WO1994009094A1

WO1994009094A1 - A process for preparing emulsified fuel oil

Info

Publication number: WO1994009094A1
Application number: PCT/KR1992/000047
Authority: WO
Inventors: Won Jae Yim
Original assignee: Won Jae Yim
Priority date: 1992-10-09
Filing date: 1992-10-09
Publication date: 1994-04-28
Also published as: AU2751092A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a water-in-oil (W/O) type of emulsified fuel oil and in particular to a type of water-in-oil emulsified fuel oil to be prepared by firstly dispersing gelatin etc. in water to make an aqueous component and secondly dispersing the aqueous component in medium-quality oil for emulsification.

Description

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING EHOLSIFIED FUEL OH

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a water-in-oil (W/O) type of emulsified fuel oil, and in particular to a type of water-in-oil emulsified fuel oil to be prepared by firstly dispersing gelatin, etc. in water to make the aqueous component and secondly dispersing the aqueous component in medium-quality oil for emulsification.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR flRI Regarding oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil types of fuel oil quite a few prior arts are publicly known including the US Patents Nos. 3,958,915; 4,273,611; 4,382,802; 3,352,109; 3,490,237; and 4,084,940.

When producing such oil-in-water fuel oil with the use of surfactants as an emulsifier, however, it is generally known that the emulsification is relatively simple but the fuel oil produced this way has a setback that, while it is in store at its required temperature, a water droplet in the oil combines with others around it to create a larger water droplet, causing, as a consequnce, a separation into an aqueous layer and an oil layer. Due to this disadvantage, it is to be admitted, emulsion types of fuel oil is not as yet available for practical purposes with all the many studious researches on emulsified fuel oil that have continued so far.

Meanwhile, a Korean Patent Publication No. 84r257 relates to a process for preparing a water-in-oil type of fuel oil with the use of urine, but it has a serious problem of very bad odor because of its urinous component.

Thereupon, the inventor of the present invention, in an effort to solve these problems, has come up with a process for preparing a water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil using gelatin etc. as its emulsifier.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent and more economical emulsified fuel oil through dispersion of water in oil, which has better efficiency in combustion due to more water contents than in conventional emulsified fuel oils and which yet is not subject to a separation of the aqueous layers from the oil layers even when stored for a considerable length of time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVEffllON T e present invention relates to a process for preparing a water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil, characterized by producing an aqueous component through adding any one of gelatin, albumin, casein alkali salt, carboxy methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyvinyi alcohol, and polyacryl amide to water by 0.1 \ή_% to 3.0 wt% and by dispersing the aqueous component in medium-quality oil for emulsification. Gelatin being a type of derivative protein converted irreversibly to water soluble matter, its uses as an emulsifier in other fields of industry have been publicly known. In the present invention, the quantity of gelatin added to water depends upon the the quality of the medium-quality oil, the desired water contents in the emulsified fuel oil, and the anticipated length of storage period, but it generally is 0.1 wt% to 3.0 vt%. or more perferably 1.1 wt to 1.3 wt%, of the water used.

When dispersing gelatin some dispersant, lipophilic carbon (Carbon Black), soot, etc. can be added. Soot plays a role of precipitant which expedites precipitation of the colloidal particles. In the present invention any water in general use such as the normal tap water, industrial water, water from rivers or streams, etc. can be used. For the temperature of the aqueous component just a room temperature is adequate enough but it is quite all right if it is a little higher than that. The medium-quality oils used in the present invention can range from the lighter heavy oil to heavy oil, e.g. such medium-quality oils as the low-sulfur Bunker C oil and ordinary Bunker C oil to other mixed medium-quality oils. In the case of Bunker C oils, they are generally kept at 40 degrees C to 50 degrees C in the auxiliary tank and used in the burner after heated to around 70 degrees C. In the present invention waste oil may also be used. The medium-quality oil used for emulsification in the present invention may preferably be at a te pertature of 30 degrees C to 60 degrees C, but emulsification can be done, again, even if it be at somewhat higher or lower temperatures.

The water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil consists of more than 70 wt% of medium-quality oil and less than 30 wt% of aqueous component. When it is of composition of this proportion the combustion efficiency of the water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil is found good and free of the undesirable separation into the aqueous and oil layers when in storage for a considerable length of time. The size of the water particles of the aqueous component dispersed in the medium-quality oil is preferable to be 100 μ. in its diameter, even more preferably 10-30 jut . In dispersion for emulsifying the aqueous component in medium-quality oil an ordinary stirrer with a propeller or others can be used. The optimal speed of stirring is 50 rpm to 200 rpm, and the stirring should continue till the aqueous component is dispersed in micellar shape to turn colloid, but it does not take more than several minutes.

The chief characteristics of the water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil of the present invention are found in that the dispersal and emulsifying of water in the medium-quality oil is easy and simple; the separation of water is very rare even during storage for a long time; saving of the fuel due to the addition of water is remarkable; CO and SOx decrease due to the complete combustion made possible by the steam spray; and that production of NOx declines because the time the flame is kept at high temperatures is reduced.

The invention will be further clarified by the following examples, which are intented to be purely exemplary of the invention.

Example 1

After the uniformly dispersed mixed solution was made by addition of 20 grams of gelation to 1.8 liters of water, 200 ml of this mixed solution was taken and mixed with 60 liters of water, thus to produce the aqueous component. Then putting 200 liters of medium-quality oil at 40 degrees C into a stirrer equipped with a propeller-type device and then 60 liters of the aqueous component at 25 degrees C was added to it. The contents were stirred at a rotation velocity of 100 rpm for seven minutes and thus the water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil of the present invention, in which the aqueous component was dispersed and emulsified in medium-quality oil, was produced. The emulsified fuel oil produced this way was found containing about 23 wt% of water.

The resultant product was then put in a volumetric cylinder and stored at 30 degrees C to 50 degrees C for 10 days to a month, after which it was examined under a microscope to see whether there had happened a separation of water from oil. But the state of the aqueous dispersal was found excellent and no separation of water from oil was observed. Example 2 The product made by the process given in Example 1 was burned for a steam boiler for two hours. No graphite was detected at all from the exhaust, and the color of the fuel burning inside the burner was white during the combustion, indicating a perfect combustion. The density of dust in the exhaust averaged 0.038g/Nm³, that of SOx, NOx, and CO also very low.

On the contrary, when medium-quality oil was burnt alone the smoke and dust in the exhaust was serious, and the color of the flame inside the burner, reddish yellow, indicated that the combustion was anything but perfect. The density of the dust measured 0.15g/Nm³ on an average, four times as high as it was in the case of the fuel of the present invention, while in terms of fuel consumption, too, the emulsified fuel oil of the present invention was found more economical than heavy oil, about 30% less.

Claims

CLMMS

1. A process for preparing a water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil, characterized by producing an aqueous component through adding any one of gelation, albumin, casein alkali salt, carboxy methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyvinyi alcohol, and polyacryl amide to water by 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt and by dispersing the aqueous component in medium-quality oil for emulsification.

2. A process for preparing a water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil according to Claim 1, characterized by said gelatin therein being 1.1 wt% to 1.3wt% of water.

3. A process for preparing a water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil according to Claim 1, characterized by the size of said aqueous component particle being less than 100 μ. in the diameter.

4. A process for preparing a water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil according to Claim 3, characterized by the size of said aqueous component particle being 10 n to 30JU in the diameter.

5. A water-in-oil type of emulsified fuel oil prepared by the process claime in Claim 1, which contains medium-quality oil and aqueous component in proportion of over 70 wt% and under 30 wt , respectively.