kilo-Langley.
• 1 kilo-Langley - kLy - corresponds to the solar radiation of 1 kCal / cm 2 .
• the intensity is generally given in kLy per year.
• Weather maps show that e.g. B. In Central Europe there is sunshine of about 1000 kLy per year. In areas of America and Africa, over 220 kLy are measured annually.
• the bulk container carries at least one indicator element at a point which is exposed to the sun, and that the indicator element reproducibly sees or measurable changes in properties according to the solar radiation acting on the tissue.
• the indicator element can be a fabric, a film, a nonwoven or a layer which, in the case of defined solar radiation, has at least one of its physical properties, e.g. B. their Festig ⁇ speed or color, measurable and reproducible changes.
• small flags made of polyethylene with white pigment e.g. B. TiO and used as an indicator element.
• Laboratory tests can empirically determine the service life of such indicator elements, so that after a certain time of irradiation, simple strain measurements can be used to determine what stability the indicator element still has after a certain time of use.
• the indicator elements used can therefore provide information about the intensity of radiation which has already acted on the bag, so that a decision can be made immediately on the spot for the further usability or the further use of the bulk goods container.
• indicator elements into the fabric, with particular reference being made to indicator elements that become characteristic over time discolor.
• Dyes are known which cause discoloration or discoloration due to solar radiation and can therefore also be used as cumulative measurement indicators.
• the fabric yarn of the bulk goods container is usually equipped with suitable UV stabilizers or UV absorbers, which are used as light stabilizers both for improving the light resistance and as sun protection agents.
• suitable UV stabilizers or UV absorbers which are used as light stabilizers both for improving the light resistance and as sun protection agents.
• UV stabilizers or UV absorbers There are various chemotechnical possibilities here (cf. article UV absorber in R ⁇ MPP, chemical lexicon), some of which can also be used in mixed form and in many cases are a manufacturing secret.
• a color indicator which changes color in the case of defined solar radiation.
• a color indicator can e.g. B. be partially introduced in a white tissue.
• the amount of accumulated solar radiation can be determined with a used FIBC if an indicator is available.
• indicator elements combined with characteristic threads counteract a certain stability. to hint at sun exposure, for example
• the points are equipped with an indicator which are both most exposed to the sun's rays and which may be subject to the greatest loads. This gives you a statement that is of the greatest importance for practical use.
• the Q indicator element indicates that a certain residual strength of the original strength is still present in the fabric, in the carrying loops or in the sewing thread after a certain amount of solar radiation.
• the fabric is made of plastic threads as polyolefins, since these plastics enable an inexpensive and relatively inexpensive fabric.
• the plastic threads can also be electrical conductive threads are woven. In this way, charges are safely derived when filling, transporting and emptying the bulk container.
• These conductive threads are advantageously made of polypropylene in the base substance and can be produced, for example, according to EP 298 767 A3. Because both the non-conductive and the conductive threads of the fabric are made of the same basic substance, the indicator element essentially indicates the condition of the entire fabric used.
• an indicator for the detection of UV-B radiation is known (DE 92 05 575 Ul). It consists of a receptor made of phototropic material and a filter which is selectively transparent to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 280 nm to 315 nm and above about 500 nm. The filter is placed over the material.
• this indicator embodiment cannot be used for the purpose presented here.
• FIG. 1 shows a bulk goods container with indicator elements in a perspective schematic representation
• FIG. 2 shows a fabric structure of the fabric used to manufacture a bulk goods container according to FIG. 1, with individual threads used as indicator elements.
• a bulk container 1 a so-called FIBC, is shown. It consists of a carrying bag 5, which is provided with lifting loops 7 and 7 'at the top. In its lid area 10, the carrying bag 5 has a filler neck 8, in its bottom area 11 an outlet neck 9.
• the carrier bag is made of a high-strength fabric 2
• Plastic threads 3 are produced, in which electrically conductive threads 3 'are woven in. These electrically conductive threads 3 'consist of a polyolefin made electrically weakly conductive by the addition of carbon black, preferably polypropylene, as can be produced, for example, according to EP 208 767 A3. As a result of the weaving in, the mesh is interspersed with a grid of intersecting, electrically conductive threads, via which, with appropriate grounding, the static electricity which arises when the bulk material containers are used, in particular when filling or emptying, can be dissipated.
• This bulk goods container 1 is exposed to the sun's radiation, which is measured in kLy.
• the threads of fabric 2 are usually equipped with suitable UV stabilizers. In this way, a UV resistance of 150 kLy is achieved until the strength has dropped to 50% of the original value.
• the outlet nozzle 9, the inlet nozzle 8 and the lid area 10 a UV resistance of 80 kLy is common and required.
• indicator elements 4, 4 'or 4 " are attached to important informative points on the bulk material container.
• An indicator element 4 is preferably attached in the collar area. Wei ⁇ furthermore, it is possible to attach indicator elements 4 ", 4" in the lid area or on the lifting loops 7 and 7 'and on the side surfaces 12 and 12 ".
• the indicator elements 4, 4 'and 4 can be designed as color change indicators or else as flags sewn on both ends, which can easily be cut for examination.
• color indicator elements in the form of ribbons or threads can also be woven into the container fabric, whereby they are easily recognizable within an otherwise white fabric (reference number 40).
• the fabric 2 itself as can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, consists of UV-resistant plastic threads 3 into which conductive (dark) threads 3 'are woven at certain intervals.
• Indicator elements 40 in the form of colored threads can also be seen.
• the indicator elements 4, 4 1 and 4 "or 40 can provide information about the sun exposure by a change or color reaction, since at least one of their physical properties, e.g. their strength or color, can be measured. and has changed reproducibly.
• indicators 4, 4 'and 4 made of a piece of tissue, film, fleece or coated material which has an empirically set, defined UV stability and, for example, with an irradiation of 50, 100 or 150 kLy breaks, crumbles or becomes brittle. Such used material can then already be recognized by visual inspection as no longer provided with sufficient strength.
• FIBC "second hand" FIBC cannot be seen which UV radiation has affected it.
• the user and buyer of the container should be informed in good time when replacement of the container is necessary.
• the indicator ensures that not only the pure time factor plays a role, but also the radiation as the main element that determines aging. Therefore, a container can usually be used longer than before because it is not taken out of service prematurely for safety reasons.
• improper filling conditions for example with non-approved filling goods in the event of damage, can be attributed to the behavior of the transporter, since the indicator elements indicate that damage to the sun which has caused damage has not hitherto been observed.

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6887255

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (5)

Citations (2)

• 1992
  • 1992-12-17 DE DE9217248U patent/DE9217248U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1993
  • 1993-12-16 DE DE59305880T patent/DE59305880D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-12-16 ES ES94903804T patent/ES2101497T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-12-16 WO PCT/EP1993/003575 patent/WO1994013559A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1993-12-16 EP EP94903804A patent/EP0625951B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-12-16 AT AT94903804T patent/ATE150416T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-12-16 DK DK94903804.6T patent/DK0625951T3/da active
• 1994
  • 1994-08-15 NO NO943013A patent/NO943013D0/no unknown

Patent Citations (2)

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