WO1993002302A1

WO1993002302A1 - Continuous variable speed transmission

Info

Publication number: WO1993002302A1
Application number: PCT/ES1992/000052
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jorge GASCO VAÑO; Jose Enrique Peris Carrasco
Original assignee: CANO HERNANDEZ, Jose, Ramón
Priority date: 1991-07-16
Filing date: 1992-07-06
Publication date: 1993-02-04

Abstract

The structure of the device is comprised of a bevel gear (1) mounted on a primary shaft (2) and whose cone distance is parallel with a secondary shaft (11) on which is mounted a 'hedgehog' gear (12), the latter being provided with a plurality of minute retractible teeth assisted by respective springs, in case of retraction of any such teeth, during the normal displacement of the 'hedgehog' (12) on the secondary shaft (11) when butting with the teeth (6) of the conical gear (1), said 'hedgehog' being displaceable both by means of a three-position shift lever (15) and by means of a hydraulic mechanism (30) controlled in its turn by an electronic mechanism (31) which provides pulses according to the variations of engine revolutions. The primary shaft (2) and the secondary shaft (11) in addition to be related by said gears, 'cone' (1) and 'hedgehog' (12), for the forward motion of the vehicle, are also related through gears (7, 7', 9, 10) corresponding to the reverse motion, the secondary shaft (11) forming the drive transmission means towards the vehicle differential, the gears (10 or 12) being selectively interlocked to said secondary shaft as a function of the position of the synchronizer (13).

Description

Continuous transmission of variable speed.

D E S C R I P C I Ó N

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a change mechanism, especially designed for motor vehicles, a change mechanism whose structural characteristics are oriented towards the achievement of continuous traction, with the consequent advantages derived therefrom.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In conventional exchange mechanisms, whose description is not relevant because they are well known, there is a wide and varied problem, of which different aspects can be highlighted:

Each time the development changes, for the reason of change itself, the traction of the engine is lost, which brings with it acceleration and deceleration maneuvers that alter the engine speed and negatively affect its functionality.

Each change of development is accompanied by an action of the clutch mechanism, with the consequent wear or deterioration for it.

Conventional change is limited to four or five standardized developments, which only take 100% of the performance of the engine for short intervals, being most of the time

SUST ITU I DA SHEET in a situation other than that of maximum performance of the applied power.

All the problems indicated derive from the fact that in conventional changes there are several transmission paths, through respective sets of sprockets, the "changes" being made specifically by replacing the sprocket set, which at a given time is operative, by other.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The universal change traction continuously that the invention proposes solves this problem at full satisfaction in every aspect to _¬ quently discussed, while providing a number of additional advantages that will appear along the present description.

To do this, more specifically and in accordance with one of the characteristics of the invention, the change that is proposed has two fundamental components, which have been called "cone" pinion and "hedgehog" pinion, being the first one a conical pinion, as the name implies, and meshing with this conical pinion the "hedgehog" pinion, which is movable along a generatrix of the first, so that the smaller diameter end of the "cone" pinion corresponds to shorter speed and higher power for vehicle 's _¬ ass, while the wider end corresponds to the opposite situation, the higher speed and lower power.

Da ^d or by the conical configuration of the sprocket "cone" the distance between teeth varies 3 -

along the same, the sprocket "hedgehog" adopts a Configu _¬ special ration, so that, starting from a relatively similar to that of a conventional sprocket cylindrical body, their teeth are not fixed and straight along its generatrices, but is multiple teeth (within each generatrix), which are also retractable so that along the moving _¬ ment of the pinion hedgehog on the pinion cone ag _ü e _¬ single tooth of the first leaving to be temporarily facing slots first, retract, moving to an inoperative situation, reali _¬ zándose transmission through other teeth and resul _¬ Tando so impossible that may be damaged by descuadres than normal and permanently have produ _¬ Cirse

As a complement to the described structure and as another characteristic of the invention, the "cone" pinion is mounted and keyed to the drive shaft, that is, to the motor output shaft, axis to which the drive pinion is also conveniently attached. _¬ sponding to reverse, consisting of a conventional sprocket, while the sprocket "hedgehog" is mounted with freedom of rotation, to the same as the pinion reverse, so ^b re an auxiliary shaft on which is longitudinally movable a conventional synchronizer, actuated ^b le des ^d and the control lever and able to assume three positions, one coupling pinion "hedgehog" corresponding to the forward movement of the vehicle, at any speed, neutral, the that said synchronizer is disengaged from the "hedgehog" pinion and another, opposed to the first one, in which the synchronizer _¬ zador is coupled to the reverse gear, to transmit the corresponding movement to this aux axis ily, and _j and ^t is conveniently associated with the transmission LO. Π

SUBSTITUTE SHEET - A - of the vehicle.

It only remains to point out finally that, a hydraulic mechanism, at the expense of an electronic mechanism that will provide impulses as the engine revolutions vary, generates the corresponding thrust or traction on the synchronizer, during the forward movement of the vehicle, so that the pinion of "hedgehog" adopts the most suitable positioning for a transmission with maximum performance with respect to the "cone" pinion.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part thereof, with an illustrative character and not limiting the following has been represented:

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a universal change of continuous traction carried out in accordance with the object of the present invention, in which the corresponding container box is sectioned to show its internal mechanisms.

Figure 2.- It shows a partial detail in side elevation of the auxiliary axis, the bearer of the "hedgehog" pinion.

Figure 3.- Shows an axial view of the partially sectioned "hedgehog" pinion.

Figure 4.- Shows, finally, two views.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET I DA | in side elevation and in front elevation, of one of the teeth of the "hedgehog" pinion with its corresponding spring and housing.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENCI _TION

In view of these figures one can see how the shifting mechanism is estruc advocated _¬ tured from a pinion cone (1), intended to be fixed integrally to the primary shaft (2) mounted on bearings ⁽³⁾ in the housing the gearbox ^{^(4),} input shaft (2) is topped by one of its extre _¬ mos and and out of the box (4) on a clutch shaft ^{^(5),} obviously presenting this pinion "cone ", due to its own conical configuration, teeth (6) that progressively converge from its major base to its minor base.

A reversing pinion (7) that meshes with another ⁽ 7 ' ⁾ mounted on a small inverter shaft (8) is also established on this primary axis ⁽ 2 ⁾ , assisted in turn by bearings (3') and being mounted on this axis ⁽ 8 ⁾ a primary reverse gear pinion (9 ₎ that meshes with a secondary reverse gear pinion (10 ₎ mounted on an auxiliary shaft (11) on which the "hedgehog" pinion is also mounted ( 12 ₎ , which in turn permanently meshes with the cone pinion (1).

These secondary pinions (10) and (12), permanently dragged from the primary axis (2) by the respective transmissions, rotate freely on the secondary axis or auxiliary axis (11) as long as it does not interlock with one or the other of them a Synchronizer (13 ₎ , in itself conventional, which in addition to interlocking with one or the other pinion is capable of adopting a position

SUBSTITUTE SHEET I DA intermediate (14), stable, corresponding to the neutral situation.

These three situations of the secondary group, the forward, reverse and neutral, are defined by a three-position shifter (15), stabilized for example by a pressure element (16) acting on notches (17) of the shift lever, positionally suitable for the positions to be taken by the synchronizer (13), shift lever (15) that transmits the movement to the synchronizer (13) in collaboration with a connecting rod (18), telescopic, which can be adopted in the configuration represented in figure 1, or any other.

In any case, the secondary axis (11) transmits the turning movement, forward and backward, and through the attack pinion (19), to a differential crown (20) mounted on the axis (21) of transmission to the wheels, equipped with the classic planetary pinions (22) and satellites (23) that confer the classic differential character to said transmission.

Returning again to the "hedgehog" pinion (12) and as shown in figures 2, 3 and 4, it has the peculiarity that it incorporates, instead of the classic straight and fixed teeth, alignments of small teeth (24), in correspondence with their generators, which play within two receptacles (25) defined in the body of the pinion (12), which tend to be projected outwards by respective sources (26) and which have staggered lateral

(27) for retention, in a propulsion limit situation, by means of complementary strangulations

(28) existing in the mouth of the aforementioned housings

SHEET YOUR STITU I DA Hundreds (25).

In this way and as it has been said before, the teeth (24) will remain in operative position while they are housed in the grooves (29) that, in the sense of their generatrices, define in the "cone" pinion (1) its teeth (6), but nevertheless, when in the displacement of the "hedgehog" pinion on the generatrix of the "cone" pinion, said teeth (24) meet the teeth (6) of the latter, they will retreat towards the bosom of their housings (25), without suffering the slightest damage, emerging again to the outside as soon as the cause that has caused their retraction ceases.

It only remains to note that the displacement of the "hedgehog" pinion (12) along the "cone" pinion generator (1) to ensure that the vehicle rolls in conditions of maximum performance, they are carried out by means of a hydraulic mechanism (30) that generates a synchronizer drag (13), through the telescopic connecting rod (18), in accordance with the orders received from an electronic mechanism that supplies impulses as the engine revolutions vary and whose description is not relevant, since any electronic circuit appropriate to achieve these ends will be valid, a circuit that is referenced with (31).

According to the described structure, the universal continuous traction change that the invention proposes presents a series of advantages over conventional exchange systems, among which the following are worth mentioning:

- First, a considerable saving of

I _{SUBSTITUTED SHEET} j - 8 - combustion ^b le, especially in circulation for years ur circuits ^b, ^d and ^d on consumption becomes practically coin _¬ cidente the road.

- Reduction in the consumption of oil and coolants, as there are no sharp variations in the engine speed.

- Longer duration of all engine block components, as well as transmissions and other relative parts for the same reason as in the previous case.

- Longer duration of the brake system, since the engine acts as a brake from the moment the throttle is released and progressively until the vehicle is stopped completely.

- Longer duration of the clutch system, since it is only used for the start and stop.

- Significant reduction of time _¬ and recovery accelerates.

- Reduction of pollution gases, as they accelerons burning fuel incorrect _¬ avoided.

- ^C omodidad and driving safety gra _¬ ences to automatic development variations.

^N or considered necessary to extend this description for any expert in the matte _¬ ria understand the scope of the invention and sale _j as that derived therefrom.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET I DA The materials, shape, size and arrangement of the elements will be susceptible of variation as long as this does not imply an alteration in the essentiality of the invention.

The terms in which this memorandum has been written must always be taken in a broad and non-limiting sense.

1 SUBSTITUTE SHEET DA]

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S

1 ^ .- Universal change of continuous traction, essentially characterized by being constituted from a "cone" pinion, with a conical configuration, which is mounted and fixed to the primary axis of the change, which receives the movement of the motor through of the corresponding clutch, "cone" sprocket whose teeth determine grooves of progressively decreasing width from its end of larger diameter to the smaller diameter and with which a "hedgehog" sprocket is permanently engaged, provided with alignments of teeth in the direction of its generatrices, retractable, "hedgehog" pinion which in turn is mounted, but with freedom of rotation, on an auxiliary axis or secondary axis, arranged parallel to one of the "cone" pinion generatrices ", provided that on said secondary axis, provided with the classic synchronism guide, a synchronizer, also conventional, is established, capable of establishing the transmission or coupling in snetid or angular of said "hedgehog" sprocket to the secondary axis, of establishing a neutral point, or of connecting to said secondary axis a secondary, reverse sprocket, which, through an appropriate transmission, is also permanently engaged to the primary axis, said synchronizer being operable, from one to another of the three working positions provided for it, from the corresponding gear lever, also with three stable positions corresponding to the reverse, neutral and forward gear.

two- . - Universal change of continuous traction, according to claim 1 -, characterized in that the "hedgehog" pinion is movable along the auxiliary axis, specifically along one of the generatrices

EYE SUBSTITUTE I of the "cone" pinion, depending on the working regime of the engine and in order to achieve maximum performance, through the thrust generated by a hydraulic mechanism that acts on the synchronizer, at the expense of the orders supplied by an electronic mechanism, whose orders vary depending on engine revolutions.

3 .- Change universal continuous traction, according to previous claims, characterized in that the pinion "hedgehog" is provided with a plurality of housings that form alignments with their generatrices corresponden¬ cia, strangled mouth housings, within the which respective teeth are established, in turn provided with complementary lateral retention steps of such strangulations, and having provided that said teeth are retractable against the tension of respective springs that are established between the bottom of the housings and the inner end of the aforementioned teeth, all in such a way that they are operative when they are faced and housed in channels of the "cone" pinion, retracting and moving to an inoperative situation when, when moving the pinion of "eri¬ zo" on the pinion of "cone", meet some of the latter's teeth.

SHEET TO SUSTI TU I DA