WO1992021636A1 - Gas generating agent - Google Patents
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- WO1992021636A1 WO1992021636A1 PCT/JP1992/000697 JP9200697W WO9221636A1 WO 1992021636 A1 WO1992021636 A1 WO 1992021636A1 JP 9200697 W JP9200697 W JP 9200697W WO 9221636 A1 WO9221636 A1 WO 9221636A1
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- gas
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- gas generating
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
- C06B29/02—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
- C06B29/08—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas generating agent harmless to the human body used for an air bag device for ensuring the safety of an occupant from the impact of a vehicle collision.
- gas generating agents used in this type of airbag device mainly include hydridic acid metal salts and alkali earth metal salts and metal oxides, chlorates, sulfur, metal sulfides.
- the gas generated is pure nitrogen.
- Sodium azide is currently widely used as the metal salt of hydrazoic acid.
- the airbag devices currently installed in automobiles use the above-mentioned gas generating agent, which is mainly made of sodium azide, and is for a driver's seat that can be attached to a handle.
- the airbag inflates due to the pure nitrogen gas generated in the vehicle, and after ensuring the safety of the driver, the pure nitrogen gas is quickly discharged into the vehicle from the exhaust port provided in the airbag.
- the capacity of this airbag is about 60 liters or less, problems such as the occurrence of physiological injuries due to lack of oxygen in the vehicle are prevented.
- airbag systems for passengers, rear seats, and side collisions will be considered in addition to the driver's seat, and airbag systems using pure nitrogen gas alone will support all of these. A large amount of pure nitrogen gas is required, and physiological There is a risk that problems such as injuries may become apparent.
- sodium azide decomposes readily when exposed to the atmosphere, producing volatile and explosive hydrazoic acid.
- This hydrazide reacts easily with surrounding metals such as copper and lead, and ignites and explodes due to friction and collision to form extremely unstable substances.
- this sodium azide is tightly sealed and does not come into contact with the atmosphere. Is configured not to occur.
- it has the disadvantage that it must be handled carefully in explosion-proof facilities when manufacturing, storing and disposing of gas generants, or when manufacturing or disposing of airbag devices using the same.
- this type of airbag device for example, copper oxide or sulfur is used as an oxidizing agent for burning soda azide, and a mist such as sodium oxide or sodium sulfide is generated with the burning, Discharge.
- this mist is sufficiently removed by using a filter so that problems such as physiological injury do not occur.
- the filter function is strengthened, there is a problem that the weight and volume of the gas generator are significantly increased.
- a gas generating agent composed of oxahydroxamic acid and poly (vinyl lower alkyl ether) (Toki Nobuaki) 4 1-7 8 7 3), a gas generating agent containing a bitetrazole compound as a main component (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-61656, Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-61-157), or ditrorotinic acid as a main component
- You Gas generators Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-185450
- the generated gas may contain by-products such as cyanide, nitrogen oxides or carbon monoxide.
- an organic polymer compound composed of an oxidizing agent such as nitrate or perchlorate and carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (US Pat. No. 3,837,942) or a metal salt of an organic acid composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (U.S. Pat. No. 4,214,438) are disclosed.
- These compositions use an oxidizing agent having a stoichiometric or higher stoichiometry to suppress the generation of carbon monoxide, and the gas components generated are water vapor and It consists of carbon dioxide only.
- the main focus is on reducing the production of carbon monoxide, and the oxidizing agents used are near stoichiometric. Therefore, similarly to the case of using sodium azide, when many air bag devices are mounted on a vehicle, there is a risk that problems such as the occurrence of physiological injuries due to lack of oxygen in the vehicle may become apparent.
- the present invention does not require special handling such as aluminum metal azide in the production, storage and disposal of a gas generating agent or the production or disposal of an airbag device, and can be easily handled. Even when a large number of bag devices are mounted on an automobile, the airbag is rapidly deployed with a gas that does not cause physiological injury due to oxygen depletion or physiological injury due to by-products. It aims to provide an inexpensive, harmless gas generant to open and inflate.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the effects of carbon dioxide on the human body, and as a result, a partial pressure of oxygen equivalent to air in the carbon dioxide generated by the gas generating agent of the present invention has been ensured, causing an oxygen deficiency problem.
- the present invention has been found that the gas can be safely used as a gas for deploying and inflating an airbag without reaching the present invention.
- the present invention relates to an organic compound comprising (A) one or a mixture of two or more alkali metal salts of chloric acid or perchloric acid and (B) carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and Z or carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
- a gas generating agent comprising a metal salt of an organic acid consisting of: wherein the mole fraction of oxygen and the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in the generated gas are represented by the following formula (I):
- the value is less than 0.01, when many airbag devices are installed in a vehicle, there is a risk that problems such as the occurrence of physiological injuries due to lack of oxygen in the vehicle may occur, or It is not preferable because it may cause problems such as physiological injury to the human body. Is too high and may burn the airbag, which is not preferable. More preferably, it is a value of 0.1 to 0.3.
- an oxidizing agent component comprising a sodium salt or a potassium salt of chloric acid or perchloric acid
- carbon, hydrogen and oxygen having no nitrogen atom in the molecule.
- Excessive oxidizing agent components that is, generated gas, can be obtained by preparing a fuel component of an organic compound and / or a fuel component of a metal salt of an organic acid composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and a composition comprising a combustion regulator component.
- An oxidizing agent that can generate a low-temperature gas that does not generate nitrogen oxides that are harmful to the human body even in a composition region containing oxygen therein has a small calorific value during thermal decomposition, and The use of a perchlorate with a high oxygen generation rate is also advantageous for lowering the gas temperature.
- organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen such as oxalic acid and cellulose acetate, which have low combustion heat, are preferable.
- the combustion regulator is used to adjust the reaction rate and complete the reaction in the combustion reaction of the gas generating agent.
- Carbon and oxides such as iron and nickel, iron compounds, formic acid, oxalic acid, etc.
- a metal salt of an organic acid containing no nitrogen atom in the molecule is preferred.
- the present invention provides a mixture of a nitrogen-free chlorate and a fuel component consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen without nitrogen, or a mixture containing a combustion regulator, and then processing the mixture to produce a mixture. It relates to a gas generating agent for deploying and inflating airbags.
- the oxidizing agent, the fuel component, and the combustion regulator are each finely divided and then mixed in a dry or wet manner.
- This mixed powder is subject to long-term vibration Since each component is separated due to the difference in specific gravity and the like, and the flammability fluctuates, it may be compressed into granules or by a general method to make tablets or pellets.
- the size of the gas generating composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less when rapid combustion is required.
- the gas generant composition of the present invention comprises a conventional reaction chamber in which a gas generant pellet and an igniter are arranged, and a wire mesh, glass cloth, ceramic paper, or the like for separating and collecting mist in the generated gas. It can be used by loading it into a general gas generator consisting of one arranged filter chamber.
- the gas generating agent of the present invention is harmless to the human body, and the combustion products are gas components consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water and alkali metal chlorides, and metal oxides such as iron oxide from the combustion regulator. Consists of mist, does not cause physiological damage due to oxygen deficiency, does not cause physiological damage due to by-products such as nitrogen compounds, and has no harmful mist such as sodium oxide or sodium sulfide It is safe. Therefore, it is not necessary to strengthen the filter function as in the conventional air bag device as described above, and it is possible to contribute to a reduction in the weight and volume of the gas generator.
- the combustion components of the present invention are non-explosive and do not require special handling in the manufacture, storage, and disposal of gas generants, such as aluminum metal azides.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
A gas generating agent comprising: (A) at least one alkali metal salt of chloric or perchloric acid, and (B) an organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and/or a metal salt of an organic acid composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and characterized in that the molar fraction of oxygen and that of carbon dioxide contained in the formed gas meet a relation represented by the following equation (I): (mol. fraction of oxygen)/[(mol. fraction of oxygen)+(mol. fraction of carbon dioxide)]=0.01-0.5.
Description
明 細 書 ガ ス 発 生 剤 発明の背景 Description Gas generator Background of the invention
発明の分野 Field of the invention
本発明は、 自動車の衝突の際の衝撃から乗員の安全を確保する為の ェアバッグ装置に用いられる人体に無害なガス発生剤に関する。 The present invention relates to a gas generating agent harmless to the human body used for an air bag device for ensuring the safety of an occupant from the impact of a vehicle collision.
関連技術の説明 Description of related technology
従来、 この種のエアバッグ装置に用いられるガス発生剤としては、 主としてアジ化水素酸のアル力リ金属塩及びアル力リ土類金属塩と金 属酸化物、 塩素酸塩、 硫黄、 金属硫化物等の混合物から構成されてお り、 発生するガスは純窒素である。 また、 これらアジ化水素酸のアル 力リ金属塩としては、 アジ化ソーダが現在広く用いられている。 Conventionally, gas generating agents used in this type of airbag device mainly include hydridic acid metal salts and alkali earth metal salts and metal oxides, chlorates, sulfur, metal sulfides. The gas generated is pure nitrogen. Sodium azide is currently widely used as the metal salt of hydrazoic acid.
また、 現在自動車に搭載されているエアバッグ装置の大部分は上記 のアジ化ソ一ダを主原料とするガス発生剤を用い、 ハン ドルに取り付 けられる ドライバ一席用であり、 衝突の際に発生する純窒素ガスによ りェアバッグが膨らみ、 ドライバーの安全を確保した後純窒素ガスは エアバッグに予め設けられた排気口から速やかに車内に排出される。 そして、 このエアバッグの容量は 60リ ッ トル程度か、 それ以下である ため、 車内の酸素欠乏に基づく生理的傷害発生等の問題は生じないよ うになつている。 しかしながら、 今後エアバッグ装置はドライバ一席 用に加え、 助手席用、 後部座席用、 さらには側突用の搭載も考えられ、 純窒素ガスを用いるエアバッグ装置のみでこれら全てに対応するとな ると大量の純窒素ガスが必要となり、 車内の酸素欠乏に基づく生理的
傷害発生等の問題が顕在化してくる危険性がある。 In addition, most of the airbag devices currently installed in automobiles use the above-mentioned gas generating agent, which is mainly made of sodium azide, and is for a driver's seat that can be attached to a handle. The airbag inflates due to the pure nitrogen gas generated in the vehicle, and after ensuring the safety of the driver, the pure nitrogen gas is quickly discharged into the vehicle from the exhaust port provided in the airbag. And since the capacity of this airbag is about 60 liters or less, problems such as the occurrence of physiological injuries due to lack of oxygen in the vehicle are prevented. However, in the future, airbag systems for passengers, rear seats, and side collisions will be considered in addition to the driver's seat, and airbag systems using pure nitrogen gas alone will support all of these. A large amount of pure nitrogen gas is required, and physiological There is a risk that problems such as injuries may become apparent.
また、 アジ化ソーダは大気中に置かれると容易に分解し、 揮発性並 びに爆発性のあるァジ化水素酸を発生する。 このアジ化水素酸は周囲 の銅、 鉛等の金属と容易に反応し、 摩擦、 衝突により発火、 爆発する 極めて不安定な物質を形成する。 もちろんアジ化ソーダを用いるエア バッグ装置の中ではこのアジ化ソーダは厳重に密閉されて大気に触れ ることはなく、 自動車に搭載されることで上記のような不安定な物質 を形成するという問題を生じることのないように構成されている。 し かしながら、 ガス発生剤の製造、 貯蔵、 廃棄において、 或いはこれを 用いたエアバッグ装置の製造或いは廃棄時には、 防爆施設の中で慎重 に取り扱わなければならないという欠点を有している。 Also, sodium azide decomposes readily when exposed to the atmosphere, producing volatile and explosive hydrazoic acid. This hydrazide reacts easily with surrounding metals such as copper and lead, and ignites and explodes due to friction and collision to form extremely unstable substances. Of course, in an air bag device using sodium azide, this sodium azide is tightly sealed and does not come into contact with the atmosphere. Is configured not to occur. However, it has the disadvantage that it must be handled carefully in explosion-proof facilities when manufacturing, storing and disposing of gas generants, or when manufacturing or disposing of airbag devices using the same.
また、 この種のエアバッグ装置ではアジ化ソ一ダを燃焼させるため の酸化剤として、 例えば酸化銅或いは硫黄等が用いられており、 燃焼 に伴い、 酸化ソーダ或いは硫化ソーダ等のミストを生成、 排出する。 現在使用されているエアバッグ装置では、 フィルターの使用によりこ のミストは十分除去され、 生理的傷害等の問題は生じないようになつ ている。 しかしながら、 反面フィルター機能を強化しているため、 ガ ス発生器の重量及び容積を著しく増大させるという問題点を有してい Further, in this type of airbag device, for example, copper oxide or sulfur is used as an oxidizing agent for burning soda azide, and a mist such as sodium oxide or sodium sulfide is generated with the burning, Discharge. In the airbag device currently used, this mist is sufficiently removed by using a filter so that problems such as physiological injury do not occur. However, on the other hand, since the filter function is strengthened, there is a problem that the weight and volume of the gas generator are significantly increased.
アジ化ソーダの持つ上言己のような不安定な物質を形成するという問 題を回避するために、 ォキサヒ ドロキサ厶酸とポリ （ビニル低級アル キル ·エーテル） とから成るガス発生剤 （特公昭 4 1 - 7 8 7 3 ) , ビテトラゾ一ル化合物を主成分とするガス発生剤 （特公昭 6 4 — 6 1 5 6、 特公昭 6 4— 6 1 5 7 ) 或いは二トロォロチン酸を主成分とす
るガス発生剤 （特開平 2 - 1 8 4 5 9 0 ) が開示されてきたが、 発生 ガス中にシァン化合物、 窒素酸化物或いは一酸化炭素等の副生物を含 む恐れがあり、 上記のように多数のエアバッグ装置を自動車に搭載す る場合には、 これらの副生物による生理的傷害等の問題の生じる可能 性がある。 且つ又、 これらの主剤はアジ化ソーダに比較し高価であり、 ガス発生剤としての要求を満足するものではない。 含窒素化合物を主 剤とするガス発生剤より得られるガスの多くは純窒素であることから、 アジ化ソ一ダを主剤とするガス発生剤と同様、 大量使用時には、 車内 の酸素欠乏に基づく生理的傷害発生等の問題が顕在化してく る危険性 がある。 In order to avoid the problem of forming an unstable substance like sodium azide itself, a gas generating agent composed of oxahydroxamic acid and poly (vinyl lower alkyl ether) (Toki Nobuaki) 4 1-7 8 7 3), a gas generating agent containing a bitetrazole compound as a main component (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-61656, Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-61-157), or ditrorotinic acid as a main component You Gas generators (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-185450) have been disclosed, but the generated gas may contain by-products such as cyanide, nitrogen oxides or carbon monoxide. When a large number of airbag devices are mounted on an automobile as described above, there is a possibility that problems such as physiological injury due to these by-products may occur. Moreover, these base agents are more expensive than sodium azide and do not satisfy the requirements as a gas generating agent. Since most of the gas obtained from gas generators containing nitrogen-containing compounds as the main component is pure nitrogen, similar to the gas generator using sodium azide as the main component, when used in large quantities, it is based on the lack of oxygen in the vehicle. There is a risk that problems such as the occurrence of physiological injuries will become apparent.
また、 従来硝酸塩或いは過塩素酸塩等の酸化剤と炭素、 水素及び酸 素からなる有機高分子化合物 （米国特許 3 8 3 7 9 4 2 ) 或いは炭素、 水素及び酸素からなる有機酸の金属塩によりなる組成物 （米国特許 4 2 1 4 4 3 8 ) が開示され、 これらの組成物は一酸化炭素の発生を抑 えるべく化学量論以上の酸化剤を用い、 発生するガス成分は水蒸気と 炭酸ガスのみからなっている。 しかしながら、 一酸化炭素の発生を抑 えることに主眼が置かれ、 用いられる酸化剤は化学量論付近の量とな つている。 従って、 アジ化ソーダを用いる場合と同様、 多数のェアバ ッグ装置を 動車に搭載する場合には、 車内の酸素欠乏に基づく生理 的傷害発生等の問題が顕在化してくる危険性がある。 Conventionally, an organic polymer compound composed of an oxidizing agent such as nitrate or perchlorate and carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (US Pat. No. 3,837,942) or a metal salt of an organic acid composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (U.S. Pat. No. 4,214,438) are disclosed. These compositions use an oxidizing agent having a stoichiometric or higher stoichiometry to suppress the generation of carbon monoxide, and the gas components generated are water vapor and It consists of carbon dioxide only. However, the main focus is on reducing the production of carbon monoxide, and the oxidizing agents used are near stoichiometric. Therefore, similarly to the case of using sodium azide, when many air bag devices are mounted on a vehicle, there is a risk that problems such as the occurrence of physiological injuries due to lack of oxygen in the vehicle may become apparent.
本発明はガス発生剤の製造、 貯蔵、 廃棄或いはエアバッグ装置の製 造或いは廃棄において、 アル力リ金属アジドのような特別の取り扱い を必要とせず、 容易に取り扱いが可能であって、 しかもエアバッグ装 置を多数自動車に搭載する場合にも酸素欠乏に基づく生理的傷害或い は副生成物による生理的傷害の生じないガスでエアバッグを急速に展
開、 膨脹させるための安価な無害性のガス発生剤を提供することを目 的としている。 The present invention does not require special handling such as aluminum metal azide in the production, storage and disposal of a gas generating agent or the production or disposal of an airbag device, and can be easily handled. Even when a large number of bag devices are mounted on an automobile, the airbag is rapidly deployed with a gas that does not cause physiological injury due to oxygen depletion or physiological injury due to by-products. It aims to provide an inexpensive, harmless gas generant to open and inflate.
本発明の説明 Description of the invention
本発明の概要 Overview of the present invention
本発明者等は、 二酸化炭素の人体に対する影響につき鋭意研究した 結果、 本発明のガス発生剤によるガスが二酸化炭素中に空気に相当す る様な酸素分圧が確保され、 酸素欠乏問題を生ずることなく、 安全に エアバッグ展開、 膨脹用ガスとして使用できることを見出し、 本発明 に到達したものである。 The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the effects of carbon dioxide on the human body, and as a result, a partial pressure of oxygen equivalent to air in the carbon dioxide generated by the gas generating agent of the present invention has been ensured, causing an oxygen deficiency problem. The present invention has been found that the gas can be safely used as a gas for deploying and inflating an airbag without reaching the present invention.
すなわち、 本発明は、 （A) 塩素酸或いは過塩素酸のアルカリ金属塩 の一種又は二種以上の混合物と、 （B) 炭素、 水素及び酸素とからなる 有機化合物及び Z又は炭素、 水素及び酸素とからなる有機酸の金属塩 とから成るガス発生剤であって、 発生ガス中の酸素のモル分率と二酸 化炭素のモル分率が下記の式 （ I ) That is, the present invention relates to an organic compound comprising (A) one or a mixture of two or more alkali metal salts of chloric acid or perchloric acid and (B) carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and Z or carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. A gas generating agent comprising a metal salt of an organic acid consisting of: wherein the mole fraction of oxygen and the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in the generated gas are represented by the following formula (I):
(酸素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen)
( I ) (I)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen) + (Mole fraction of carbon dioxide)
の値で 0. 01〜0. 5 となることを特徵とするエアバッグ装置用ガス発生 剤であり、 燃焼調整剤を 1〜6 %加えることによって適正なエアバッ グの展開膨脹時間の設計を可能とするガス発生剤でもある。 It is a gas generating agent for airbag devices that is characterized by a value of 0.01 to 0.5 with a value of 1 to 6% .It is possible to design an appropriate airbag deployment and inflation time by adding 1 to 6% of a combustion regulator. It is also a gas generating agent.
(酸素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen)
( I ) (I)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen) + (Mole fraction of carbon dioxide)
の値が 0. 01より少ないと、 多数のエアバッグ装置を自動車に搭載する 場合には、 車内の酸素欠乏に基づく生理的傷害発生等の問題が顕在化 してくる危険性、 或いは二酸化炭素の人体に対する生理的傷害等の問 題の生じる可能性があるため好ましくなく、 0. 5を超えると燃焼温度
が高すぎて、 エアバッグを焼損する恐れがあるため好ましくない。 0. 1 〜0. 3 の値となることがさらに好ましい。 If the value is less than 0.01, when many airbag devices are installed in a vehicle, there is a risk that problems such as the occurrence of physiological injuries due to lack of oxygen in the vehicle may occur, or It is not preferable because it may cause problems such as physiological injury to the human body. Is too high and may burn the airbag, which is not preferable. More preferably, it is a value of 0.1 to 0.3.
本発明によれば、 （A) 塩素酸或いは過塩素酸のナトリウム塩、 或い はカリウム塩からなる酸化剤成分と、 （B) 分子中に窒素原子を含まな い炭素、 水素及び酸素からなる有機化合物の燃料成分及び 或いは炭 素、 水素及び酸素からなる有機酸の金属塩の燃料成分、 さらには燃焼 調整剤成分からなる組成物とすることにより、 酸化剤成分の過剰、 す なわち発生ガス中に酸素を含むような組成領域においても、 人体に有 害な窒素酸化物を生成しない低温のガスを発生させることが可能とな 酸化剤としては、 熱分解の際の発熱量が小さく、 且つ酸素発生率の 高い過塩素酸塩の使用が低ガス温度化のためにも有利である。 According to the present invention, (A) an oxidizing agent component comprising a sodium salt or a potassium salt of chloric acid or perchloric acid, and (B) carbon, hydrogen and oxygen having no nitrogen atom in the molecule. Excessive oxidizing agent components, that is, generated gas, can be obtained by preparing a fuel component of an organic compound and / or a fuel component of a metal salt of an organic acid composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and a composition comprising a combustion regulator component. An oxidizing agent that can generate a low-temperature gas that does not generate nitrogen oxides that are harmful to the human body even in a composition region containing oxygen therein has a small calorific value during thermal decomposition, and The use of a perchlorate with a high oxygen generation rate is also advantageous for lowering the gas temperature.
燃料成分としては、 燃焼熱の小さい蓚酸、 酢酸セルローズ等の炭素、 水素及び酸素からなる有機化合物が好適である。 燃焼調整剤は、 ガス 発生剤の燃焼反応において、 その反応速度の調整ならびに反応の完結 を図るためのものであり、 炭素及び鉄、 ニッケル等の酸化物、 フ エ 口 セン化合物或いは蟻酸、 蓚酸など分子中に窒素原子を含まない有機酸 の金属塩が好適である。 As the fuel component, organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, such as oxalic acid and cellulose acetate, which have low combustion heat, are preferable. The combustion regulator is used to adjust the reaction rate and complete the reaction in the combustion reaction of the gas generating agent. Carbon and oxides such as iron and nickel, iron compounds, formic acid, oxalic acid, etc. A metal salt of an organic acid containing no nitrogen atom in the molecule is preferred.
本発明は、 窒素を含まない塩素酸塩と、 窒素を含まず炭素、 水素、 酸素から.なる燃料成分との混合物、 或いはさらに燃焼調整剤を加えた 混合物を作り、 これを加工して製造されるエアバッグの展開、 膨脹用 のガス発生剤に関するものである。 The present invention provides a mixture of a nitrogen-free chlorate and a fuel component consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen without nitrogen, or a mixture containing a combustion regulator, and then processing the mixture to produce a mixture. It relates to a gas generating agent for deploying and inflating airbags.
本発明のガス発生剤組成物を製造するには、 酸化剤と燃料成分、 さ らには燃焼調整剤とをそれぞれ微粉化した後、 乾式或いは湿式で混合 すれば良い。 この混合粉末は、 長期にわたり振動を受ける状況下では
各成分の比重差等により分離し、 燃焼性に変動を生ずるため、 顆粒状 或いは一般的方法で圧縮して、 錠剤若しくはペレツ ト状等にしても良 い。 ガス発生剤組成物の大きさは特に制限されないが、 急速な燃焼が 必要とされる場合には 10 ^ m 以下であることが好ましい。 In order to produce the gas generating composition of the present invention, the oxidizing agent, the fuel component, and the combustion regulator are each finely divided and then mixed in a dry or wet manner. This mixed powder is subject to long-term vibration Since each component is separated due to the difference in specific gravity and the like, and the flammability fluctuates, it may be compressed into granules or by a general method to make tablets or pellets. The size of the gas generating composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 ^ m or less when rapid combustion is required.
本発明のガス発生剤組成物は、 従来のガス発生剤ペレツ トと点火薬 とを配した反応室と発生ガス中のミストを分離捕集するために金網、 ガラス布或いはセラミ ック紙等を配したフィルタ一室から構成される 一般的ガス発生器に装填して使用できる。 The gas generant composition of the present invention comprises a conventional reaction chamber in which a gas generant pellet and an igniter are arranged, and a wire mesh, glass cloth, ceramic paper, or the like for separating and collecting mist in the generated gas. It can be used by loading it into a general gas generator consisting of one arranged filter chamber.
発明の効果 The invention's effect
本発明のガス発生剤は人体に無害であり、 燃焼生成物は酸素、 二酸 化炭素、 及び水からなるガス成分とアルカリ金属の塩化物、 及び燃焼 調整剤からの酸化鉄等金属酸化物のミストで構成され、 酸素欠乏に基 づく生理的傷害の発生はなく、 また窒素化合物のような副生成物によ る生理的傷害の発生もなく、 さらに酸化ソーダ或いは硫化ソーダ等の 有害ミストもなく安全である。 従って、 前述したような従来の市販ェ アバッグ装置のようにフィルター機能を強化する必要はなく、 ガス発 生器の重量及び容積の柽減に寄与することができる。 The gas generating agent of the present invention is harmless to the human body, and the combustion products are gas components consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water and alkali metal chlorides, and metal oxides such as iron oxide from the combustion regulator. Consists of mist, does not cause physiological damage due to oxygen deficiency, does not cause physiological damage due to by-products such as nitrogen compounds, and has no harmful mist such as sodium oxide or sodium sulfide It is safe. Therefore, it is not necessary to strengthen the filter function as in the conventional air bag device as described above, and it is possible to contribute to a reduction in the weight and volume of the gas generator.
本発明の燃焼成分は爆発性がなく、 ガス発生剤の製造、 貯蔵、 廃棄 において、 アル力リ金属アジドのような特別の取り扱いは必要としな い。 The combustion components of the present invention are non-explosive and do not require special handling in the manufacture, storage, and disposal of gas generants, such as aluminum metal azides.
実 施 例 Example
次に実施例によつて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、 本発明はこ の実施例に制限されるものではない。 Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
実 施 例 1 Example 1
過塩素酸ソ一ダの乾燥粉末 73重量部とグルコ一スの乾燥粉末 27重量
部とを充分に混合し、 外径 7讓、 厚さ 4 mmの円柱状のペレッ トに加圧 成型したもの 50 gを運転席用ガス発生器に装塡し、 内容積 60リ ッ トル の耐圧タンク内で作動させ、 その圧力と時間の関係を測定し次の結果 を得た。 73 parts by weight of dry powder of sodium perchlorate and 27 parts by weight of dry powder of glucose The mixture was thoroughly mixed, and 50 g of a cylinder-shaped pellet with an outer diameter of 7 cm and a thickness of 4 mm was press-molded and mounted on the gas generator for the driver's seat, with an inner volume of 60 liters. It was operated in a pressure-resistant tank, and the relationship between the pressure and time was measured. The following results were obtained.
30ミ リ秒で 0. 6気圧 0.6 atm in 30 ms
50ミ リ秒で 0. 8気圧 0.8 atm in 50 ms
又、 発生ガス組成を分析の結果、 次の値を得た。 The following values were obtained as a result of analyzing the composition of the generated gas.
14容量パーセン ト 14% capacity
二酸化炭素 42容量パ一セント 42% carbon dioxide by volume
水 43容量パーセン ト Water 43% by volume
窒素酸化物 検出せず Nitrogen oxides Not detected
検出せず Not detected
一酸化炭素 検出せず Carbon monoxide not detected
上記ガス組成において、 In the above gas composition,
(酸素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen) + (Mole fraction of carbon dioxide)
14 14
14 + 42 14 + 42
= 0. 25 = 0.25
実 施 例 2 Example 2
過塩素酸ソ一ダの乾燥粉末 73重量部とグルコ一スの乾燥粉末 27重量 部及び酸化鉄の乾燥粉末 2重量部とを充分に混合し、 外径 7 mm、 厚さ 4 i iの円柱状のペレッ トに加圧成型したもの 50 gを運転席用ガス発生 器に装填し、 内容積 60リ ッ トルの耐圧タンク内で作動させ、 その圧力 と時間の関係を測定し次の結果を得た。
30ミ リ秒で 0. 9気圧 73 parts by weight of dry powder of sodium perchlorate, 27 parts by weight of dry powder of glucose and 2 parts by weight of dry powder of iron oxide are thoroughly mixed, and a columnar shape having an outer diameter of 7 mm and a thickness of 4 ii. A 50-gram pellet molded into a pellet was charged into the gas generator for the driver's seat and operated in a pressure-resistant tank with an internal volume of 60 liters.The relationship between the pressure and time was measured, and the following results were obtained. Was. 0.9 atm in 30 ms
50ミ リ秒で 1. 1気圧 1.1 atm in 50 ms
又、 発生ガス組成を分析の結果、 次の値を得た。 The following values were obtained as a result of analyzing the composition of the generated gas.
14容量パーセント 14% by volume
二酸化炭素 42容量パーセント 42% carbon dioxide by volume
水 43容量パーセント 43% water by volume
窒素酸化物 検出せず Nitrogen oxides Not detected
検出せず Not detected
一酸化炭素 検出せず Carbon monoxide not detected
上記ガス組成において、 In the above gas composition,
(酸素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen) + (Mole fraction of carbon dioxide)
14 14
14 + 42 14 + 42
= 0. 25 = 0.25
実 施 例 3 Example 3
過塩素酸ソ一ダの乾燥粉末 75重量部と三酢酸セル口一ズの乾燥粉末 25重量部とを充分に混合し、 外径 7 mni、 厚さ 4 niraの円柱状のペレツ ト に加圧成型したもの 50 gを運転席用ガス発生器に装塡し、 内容積 60リ ッ トルの耐圧タンク内で作動させ、 その圧力と時間の関係を測定し次 の結果を得た。 Thoroughly mix 75 parts by weight of dry powder of sodium perchlorate and 25 parts by weight of dry powder of triacetate cell and pressurize into a cylindrical pellet with an outer diameter of 7 mni and a thickness of 4 nira. 50 g of the molded product was mounted on a gas generator for the driver's seat, operated in a pressure-resistant tank having an internal volume of 60 liters, and the relationship between the pressure and time was measured. The following results were obtained.
30ミ リ秒で 0. 8気圧 0.8 atm for 30 ms
50ミ リ秒で 1. 0気圧 1.0 atm in 50 ms
又、 発生ガス組成を分析の結果、 次の値を得た。 The following values were obtained as a result of analyzing the composition of the generated gas.
12容量パーセント
二酸化炭素 43容量パーセント 12 volume percent 43% carbon dioxide by volume
水 44容量パーセント 44 volume percent water
窒素酸化物 検出せず Nitrogen oxides Not detected
検出せず Not detected
-酸化炭素 検出せず -Carbon oxide Not detected
上記ガス組成において、 In the above gas composition,
(酸素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen) + (Mole fraction of carbon dioxide)
12 12
12 + 43 12 + 43
= 0. 21 = 0.21
実 施 例 4 Example 4
過塩素酸ソ一ダの乾燥粉末 75重量部と三酢酸セルローズの乾燥粉末 25重量部及び酸化鉄の乾燥粉末 2重量部とを充分に混合し、 外径 7議、 厚さ 4 mmの円柱状のペレッ 卜に加圧成型したもの 50 gを運転席用ガス 発生器に装塡し、 内容積 60リ ッ トルの耐圧タンク内で作動させ、 その 圧力と時間の関係を測定し次の結果を得た。 Thoroughly mix 75 parts by weight of dry powder of sodium perchlorate, 25 parts by weight of dry powder of cellulose triacetate and 2 parts by weight of dry powder of iron oxide to form a column with an outer diameter of 7 mm and a thickness of 4 mm. 50 g of the pressure-molded pellet was mounted on the gas generator for the driver's seat, operated in a pressure-resistant tank with an internal volume of 60 liters, and the relationship between the pressure and time was measured. Obtained.
30ミ リ秒で 0. 9気圧 0.9 atm in 30 ms
50ミ リ秒で 1. 1気圧 1.1 atm in 50 ms
又、 発生ガス組成を分析の結果、 次の値を得た。 The following values were obtained as a result of analyzing the composition of the generated gas.
12容量パーセン ト 12 capacity percentage
二酸化炭素 43容量パーセン ト 43% carbon dioxide by volume
水 44容量パーセン ト Water 44% by volume
窒素酸化物 検出せず Nitrogen oxides Not detected
検出せず
一酸化炭素 検出せず Not detected Carbon monoxide not detected
上記ガス組成において、 In the above gas composition,
(酸素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen) + (Mole fraction of carbon dioxide)
12 12
12 + 43 12 + 43
= 0. 21
= 0.21
Claims
1. (A) 塩素酸或いは過塩素酸のアルカリ金属塩の一種又は二種以上 の混合物と、 （B) 炭素、 水素及び酸素とからなる有機化合物及び/ 又は炭素、 水素及び酸素とからなる有機酸の金属塩とから成るガス 発生剤であって、 発生ガス中の酸素のモル分率と二酸化炭素のモル 分率が下記の式 （ I ) 1. (A) An organic compound composed of one or more of alkali metal salts of chloric acid or perchloric acid and (B) an organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and / or an organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen A gas generating agent comprising a metal salt of an acid, wherein the mole fraction of oxygen and the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in the generated gas are represented by the following formula (I):
(酸素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen)
( I ) (I)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） (Mole fraction of oxygen) + (Mole fraction of carbon dioxide)
の値で 0. 01〜0. 5 となることを特徵とするエアバッグ装置用ガス発 生剤。 A gas generator for an airbag device, wherein the gas generator has a value of 0.01 to 0.5.
2. (酸素のモル分率） 2. (Mole fraction of oxygen)
· · · ( I ) · · · (I)
(酸素のモル分率） + (二酸化炭素のモル分率） の値で 0. 1〜0. 3 となることを特徵とする請求項 1記載のエアバッ グ装置用ガス発生剤。 2. The gas generating agent for an airbag device according to claim 1, wherein the value of (molar fraction of oxygen) + (molar fraction of carbon dioxide) is 0.1 to 0.3.
3. 更に、 （C) 燃焼調整剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項 1又は請求 項 2記載のエアバッグ装置用ガス発生剤。 3. The gas generating agent for an airbag device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising (C) a combustion regulator.
4. (C) 燃焼調整剤を 1〜 6 %加えることを特徴とする請求項 3記載 のエアバッグ装置用ガス発生剤。
4. The gas generating agent for an airbag device according to claim 3, wherein 1 to 6% of (C) a combustion regulator is added.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3/123662 | 1991-05-28 | ||
| JP12366291 | 1991-05-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992021636A1 true WO1992021636A1 (en) | 1992-12-10 |
Family
ID=14866183
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1992/000697 WO1992021636A1 (en) | 1991-05-28 | 1992-05-28 | Gas generating agent |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0543026A4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992021636A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69534615T2 (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 2006-07-27 | Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc., Farmington Hills | Gas generator self-ignition with a chlorate composition |
| DE4423088A1 (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-04 | Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh | Gas-generating, acid-free mixture of substances |
| US5763821A (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 1998-06-09 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Autoignition propellant containing superfine iron oxide |
| US6969433B1 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 2005-11-29 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Granulated gas charges |
| DE19932466A1 (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-18 | Trw Airbag Sys Gmbh & Co Kg | Azide free gas generating composition |
| FR2871457B1 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2006-08-11 | Giat Ind Sa | PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION HAVING IMPROVED MECHANICAL STRENGTH |
| FR2959508B1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2015-01-02 | Snpe Materiaux Energetiques | PYROTECHNIC COMPOUND GAS GENERATOR; PROCESS FOR OBTAINING |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4974165A (en) * | 1972-10-17 | 1974-07-17 | ||
| US3837942A (en) * | 1972-03-13 | 1974-09-24 | Specialty Prod Dev Corp | Low temperature gas generating compositions and methods |
| JPS49132208A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1974-12-18 | ||
| US4214438A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1980-07-29 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Pyrotechnic composition and method of inflating an inflatable device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3862866A (en) * | 1971-08-02 | 1975-01-28 | Specialty Products Dev Corp | Gas generator composition and method |
| US3897285A (en) * | 1973-09-10 | 1975-07-29 | Allied Chem | Pyrotechnic formulation with free oxygen consumption |
| US4152891A (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1979-05-08 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Pyrotechnic composition and method of inflating an inflatable automobile safety restraint |
-
1992
- 1992-05-28 EP EP92917388A patent/EP0543026A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-05-28 WO PCT/JP1992/000697 patent/WO1992021636A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3837942A (en) * | 1972-03-13 | 1974-09-24 | Specialty Prod Dev Corp | Low temperature gas generating compositions and methods |
| JPS49132208A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1974-12-18 | ||
| JPS4974165A (en) * | 1972-10-17 | 1974-07-17 | ||
| US4214438A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1980-07-29 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Pyrotechnic composition and method of inflating an inflatable device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP0543026A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0543026A4 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
| EP0543026A1 (en) | 1993-05-26 |
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