WO1993002385A1 - Photographic reproduction by light movement - Google Patents
Photographic reproduction by light movement Download PDFInfo
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- WO1993002385A1 WO1993002385A1 PCT/FR1992/000645 FR9200645W WO9302385A1 WO 1993002385 A1 WO1993002385 A1 WO 1993002385A1 FR 9200645 W FR9200645 W FR 9200645W WO 9302385 A1 WO9302385 A1 WO 9302385A1
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- Prior art keywords
- reproduced
- lighting
- light source
- light
- film
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000032766 Device expulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
- G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
- G03B15/03—Combinations of cameras with lighting apparatus; Flash units
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
- G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
- G03B15/06—Special arrangements of screening, diffusing, or reflecting devices, e.g. in studio
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of photographic reproduction of certain regulated surfaces (planes, cylinders or cones) based on the controlled movement of a lighting device near the surface to be reproduced according to a double enslaved travelli (patent application no . 91-08897 Paris, July 15, 1991).
- the camera farther from the surface to be reproduced than the lighting system, is prepared so that the film is exposed for the duration of the movement of the light.
- the dual tracking device is perfectly removable and transportable, which makes it conform to the uses of professional photographers. To date, two lighting techniques have been used in the photographic reproduction of works of art or architecture.
- the first consists in illuminating the entire surface to be reproduced by two (o several) lamp systems located on either side of the surface. These systems diffuse a light chosen by the operator which reaches the surface with an angle of incidence of around 45 ° .
- the adjustment consists in balancing these two side lights.
- the second technique is based on the old principle of overprinting (1908 It is used, for example, for shooting in architecture. Its principle consists in exposing the film to precise and intermittent lighting, the operator
- SHEET ⁇ r. ⁇ ⁇ PL C- ⁇ ⁇ MT composing reproduction through the play of their succession.
- this technique poses insoluble problems of covering the surface to be reproduced.
- a process addresses some of these difficulties in the case of flat surfaces of fixed and limited dimensions ("Scanning light System"patent; United States, n ° 462942 February 1, 1983; Europe, n ° 0124195, October 19, 1988).
- a light source and reflector sweeps by snaking the surface to be reproduced, they circulate on a tubular porti in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The source is orientable in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement and to the surface, at an angle varying from 40 ° to 80 ° with the vertical.
- the cell offered by an infrared filter does not always satisfy the owners of the works.
- the arbitrary limitation of the orientation of the lighting to a deflection at a degree of freedom from 40 ° to 80 ° certain textures or certain pictorial processes being able to justify a two-dimensional adjustment (from 0 to 180 around the vertical of the lit place, from 0 ° to 180 ° relative to this vertical).
- the excessive limitation, in the description of the process and its method, of choices which, in fact, involve the know-how of the photographer of each work to be reproduced: reflector, light source, film, speed and path of lighting.
- the present invention solves these various difficulties by distinguishing two order problems, those of mechanical displacement of the lighting in the least demanding conditions possible for the photographer (use of a process of displacement of light known as "double tracking traveling"), those photographic the restitution of the work to reproduce.
- the process thus gives the photographer complete freedom to define the single light source used, to regulate the orientation of this source relative to the generic surface element, then choose the film, and finally to adjust the aperture and exposure on the camera.
- These four settings depend in fact on the nature of the object reproduced, they implement the expertise of the skilled person.
- the double slave tracking makes possible the effective use of a single mobile flash thanks to which the exposure of the film takes place in overprinting. The disadvantages of the techniques mentioned are thus avoided.
- the registers of double tracking rules ensure the suitability of the new photographic process for a wide range of objects to be reproduced and allows the deployment of all the resources known to specialist photographers.
- This double tracking tracking system for its principle, consists of moving a carriage surmounted by a mast adjustable in height on a traditional tracking shot, at the top of which an articulation accommodates, in balance, a second device whose azimuth and adjustable ("orientable tracking" , patent application No. 91-08870, Paris, 15 juille 1991).
- This second device consists of two parallel head-to-tail rails, separated by spacers. On one of them circulates a support provided with a double ball joint on which the lighting for the present invention is fixed. On the other symmetrically circulates a counterweight.
- the center of gravity of the traveling tracking is always located at the top of the mast, which ensures the stability of the whole and contributes the regularity of the carriage movement.
- the two displacements that of the light support on its rail and that of the trolley on the ground, are controlled
- This set in common configurations (work located up to several meters high, of a width of several meters, of a length whatever), is removable and portable Its mounting and adjustment is in accordance with the working habits of the shooting profession.
- Electromechanical process (relay + dimmers + timers), photo ⁇ electric (cells), or electronic (programming), or any combination thereof.
- This control defines the scanning of the light source on the surface to be reproduced. It can take all the paths characterized by the displacement of a point on the line of generation of a regulated surface. Several passages are possible, each of them covering all or part of the surface, the characteristics of the light source (intensity, filtering) being able to be changed between two passages. 4 - Shooting
- the camera In art photography, the camera is generally more distant from the work than the lighting, its position depending on the field to be captured. Left to the discretion of the photographer.
- This process is mainly intended for the photography of works of art, decorations, tapestries, maps or plans which follow a flat, conical or cylindrical surface of any inclination and length, with a width of several meters and located at any height above the ground
- it is particularly suitable for the reproduction of paintings (vertical planes), possibly without the need to deposit an original (inclined planes); large frescoes, walls or tapestries (vertical planes); non-planar wall decorations (vertical cylinders); decorated ceilings (horizontal or inclined planes, cones).
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Cameras Adapted For Combination With Other Photographic Or Optical Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
A method for the photographic reproduction of certain defined surfaces based on the guided movement of a lighting device near the surface to be reproduced by means of a controlled dolly having two degrees of mobility (patent application no. 91-08897, Paris, 15 July 1991). The filming apparatus, which is located further away from said surface than is the lighting system, is arranged in such a way that the film is exposed during the time the light is in motion. This method is mainly designed for photographing works of art, drawings, sets, tapestries or maps which are mounted on plane, conical or cylindrical surfaces, regardless of their slope and length, which are several metres wide and located at any height above the ground. Each of these parameters is taken into account when settings are made prior to shooting.
Description
REPRODUCTION PHOTOGRAPHIQUE PAR DEPLACEMENT DE LUMIER PHOTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION BY MOVING LIGHT
L'invention concerne un procédé de reproduction photographique de certaines surfaces réglées (plans, cylindres ou cônes) fondé sur le déplacement piloté d'un dispositif d'éclairage à proximité de la surface à reproduire selon un double travelli asservi (demande de brevet n°91-08897 Paris, le 15 juillet 1991). L'appareil de prise de vue, plus éloigné de la surface à reproduire que le système d'éclairage, est prépa de telle sorte que la pellicule se trouve exposée pendant la durée du déplacement d la lumière. Dans les configurations les plus courantes, le dispositif de double travelling asservi est parfaitement démontable et transportable, ce qui le rend conforme aux usages des photographes professionnels. Deux techniques d'éclairage sont à ce jour mises en oeuvre dans la reproduction photographique des oeuvres d'art ou d'architecture.The invention relates to a method of photographic reproduction of certain regulated surfaces (planes, cylinders or cones) based on the controlled movement of a lighting device near the surface to be reproduced according to a double enslaved travelli (patent application no . 91-08897 Paris, July 15, 1991). The camera, farther from the surface to be reproduced than the lighting system, is prepared so that the film is exposed for the duration of the movement of the light. In the most common configurations, the dual tracking device is perfectly removable and transportable, which makes it conform to the uses of professional photographers. To date, two lighting techniques have been used in the photographic reproduction of works of art or architecture.
La première consiste à éclairer l'ensemble de la surface à reproduire par deux (o plusieurs) systèmes de lampes situés de part et d'autre de la surface. Ces systèmes diffusent une lumière choisie par l'opérateur qui atteind la surface avec un angle d'incidence d'environ 45°. L'ajustement consiste à équilibrer ces deux éclairages latéraux. Les inconvénients de ce procédé sont les suivants :The first consists in illuminating the entire surface to be reproduced by two (o several) lamp systems located on either side of the surface. These systems diffuse a light chosen by the operator which reaches the surface with an angle of incidence of around 45 ° . The adjustment consists in balancing these two side lights. The disadvantages of this process are as follows:
- l'équilibrage des sources lumineuses est difficile.- balancing of light sources is difficult.
- l'utilisation de plusieurs sources lumineuses induit des écarts intempestifs de température de couleur, et par exemple des effets de jaunissement unilatéral ou loc de la photographie.- the use of several light sources induces untimely differences in color temperature, and for example unilateral or loc yellowing effects in the photograph.
- le double éclairage, en gommant les effets d'ombre, déforme l'impression visuelle, ce qui empêche la restitution de la texture fine de la surface à reproduire ou bien de certaines techniques picturales (peinture au couteau par exemple).- the double lighting, by erasing the shadow effects, distorts the visual impression, which prevents the restitution of the fine texture of the surface to be reproduced or of certain pictorial techniques (painting with a knife for example).
- des zones de reflets et des zones d'ombres perturbent les effets voulus par l'artiste. - ce dernier inconvénient est particulièrement rédhibitoire dans le cas d'oeuvres de grandes dimensions, ou de décors.- areas of reflections and areas of shadows disturb the effects desired by the artist. - This last drawback is particularly unacceptable in the case of large works, or decorations.
La seconde technique est fondée sur le principe ancien de la-surimpression (1908 Elle est utilisée, par exemple, pour la prise de vues en architecture. Son principe consiste à exposer la pellicule à des éclairages précis et intermittents, l'opérateurThe second technique is based on the old principle of overprinting (1908 It is used, for example, for shooting in architecture. Its principle consists in exposing the film to precise and intermittent lighting, the operator
FEUILLE ≤ r.Ξ ïPL C-^ΞMT
composant la reproduction par le jeu de leur succession. Appliquée sans autre élaboration à la photographie d'art qui appelle un éclairage uniforme de l'objet reproduit, cette technique pose des problèmes insolubles de recouvrement de la surface à reproduire. Un procédé répond à certaines de ces difficultés dans le cas de surfaces planes dimensions fixes et limitées (brevet "Scanning light System" ; Etats Unis, n°462942 1er février 1983 ; Europe, n°0124195, 19 octobre 1988). Une source de lumière et réflecteur balayent en serpentant la surface à reproduire, ils circulent sur un porti tubulaire en forme de parallélépipède rectangulaire. La source est orientable dans plan perpendiculaire à la direction de déplacement et à la surface, selon un angle variant de 40° à 80° avec la verticale. Plusieurs inconvénients se présentent alors :SHEET ≤ r.Ξ ïPL C- ^ ΞMT composing reproduction through the play of their succession. Applied without further elaboration to art photography which calls for uniform lighting of the reproduced object, this technique poses insoluble problems of covering the surface to be reproduced. A process addresses some of these difficulties in the case of flat surfaces of fixed and limited dimensions ("Scanning light System"patent; United States, n ° 462942 February 1, 1983; Europe, n ° 0124195, October 19, 1988). A light source and reflector sweeps by snaking the surface to be reproduced, they circulate on a tubular porti in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The source is orientable in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement and to the surface, at an angle varying from 40 ° to 80 ° with the vertical. Several disadvantages then arise:
- la nécessité de monter, pour chaque classe d'oeuvres d'art caractérisé par leurs dimensions, un appareillage tubulaire de guidage ad hoc.- the need to mount, for each class of works of art characterized by their dimensions, an ad hoc tubular guide device.
- la lourdeur et la difficulté de mise en oeuvre du dispositif dans le cas de la reproduction de vastes surfaces.- the heaviness and the difficulty of implementing the device in the case of reproducing large areas.
- les limites du procédé en matière de nature des surfaces reproductible : ce sont nécessairement des plans verticaux proches du soi Des configurations non planes induiraient des effets intempestifs de luminosité. Les décors muraux éloignés des observateurs, les plafonds, ne sont accessibles qu'au prix de montages d'échafauda Des tableaux accrochés non verticalement (cas pourtant le plus fréquent dans les musées ou les galeries) appellent des manipulations de dépose ou bien des calages dispositif tubulaire qui le rendent instable, au péril des oeuvres à reproduire.- the limits of the process as regards the nature of the reproducible surfaces: these are necessarily vertical planes close to the self. Non-planar configurations would induce untimely effects of luminosity. The wall decorations distant from the observers, the ceilings, are only accessible at the cost of scaffold fixtures Tables hung not vertically (however the most frequent case in museums or galleries) call for manipulation of the fixtures or even setting the device tubular which make it unstable, risking the works to be reproduced.
- la faiblesse de la protection thermique accordée aux oeuvres photographiées : cell offerte par un filtre infra-rouge ne satisfait pas toujours les détenteurs des oeuvres. - la limitation arbitraire de l'orientation de l'éclairage à un débattement à un degré liberté de 40° à 80°, certaines textures ou certains procédés picturaux pouvant o o justifier un réglage bi-dimensionnel (de 0 à 180 autour de la verticale du lieu éclairé, de 0° à 180° par rapport à cette verticale).
- d'une manière générale la limitation excessive, dans la description du procédé e sa méthode, de choix qui, en fait, mettent enjeu le savoir faire du photographe d chaque oeuvre à reproduire : réflecteur, source lumineuse, pellicule, vitesse et cheminement de l'éclairage. La présente invention résout ces diverses difficultés en distinguant deux ordre problèmes, ceux mécaniques du déplacement de l'éclairage dans des conditions le moins astreignantes possible pour le photographe (utilisation d'un procédé de déplacement de lumière dit de "double travelling asservi"), ceux photographiques la restitution de l'oeuvre à reproduire. Le procédé laisse ainsi toute latitude au photographe pour la définition de la source lumineuse unique utilisée, pour le rég de l'orientation de cette source relativement à l'élément générique de surface écl le choix de la pellicule, enfin pour le réglage de l'ouverture et de l'exposition sur l'appareil de prise de vue. Ces quatre réglages dépendent en effet de la nature de l'objet reproduit, ils mettent en oeuvre le savoir faire de l'homme de métier. Le double travelling asservi rend possible l'utilisation effective d'un seul éclair mobile grâce auquel l'exposition de la pellicule s'effectue en surimpression. Les inconvénients des techniques mentionnées sont ainsi évités. Les registres des régla du double travelling assurent l'adéquation du nouveau procédé photographique à vaste gamme d'objets à reproduire et permet de déployer sans exclusive l'ensembl des ressources connues des photographes spécialisés.- the weakness of the thermal protection granted to the photographed works: the cell offered by an infrared filter does not always satisfy the owners of the works. - the arbitrary limitation of the orientation of the lighting to a deflection at a degree of freedom from 40 ° to 80 ° , certain textures or certain pictorial processes being able to justify a two-dimensional adjustment (from 0 to 180 around the vertical of the lit place, from 0 ° to 180 ° relative to this vertical). - in general, the excessive limitation, in the description of the process and its method, of choices which, in fact, involve the know-how of the photographer of each work to be reproduced: reflector, light source, film, speed and path of lighting. The present invention solves these various difficulties by distinguishing two order problems, those of mechanical displacement of the lighting in the least demanding conditions possible for the photographer (use of a process of displacement of light known as "double tracking traveling"), those photographic the restitution of the work to reproduce. The process thus gives the photographer complete freedom to define the single light source used, to regulate the orientation of this source relative to the generic surface element, then choose the film, and finally to adjust the aperture and exposure on the camera. These four settings depend in fact on the nature of the object reproduced, they implement the expertise of the skilled person. The double slave tracking makes possible the effective use of a single mobile flash thanks to which the exposure of the film takes place in overprinting. The disadvantages of the techniques mentioned are thus avoided. The registers of double tracking rules ensure the suitability of the new photographic process for a wide range of objects to be reproduced and allows the deployment of all the resources known to specialist photographers.
Ce double travelling asservi, pour son principe, consiste à déplacer sur un travelling traditionnel un chariot surmonté d'un mât réglable en hauteur au somm duquel une articulation accueille, en équilibre, un second dispositif dont l'azimut e réglable ("travelling orientable", demande de brevet n° 91-08870, Paris, le 15 juille 1991). Ce second dispositif est constitué de deux rails parallèles tête-bêche, séparé par des entretoises. Sur l'un d'entre eux circule un support doté d'une double rotul sur laquelle est fixé l'éclairage pour la présente invention. Sur l'autre circule symétriquement un contrepoids. Le centre de gravité du travelling orientable est toujours situé au sommet du mât, ce qui assure la stabilité de l'ensemble et contrib
à la régularité du déplacement du chariot. Les deux déplacements, celui du suppor lumière sur son rail et celui du chariot au sol, sont asservi Cet ensemble, dans des configurations courantes (oeuvre située jusqu'à plusieurs mètres de haut, d'une largeur de plusieurs mètres, d'une longueur quelconque), est démontable et portab Son montage et son réglage est conforme aux habitudes de travail des professionn de la prise de vue.This double tracking tracking system, for its principle, consists of moving a carriage surmounted by a mast adjustable in height on a traditional tracking shot, at the top of which an articulation accommodates, in balance, a second device whose azimuth and adjustable ("orientable tracking" , patent application No. 91-08870, Paris, 15 juille 1991). This second device consists of two parallel head-to-tail rails, separated by spacers. On one of them circulates a support provided with a double ball joint on which the lighting for the present invention is fixed. On the other symmetrically circulates a counterweight. The center of gravity of the traveling tracking is always located at the top of the mast, which ensures the stability of the whole and contributes the regularity of the carriage movement. The two displacements, that of the light support on its rail and that of the trolley on the ground, are controlled This set, in common configurations (work located up to several meters high, of a width of several meters, of a length whatever), is removable and portable Its mounting and adjustment is in accordance with the working habits of the shooting profession.
L'ensemble des réglages imposés par ce procédé correspond aux paramètres suivants :All the settings imposed by this process correspond to the following parameters:
1 - Configuration géométrique de la surface à reproduire 1.1 - Cheminement gouvernant l'engendrement de la surface. C'est la mise au point au sol, du cheminement du travelling sur lequel va se déplacer le chariot1 - Geometric configuration of the surface to be reproduced 1.1 - Path governing the generation of the surface. It is the development on the ground, of the tracking path on which the carriage will move
1.2 - Hauteur moyenne de la surface. Réglage de la hauteur du sommet du mât1.2 - Average height of the surface. Height adjustment of the top of the mast
1.3 - Azimut de la droite d'engendrement de la surface réglé. Réglage de la position du travelling orientable en tête du mât 2 - Source lumineuse (Voir aussi le paramètre 3.4).1.3 - Azimuth of the line generating the set surface. Adjustment of the position of the traveling tracking at the top of the mast 2 - Light source (See also parameter 3.4).
2.1 - Choix de la source lumineuse. Laissé à l'appréciation du photographe.2.1 - Choice of the light source. Left to the discretion of the photographer.
2.2 - Choix du dispositif éventuel de réflexion de la lumière. Laissé à l'appréciation photographe.2.2 - Choice of the possible light reflection device. Left to photographer appreciation.
2.3 - Choix des filtres. Laissé à l'appréciation du photographe. 2.4 - Adaptation du dispositif de refroidissement Expulsion par ventilation de l'air chaud produit par l'éclairage et/ou filtre infra-rouge. 3 - Orientation et déplacement de la source lumineuse sur son support 3.1 - Orientation à deux degrés de liberté de la source sur son support Laissé à l'appréciation du photographe. _ 3.2 - Amplitude de circulation du support dans son déplacement linéaire. Bornes électromécaniques (relais) ou photo-électriques, ou bien programmation. 3.3 - Vitesse de circulation du support pendant ce déplacement linéaire. Paramètre d l'intensité de l'éclairage réglé par variateur ou par programmation.
3.4 - Asservissement du déplacement linéaire du support au cheminement du doub travelling. Procédé électromécanique (relais +variateurs+minuteurs), photo¬ électrique (cellules), ou électronique (programmation), ou toute combinaison ceux-ci Cet asservissement définit le balayage de la source lumineuse sur la surface à reproduire. Il peut prendre tous les cheminements caractérisés par l déplacement d'un point sur la droite d'engendrement d'une surface réglée. Plusieurs passages sont possibles, chacun d'entre eux recouvrant tout ou parti de la surface, les caractéristiques de la source lumineuse (intensité, filtrage) pouvant être changées entre deux passages. 4 - Prise de vue2.3 - Choice of filters. Left to the discretion of the photographer. 2.4 - Adaptation of the cooling device Expulsion by ventilation of the hot air produced by the lighting and / or infrared filter. 3 - Orientation and displacement of the light source on its support 3.1 - Orientation with two degrees of freedom of the source on its support Left to the appreciation of the photographer. _ 3.2 - Amplitude of circulation of the support in its linear displacement. Electromechanical (relay) or photoelectric terminals, or programming. 3.3 - Speed of circulation of the support during this linear displacement. Light intensity parameter adjusted by dimmer or by programming. 3.4 - Control of the linear displacement of the support to the path of the double traveling. Electromechanical process (relay + dimmers + timers), photo¬ electric (cells), or electronic (programming), or any combination thereof. This control defines the scanning of the light source on the surface to be reproduced. It can take all the paths characterized by the displacement of a point on the line of generation of a regulated surface. Several passages are possible, each of them covering all or part of the surface, the characteristics of the light source (intensity, filtering) being able to be changed between two passages. 4 - Shooting
4.1 - Positionnement de l'appareil de prise de vues. En photographie d'art, l'appare est en général plus éloigné de l'oeuvre que l'éclairage, sa position dépendant champ à saisir. Laissé à l'appréciation du photographe.4.1 - Positioning of the camera. In art photography, the camera is generally more distant from the work than the lighting, its position depending on the field to be captured. Left to the discretion of the photographer.
4.2 - Choix de la pellicule. Laissé à l'appréciation du photographe. 4.3 - Réglage de l'exposition. La pellicule se trouve exposée lors du déplacement de lumière. Le reste est laissé à l'appréciation du photographe. 4.4 - Elimination des lueurs intempestives. Mise en place de caches sur les éléments du dispositif qui le nécessitent Laissé à l'appréciation du photographe. Ce procédé est principalement destiné à la photographie d'oeuvres d'art, de décors, de tapisseries, de cartes ou de plans qui épousent une surface plane, coniqu ou cylindrique d'inclinaison et de longueur quelconques, d'une largeur de plusieurs mètres et située à une hauteur quelconque du soi Comme tel, il est tout particulièrement adapté à la reproduction de tableaux (plans verticaux), éventuellement sans qu'une dépose de 'original ne soit nécessaire (plans inclinés) ; fresques, de murs ou de tapisseries de grandes dimensions (plan verticaux) ; de déc muraux non plans (cylindres verticaux) ; de plafonds décorés (plans horizontaux ou inclinés, cônes).
4.2 - Choice of film. Left to the discretion of the photographer. 4.3 - Adjusting the exposure. The film is exposed when the light moves. The rest is left to the discretion of the photographer. 4.4 - Elimination of unwanted light. Placing of covers on the elements of the device that require it Left to the appreciation of the photographer. This process is mainly intended for the photography of works of art, decorations, tapestries, maps or plans which follow a flat, conical or cylindrical surface of any inclination and length, with a width of several meters and located at any height above the ground As such, it is particularly suitable for the reproduction of paintings (vertical planes), possibly without the need to deposit an original (inclined planes); large frescoes, walls or tapestries (vertical planes); non-planar wall decorations (vertical cylinders); decorated ceilings (horizontal or inclined planes, cones).
Claims
(1) la mise en oeuvre d'un moyen de guidage linéaire parallèle au sol sur lequel circule un chariot qui transporte le reste du dispositif ;(1) the implementation of a linear guide means parallel to the ground on which circulates a trolley which transports the rest of the device;
(2) le montage sur ce chariot d'un mât vertical ;(2) mounting a vertical mast on this carriage;
(3) le montage en tête de ce mât vertical d'un moyen de guidage linéaire dont l'aplomb du centre de gravité est sur le chariot mentionné à l'étape (1) ;(3) mounting at the head of this vertical mast a linear guide means whose center of gravity is on the carriage mentioned in step (1);
(4) l'ajustement de l'azimut du guidage mentionné à l'étape précédente ; (4) adjusting the azimuth of the guidance mentioned in the previous step;
(5) le montage sur le chariot du guidage mentionné à l'étape (3) d'un dispositif d'éclairage photographique usuel (lampe, réflecteur, filtres) générateur d'une tache lumineuse de température de couleur stable d'un diamètre de quelques dizaines de centimètres sur la surface à reproduire ;(5) mounting on the carriage of the guide mentioned in step (3) a usual photographic lighting device (lamp, reflector, filters) generating a light spot of stable color temperature with a diameter of a few tens of centimeters on the surface to be reproduced;
(6) le réglage de l'angle d'incidence de la lumière par rapport à la surface à reproduire, selon deux degrés de liberté par rapport à la verticale de l'élément de surface éclairé (angle par rapport à cette verticale et rotation autour d'elle), l'incidence relative restant quasi constante au cours du déplacement de la source lumineuse ;(6) adjusting the angle of incidence of the light relative to the surface to be reproduced, according to two degrees of freedom relative to the vertical of the illuminated surface element (angle relative to this vertical and rotation around of it), the relative incidence remaining almost constant during the movement of the light source;
(7) l'ajustement des deux guidages mentionnés précédemment par rapport à la surface à reproduire de telle sorte que la source lumineuse se déplace sur une surface à peu près parallèle à celle qui doit être reproduite, la distance entre ces deux surfaces restant inférieure à un mètre ;(7) the adjustment of the two guides mentioned above in relation to the surface to be reproduced such that the light source moves on a surface approximately parallel to that which must be reproduced, the distance between these two surfaces remaining less than a meter ;
(8) la mise en oeuvre d'un appareil de prise de vue photographique à une distance de la surface à reproduire sensiblement plus grande que celle qui sépare la source lumineuse de cette même surface, cet appareil étant équipé d'une pellicule de nature quelconque (noir et blanc ou couleur) ;(8) the use of a photographic camera at a distance from the surface to be reproduced substantially greater than that which separates the light source from this same surface, this apparatus being equipped with a film of any nature (black and white or color);
(9) la création, lors de la prise de vue, d'un environnement assez sombre pour que les parties non éclairées par la source lumineuse n'affectent pas la pellicule ;(9) the creation, when shooting, of an environment dark enough so that the parts not illuminated by the light source do not affect the film;
(10) l'exposition de la pellicule pendant le déplacement de la source lumineuse sur toutes les parties de la surface à reproduire, déplacement effectué par le moyen d'un automate qui pilote les deux guidages (dispositif de double travelling asservi) ;
(11) l'utilisation pour l'ensemble décrit aux étapes précédentes d'un dispositi intégré aisément transportable et démontable, constitué des deux systèmes d guidages, du mât et d'un boitier pour l'électronique de pilotage, la mise en oeuvr étant réduite à l'assemblage de ces quatre composantes et aux réglage mentionnés précédemment, étant entendu qu'il n'est pas ici nécessaire d déplacer la surface à reproduire.(10) the exposure of the film during the movement of the light source over all parts of the surface to be reproduced, movement carried out by means of an automaton which controls the two guides (controlled double tracking device); (11) the use for the assembly described in the preceding stages of an integrated device that is easily transportable and removable, consisting of the two guiding systems, the mast and a box for the control electronics, the implementation being reduced to the assembly of these four components and the adjustments mentioned previously, it being understood that it is not necessary here to move the surface to be reproduced.
2) Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le guidage au sol (étape 1) engendre un cheminement non linéaire.2) Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the ground guidance (step 1) generates a non-linear path.
3) Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le mât vertical (étape 2) est télescopique.3) Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the vertical mast (step 2) is telescopic.
4) Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la prise de vue (étape 10) n'est pas l'exposition d'une pellicule mais un procédé électronique de numérisation.4) Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the shooting (step 10) is not the exposure of a film but an electronic digitization process.
5) Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'on effectue plusieurs balayages des différentes parties de la surface à reproduire, la mise au point de l'éclairage et celle de l'appareil de prise de vue pouvant être changée entre deux séries de balayages. 6) Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'on supprime au moyen de caches les reflets intempestifs qui pourraient affecter l'exposition de la pellicule.
5) Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that several scans are carried out of the different parts of the surface to be reproduced, the focus of the lighting and that of the camera being able to be changed between two series of scans. 6) Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that unwanted reflections which could affect the exposure of the film are removed by means of masks.
DECLARATION SELON L'ARTICLE 19DECLARATION UNDER ARTICLE 19
Dans la nouvelle rédaction des revendications, la partie caractérisante de l revendication 1 a été refondue et assortie de revendications complémentaires afin d mettre mieux en évidence la nouveauté du dispositif d'éclairage présenté.In the new wording of the claims, the characterizing part of claim 1 has been recast and accompanied by additional claims in order to better highlight the novelty of the lighting device presented.
Comme dans US-A-4383287 (Fette, 1981) et EP-A-0124195 (Hixon, 1984) le procédé relève de la technique bien connue de la reproduction photographique pa surimpression et déplacement de lumière.As in US-A-4383287 (Fette, 1981) and EP-A-0124195 (Hixon, 1984) the process relates to the well-known technique of photographic reproduction by overprinting and displacement of light.
A la différence de US-A-4383287 (Fette, 1981), la source lumineuse est de petit taille par rapport au sujet ; elle ne tourne pas autour du sujet mais reste toujours quasi parallèle à la surface à reproduire et à la surface de prise de vue. Le présent procéd assure ainsi la mise au point d'effets d'ombre que le procédé antérieur visait à fair disparaître.Unlike US-A-4383287 (Fette, 1981), the light source is small in relation to the subject; it does not revolve around the subject but always remains almost parallel to the surface to be reproduced and to the shooting surface. The present process thus ensures the development of shadow effects that the previous process aimed to make disappear.
A la différence de EP-A-0124195 (Hixon, 1984) et US-A-4755912 (Gamma One Conversions inc, 1988), la surface de déplacement de la lumière n'est pa nécessairement verticale, ni même plane si besoin est ; la source de lumière peut-êtr orientée selon deux degrés de liberté ; le présent procédé n'est pas dépendant d l'utilisation d'une catégorie particulière de pellicules ; l'ensemble du présent dispositi est intégré, automatisé et effectivement transportable.Unlike EP-A-0124195 (Hixon, 1984) and US-A-4755912 (Gamma One Conversions inc, 1988), the light displacement surface is not necessarily vertical, nor even plane if necessary; the light source can be oriented according to two degrees of freedom; the present process is not dependent on the use of a particular category of films; the entire present device is integrated, automated and effectively transportable.
La nouveauté du dispositif décrit réside dans la combinaison des propriété suivantes : la mécanisation retenue pour le dispositif d'éclairage et son adéquation au conditions pratiques des prises de vues ; la nature géométrique des surfaces su lesquelles la source lumineuse se déplace ; une décomposition optimale des paramètre de mise au point du déplacement de la source lumineuse et la souplesse d'utilisation qu en découle.The novelty of the device described lies in the combination of the following properties: the mechanization retained for the lighting device and its suitability for the practical conditions of the shots; the geometric nature of the surfaces on which the light source moves; an optimal decomposition of the focusing parameters of the movement of the light source and the resulting flexibility of use.
Le présent procédé a pour principe la dissociation et le traitement successif d deux problèmes pratiques rencontrés lors de la reproduction photographique de surface assez vastes comportant des effets superficiels de matière (notamment dans le cas de oeuvres d'art) :The principle of the present process is the dissociation and successive treatment of two practical problems encountered during the photographic reproduction of fairly large surfaces comprising superficial material effects (particularly in the case of works of art):
(1) l'ajustement du dispositif mécanique d'éclairage au sujet Le moyen de guidage (double travelling asservi) est conçu pour être adapté, par exemple, à un tableau ou une fresque quelque soit son emplacement ou son inclinaison et sans qu'une dépose ne soit nécessaire. Son montage est réduit à une demi-douzaine d'opérations. Sa mise au point est circonscrite à quelques réglages.
(2) la prise de vue, pour laquelle toute latitude est laissée à l'opérateur en matière d'éclairage, de vitesse de déplacement de la lumière, et de technique de reproduction (couleur, noir et blanc, numérisation), autant de choix où se joue le savoir faire des spécialistes dès lors qu'ils utilisent le dispositif et le procédé décrit(1) the adjustment of the mechanical lighting device to the subject The guiding means (double servo tracking) is designed to be adapted, for example, to a painting or a fresco whatever its location or inclination and without a removal is necessary. Its assembly is reduced to half a dozen operations. Its development is limited to a few settings. (2) the shooting, for which complete latitude is left to the operator in terms of lighting, speed of movement of light, and reproduction technique (color, black and white, scanning), as many choices where the know-how of specialists comes into play when they use the device and the process described
A la différence des procédés récents antérieurs, il ne s'agit pas, pour obtenir une reproduction de très haute qualité, de placer nécessairement l'oeuvre d'art dans un lieu réservé à la prise de vue, ni même de l'exposer à une pellicule spécifique, mais au contraire de donner aux opérateurs de prise de vue la possibilité de se déplacer jusqu'à l'oeuvre à reproduire et d'y déployer leur savoir faire, c'est-à-dire de retrouver des conditions conformes au travail de ces spécialistes alors qu'ils disposaient de moyens d'éclairage plus rudimentaires.
Unlike previous recent processes, to obtain a very high quality reproduction, it is not a question of necessarily placing the work of art in a place reserved for photography, nor even of exposing it to a specific film, but on the contrary to give camera operators the possibility of traveling to the work to be reproduced and deploying their know-how there, that is to say, finding conditions conforming to the work of these specialists when they had more rudimentary means of lighting.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9108900A FR2679343A1 (en) | 1991-07-15 | 1991-07-15 | METHOD FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION OF SURFACES ADJUSTED BY MOVING LIGHT. |
| FR91/08900 | 1991-07-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993002385A1 true WO1993002385A1 (en) | 1993-02-04 |
Family
ID=9415108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1992/000645 WO1993002385A1 (en) | 1991-07-15 | 1992-07-07 | Photographic reproduction by light movement |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2679343A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993002385A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009056104B4 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-04-18 | Iss Facility Services Gmbh | Method of photographing a photo exhibit |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR56509E (en) * | 1946-01-25 | 1952-09-26 | Rolling stand for cinematographic cameras and other sights | |
| US2802094A (en) * | 1953-01-19 | 1957-08-06 | Richard T Grosz | Photographic lighting assembly |
| US4383287A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-05-10 | Fette Frank E | Photography lighting system |
| EP0124195A2 (en) * | 1983-02-01 | 1984-11-07 | Hixon, Anthony | Scanning light system |
-
1991
- 1991-07-15 FR FR9108900A patent/FR2679343A1/en active Granted
-
1992
- 1992-07-07 WO PCT/FR1992/000645 patent/WO1993002385A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR56509E (en) * | 1946-01-25 | 1952-09-26 | Rolling stand for cinematographic cameras and other sights | |
| US2802094A (en) * | 1953-01-19 | 1957-08-06 | Richard T Grosz | Photographic lighting assembly |
| US4383287A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-05-10 | Fette Frank E | Photography lighting system |
| EP0124195A2 (en) * | 1983-02-01 | 1984-11-07 | Hixon, Anthony | Scanning light system |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009056104B4 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-04-18 | Iss Facility Services Gmbh | Method of photographing a photo exhibit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2679343A1 (en) | 1993-01-22 |
| FR2679343B1 (en) | 1994-07-13 |
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