JPH061983A - Gas-and water-mixed fuel oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent micro-explosion effects of minute fine water particles from losing by suppressing the oil-water separation in a conventional water- mixed fuel oil. CONSTITUTION:Fine water particles having bubbles of an oxygen-containing gas sticking to the surface are dispersed in a fuel oil. Thereby, the emulsified state can be maintained for a long period with the oxygen-containing gas sticking to the surface of the fine water particles and the combustion can be promoted by micro-explosion of the oxygen-containing gas.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel-air mixed fuel oil which improves combustion efficiency, suppresses oil-water separation, and prevents deterioration of exhaust gas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fuel oil such as heavy fuel oil having a low volatile content has been used as fuel oil for internal combustion engines, gas turbines, boilers and the like. If such fuel oil is burned as it is, it deteriorates the exhaust gas. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the emission of NOx and black smoke while promoting the combustion.

Therefore, it has been proposed to add 10 to 30% by weight of water to the fuel oil and use it as a water-mixed fuel oil. This water-mixed fuel oil uses an emulsifier,
Or, without using, add water while stirring the fuel oil,
It is an emulsified fuel oil in which water is emulsified and is sprayed and burned in the combustor.

In the water-mixed fuel oil, the fine water droplet particles contained therein become vapor upon combustion of the fuel oil,
It is possible to explode the volume explosively and at the same time to make the fuel oil into fine powder (known as a micro-explosion) to improve the mixing of the fuel oil and air, thereby promoting combustion. However, the water-mixed fuel oil has drawbacks such that the viscosity increases as the mixing ratio of water increases, and therefore the compression power during combustion increases and the atomization spraying performance decreases.

Further, when the water droplets become vapor, it is suppressed that they absorb heat and the temperature of the fuel oil rapidly rises.
There was a problem that ignition was delayed, combustion promotion was hindered, and if water was extremely atomized, micro explosion did not occur easily.
Further, the conventional water-mixed fuel oil is obtained by emulsifying water in the fuel oil as described above, but if an emulsifier is not used, the water separates from the fuel oil with the passage of time to form large water droplets. As a result, the combustion state deteriorates, and when an emulsifier is used, the water becomes extremely fine particles and the tendency of oil-water separation can be suppressed, but there is a drawback that the effect of microexplosion decreases.

[0006]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to suppress oil-water separation and at the same time prevent the micro-explosion effect from being lost by extremely fine water particles to maintain a good combustion state. To do.

[0007]

The fuel-air mixed fuel oil of the present invention is characterized in that fine water particles having oxygen-containing gas fine bubbles adhered to the surface are dispersed in the fuel oil. As the fuel oil in the present invention, kerosene, light oil, A,
B and C heavy oils, residual oils, waste oils, etc., or mixed oils thereof are used.

The amount of water particles in the fuel oil is 1 to 30% by weight based on the fuel oil. For example, when the fuel oil is a light oil component, the amount of added water is 1 to 5% by weight. preferable. Further, the water fine particles are large particles that are roughly dispersed in a relatively small amount of 30 to 60 μm and a large amount of fine particles that are 10 μm or less and are densely dispersed and mixed and dispersed in the fuel oil. It is preferable.

Air is usually used as the oxygen-containing gas, but ozone, oxygen-enriched air, or the like can also be used. In the present invention, it is preferable to control so that the oxygen-containing gas mainly adheres to the surface of the water-based fine particles having a diameter of 10 μm or less as bubbles having a diameter of 0.1 to 1 μm.

The particle size of such water fine particles is controlled by controlling the stirring time when water is added to the fuel oil and the mixture is stirred while blowing an oxygen-containing gas in the production of the gas-water mixed fuel oil according to the present invention. Can be achieved by choosing. That is, the flow rates of fuel oil, oxygen-containing gas and water are measured by various sensors, then the fuel oil temperature (fuel oil viscosity) and the outside air temperature are compared to detect the rotation speed of the agitator, and these data are stored in a microcomputer. The fuel oil temperature and the agitator rotation speed that are optimum for mixing are obtained based on the judgment in step 1, and selection is made so as to maintain the particle size dispersion of the steam-water mixed fuel oil at an optimum value.

The stirrer is provided with, for example, four stirring blades downward and four upward stirring in the stirring tank, the water-introducing porous nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the stirring tank, and the oxygen-containing gas-injecting porous tube is arranged in the middle. Then, the fuel oil is introduced from the lower side surface of the stirring tank. Further, a flow straightening cylinder made of a perforated plate is provided on the outer circumference of the stirring blade to adjust the degree of dispersion of the fine particles of the air-water mixed fuel oil, and the fine particles of the steam-water mixed fuel oil are collected from the outside of the straightening cylinder. However, the stirring blades are not limited to four downward and four upward.

The oxygen-containing gas adhering to the surface of the water electrode fine particles contributes to the combustion of the fuel oil, separates the fine particles of water from the fuel oil at the time of combustion of the fuel oil, and rapidly heats when the water vaporizes. It has a function of blocking the absorption, and at the same time, by adhering the oxygen-containing gas, the specific gravity of the water fine particles is brought close to the specific gravity of the fuel oil to delay the separation speed of the water fine particles in the fuel oil and suppress the oil-water separation. Examples of the present invention will be described below.

[0013]

【Example】

Example 1 Heavy fuel oil A was used as a fuel oil, 3% by weight of water was added, and an oxygen-containing gas was supplied with stirring to attach air bubbles of the oxygen-containing gas to water particles having a diameter of 15 to 30 μm and 1 to 10 μm. An air-fuel mixed fuel oil consisting of a mixed dispersion system was produced.

Table 1 shows the properties of the air-water mixed fuel oil obtained.

[0015] The relationship between the stirring time in the production of the air-water mixed fuel oil of the present invention, the oil-water separation speed of the obtained air-water mixed fuel oil, and the degree of dispersion of fine water particles is shown in FIG. The relationship between the flammability of the air-water mixed fuel oil and the degree of atomization of fine water particles is shown in FIG. 2 together with those of the water-mixed oil obtained by the following comparative example.

Comparative Example 1 30% by weight in the presence of an emulsifier in the heavy oil A used in Example 1
Was dispersed with a particle size of 1 to 10 .mu.m to prepare a conventional water mixed oil. The properties of this water-mixed oil are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the heavy oil A alone. As is clear from Table 1, FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the air-water mixed fuel oil of the present invention is particularly superior to the conventional water-mixed oil in combustibility (micro-explosion), ignitability,
It is clear that the dispersed water particles are excellent in specific gravity.

Example 2 A gas-water mixed cracked gas oil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that cracked gas oil was used as the fuel oil. The flammability of the obtained gas-water mixed cracked gas oil under normal pressure and high pressure is shown in Table 2 together with that of cracked gas oil alone.

[0018] As is clear from Table 2, steam-water mixed cracked gas oil is particularly excellent in terms of carbon generation under high pressure and combustion efficiency under normal pressure.

[0019]

As described above, the air-water mixed fuel oil of the present invention has water particles dispersed and distributed, and the bubbles of oxygen-containing gas adhere to the surfaces of the water particles, so that the emulsified state of the fuel oil is It can be maintained for a remarkably long time as compared with the water-mixed oil, and the combustion can be promoted by the micro-explosion of the water particles to which the bubbles of the oxygen-containing gas adhere.

Therefore, when the air-water mixed fuel oil of the present invention is subjected to a medium pressure combustion test in a gas turbine combustion system at a pressure of 1.3 to 2.0 atm, as shown in Table 2, combustion efficiency, carbon generation amount, NOx are shown. The generation amount and the like can be significantly improved as compared with the case of the conventional water mixed oil.

[Brief description of drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the stirring time in the production of the air-water mixed fuel oil of the present invention and the conventional water mixed oil, the oil-water separation speed of these oils obtained, and the degree of dispersion of fine water particles in these oils obtained. It is a figure which shows the relationship with.

FIG. 2 shows the stirring time in producing the air-water mixed fuel oil of the present invention and the conventional water mixed oil, the flammability of these oils obtained, and the fineness of fine particles of water in these oils obtained. It is a figure which shows the relationship of.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Tomio Sugimoto 3-1-1 Tam, Tamano-shi, Okayama Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Tamano Works (72) Inventor Kazuaki Takada 200-239, Sena, Shizuoka-shi (72) ) Inventor Atsushi Murakami 12-5 Umeda, Shimizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture (72) Inventor Michio Toyomasu 1-4-5-A303, Miyamaedaira, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fuel-air mixed fuel oil, characterized in that fine water particles having oxygen-containing gas fine bubbles attached to the surface are dispersed in the fuel oil.