WO1994002028A1 - Aliments pour ruminants et leur production - Google Patents

Aliments pour ruminants et leur production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994002028A1
WO1994002028A1 PCT/GB1993/001499 GB9301499W WO9402028A1 WO 1994002028 A1 WO1994002028 A1 WO 1994002028A1 GB 9301499 W GB9301499 W GB 9301499W WO 9402028 A1 WO9402028 A1 WO 9402028A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
fatty acid
meal
protein
calcium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1993/001499
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Conor Rudden
Original Assignee
Woodford Feeds Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB929215248A external-priority patent/GB9215248D0/en
Application filed by Woodford Feeds Limited filed Critical Woodford Feeds Limited
Priority to AU45786/93A priority Critical patent/AU4578693A/en
Publication of WO1994002028A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994002028A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/21—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by heating without chemical treatment, e.g. steam treatment, cooking

Definitions

  • This invention relates to ruminant feedstuffs and to their production.
  • the rumen In the case of protein metabolism, it is known that at certain times during the period of growth and development, and subsequent lactation in the case of a high- yielding dairy cow, the rumen is not capable of producing sufficient microbial protein to meet the animal's full requirements for maximum growth or maximum production of milk. It is therefore desirable that a proportion of the animal's protein requirement be met by supplying a supplement containing protein which is not degraded in, and thus passes through, the rumen. This can result in an improvement in feed conversion efficiency, growth rate and production as compared with the use of an equal weight of degradable protein, which degradable protein does not bypass the rumen.
  • the free fat or free fatty acids can physically coat fibrous or cellulosic material in the rumen and thus prevent it from being broken down by the rumen micro-organisms. This can have an adverse effect on the total digestibility of the diet and result in a reduced yield of milk and/or butter fat. Further excess free fatty acids and especially some unsaturated fatty acids are toxic to certain micro-organisms in the rumen and this too can have an adverse effect on the total digestibility of the diet.
  • GB-PS 2113521 describes ruminant feedstuffs comprising animal or vegetable protein nutritional material dispersed in an edible, water-insoluble calcium or magnesium salt of a fatty acid, the said salt constituting 50 to 80% of the feedstuff.
  • the nutritional material is dispersed in the edible water-insoluble fatty acid salt or salts.
  • the fatty acid salt is insoluble, and thus it passes substantially unaltered through the rumen to the relatively acidic conditions of the abomasu and small intestine, where the salt is converted to the free acid and mineral ion which can then be utilised.
  • This feedstuff can be obtained by forming a dispersion of the protein material in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt of the fatty acid and then adding an aqueous solution of a compound comprising a calcium or magnesium cation which forms a water- insoluble salt with the fatty acid so that an edible water- insoluble fatty acid is precipitated on the dispersed animal or vegetable protein.
  • the animal or vegetable protein may be dispersed in the fatty acid salt while the latter is in the molten state and then the mixture is allowed to cool.
  • US-PS 4826694 describes a dry friable, easy-to- handle, ruminant feedstuff comprising edible water-insoluble calcium or magnesium salt of fatty acid, extractable triglycerides and edible calcium or magnesium oxide.
  • This feedstuff is produced by forming a mixture of basic oxide such as calcium oxide, fatty acid and triglycerides and water and allowing the oxide to react with the acid to form the water-insoluble salt.
  • a feedstuff containing up to 65% by weight of proteinaceous nutritional material.
  • the protein in the feedstuff of GB-PS 2113521 and any protein in the product of US-PS 4826694 is substantially in its native or unprocessed state and any protection of the protein within the rumen is provided by the presence of the water-insoluble fatty acid salt.
  • elevated temperatures occur in the production of these products, for example as a result of the exothermic formation of the fatty acid salt, the conditions are not such as to allow the rumen degradability of the protein material to be substantially affected. Accordingly these processes are not suitable for producing rumen-bypass protein.
  • a ruminant feedstuff which comprises, in admixture, one or more edible, water-insoluble calcium or magnesium salts of one or more saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, and animal or vegetable protein nutritional material, the protein nutritional material having been converted during formation of the fatty acid salt, e.g. by interacting fatty acid and calcium or magnesium compound, into a form which is substantially non-degradable in the rumen but which is digestible in the lower gut.
  • the animal or vegetable protein material contained within the feedstuff according to the present invention is of improved non-degradability and by-passes the rumen with substantially reduced loss of protein within the rumen compared to that shown by the animal/vegetable protein when in its native or unprocessed state.
  • the protein material in the feedstuff according to the present invention is digested in the lower gut with a high level of efficiency, for example not less than 60% and preferably better than 75% digestible.
  • substantially non-degradable in the rumen is to be understood that less than 50%, preferably less than 30%, of nitrogen in the feedstuff is lost from a sample of the feedstuff suspended in a bag, e.g. Dacron bag, in the rumen for 16 hours.
  • a bag e.g. Dacron bag
  • the feedstuff according to the present invention cannot be obtained by simple mixing.
  • the conditions of processing of the ingredients are important and must be such as to render the protein material substantially rumen non- degradable on the one hand but, on the other hand, must not be so severe as to render it also lower gut non-digestible.
  • excessive heat treatment can render proteins both rumen-non-degradable and lower gut non-digestible (Wilson PN and Strachan PJ, Undegradable protein and the protein requirement of dairy cows, Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition 1980, Butterworths) .
  • the processing conditions will of course vary according to the amount and type of protein material being processed.
  • the feedstuff according to the present invention usually is in particulate form and comprises a substantially homogenous mixture of the ingredients.
  • the proportions of the ingredients in the feedstuff can be adjusted to satisfy or meet the energy and protein requirements of the animals to be fed.
  • the feedstuff will contain at least 30% by weight protein material and up to 70% by weight calcium or magnesium fatty acid salt.
  • the feedstuff may contain 30 to 90% by weight, preferably 40 to 75%, alternatively 55 to 80% by weight, protein material and, respectively, 70 to 10%, 60 to 25% or 45 to 25% by weight fatty acid salt.
  • the feedstuff according to the present invention may contain other conventional ingredients, including further ingredients as described in GB-PS 2113521 and US-PS 4826694.
  • the present invention also provides a process for the production of ruminant feedstuff, which process comprises forming a substantially homogeneous mixture of animal or vegetable protein nutritional material, one or more fatty acids and a calcium or magnesium compound capable of forming an edible water-insoluble salt with the fatty acid(s) at elevated-temperature such that salt formation is initiated and maintaining the processing conditions until the protein material is rendered substantially rumen non-degradable but digestible in the lower gut, and then cooling the product.
  • This is a particularly convenient production process, in which the calcium or magnesium salt is formed, with the heat of reaction being employed to provide at least part of the conditions required for treatment of the protein material to render it rumen non-degradable.
  • the process according to the invention may be carried out batchwise using a reactor or, more conveniently, continuously e.g. using a reactor conveyor.
  • the process ingredients In order to initiate the salt formation, the process ingredients must be raised to elevated temperature.
  • the actual temperature will vary according to the particular fatty acid and calcium or magnesium compound to be reacted but generally a temperature of the order of 50 to 70°C may be sufficient.
  • ruminant feedstuff may be obtained by forming a substantially homogeneous mixture of animal or vegetable protein nutritional material, one or more fatty acids, suitably in liquid form, and a calcium or magnesium compound capable of forming an edible water-insoluble salt with the fatty acid(s) under the conditions employed, initiating reaction of the fatty acid(s) and calcium or magnesium compound, suitably by injecting steam into the substantially homogeneous mixture formed, maintaining the mixture at elevated temperature, e.g. 110 to 115°C, until the protein nutritional material is rendered substantially non- degradable in the rumen while remaining digestible in the lower gut, and then cooling the product, which may then if necessary be disintegrated to the desired particle size, and packed.
  • elevated temperature e.g. 110 to 115°C
  • the process according to the invention may suitably be carried out on apparatus which comprises means for feeding metered amounts of animal or vegetable protein nutritional material, of one or more fatty acids, and of a calcium or magnesium compound to the inlet of a continuously operatable mixer, means for injecting steam into the mixer downstream from the inlet, an outlet for discharge of mixture from the mixer, and a conveyor mounted below said outlet.
  • the animal or vegetable protein nutritional material used according to the present invention is preferably a good quality animal or vegetable protein.
  • Such nutritional materials are grass meal, lucerne meal, field beans, peas, lupin seed, coconut meal, cottonseed, groundnut, linseed, palm kernel, soya bean, sunflower seed, rape seed, fish meal, meat and bone meal, skimmed milk, whey protein, distillers' by-products, barley, maize, oats, rye, rice, gluten meal, locust bean, canola, feather meal, sorghum, safflower seed, single cell protein, and yeast, all of which are suitable for feeding to ruminants to improve the quality of their protein intake.
  • Such materials may be ground as necessary before inclusion in the feedstuffs according to the present invention.
  • references to seed, kernel and fruit nutritional materials include references to corresponding meals (which may be defatted) made therefrom, e.g. rapeseed and soya bean meals.
  • oleaginous protein material e.g. full fat seeds
  • the oil or fat contained therein may be converted, at least partly, into free fatty acids which, in turn, will react with the calcium or magnesium compound resulting in the presence of additional fatty acid salt in the feedstuff.
  • the fatty acids used in the invention are edible, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids suitably containing 14, 16, 18 and 20 carbon atoms per molecule, preferably myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or linolenic acid. However higher and lower carbon content acids may also be used such as lauric and arachidic. It is normally preferred to use a naturally occurring mixture of such fatty acids derived for example from beef or mutton tallow, lard, palm oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, soya bean oil or groundnut oil. Such materials are produced as by ⁇ products of edible oil refining.
  • Calcium oxide is the preferred basic oxide for use in the process according to the present invention but magnesium oxide may also be used.
  • Burnt (calcined) limestone is a suitable commercial source of lime. It usually contains 94 to 96% CaO and not more than 7% (usually 3 to 5%) of CaC0 3 .
  • Calcined magnesite is a suitable source of magnesium oxide. If desired calcium oxide and magnesium oxide can be used in admixture.
  • the exothermic heat generated in the process according to the present invention under the alkaline reaction conditions may also be sufficient very significantly to detoxify any feed or food mycotoxins which may be present; e.g. aflatoxin-contaminated protein meals are substantially detoxified.
  • the protein material may be detoxified under the processing conditions and accordingly that no separate detoxification step is required.
  • the invention also includes within its scope a method for detoxifying a nutritional material, especially one of those mentioned above, which may contain a mycotoxin, which comprises subjecting said feedstuff to a temperature in the range 105 to 120°C in the presence of interacting fatty acid and calcium or magnesium-containing base.
  • a method for detoxifying a nutritional material which comprises subjecting said feedstuff to a temperature in the range 105 to 120°C in the presence of interacting fatty acid and calcium or magnesium-containing base.
  • the nutritional material is maintained at about 110°C to 115°C in the presence of reacting calcium oxide and fatty acid for a sufficient time to bring about the desired detoxification; a period of 20 to 90 minutes at 105 to 120°C is generally enough.
  • the apparatus shown in the drawing comprises a first hopper 1 for protein meal or concentrate, in granular form, which is to be incorporated into the feedstuff according to the present invention.
  • hopper 1 At its base, hopper 1 is provided with a screw feed 2 in a duct 3, whereby the granular protein meal or concentrate from hopper 1 is forwarded by means of the screw feed 2 along duct 3 and discharged, in metered amount, from the open end 4 of duct 3.
  • a second hopper 6 for compound comprising a calcium or magnesium cation which forms a water- insoluble salt with the fatty acid used.
  • the compound in hopper 6 is pulverised calcium oxide.
  • Second hopper 6 is provided with a screw feed 7 in duct 8.
  • material from hopper 6 may be fed along duct 8 by means of screw feed 7 and discharged in metered amounts from open end 9.
  • hopper 1 there may alternatively be employed an extruder or thermal screw or other heat transfer to impart heat to the protein material.
  • a fixed head orifice 10 for the fatty acid or fatty acid mixture to be used in the manufacture of the feedstuff.
  • the fixed head 11 above the orifice 10 is maintained by means of addition of fatty acid at inlet 12 and overflow 13 above the fixed head.
  • Hoppers 1 and 6 and fixed head orifice 10 are all positioned such that the discharge open ends 4 and 9 from the hoppers and the orifice 10 are above the inlet 15 of a high speed, in line, continuous mixer 16.
  • the high speed mixer 16 is driven by drive 17. Downstream from the inlet 15 there is injected into the mixer 16 steam via a steam inlet point 18.
  • a discharge chute 19 whereby the contents from the mixer are discharged onto a conveyer 20 which travels in the direction indicated by the arrow.
  • the fatty acid or fatty acid mixture suitably comprising essentially of C14, C16, C18 and C20 fatty acids at generally 80°C to 130°C, preferably about 110°C, is metered via orifice 10 into the high speed continuous mixer 16.
  • Simultaneously protein meal or concentrate and calcium (or magnesium) oxide are fed in the desired amounts from hoppers 1 and 6 to open discharge ends 4 and 9 respectively and into the inlet 15 of high speed continuous mixer 16.
  • ingredients are fed to the inlet of mixer 16 in the following proportions:
  • Protein meal or concentrate 30 to 90%, preferably 55 to 80% or 40 to 75%
  • Fatty acid or fatty acid mixture 8.5 to 60.9%, preferably 17 to
  • Calcium oxide 1.5 to 9.1%, preferably 3 to 6% or 3 to 10% The percentages given are by weight.
  • the ingredients are mixed within high speed continuous mixer 16.
  • the mixer 16 is operated at a shear rate of 500 to 2000 rpm, preferably about 1000 rpm.
  • Downstream from inlet 15 steam is injected into the mixture at steam inlet point 18.
  • the steam has the dual function of raising the temperature of the mixture while at the same time initiating the salt formation reaction between the fatty acid(s) and the calcium or magnesium compound.
  • the steam is suitably injected at 241-801 kPa (1.4-7.0 gauge pressure bar), e.g. 376 kPa (2.75 gauge pressure bar), at a temperature of 126° to 170°C, e.g. 141°C.
  • Water is generally not separately added, although the starting materials will usually have a water content.
  • the amount of water present is 4 to 18%.
  • the thoroughly mixed matrix is discharged from mixer 16 via discharge chute 19 onto the slowly moving conveyor 20.
  • the temperature of the discharged mixture is generally in the region of 60 to 100°C, suitably about 80°C.
  • On the slowly moving conveyor salt formation takes place and the associated exotherm causes the temperature of the mass to increase, generally to between 105 to 120°C, suitably about 110 to 115°C.
  • the mixture should not be spread out on the conveyor but retained in a compact mass on the conveyor in order to minimise heat loss through evolution of steam and delay cooling for the required processing period.
  • the product is retained on the conveyor 20 suitably for 20 to 90 minutes, generally 35 to 60 minutes, preferably 45 minutes or such further period of time as is needed to achieve the required rumen undegradability in the final product.
  • the product from conveyor 20 is cooled, disintegrated and/or pelleted, and packed.
  • the exposure of the protein meal or concentrate to the heat released under the salt formation conditions during the preparation of the feedstuff according to the present invention substantially reduces the degradability of the protein in the rumen such that less than 50% of the protein is lost in the rumen but leaves the protein in a condition digestible in the lower gut.
  • the conditions of the process are sufficient very significantly to detoxify any feed or food mycotoxins which may be present; e.g. aflatoxin- contaminated protein meals are substantially detoxified.
  • base (lime) in the salt formation, in combination with the steam and the heat of the ensuing exotherm is believed to bring about this detoxification.
  • the invention is further illustrated in the following Example.
  • the percentages are by weight.
  • the ingredients are mixed with the mixer being operated at a shear rate of 1000 rpm. Downstream from the inlet 15 of mixer 16, steam, at 376 kPa and 141°C, is introduced.
  • the thoroughly mixed mixture is discharged from mixer 16 at approximately 80°C via discharge chute 19 onto the slowly moving conveyor 20.
  • the mixture is discharged onto the conveyor in a compact mass with a view to minimising heat loss.
  • the salt formation reaction ensues within the mass on the conveyor and the temperature of the mass increases to 110 to 115°C.
  • the mixture is retained at this temperature for about 50 minutes, the time being sufficient under the conditions on the conveyor to render the rapeseed meal substantially non-degradable in the rumen while remaining digestible in the lower gut. Also under these conditions any mycotoxins in the starting meal are substantially destroyed.
  • the product is then removed from the conveyor, cooled, disintegrated and/or pelleted, and packed.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

Un aliment pour ruminants comprend un mélange d'un ou plusieurs sels d'acides gras de calcium ou de magnésium non hydrosolubles comestibles et d'une substance nutritive à base de protéines animales ou végétales, substance transformée pendant la formation du sel d'acide gras en élément non dégradable en pratique dans la panse mais digestible dans l'intestin. On peut obtenir cet aliment en formant un mélange homogène en pratique de cette substance nutritive à base de protéines animales ou végétales, d'un ou plusieurs acides gras sous une forme liquide appropriée et d'un composé de calcium ou de magnésium capable de former un sel comestible non hydrosoluble avec l'acide gras dans les conditions d'utilisation. On enclenche la réaction du ou des acides gras avec le composé de calcium ou de magnésium de manière opportune en élevant la température des ingrédients, par exemple en injectant de la vapeur dans le mélange homogène ainsi formé, qu'on maintient à une température élevée, 110 à 115 °C par exemple, puis on refroidit le produit. Ce procédé comporte aussi l'avantage de détruire en pratique d'éventuelles mycotoxines présentes dans la substance nutritive grâce à l'action combinée des températures élevées et des acides et des bases gras, l'oxyde de calcium par exemple, utilisés de préférence.
PCT/GB1993/001499 1992-07-17 1993-07-16 Aliments pour ruminants et leur production WO1994002028A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU45786/93A AU4578693A (en) 1992-07-17 1993-07-16 Ruminant feedstuffs and their production

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9215248.7 1992-07-17
GB929215248A GB9215248D0 (en) 1992-07-17 1992-07-17 Ruminant feedstuffs and their production
GB929216115A GB9216115D0 (en) 1992-07-17 1992-07-29 Ruminant feedstuffs and their production
GB9216115.7 1992-07-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994002028A1 true WO1994002028A1 (fr) 1994-02-03

Family

ID=26301269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1993/001499 WO1994002028A1 (fr) 1992-07-17 1993-07-16 Aliments pour ruminants et leur production

Country Status (6)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4578693A (fr)
CA (1) CA2167495A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ9695A3 (fr)
IL (1) IL106182A0 (fr)
MX (1) MX9304312A (fr)
WO (1) WO1994002028A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995017103A1 (fr) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-29 Nutreco Nederland B.V. Utilisation de materiaux riches en mannane dans des aliments de l'homme et des animaux
AU681535B2 (en) * 1994-08-22 1997-08-28 Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited Improvements in feeds for ruminants
GB2349155A (en) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-25 Feed Oil Company Limited A process for the production of a protected fat
EP1810953A1 (fr) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-25 Unieco Societa' Cooperativa Procédé et dispositif de traitement des déchets provenant de la fabrication d'huile d'olive
US7946405B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2011-05-24 Multitest Elektronische Systeme Gmbh Guide path for electronic components
US8137719B2 (en) 2004-08-27 2012-03-20 Adm Alliance Nutrition, Inc. High-fat animal feed pellets and method for making same
DK201400228A1 (sv) * 2013-04-29 2015-06-29 Bo Arvidsson Foder för höjning av halten av omättat fett i köttproducerande djur

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0163395A1 (fr) * 1984-04-10 1985-12-04 Balfour Manufacturing Company Limited Procédé pour la production de fourrage
EP0280810A2 (fr) * 1987-03-04 1988-09-07 Balfour Manufacturing Company Limited Dispositif pour la production continue de fourrage
US4826694A (en) * 1985-10-14 1989-05-02 Balfour Manufacturing Company Ruminant feedstuffs, their production and apparatus for use therein
EP0421879A1 (fr) * 1989-10-04 1991-04-10 Dievet S.A. Procédé pour la préparation d'aliments pour le bétail évitant la dégradation des acides aminés dans le rumen
WO1993010672A1 (fr) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-10 Church & Dwight Company, Inc. Preparation de produits contenant un sel d'acide gras alimentaire
WO1993010671A1 (fr) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-10 Church & Dwight Company, Inc. Procede de preparation de compositions de complement alimentaire

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0163395A1 (fr) * 1984-04-10 1985-12-04 Balfour Manufacturing Company Limited Procédé pour la production de fourrage
US4826694A (en) * 1985-10-14 1989-05-02 Balfour Manufacturing Company Ruminant feedstuffs, their production and apparatus for use therein
EP0280810A2 (fr) * 1987-03-04 1988-09-07 Balfour Manufacturing Company Limited Dispositif pour la production continue de fourrage
EP0421879A1 (fr) * 1989-10-04 1991-04-10 Dievet S.A. Procédé pour la préparation d'aliments pour le bétail évitant la dégradation des acides aminés dans le rumen
WO1993010672A1 (fr) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-10 Church & Dwight Company, Inc. Preparation de produits contenant un sel d'acide gras alimentaire
WO1993010671A1 (fr) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-10 Church & Dwight Company, Inc. Procede de preparation de compositions de complement alimentaire

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
H. TAGARI ET AL.: "The influence of heating on the nutritive value of soya-bean meal for ruminants", THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, vol. 16, no. 2, 1962, LONDON, GB, pages 237 - 243 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995017103A1 (fr) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-29 Nutreco Nederland B.V. Utilisation de materiaux riches en mannane dans des aliments de l'homme et des animaux
AU681535B2 (en) * 1994-08-22 1997-08-28 Inghams Enterprises Pty Limited Improvements in feeds for ruminants
GB2349155A (en) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-25 Feed Oil Company Limited A process for the production of a protected fat
US8137719B2 (en) 2004-08-27 2012-03-20 Adm Alliance Nutrition, Inc. High-fat animal feed pellets and method for making same
EP1810953A1 (fr) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-25 Unieco Societa' Cooperativa Procédé et dispositif de traitement des déchets provenant de la fabrication d'huile d'olive
US7946405B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2011-05-24 Multitest Elektronische Systeme Gmbh Guide path for electronic components
DK201400228A1 (sv) * 2013-04-29 2015-06-29 Bo Arvidsson Foder för höjning av halten av omättat fett i köttproducerande djur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL106182A0 (en) 1993-10-20
CA2167495A1 (fr) 1994-02-03
CZ9695A3 (en) 1996-06-12
AU4578693A (en) 1994-02-14
MX9304312A (es) 1994-04-29

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