Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
  • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
  • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium

Definitions

• the invention relates to an apparatus to transfer heat from a dirty liquid, for example waste water, to a clean liquid.
• waste water from a building can have a temperature of 40-50 degrees Celsius during dish washing or other washing processes. There are in fact considerable quanti ⁇ ties of energy that are lost with waste water. If this lost ener ⁇ gy could be used to heat incoming cold water, which is usually about 5-15 degrees C. then heating costs could be conciderably reduced.
• a heat pipe is a closed system where heat can be transferred continual y by a vapour from the area of vaporization to the area of condensation.
• the condensed vapour returns to the area of evaporation by gravity and by capillary action in a wick or porous layer .
• the use of a collection vessel results in waste collection there.
• the collection vessel must be cleaned often to avoid bad smells and a risk of blockage.
• SUBSTITUTE SHEET A heat exchanger that can be used for larger buildings should be able to operate with a high efficiency without requiring a collection vessel, and to be able to cope with toilet water to avoid high installation costs.
• the invention relates to an apparatus for heat transfer from a pipe that functions as a normal waste pipe to the pipe or pipes carrying the fresh water using the heat pipe principle.
• a heat pipe works at almost constant temperature.
• a heat ex ⁇ changer for waste water operates at temperatures rangeing from 5 degrees C. to 50 degrees C. It is therefore necessary for the heat transfer to occur in several sections.
• the counterflow heat exchanger consists of several heat pipes coupled in series.
• the temperature of waste water can change rapidly and to obtain a high efficiency it is necessary that the heat exchanger quickly reacts to the waste water temperature. This is obtained by using a light plate construction for the heat exchanger and the quanti ⁇ ty liquid and vapour funktioning as the heat transfer medium in the heat pipe being small. It is possible to have a small quanti ⁇ ty of heat transfer medium because the exterior surface of the waste water pipe is covered by a porous layer which sucks up the heat transfer medium from which it boils.
• a heat pipe has the property that heat only flows in one direc ⁇ tion. This is necessary in a waste water heat exchanger.
• Fig. 1 shows an axial cross section of a heat pipe.
• Fig. 2 shows a transverse cross section
• Fig. 3 shows a joint between two heat pipes.
• Fig. 4 and 5 shows complete heat exchangers.
• Fig. 1 and fig. 2 shows that the heat pipe is made up of an outer pipe 1, end plates 2, a waste pipe 3 and a fresh water pipe 4.
• the waste pipe is equipped with a longitudinal rib 5 and can be equipped with reinforcement rings 6.
• the exterior surface of the waste pipe is covered with porous layer 7 which has the property of being able to suck up the heat transfer medium.
• the ends of the fresh water pipes are fitted with strong sections 8.
• the fresh water pipes can be equipped with flanges or other protrusions to increase heat transfer during condensation of the heat transfer medium.
• the heat pipe is made of metal and joined to form a gastight construction.
• the outer pipe 1 is equipped with a safety valve or melting plug to avoid bursting if the heat exchanger should be over ⁇ heated.
• the space has a certain fixed quantity of heat transfer medium, which evapourates easily.
• Fig. 3 shows the heat pipe section are joined together to make a complete counterflow heat exchanger.
• the waste water pipes are joined by a sleeve 12.
• the fresh water pipes are joined by a coupling pipe 13.
• the complete heat ex ⁇ changer is covered by insulation 15.
• Fig. 4 shows a complete heat exchanger.
• the heat pipes coupled in series replace a section of standard waste pipe 17a, 17b.
• Fresh water is supplied through pipe 18 and leaves by pipe 19.
• Fig. 5 shows a heat exchanger with a circulating system on the fresh water side.
• the flow rates of waste water and fresh water were difficult then this can increase the effi ⁇ ciency.
• a difficult condition could occur if the heat exchanger was connected to a relatively little building where the flows of waste and fresh water did not occure at the same time and it would then be suitable to have store of fresh water which continually circulated througn the fresh water pipes.
• the heat pipes are divided into representatives. Each group is equipped with
• the generas are series coupled by pipe 22.
• a heat exchanger made according to the above description is installed in a small hospital, where it replaces part of the waste pipe. It has functioned for several years without requiring any maintenance and a constant high efficiency.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20385325

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (6)

Citations (4)

• 1992
  • 1992-02-17 SE SE9200449A patent/SE469355B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-11-26 JP JP4339650A patent/JP2548667B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-12-02 TW TW081109665A patent/TW207001B/zh active
  • 1992-12-11 KR KR1019920023914A patent/KR950014043B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-02-15 WO PCT/SE1993/000114 patent/WO1993016344A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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