WO1993022419A1 - Un biosensor enzimatico para la determinacion de glicerol en medios liquidos - Google Patents
Un biosensor enzimatico para la determinacion de glicerol en medios liquidos Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993022419A1 WO1993022419A1 PCT/ES1993/000030 ES9300030W WO9322419A1 WO 1993022419 A1 WO1993022419 A1 WO 1993022419A1 ES 9300030 W ES9300030 W ES 9300030W WO 9322419 A1 WO9322419 A1 WO 9322419A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glycerol
- enzymatic
- determination
- biosensor
- voltage
- Prior art date
Links
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000057621 Glycerol kinases Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 101710163410 Probable glycerol kinase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010054790 glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydroxyacetone Natural products OCC(=O)CO RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940120503 dihydroxyacetone Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- -1 dihydroxyacetone ketone Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- GNGACRATGGDKBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyacetone phosphate Chemical compound OCC(=O)COP(O)(O)=O GNGACRATGGDKBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenosine triphosphate Natural products C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)C(O)C1O ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010015776 Glucose oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101000619708 Homo sapiens Peroxiredoxin-6 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101001090050 Homo sapiens Thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, mitochondrial Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102100022239 Peroxiredoxin-6 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100034769 Thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 235000019568 aromas Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019420 glucose oxidase Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- KLAKIAVEMQMVBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-hydroxy-phenacyl alcohol Natural products OCC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KLAKIAVEMQMVBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-J ATP(4-) Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100236975 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GAL11 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003463 organelle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010897 surface acoustic wave method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/001—Enzyme electrodes
- C12Q1/005—Enzyme electrodes involving specific analytes or enzymes
Definitions
- the invention relates to an enzymatic biosensor for the determination of glycerol in a liquid medium
- an amperometric electrode that generates an intensity signal, indicative of the concentration of oxygen in the medium, which is connected to the input of an electronic trans-resistance amplifier that applies a suitable voltage to the electrode according to the
- a second enzymatic reaction and converts said intensity signal into a voltage signal substantially proportional to said oxygen consumption, the output of said transistor amplifier being connected to an analog-to-digital converter that supplies
- the present invention solves this problem using a biosensor, being understood as such a device that integrates at least three fundamental components: a bioactive molecule. capable of recognizing and reacting specifically with the substance to be analyzed (analyte), a physicochemical transducer intimately associated with the bioactive molecule. capable of generating a signal when specific interaction with the analyte occurs, and an electronic device that amplifies, conditions and treats the generated signal by providing information on the concentration of the analyte in the reaction medium.
- a bioactive molecule capable of recognizing and reacting specifically with the substance to be analyzed (analyte)
- a physicochemical transducer intimately associated with the bioactive molecule. capable of generating a signal when specific interaction with the analyte occurs
- an electronic device that amplifies, conditions and treats the generated signal by providing information on the concentration of the analyte in the reaction medium.
- the new transducer technologies optical fiber, surface acoustic wave crystals, selective field effect transistors, etc.
- the development of new measurement methods and the generalization of the use of novel biological systems have led to a large expansion of the research areas. tion related to biosensors.
- the biosensors can be enzymatic or immunological, the biosensor object of the present invention belonging to the first type.
- Enzymatic reactions are relatively simple to detect and, under the right conditions, are capable of generating reliable signals in short times.
- the biosensor object of the present invention uses two enzymes as bioactive molecules, as mentioned in the introduction paragraph, which specifically catalyze two consecutive reactions, the last of which consumes oxygen from the reaction medium.
- G-3-P Glycer 1-3 phosphate
- G-3-P-0 Glycer 1-3-phosphate oxidase
- DHAP Dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Since the initial concentration of oxygen in the liquid reaction medium at rest is usually very low, said medium is subjected to stirring by a mechanical device, preferably of a magnetic type, in order to increase said concentration by dissolution of atmospheric oxygen. Additionally, since the kinetics of the reactions and the activities of the enzymes depend on temperature and pH, the measurement process is carried out under thermostatic conditions and with pH stabilized by means of a suitable buffer. In the case of the present invention, the working Ph has been set at 9, value between the pH values for which the enzymes have their maximum activity (8.5 for G-3-PO and 10 for glycerokinase) , having verified that under these conditions the measures are satisfactory.
- the transducer used is an electrode sensitive to the partial pressure of oxygen and the generated signal is a current that passes through the electrode when a constant and adequate potential is applied to the oxidation-reduction reaction that takes place.
- the electronic device it is a trans-resistance amplifier circuit that simultaneously fulfills two functions: generating said polarization potential, and measuring the intensity by conversion into a proportional electrical voltage.
- a first high-performance integrated operational amplifier that has an inverting input, a non-inverting input and an output, a constant negative voltage obtained by means of a resistive voltage divider connected between the ends being applied to said non-inverting input of a reference zener diode, the active terminal of the electrode being connected to a point that is connected, in turn, to said inverting input through a first resistor, to the anode of the zener diode through a second resistor and said output through a circuit formed by a third resistor and a capacitor in parallel, whereby the active terminal of the electrode is subjected to a substantially constant negative voltage of approximately -0 , 65 V and the current passing through it is derived in its entirety through said third resistor, appearing at said output of said first operational amplifier a voltage having a first continuous component dependent on the avalanche voltage of the zener diode and of the values of the resistances of the circuit and a second variable component that is equal to the product of the
- the circuit additionally includes a Second integrated operational amplifier, mounted in inverter adder configuration, which has its non-inverting input connected to ground and its inverting input connected to a constant voltage adjustable through a first fixed weighting resistor, at the output of the first operational amplifier through of a second variable weighting resistor, and at its own output through a feedback resistor, whereby the continuous level of the output signal of said second operational amplifier and the component amplification factor can be independently regulated variable of the output signal of said first operational amplifier.
- a Second integrated operational amplifier mounted in inverter adder configuration, which has its non-inverting input connected to ground and its inverting input connected to a constant voltage adjustable through a first fixed weighting resistor, at the output of the first operational amplifier through of a second variable weighting resistor, and at its own output through a feedback resistor, whereby the continuous level of the output signal of said second operational amplifier and the component amplification factor can be independently regulated variable of the output signal of said first operational amplifier.
- the output voltage of said second operational amplifier is digitally encoded in an analog to digital converter and the The data obtained are acquired by a data processing system that calculates the decrease in oxygen and, therefore, the glycerol concentration in the sample to be analyzed. The calculation is performed by interpolation on a surface formed by a beam of curves stored in the data processing system from tests on calibrated samples.
- the authors have developed several prototypes of the biosensor, with which numerous measures of glycerol have been made in tobacco sauces, aromas and tobacco extracts. In order to validate the method, the results have been systematically compared with those obtained by gas chromatography.
- the average accuracy of the concentration values provided by the biosensor is around 5% and the correlation with the reference chromatographic values is greater than 0.99, with test times of the order of 2 minutes.
- Figure 1. It is a diagram showing the measurement system used in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the biosensor object of the present invention.
- Figure 2. Illustrates a circuit diagram of the transistor amplifier used in said preferred embodiment.
- Figure 3. Shows, on a 1: 1 scale, the physical appearance of a prototype amplifier developed in accordance with the preferred embodiment. of the invention
- Figure 4. Shows a set of curves registered for various glycerol concentrations by means of the biosensor according to the invention.
- a reaction capsule (2) which may consist of a test tube, contains a suitable buffer to maintain the activity of the enzymes used at an optimum level, which occurs, according to the experiments performed by the inventors, for a pH of 9.
- Said reaction capsule (2) is associated with a stirring device (3), preferably of a submersible magnetic type, in order to establish an initial concentration of oxygen in the liquid reaction medium contained in said capsule by atmospheric oxygen dissolution.
- the temperature of the reaction capsule (2) is controlled and stabilized by a device (1), which can consist of a thermostatic bath.
- the enzymes involved in the reactions can be added to the reaction capsule prior to the determination of glycerol, but preferably they will be immobilized in the vicinity of the average electrode (4) which, in the present case, consists of an oxygen electrode .
- the sample to be analyzed is introduced into the reaction capsule (2) by means of a dosing device (8), which may consist of an automatic injector, a calibrated pipette, or any other means that allows manual or auto-release. tica calibrated amounts of sample on the capsule (2) reaction.
- a specific feature of the dosing device (8) is that it must have means to generate a signal indicative of the moment of injection of the sample in order to start the measurement process.
- the oxygen electrode (4) is connected to the input of a transistor amplifier (5) which is connected, in turn, through a multi-conductor cable (10), to an acquisition and treatment system (6) of data that includes at least one analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor or microcontroller capable of managing data acquisition, perform the precise calculations for the determination of the glycerol concentration of the sample by interpolation on a defined surface by curves obtained from calibrated samples, and manages; the presentation of results and auxiliary information through a display device (7).
- blocks (6) and (7) can be unified in a computer provided with a data acquisition card.
- the line (9) connected between the dosing device (8) and the data acquisition and processing system (6) transmits a signal indicative of the moment of injection of the sample to trigger the acquisition and measurement process, as has been commented above.
- V z is the avalanche voltage of the zener diode (preferably a reference zener diode with a low temperature coefficient).
- u s is the output voltage of the AOP1 operational amplifier, as shown in the figure.
- capacitor C has been incorporated in parallel with resistor R3, whereby the circuit transfer function corresponds to a low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency equal to / 2 ⁇ R3 C which, with the selected components, is approximately 2 Hz.
- the output of the first operational amplifier A0P1 is connected to the inverting input of a second operational amplifier A0P2 through an adjustable resistor R6.
- An adjustable voltage between a positive value and a symmetric negative value is also applied to said inverting input, through a resistor R7.
- the inverting input of said second operational amplifier AOP2 is connected to ground and its output is connected, through a resistor R8, to the inverting input.
- the configuration described corresponds to an inverting adder circle whose transfer function is:
- u Q is the output voltage of the operational amplifier AOP2 and Upr is the adjustable continuous voltage provided by the combination of resistors R4, R5, zener diodes D2 and D3 and potentiometer Rp, said continuous voltage appearing at the cursor of said potentiometer.
- This configuration allows independent adjustment of the continuous voltage level of the output signal or 0 of the described circuit and the amplification factor R8 / R6 that is applied to the variable component, in order to
- SUSTI SHEET to adapt the signal to the requirements of the analog-to-digital converter to whose input the output of the transistor amplifier is connected.
- Figure 3 illustrates, on a natural scale, the physical aspect of a prototype of the resistance amplifier developed by the inventors.
- the electronic components are arranged on a printed circuit board contained in a small metal box, being able to observe the settings of " continuous level and amplification or gain.
- the electrode is connected to the amplifier through a coaxial connector, as indicated in the left part of the figure
- the supply voltages and the amplifier output correspond to the terminals of a multiple connector that can be seen in the right part of the figure and that is connected to the data acquisition and processing system (multiple line 10 of figure 1).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP93911512A EP0596081A1 (en) | 1992-04-23 | 1993-04-22 | Enzymatic biosensor for assaying glycerol in liquid medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES9200859A ES2042411B1 (es) | 1992-04-23 | 1992-04-23 | Un biosensor enzimatico para la determinacion de glicerol en medios liquidos. |
ESP9200859 | 1992-04-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993022419A1 true WO1993022419A1 (es) | 1993-11-11 |
Family
ID=8276813
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES1993/000030 WO1993022419A1 (es) | 1992-04-23 | 1993-04-22 | Un biosensor enzimatico para la determinacion de glicerol en medios liquidos |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0596081A1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU4041593A (es) |
ES (1) | ES2042411B1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO1993022419A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106198861A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种量化评价卷烟烟丝与保润剂配伍性的方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104460488B (zh) * | 2014-11-04 | 2017-07-18 | 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种提高加料机过程数据分析精度的方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0035480A2 (en) * | 1980-03-05 | 1981-09-09 | Sven-Olof Enfors | Enzyme electrode using electrolytic oxygen |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1223638A (en) * | 1983-05-05 | 1987-06-30 | Graham Davis | Assay systems utilising more than one enzyme |
GB8612861D0 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1986-07-02 | Cambridge Life Sciences | Immobilised enzyme biosensors |
US5236567A (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1993-08-17 | Nakano Vinegar Co., Ltd. | Enzyme sensor |
CH677149A5 (es) * | 1989-07-07 | 1991-04-15 | Disetronic Ag | |
DD291846A5 (de) * | 1990-01-26 | 1991-07-11 | Adw Ddr | Verfahren zur empfindlichen bestimmung von substanzen mit einem biosensor |
-
1992
- 1992-04-23 ES ES9200859A patent/ES2042411B1/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-04-22 EP EP93911512A patent/EP0596081A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-04-22 AU AU40415/93A patent/AU4041593A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-04-22 WO PCT/ES1993/000030 patent/WO1993022419A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0035480A2 (en) * | 1980-03-05 | 1981-09-09 | Sven-Olof Enfors | Enzyme electrode using electrolytic oxygen |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
DAROLD WOBSCHALL 'CIRCUIT DESIGN FOR ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION' 1987 , MC GRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY , NEW YORK * |
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY vol. 344, 15 Enero 1993, LAUSANNE páginas 161 - 166 W. J. ALBERY ET AL. 'A DIALYSIS ELECTRODE FOR GLYCEROL' * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 248 (P-313)14 Noviembre 1984 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106198861A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种量化评价卷烟烟丝与保润剂配伍性的方法 |
CN106198861B (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-07-20 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种量化评价卷烟烟丝与保润剂配伍性的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU4041593A (en) | 1993-11-29 |
ES2042411B1 (es) | 1994-07-01 |
ES2042411A1 (es) | 1993-12-01 |
EP0596081A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
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