Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
  • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
  • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F1/00—Springs
  • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
  • F16F1/3605—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by their material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
  • F16F9/30—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium
  • F16F9/306—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium of the constrained layer type, i.e. comprising one or more constrained viscoelastic layers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
  • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
  • B32B2305/022—Foam
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
  • B32B2307/102—Insulating

Definitions

• the invention relates to a composite sound damping lining, intended to be fixed to a structure to be treated, emitting or transmitting sounds or noises, and more generally vibrations.
• structure to be treated any structure liable to vibrate, and in particular to emit or transmit sounds, for different causes, such as: - engine support, and the structure is for example an automobile body or the carcass of a domestic appliance or industrial machine
• the structure is for example a construction for residential, professional or industrial use.
• the present invention is concerned with linings comprising a plate of rigid material, for example metal, the face of which intended to come against the structure to be treated is covered by a plastic layer of a visco-elastic material and optionally intrinsically adhesive, by example a synthetic rubber.
• the subject of the invention is a gasket as defined above, capable of damping the vibrations it receives from the structure on which it is fixed, by periodic shear stress on the plate relative to the plastic layer.
• the invention relates to a filling as defined above, but which can be implemented, in particular shaped and cut, in the manner of a putty in a thin layer.
• the invention also relates to a lining, capable of being used or implemented in all kinds of industrial or manufacturing conditions of the structure on which it is applied, while preserving its essential functions, and in particular sound damping. , and this in an interval of relatively large temperatures.
• the lining according to the present invention combines the following two characteristics, namely:
• the rigid plate consists of at least one flexible metal sheet whose thickness is at most equal to 5/10 mm, and is less than the thickness of the plastic layer
• the viscoelastic and elastic material of the lining has the consistency of a putty and is formulated, according to the usual practices of those skilled in the art, to obtain and combine the following properties, in the same temperature range , i.e. from about -40 ° C to about + 60 ° C:
• a sound or acoustic damping power in db / s, per m 2 and for 1 kg of lining, at least equal to 10, and preferably at least equal to 60
• an adhesive power expressed by the tensile force necessary for peeling the lining, relative to its support, at least equal to 40 N / dm.
• preserving its physicochemical integrity is meant the fact that, on the one hand, the constituent materials do not chemically denature, and, on the other hand, the physico-chemical structure or arrangement of the material is essentially maintained.
• the technician of plastic materials, and in particular of rubbers is able to formulate, that is to say retain different components and combine them in different proportions, to result in the above-mentioned temperature range at each of the properties identified above.
• the term "peeling" of the lining means any delamination of the lining, leaving material remaining visco-elastic, on one side on the support, and on the other side on the metal blade.
• a visco-elastic material such as retained by the present invention mainly comprises by weight, and without load, polyisobutylene. This is how a material according to
• the invention may comprise in percentage by weight:
• the balance of the weight composition consisting of at least any one of the following compounds, namely an antioxidant, a pigment and an adjuvant.
• tackifying resin is meant any component or adjuvant conferring an adhesive power on the visco-elastic material, or increasing its adhesive power.
• a filling according to the present invention also provides the following determining advantages: - great flexibility, even at relatively low temperature, unlike traditional fillings which become brittle from 5 ° C; this makes it possible to closely match all kinds of structures to be treated with a liner of the invention - significant adhesive power, apart from any bonding layer, whatever its temperature of processing or use
• the visco-elastic material according to the invention can be formulated to preserve its physicochemical integrity up to at least 220 ° C.
• An important advantage of the lining according to the invention is that, in the recovery phase of the structure carrying it, the organic components of the lining are pyrolyzed at around 450 ° C., without generating pollution, and allow recycling of the metallic products entering in its composition.
• the present invention also includes the following embodiments.
• the plastic layer is covered, on its face opposite to the metal sheet, by a flexible bonding layer, capable of marrying the external shape of the structure to be treated, but stiffenable after fixing the lining, and comprising a resin thermoplastic or thermosetting with a deformable frame.
• a flexible bonding layer capable of marrying the external shape of the structure to be treated, but stiffenable after fixing the lining, and comprising a resin thermoplastic or thermosetting with a deformable frame.
• the resin of the bonding layer is an epoxy resin, polyester, or any other resin capable of polymerizing for example.
• the bonding layer is flexible at the time of its implementation, that is to say of the fitting of the lining, in order to be able to match the shapes of the structure to be treated. Then, after fixing the lining, it is stiffened or hardened, for example by the action of heat, ionizing action or by ultraviolet radiation, in particular for polymerizing the thermosetting resin of the bonding layer.
• This tie layer belonging to the lining according to the invention, allows intimate contact of the latter with the treated structure, while strengthening the properties and mechanical strengths of said structure.
• the metal sheet for example of aluminum, is covered, on its face opposite to the plastic layer, by a sound absorption layer having a cellular structure, ie at when the lining is attached to the treated structure, or can be obtained after this attachment.
• the absorption layer consists of a synthetic rubber comprising swelling and crosslinking agents, capable of expanding this absorption layer by the action of heat, or of radiation.
• the expansion phase, with crosslinking of the material of the absorption layer, can be carried out during a chosen phase of the manufacturing cycle of the structure to be protected.
• the sound absorption layer comprises, by way of example, predominantly by weight and without load, a halogenated, and in particular chlorinated, rubber.
• the sound absorption layer can comprise in weight percentage from 15 to 28% of a chlorinated rubber, from 10 to 25% of polyisobutylene, from 5 to 15% of a tackifying resin, and from 20 to 40% of a filler, the balance of the weight composition consisting of at least any one of the following compounds, namely a crosslinking agent, and a swelling agent.
• the two embodiments of the invention, previously described, can be combined, to obtain a lining comprising, on one side a sound absorption layer on the metal sheet, and on the other side a bonding layer on the plastic layer. Such a lining ensures at the same time the absorption of vibrations, the stiffening and soundproofing of the treated structure.
• Figures 1 to 3 are partial cross-sectional views showing three embodiments of the lining according to the invention when it is placed on the wall of a structure.
• FIG. 4 is a partial view in cross section showing the lining of FIG. 3 after expansion of the sound absorption layer
• Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the lining ensuring the functions of damping, stiffening and soundproofing.
• Figure 6 illustrates the intrinsic performance of a visco-elastic material according to the invention, for temperatures between -40 ° C and + 70 ° C; on the abscissa are the reduced frequencies of stress of the material, in Hz, and on a logarithmic scale, and on the ordinate the damping power expressed in N / m 2 , also on a logarithmic scale; the test sample has a height of 11 mm and a diameter of 1 mm.
• the lining is intended to provide only an anti-vibration damping function. It is composed of a metal sheet 2, that is to say of a material having a strong Young's modulus, the thickness of which does not exceed 5/10 mm, and of a plastic layer 3 of visco-elastic and intrinsically adhesive material, for example a synthetic rubber, crosslinked or not.
• the metal sheet 2 made of steel, aluminum or other, is chosen according to the depreciation conditions, the environment or the support or structure to be treated 4, on which the lining must be fixed.
• the sheet 2 can have a thickness ranging from a few micrometers to five tenths of a millimeter.
• the plastic layer 3 has a thickness which varies, depending on the characteristics sought, and which can range from a few tenths of a millimeter to ten or twenty millimeters. It is characterized by a low Young's modulus, a strong adhesive character, and an interval of glass transition temperatures around the ambient temperature in which the structure evolves to receive the lining and, for example, around 60 ° C.
• This plastic layer 3 comprises a visco-elastic material, having the consistency of a putty, and having the various properties set out in the preamble to the present description.
• This sealant is for example based on synthetic rubber, of the butyl rubber, polyisobutylene, polychloroprene, EPDM, nitrile or other equivalent products, well known to those skilled in the art.
• a formulation of this putty comprises:
• the filler is talc, calcium carbonate or any other product known to those skilled in the art.
• the viscoelastic materials according to the invention generally have the damping characteristics shown in FIG. 6, which shows their relatively low sensitivity to temperature.
• the putty 3 can have a high adhesive power over a temperature range from -40 ° C to 220 ° C, which makes it unnecessary to use any other adhesive means to ensure its fixation, on the one hand, on the metal sheet 2, on the other hand, on the support 4.
• Figure 1 shows that, to facilitate the storage of the lining, its face 3a, which will be used for the bonding of the lining on the support 4, is covered by a removable film 5, of non-stick material, such as silicone or other.
• This lining is supplied in coils or rolls of strips, cut to length, or in the form of pieces cut to the particular shape of the support on which it is to be fixed. It is very easily put in place by removing the protective film 5 and plating the lining on the face of the support 4, that is to say on the face of the body sheet, carcass or structure to be treated.
• the breaking or rolling force of the lining is around 4 decanewtons / dm 2 .
• This table shows the very good damping power of the complex formed by the lining according to the invention.
• the previously defined composite lining has excellent resistance to diluted acids and bases and that the nature of its components does not provide any pollution of the treatment baths, or of the cataphoretic paint baths, which makes it possible to place it on the structures before these treatments, or before any painting operation.
• the metal sheet 2 effectively protects the sealant 3 against solvents which could be sprayed during the construction operations of the structure.
• the packing has good resistance to aging, salt spray, and excellent temperature resistance. At low temperatures, and thanks to its base of butyl rubber and polyisobutylene, the putty remains flexible and non-brittle, even at extreme temperatures. Furthermore, its adhesive power is not affected by temperature.
• This vibration damping pad can be applied to any support having a temperature above 0 ° C. Indeed, for lower temperatures, it is necessary to ensure that the support is free of ice or frost which can affect the bond by adhesion. Above 35 ° C, immediate adhesion makes repositioning difficult in the event of poor positioning.
• the application of the filling on the support can be followed by a masking, carried out using a roller or a spatula.
• the packing does not contain bitumen, solvents or dangerous products. It does not require any precautions for use and storage and is not subject to the regulations on hazardous materials.
• the lining with vibration damping function designated by the general reference V is combined with a bonding layer designated by the general reference R ensuring the stiffening of the support 4 on which the lining is fixed.
• This layer which is applied against the underside 3a of the lining, is composed of a substrate 6, based on epoxy resin or polyester resin, deposited on a frame 7, such as a glass mat, a sheet not woven, a metallic or composite support.
• the armature 7 and the substrate 6 are flexible and deformable, so as to be able to perfectly match the variations in shape and the surface condition of the face 4a against which they will be placed, after removal of a protective film 5a.
• the substrate 6 is subjected to a hardening which ensures the stiffening of the support 4 on which it is arranged, without however affecting the faculties of vibration damping of the other part of the garnish.
• the heat polymerization can be replaced by an ionizing action, by a chemical reaction, or by ultra violet radiation, depending on the characteristics of the substrate used, the conditions of manufacture of the structure, and the time of l application of the filling on this structure.
• the incorporation of a layer of connection in the lining forms an assembly having a density of the order of 1.5, making it possible, for reduced overweight, to considerably reduce the thickness and weight of the support and in particular of the sheet, when it is a question of 'a body element, while improving rigidity and suppressing the vibrations of this structure.
• the shock absorbing lining V is associated with a sound absorption layer designated by the reference I and composed, itself, by a matrix 8 based on non-crosslinked synthetic rubber.
• Layer I is disposed against the face 2b of the metal sheet 2 of the lining, that is to say against the face which is turned away from the face 4a of the support which is to receive this lining.
• the formulation of matrix 8 includes:
• the matrix 8 is applied, without any other adhesive element, directly to the face 2b of the sheet 2, regardless of the nature of the metallic material constituting this sheet.
• FIG. 3 shows that the sound absorption layer I is integral with the lining V which, as described above, can be supplied in the form of rolls or coils, or in the form of precut plates, the adherent face 3a is protected by a film 5. Thanks to this structure whose thickness varies in relation to the damping and soundproofing functions sought, the lining can be put in place very early in the manufacturing process of the treated structure, as close as possible to the sources of noise emission, but also in areas which, during manufacture, can be completely closed, for example by installing panels or other elements of the body structure, carcass, etc.
• the matrix 8 can be immediately expanded.
• this expansion can be carried out later, during the manufacturing process of the bodywork, carcass, or structure, either by local temperature rise or by radiation, ionizing or ultra violet.
• the lining has the shape shown in FIG. 4 and comprises, in the direction of the sound emission source, a sound absorption foam 8a which provides excellent soundproofing.
• the lining according to the invention when the lining according to the invention is arranged on a bodywork element, during a cycle arranged upstream of the paint cycle by soaking this bodywork, the soaking does not in any way affect the characteristics of soundproofing, since it is followed by a drying phase by passage through a tunnel where the heat, or ultra violet lamps, cause the drying of the paint, but also the expansion and crosslinking of the matrix 8. This expansion of the matrix fragments and flakes off the layer of paint previously deposited on layer I and gradually eliminates these flakes of paint to completely release the foam obtained.
• the lining according to the invention comprises, in combination, the structure V ensuring the vibration damping function, the bonding layer R ensuring the stiffening of the support on which it is deposited, and finally the sound absorption layer I ensuring soundproofing.
• This last layer can be expanded before or after application of the lining on the support 4.
• This multifunctional lining which is inexpensive to produce since it is obtained by extrusion and / coating on the metal sheet 2, is very easy to use, a a specific mass between 1 and 2, that is to say much less than the specific mass of common metals, has a reduced thickness compared to current linings ensuring only one function, and allows, by a simple implementation, considerably improve the qualities of the structure that it processes, and at the same time reduce the thickness of the sheets used to make this structure.
• the damping power is all the more important as the adhesive power of the visco-elastic material, or the adhesion of the lining on the treated structure is important
• a lining according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be opened, worked, cut like any traditional sheet material, consequently with usual materials or equipment. With regard to cutting, it is possible in particular to cut pieces of suitable dimensions, for example pellets, to fix them at precise locations in the treated structure, for example at the vibration nodes.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
• Golf Clubs (AREA)
• Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
• Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)
• Gasket Seals (AREA)
• Details Of Garments (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9435777

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (9)

Citations (9)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1992
  • 1992-11-17 FR FR9214016A patent/FR2698059B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-11-04 WO PCT/FR1993/001091 patent/WO1994011860A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1993-11-04 EP EP93924677A patent/EP0670074B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-11-04 AT AT93924677T patent/ATE140333T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-11-04 DE DE69303622T patent/DE69303622T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-11-04 AU AU54250/94A patent/AU5425094A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-11-04 ES ES93924677T patent/ES2089861T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-11-04 DK DK93924677.3T patent/DK0670074T3/da active
  • 1993-11-12 ZA ZA938479A patent/ZA938479B/xx unknown
  • 1993-11-16 TW TW082109570A patent/TW294629B/zh active
  • 1993-11-17 TR TR01065/93A patent/TR28266A/xx unknown
  • 1993-11-17 CN CN93114772A patent/CN1089555A/zh active Pending
• 1996
  • 1996-08-28 GR GR960402249T patent/GR3020886T3/el unknown

Patent Citations (9)

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