GB2349155A - A process for the production of a protected fat - Google Patents
A process for the production of a protected fat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2349155A GB2349155A GB0007561A GB0007561A GB2349155A GB 2349155 A GB2349155 A GB 2349155A GB 0007561 A GB0007561 A GB 0007561A GB 0007561 A GB0007561 A GB 0007561A GB 2349155 A GB2349155 A GB 2349155A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- metal oxides
- fatty acid
- distillate
- mixture
- metallic soaps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
- A23K40/35—Making capsules specially adapted for ruminants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A process for the production of a protected fat comprises reacting a fatty acid distillate with at least two metal oxides such that the metal oxides react with the free fatty acids present in the distillate to form a mixture of metallic soaps and removing any water from the resultant mixture of metallic soaps. Preferably, a palm fatty acid distillate is used and the metal oxides are magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or zinc oxide. The metal oxides are preferably reacted with at least 66% of the free fatty acids, the reaction is preferably performed at 70 {C and the water can be removed by heating the resultant mixture of metallic soaps to over 100 {C. The process produces an alkaline protected fat that is liquid at normal handling temperatures and can be used in the dairy feed industry to boost milk and/or butterfat yields.
Description
A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FAT
The present invention relates to a process for the production of a fat.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for the production of a protected fat for use in the dairy feed industry to boost milk and/or butterfat yields.
Protected fats currently utilised in the dairy feed industry to boost milk and butterfat yields are either high melting point fats, for example, of the hardened palm fatty acid distillate type, or calcium soaps, which not only have a very high melting point, but, are also alkaline, and consequently, do not react when passing through the alkaline rumen.
Both the aforementioned products are solid, and are customarily handled in bags of up to 1 tonne. As will be appreciated by those in the industry, the flaking and bagging process is costly and additionally, subsequent product handling is labour-intensive.
According to the present invention there is provided a process of producing a protected fat for use in the dairy feed industry to boost milk and/or butterfat yields comprising the steps of:
reacting a fatty acid distillate with at least two metal oxides such that the metal oxides react with the free fatty acids present in the distillate to form a mixture of metallic soaps; and
removing any water from the resultant mixture of metallic soaps.
It is believed that the process for producing a protected fat in accordance with the present invention overcomes the disadvantages associated with known protected fats in that the resultant protected fat is liquid at normal handling temperatures, can be sprayed and yet, is also protected when it passes through the alkaline rumen. Additionally, as the majority of unprotected fats that are handled by the animal feed sector are in liquid form, it will be appreciated that a protected fat produced in accordance with the process of the present application, unlike known protected fats, can be handled by most mills in the animal feed sector, which are set up to handle liquids. Furthermore, it is believed that the process of the present invention, which uses commercially sensible ingredients, offers considerable savings over current practice.
Our research has established that by producing a protected fat that inclues a mixture of metallic soaps utilising the process of the present application, it is possible to take advantage of the"eutectic"effect to reduce the resulting protected fat's melting point. Furthermore, and by only partially reacting the metal oxides with the high free fatty acid (FFA) source, for example, a palm fatty acid distillate, it was observed that the resultant mixture of soaps/fatty acids/triglycerides behaved as though it had a much lower melting point than the initial fat. In this connection, the particular mixture of metallic soaps that we investigated did not have a narrow setting point, but merely, became more and more viscous until it finally set at below 34 C. It is our belief that this is as a result of a kinetic, rather than a thermodynamic, effect in which the large and differing soap molecules cannot quickly orientate to form a solid crystal. On melting, the mixture is only totally liquid at temperatures in excess of 60 C. It is our belief that it is the reduction in melting point of the parent fat and the slowness to solidify that will allow it to be sprayed onto compound feed, and it is the high melting point and the alkalinity of the soaps that will afford protection to the resulting fats.
In a preferred embodiment, the fatty acid distillate is a palm fatty acid distillate.
Preferably, the fatty acid distillate and the metal oxides are reacted by heating same at 70 C.
Further preferably, the resulting product is heated to over 100 C to drive off or remove any water.
Preferably, the two metal oxides utilised include a mixture of calcium and magnesium oxides mixed roughly 50: 50 on a stoichiometric basis (56: 40 by weight). However, it is to be understood that other metal oxides can be used. In particular, zinc oxide could be used as well as, or instead of, calcium oxide. The advantage of using magnesium oxide is that same is a normal ingredient of most dairy feed rations.
In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a protected fat which, in use, is used to boost milk and/or butterfat yields, the protected fat including a mixture of metallic soaps.
One, non-limiting, embodiment of a process in accordance with the present invention utilise to produce a protected fat in the form of a mixture of metallic soaps will now be exemplified below :
Example :
A palm fatty acid distillate and a mixture of calcium and magnesium oxides, mixed roughly 50: 50 on a stoichiometric basis to react with about, or at least, 66% of the free fatty acids present in the palm fatty acid distillate, were reacted together by heating same to 70 C. It was observed that the reaction was fairly rapid and completed within about 5 minutes.
The resulting mixture of metallic soaps, which were in the form of an mulsion, was then heated to over 100 C to drive off or remove any water therefrom. It was observed that water removal only took a couple of minutes.
Claims (11)
- CLAIMS 1. A process of producing a protected fat for use in the dairy feed industry to boost milk and/or butterfat yields comprising the steps of: reacting a fatty acid distillate with at least two metal oxides such that the metal oxides react with the free fatty acids present in the distillate to form a mixture of metallic soaps; and removing any water from the resultant mixture of metallic soaps.
- 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the metal oxides are reacted with at least 66% of the free fatty acids present in the distillate.
- 3. The process of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fatty acid distillate that is reacted with the metal oxides is a palm fatty acid distillate.
- 4. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fatty acid distillate and the metal oxides are reacted by heating same at approximately 70 C.
- 5. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the water is removed from the resultant mixture of metallic soaps by heating the resultant mixture of metallic salts to over 100 C.
- 6. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the metal oxides that is reacted with the fatty acid distillate is magnesium oxide.
- 7. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fatty acid distillate is reacted with a mixture of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide.
- 8. The process of claim 7, wherein the ratio of calcium oxide to magnesium oxide is approximately 50: 50 on a stoichiometric basis.
- 9. The process of claim 7, wherein zinc oxide is used as well as, or instead of, calcium oxide.
- 10. A process of producing a protected fat substantially as hereinbefore described and exemplified.
- 11. A protected fat which, in use, is used to boost milk and/or butterfat yields, the protected fat including a mixture of metallic soaps.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9907185.4A GB9907185D0 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 1999-03-30 | A process for the production of fat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0007561D0 GB0007561D0 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
| GB2349155A true GB2349155A (en) | 2000-10-25 |
Family
ID=10850559
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9907185.4A Ceased GB9907185D0 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 1999-03-30 | A process for the production of fat |
| GB0007561A Withdrawn GB2349155A (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-03-30 | A process for the production of a protected fat |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9907185.4A Ceased GB9907185D0 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 1999-03-30 | A process for the production of fat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB9907185D0 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2249995A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-01 | Norel, S.A. | Method of producing calcium, sodium or magnesium soaps from fatty acids or oleins from animal or vegetable fats and use thereof as nutrients in monogastric animal feed |
| EP1983041A4 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | Norel S A | Method for producing calcium soaps for animal feed |
| WO2014188035A1 (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-11-27 | Norel | Method for producing protected compositions for animal feed, compositions and use of same |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4294771A (en) * | 1979-04-04 | 1981-10-13 | Norbert Pietralla | Method for the production of metal soaps |
| US5185457A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1993-02-09 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for the continuous production of fatty acid soaps |
| WO1994002028A1 (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1994-02-03 | Woodford Feeds Limited | Ruminant feedstuffs and their production |
| WO1995012987A1 (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-18 | Church & Dwight Company, Inc. | Ruminant feed supplement product |
-
1999
- 1999-03-30 GB GBGB9907185.4A patent/GB9907185D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-03-30 GB GB0007561A patent/GB2349155A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4294771A (en) * | 1979-04-04 | 1981-10-13 | Norbert Pietralla | Method for the production of metal soaps |
| US5185457A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1993-02-09 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for the continuous production of fatty acid soaps |
| WO1994002028A1 (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1994-02-03 | Woodford Feeds Limited | Ruminant feedstuffs and their production |
| WO1995012987A1 (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-18 | Church & Dwight Company, Inc. | Ruminant feed supplement product |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2249995A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-01 | Norel, S.A. | Method of producing calcium, sodium or magnesium soaps from fatty acids or oleins from animal or vegetable fats and use thereof as nutrients in monogastric animal feed |
| WO2006035099A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-06 | Norel, S.A. | Method of producing calcium, sodium or magnesium soaps from fatty acids or oleins from animal or vegetable fats and use thereof as nutrients in monogastric animal feed |
| ES2249995B1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2007-06-01 | Norel, S.A. | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CALCICAL, SODIUM OR MAGNESIC SOAPS OF FATTY ACIDS OR OLEINS OF VEGETABLE OR ANIMAL FATS AND THEIR USE AS NUTRIENTS IN FOOD OF MONOGASTRIC ANIMALS. |
| RU2391849C2 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2010-06-20 | Норель, С.А. | Method for production of saponified fat ingredient for feeding of animals with single-chamber stomach and fodder that contains such ingredient |
| EP1983041A4 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | Norel S A | Method for producing calcium soaps for animal feed |
| WO2014188035A1 (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-11-27 | Norel | Method for producing protected compositions for animal feed, compositions and use of same |
| US20160128358A1 (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2016-05-12 | Norel | Method for producing protected compositions for animal feed, compositions and use of same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9907185D0 (en) | 1999-05-26 |
| GB0007561D0 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |