WO1993019324A1 - Appareil de combustion utilisant des combustibles solides et/ou liquides - Google Patents
Appareil de combustion utilisant des combustibles solides et/ou liquides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993019324A1 WO1993019324A1 PCT/FR1993/000260 FR9300260W WO9319324A1 WO 1993019324 A1 WO1993019324 A1 WO 1993019324A1 FR 9300260 W FR9300260 W FR 9300260W WO 9319324 A1 WO9319324 A1 WO 9319324A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion apparatus
- grid
- grids
- combustion
- flat bars
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
- F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
- F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/06—Provision for vertical adjustment of grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H5/00—Double grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combustion apparatus using solid and / or liquid fuels.
- This device can be made so as to constitute a heat generator and / or an incinerator, capable of operating by combustion or burning of solid materials (wood, coals, coke, sawdust, various scraps such as used tires, industrial waste or household, medical waste, etc.) and / or liquid materials (oils of various origins, etc.).
- EP-A-0.026.150 The hearth of these devices comprises a set of superimposed grids constituted by perforated plates or by spaced bars, of circular or other section.
- the grids formed by perforated plates have the disadvantage of easily clogging and being difficult to clean.
- the grids constituted by spaced bars of circular or polygonal section do not retain sufficiently fine fuels (coal dust, etc.) or liquids, so that one is led to increase the number of superimposed grids to overcome this drawback, without managing to eliminate it completely. It follows that a certain amount of fuel is not burned or is not completely consumed.
- a first object of the present invention is in particular to remedy this drawback.
- an apparatus comprising a hearth constituted by a set of at least two superimposed grids; at least two of these grids being remarkable in that each of them is constituted by inclined flat bars formed by blades or flaps whose inclination is preferably the reverse of that of the blades or flaps of the other grid; advantageously, means make it possible to adjust the inclination of the flat bars or flaps of at least one of these grids and more particularly of the lower grid.
- a heating appliance the hearth of which comprises a set of superimposed grids (FR-A-2,603,686)
- a shutter wall is mounted with a vertical sliding ability against the lateral perforated surface of the inner body, so as to regulate the volume of gases leaving the distillation chamber.
- such a device makes it possible to intervene only in a limited manner on the temperature of the apparatuses due to the fact that the height of the combustibles in ignition state remains constant, during operation.
- this drawback is largely mitigated by the fact that the set of grids is mounted with the ability to move vertically, which allows the height of the products in state to be adjusted. ignition or height of fire and, therefore, an adjustment of the temperature of the devices.
- the obturating wall is replaced by a perforated grid or belt secured to the set of grids in its vertical movements, so that any elevation of said set reducing the height of the ignition zone or height of fire leads to a reduction in the volume of gases from distillation, and vice versa.
- Figure 1 is a front view, schematic in vertical section of the combustion apparatus according to the invention, the movable assembly is shown in its lowest position.
- Figure 2 is a half-section view similar to Figure 1, partially broken away, showing the movable part of the device in the high position.
- Figure 3 is a side view, schematic and in vertical section of this device.
- FIG. 4 is a view in horizontal section along line 4-4 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a view in horizontal section along line 5-5 of FIG. 1.
- Figure 6 is a top view of Figure 1.
- FIG. 7 is a detail view, in perspective, illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the device for adjusting the inclination of the flat bars of the grids and of the system for controlling the vertical movements of the set of grids and of the various members supported by these last.
- Figure 8 is a partial perspective view of the double wall aerator dis ributrice.
- Figure 9 is a perspective view of one of the Device ash drawers.
- the apparatus comprises an outer casing or body 1 having a rectangular cross section according to the example illustrated, but which could also have a square, circular or other section and executed, for example, in sheet metal d '' refractory or cast iron.
- a set of grids 2 comprising at least two superimposed grids 2a, 2b.
- an ash recovery device 3 is installed, comprising, for example, two drawers or ashtrays 3a, 3b placed side by side.
- an inner tubular body 4 of smaller dimensions, for example made of refractory steel and having a quadrangular cross section, circular Or other.
- this body comprises an upper part and a lower part in the form of a pedicelelepi attached to one another by an intermediate troncopyramidaLe part.
- the inner body 4 can be provided with a plurality of orifices 4b regularly spaced and distributed over its entire lateral surface, said lower part preferably comprising several levels or stages of spaced orifices 4b, for example arranged in staggered rows or otherwise.
- the central cavity 4c delimited by the inner body 4 constitutes, at the same time, a solid fuel tank and a distillation chamber, while its perforated lower part 4a forms a gas burner resulting from the distillation of said fuels.
- An aerator 5 constituted by an annular sheath of rectangular section and comprising an internal wall 5a provided with air distribution orifices, is arranged around and at a distance from the perforated lower part 4a of the internal body 4.
- An annular space 6 is located thus formed between the perforated lower part 4a of the body 4 and the internal wall 5a of the aerator 5, this space 6 constituting the combustion chamber of the distillation gases.
- the envelope or external body 1 is provided with a smoke outlet orifice 7 capable of being connected, in any known manner, to a smoke duct.
- the outer body 1 is closed by a cover plate 8 fixed by screwing or otherwise on said body. Under this plate 8 which can be made of cast iron, is fixed, for example by screwing, The upper end of the inner body 4.
- the cover plate 8 has a loading opening closed by a pivoting cover 9 Itself provided in its central part, with an air inlet opening 10 closed by a sliding hatch 11.
- the cover 9 allows the introduction of solid fuels into the appliance, while the sliding hatch 11 allows an adjustable air intake thanks to which one favors the combustion of certain fuels which are difficult to burn, such as certain varieties of coal, peat, etc.
- the hatch 11 also allows the passage of the intake duct or ducts for various combustible liquid products, when the appliance is not permanently fitted, with an inlet for liquid fuel at its upper part.
- the bars 2c of at least two superimposed grids 2a and 2b of the set of grids 2 are constituted by inclined blades or flaps or by bars capable of being able to be inclined.
- the flat bars 2c of the upper grid 2a advantageously have an opposite inclination to that of the flat bars 2c of the lower grid 2b, and / or a position offset with respect to that of the latter.
- the lower part of the inclined flat bars 2c 1 of the upper grid 2a is arranged above the upper part of the inclined flat bars 2c "of the lower grid 2b. In this way, the liquids which are not completely burnt or volatilized when they come into contact with the upper flat bars 2c ', slide on the latter and fall on the lower flat bars 2c "in contact with which their calcination or evaporation ends.
- the apparatus comprises means allowing an adjustment of the inclination of the flat bars 2c of at least one of the grids 2a, 2b and, preferably, an adjustment of the inclination of the flat bars 2c " of the lower grid 2b of the set of grids 2.
- FIG. 7 Illustrated in Figure 7, an embodiment of the means for this adjustment.
- the slats or shutters 2c constituting The flat bars of the lower grid 2b are provided, laterally and at their upper part, with pivot axes 2d engaged in bearings 2e which may consist of simple notches made in the upper edge of two opposite sides 2f of a 2g frame supporting all the flat bars of the gri L Le.
- the means for adjusting the inclination of the blades or shutters 2c “comprise a rod 12 movable Longitudina LEMENT and disposed perpendicularly to said blades or shutters, along the base of one of the sides 2f of the frame 2g and at l outside of the latter.
- This rod 12 is rigidly secured to a rack-and-pinion operating handle 13 accessible outside the casing 1 and making it possible to move said rod axially.
- the latter is provided with spaced rods 14 preferably oriented vertically and rigidly integral with said rod, the spacing of these rods corresponding to the spacing of the flaps 2c ".
- the upper end of each rod 14 is connected, by means a link 15, to a hinge pin 16 which are provided with the blades or flaps 2c "at the base of their end disposed near the rod 12.
- the side 2f of the frame 2g disposed near the rod 12 comprises Lights or an opening 17 allowing the displacement of the axes 16. It is understood that the adjustment of the inclination of the flat bars 2c "is obtained by pushing or pulling the handle 13.
- the movement of thrust makes it possible to reduce the inclination of the flat bars, while the traction movement makes it possible to increase this inclination by bringing it closer to the vertical.
- the flat bars 2c of the upper grid 2a are rigidly attached to the frame or belt of the latter, so that said bars have an invariable degree of inclination, for example of the order of 45 degrees.
- the upper grid 2a could also be arranged to allow an adjustment of the inclination of its flat bars, for example by means of a device of the type which has been previously described for adjusting the inclination of the flat bars. of the lower grid 2b.
- the set of grids 2 can also include one or more grids provided with ordinary bars and arranged (s) above the pair of grids 2a, 2b with inclined flat bars.
- the set of superimposed grids 2 is mounted with an aptitude for vertical movement and this set is subject to means allowing this movement and the immobilization of said set at different possible heights.
- These means comprise, for example, two similar devices arranged on two opposite sides of the set of grids 2 and each comprising a pair of racks 18 arranged vertically, opposite, and rigidly secured to one of the sides 2h from The lower grid 2b.
- These racks are engaged with a pair of toothed wheels or pinions 19 meshing with each other, one of these pinions being integral in rotation with a button or operating handle 19a disposed outside of L ' enclosure 1 of the device.
- control of the vertical displacements of the set of grids 2 and of the movable assembly constituted by said grids and by the various devices integral with the latter and described below, can be manual and / or motorized anyway. familiar to the skilled person.
- an annular grid 20 for distributing the gases from the distillation is arranged around the lower part 4a of the internal body 4 and this grid is mounted with a vertical sliding ability against the external surface of this lower part.
- This distribution grid 20 is constituted by a belt plate provided with orifices, and it rests on the upper grid 2a of the set of movable grids 2, on which it can be fixed, in any suitable manner, preferably removably . It is understood that the upward movement of the assembly 2-20 makes it possible to reduce the number of gas outlet orifices (FIG. 2), and, consequently, the volume of the latter, while the displacement of the assembly 2- 20 downwards (FIG. 1) makes it possible to increase the number of said orifices and, consequently, the volume of gases exiting from the dist llation.
- the orifices 23 of the distributing grid 20 are regularly distributed over the entire lateral surface of the latter which thus comprises several levels or stages spaced from orifices staggered or otherwise arranged.
- These storey orifices have, for example, a circular shape and a diameter of the order of 5 to 10 mm; they are separated by an interval of the order of 5 to 10 mm. They constitute a plurality of elementary burners distributed around the base of the distillation chamber 4c.
- the aerator 5 is arranged both around and at a distance from the lower part 4a of the inner body 4 and around and at a distance from the distribution grid 20, and this aerator 5 is integral with the 'set of grids 2 in its vertical movements.
- the sheath 5 constituting the aerator can rest on the set of grids 2 or be fixed, in any suitable manner, on the upper grid 2a of this set, preferably removably.
- the aerator 5 in two parts 5b, 5c, independent of each other, these two parts being arranged symmetrically on either side of the part. lower 4a of the inner body 4. It is thus possible to regulate each of these parts differently, which can also be replaced more easily.
- the internal side of the aerator 5 has two walls 5a, 5d, spaced, parallel and provided with orifices, respectively 5g, 5f for distributing and distributing air (FIG. 8). This double wall defines a distribution chamber allowing the pressure of the air or gas to be distributed over the entire outlet of the aerator, and to reduce the heat effect inside, as well as the discharge in certain cases.
- the orifices 5f formed in the inner wall 5d of the aerator have a larger diameter than that of the orifices 5g that has the outer wall 5a.
- the holes 5f have a diameter which is twice the diameter of the holes 5g.
- the holes 5g allow a first distribution of the air which is then distributed in the chamber 6 for combustion of the distillation gases.
- the orifices 5f are significantly less numerous than the orifices 5g.
- the lower part of the outer casing 1 has air suction openings 24 allowing
- vents suction 24 can be provided with means known per se, allowing to regulate the volume of air sucked.
- a flame-cutter or heat distributor device 26 Above the mobile equipment 2-20-5 of the appliance and at a distance from the latter, is fixedly disposed, between the external envelope 1 and the internal body 4, a flame-cutter or heat distributor device 26.
- This device consists of a U-shaped plate arranged horizontally in the rear half-part of the apparatus, this plate being provided with orifices 27, preferably regularly spaced.
- a gas train 28 can be housed in the lower part of the combustion chamber 6, facing at least part of the outlet orifices 23 of the distribution grid 20 , this gas train is constituted by a duct provided with outlet orifices oriented in the direction of the outlet orifices 23 of the grid 20.
- It may have a rectilinear shape or an arcuate or circular shape so as to partially or completely surround the grid 20. It is preferably arranged in the front part of the device, so as to be visible through the window 1a equipping the front wall of the outer body 1; the aerator being, in this case, shaped to allow the flames of combustion to be seen.
- the gas train can be supplied with different gaseous fuels such as butane, propane, natural gas, etc.
- the apparatus according to the invention may also include one or more admissions of liquid fuels opening at the upper part of the interior body 4 and connected to one or more tanks containing these fuels.
- This or these liquid admissions can be permanently fixed to the upper part of the casing 1 of the device and can have various shapes (distribution manifold, single pipe, etc.). They can also be constituted by end pieces 31 of pipes not fixed to the device and connected by means of flexible pipes to one or more auxiliary tanks (not shown). In this case, when you want to burn a liquid, just introduce the or the inlet nozzles in the upper part of the appliance, through the opening 10. It is emphasized that it is possible to burn several combustible liquids simultaneously, certain products being able to be burned to cancel the harmful effects resulting from the combustion of 'others products.
- the ash drawers 3a, 3b have a rear wall 3c movable from rear to front and vice versa, this movable wall being connected to a 3d handle disposed in front of the front wall 3e said drawers, by means of a movable frame 33.
- the movable rear wall 3c makes it possible to scrape the bottom 3g of the ash drawers and to bring forward the ashes collected therein. It can also be mounted with a tilting ability around a horizontal axis x-x located halfway up said wall.
- the front wall 3e of the drawers 3a, 3b, is provided with a mouth 3f capable of being connected to a suction pipe A of a vacuum cleaner device making it possible to empty said drawers.
- the latter are also equipped, in their front part, with a fixed vertical wall 29 provided with openings 30 partially delimited by the bottom 3g of said drawers.
- This perforated wall 29 makes it possible to screen the ashes during their suction, this screening avoiding obstruction of the vacuum hose.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69303363T DE69303363D1 (de) | 1992-03-17 | 1993-03-16 | Verbrennungsvorrichtung für feste oder feste/flüssige brennstoffe |
EP93920558A EP0630462B1 (fr) | 1992-03-17 | 1993-03-16 | Appareil de combustion utilisant des combustibles solides ou solides/liquides |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR929203475A FR2688868B1 (fr) | 1992-03-17 | 1992-03-17 | Appareil de combustion utilisant des combustibles solides et/ou liquides. |
FR92/03475 | 1992-03-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993019324A1 true WO1993019324A1 (fr) | 1993-09-30 |
Family
ID=9427974
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1993/000260 WO1993019324A1 (fr) | 1992-03-17 | 1993-03-16 | Appareil de combustion utilisant des combustibles solides et/ou liquides |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0630462B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE139833T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU3756993A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69303363D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2688868B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1993019324A1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2761458A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-02 | Olmotti Humbert Marin | Incinerateur de dechets liquides, pateux et solides |
CN103982919A (zh) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-08-13 | 重庆汇源火锅研究所 | 多功能炉灶 |
CN107228369A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 生物质锅炉的料排结构 |
CN107228347A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 一种生物质蒸汽锅炉 |
CN107228370A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 用于生物质锅炉的料排 |
CN107228482A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 生物质蒸汽锅炉系统 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1393286B1 (it) * | 2009-03-06 | 2012-04-12 | Thermorossi Spa | Bruciatore per stufa alimentata con combustibili solidi |
AT514525B1 (de) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-05-15 | Josef Lumper | Verbrennungsofen |
FR3026825A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-08 | Jeorg Fingas | Foyer a gaz issu de combustible solide |
ITUB20155566A1 (it) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-13 | Sida Pirolisi S R L S | Stufa pirolitica |
RU2625189C1 (ru) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-07-12 | Олег Савельевич Кочетов | Система утилизации мокрых углеродсодержащих отходов |
CN107965779A (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-27 | 佘峰 | 一种震动式锅炉用炉渣收集装置 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2152653A (en) * | 1983-11-03 | 1985-08-07 | Edward Truch | Grate assemblies |
FR2603686A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-11 | Olmotti Humbert Marin | Appareil de chauffage universel |
-
1992
- 1992-03-17 FR FR929203475A patent/FR2688868B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-03-16 AT AT93920558T patent/ATE139833T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-16 WO PCT/FR1993/000260 patent/WO1993019324A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1993-03-16 EP EP93920558A patent/EP0630462B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-16 DE DE69303363T patent/DE69303363D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-16 AU AU37569/93A patent/AU3756993A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2152653A (en) * | 1983-11-03 | 1985-08-07 | Edward Truch | Grate assemblies |
FR2603686A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-11 | Olmotti Humbert Marin | Appareil de chauffage universel |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2761458A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-02 | Olmotti Humbert Marin | Incinerateur de dechets liquides, pateux et solides |
WO1998044297A1 (fr) | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-08 | Olmotti Humbert Marin | Incinerateur et procede d'incineration de dechets liquides, pateux et solides |
CN103982919A (zh) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-08-13 | 重庆汇源火锅研究所 | 多功能炉灶 |
CN107228369A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 生物质锅炉的料排结构 |
CN107228347A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 一种生物质蒸汽锅炉 |
CN107228370A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 用于生物质锅炉的料排 |
CN107228482A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 生物质蒸汽锅炉系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3756993A (en) | 1993-10-21 |
FR2688868B1 (fr) | 1994-06-17 |
EP0630462B1 (fr) | 1996-06-26 |
FR2688868A1 (fr) | 1993-09-24 |
EP0630462A1 (fr) | 1994-12-28 |
ATE139833T1 (de) | 1996-07-15 |
DE69303363D1 (de) | 1996-08-01 |
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