WO1992015436A1 - Slip casting - Google Patents
Slip casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992015436A1 WO1992015436A1 PCT/GB1992/000365 GB9200365W WO9215436A1 WO 1992015436 A1 WO1992015436 A1 WO 1992015436A1 GB 9200365 W GB9200365 W GB 9200365W WO 9215436 A1 WO9215436 A1 WO 9215436A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- machine
- stirring
- filling
- station
- stirrer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
- B28B1/267—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor in moulds or on moulding surfaces supported by, or formed in or by, conveyors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
Definitions
- This invention relates to a slip casting method and a machine.
- the machine and method have particular application in relation to casting larger items from bone china and porcelain.
- the invention is, however, by no means limited to such applications.
- a slip casting machine having a filling station and a stirring station at which slip introduced into mould at the filling station can be agitated.
- the filling and stirring can occur at the same station.
- a filling head assembly and a stirring head assembly could be arranged to operate on moulds at one station sequentially, or simultaneously.
- the filling head assembly could include a plurality of filling heads each incorporate a stirrer capable of being immersed in and stirring slip during and/or after filling and capable of being removed after stirring to permit mould movement.
- a filling head assembly and a stirring head assembly could each be movable between an operative position in register with moulds at the station and a remote storage position.
- the stirring can be effected by means acting on the mould rather than directly on the slip in them.
- means could be provided for stirring the slip by vibration of the moulds or a support or supports therefor.
- the vibration could be linear or part-rotary. Vibration through a vibrating support could be replaced or supplemented by a mould shaking and/or tilting assembly.
- the invention also provides a method of slip casting wherein after the mould has been filled the slip is stirred to reduce or eliminate wreathing.
- a separate stirring head can be moveable in its position longitudinally of the machine so that the distance between itself and the filling head can be varied depending on the size of moulds used. Whatever size of moulds are used on the machine, they can be placed almost side by side, and the index distance adjusted accordingly. This allows maximum use of conveyor space, particularly when all the moulds are being used.
- the stirring head can include a support which mounts a body for vertical movement, the body mounting a stirrer and including or consisting of a drive.
- the drive can be a shaft from a remote power source, but desirably is a power source incorporated within the body such as a pneumatic or electric motor.
- the body can, in fact, be a gear box connecting a motor to the stirrer.
- the stirrer can rotate about a vertical axis.
- the support can be a pneumatic cylinder arranged to move the stirrer into and out of the moulds in a generally vertical direction.
- the stirrer can be a central shaft with lateral blades.
- the blades can be solid or hollow depending on the nature of the slip and the type of moulds being used.
- the rate of stirring can be varied by altering either the speed of the stirrer and/or the depth of the immersion of the stirrer to suit different conditions.
- the slip casting machine incorporating the stirring station can be a linear machine, in which moulds pass in a general straight line from a filling to a tip and drain turntable and then return via a drying and conditioning conveyor, or can be a circular machine wherein a single operator position serves all functions.
- the slip moulding machine can have any convenient configuration with the stirring station being provided at one index position downstream of the filling station.
- a combined filling and stirring head assembly can be provided including free nozzels and stirrers mounted to move into operative relationship with a mould at the filling station.
- the filling and the stirring can be effected simultaneously or the stirring can be commenced part way after filling, or can start during filling and finish after filling has been completed.
- the filling nozzle and/or a stirrer support one on the same item or incorporated together to allow both functions to be carried out efficiently.
- Fig. 1 is a plan view of a preferred slip casting machine in accordance with the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a fragmental cross-section view on line 22 of Fig. 1;
- Figure 2A shows a detail of a stirrer of the machine
- Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view illustrating a second slip casting machine, also in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 4 is a view similar to figure 2 but showing a third machine.
- Figure 5 is a view similar to figure 2 but showing a fourth machine of the invention.
- a slip casting machine 10 is generally conventional including a pair of conveyors 11 and 12.
- Each of conveyors 11 and 12 is a triple conveyor in that it can convey three rows of moulds 13, 14 and 15.
- On conveyor 11 each row of moulds 13, 14, 15 proceeds from a position station 16 at which the mould is positioned by an operative. Thereafter, indexing of the conveyor moves the mould to a filling station 17 and thereafter to a stirring station 18 which will be described later. Downstream of the stirring station the filled moulds go through conventional operations such as standing, tip and draining and conditioning.
- At a discharge station 19 an operative strips the moulds, passes the goods for further processing and returns the moulds to the positioning stations 16.
- Fig. 2 shows part of the slip casting machine of Fig. 1 in vertical longitudinal cross-section.
- Conveyor 11 carries moulds 13 shown as 13a in the filling station, 13b in the stirring station and 13c subsequently.
- a filling nozzle 20 (connected to a supply of slip by a flexible hose 21) is carried downwards by a carriage 22 sliding along a pneumatic cylinder 23.
- a feeler 24 detects the mould a filling valve (not shown) is opened for a predetermined time sufficient to fill the particular mould concerned.
- filling of the mould can be detected by other means and the valve closed when a desired level of slip in the mould has been reached.
- Operation of the filling station is entirely conventional, and as indicated by the arrow 25, its position along the machine can be varied depending on the size of the mould employed.
- the separation between the indexing positions can vary. For medium size moulds a separation D is usual, whereas the separation can actually vary from a larger value Dl to a smaller value D2 as indicated. It will be appreciated that the distance between the stations 16, 17 and 17, 18 has to be one indexing step.
- a support in the form of a pneumatic cylinder 26 is provided at the stirring station 18 and mounts a stirring assembly 27 for vertical movement.
- the support 20 can be moved longitudinally as indicated by the arrow 28 to adjust the indexing distance.
- the stirring assembly 27 can include a carriage 29 carried by the support 26.
- the carriage 29 can support, for example, a gear box 30 driven by a pneumatic or electric motor 31. Alternatively, of course, the carriage 29 can simply connect a drive from a remote position to the assembly.
- a shaft 32 which carries stirring blades 33.
- the shaft 32 is some 22mm in diameter, and each of the blades 33 is constituted by a rod of comparative diameter attached to the shaft 32 and rotatable therewith.
- loop type blades two or more in number, or plain sheet like blades, or perforated blades can be used. No limitation is placed on the type of stirrer.
- a slip casting machine 34 which has a circular two or one lane conveyor 35 and an operator position 36.
- movement of the moulds 37 is in a circular or other closed loop path and following a filling station 38 is a stirring station 39.
- the essential constructions of the filling and stirring stations can be similar to those described in relation to Figs. 1 and 2.
- a combined filling and stirring assembly (40) includes a plurality of filling heads (41) . As shown in figure 1 these may be three in number, but any convenient number can be provided extending transversely of the machine conveyor (42) . Each head is carried by a support (43) whereby it can be raised and lowered.
- the support (43) can be a beam extending transversely of the conveyor and supported by a plurality of pneumatic or hydraulic rams (44) for movement into and out of engagement with the mould (45) .
- an individual support (43) can be provided for each head (41) and each individual support (43) can be carried by an individual ram (44) .
- each head a supply nozzle (46) is mounted and there is a position sensing feeler (47) .
- a tight beam mould location system can be used.
- a stirrer shaft (48) which carries a paddle or like stirrer (49) which in the operative position of the support (43) is immersed in slip (50) of the mould (45) .
- the upper end of the stirrer shaft (48) is connected by a gear box (51) to a motor (52) which can be either electric or hydraulic or pneumatic.
- motor (52) can be either electric or hydraulic or pneumatic.
- shaft (48) could be directly driven if required.
- Stirring can be carried out during and/or after filling has taken place.
- the degree of stirring can be varied by arranging for the depth of emersion of the paddle (49) to be variable or by arranging for the speed of rotation of shaft (48) to be changed.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a fourth possible machine again wherein there is a single filling and stirring station. However, there are separate filling and stirring head assemblies (53) and (54) . Each of head assemblies (53) and (54) is movable between an operative position and a storage position. The operative position is indicated by the numeral suffix A and the rest position is indicated by the numeral suffix B.
- the filling head assembly (53) includes a plurality of filling heads (56).
- the heads (56) can be separably mounted for movement but are conveniently interconnected. To this end they can have a common support (57) in the form of a beam which at each end is connected to a pivotable link (58) which is movable between the two illustrated positions by means of pneumatic or hydraulic rams (63) or a like, mechansium means being provided to maintain the general vertical orientation of filling nozzle (59) during such movement.
- the stirring head assembly includes a plurality of stirring head (60) which can have either individual or a common support such as a beam (61) .
- the beam (61) is mounted by a pair of pivotal links (58) and is again moveable between its two position by means of a pair of rams (62) .
- a stirring shaft (63) carries a paddle (64) and the shaft (63) can be rotated by means of a motor (65) .
- filling is carried out with the filling heads in their operative position and the stirring heads in their storage position. After filling the filling heads are removed and the stirring heads moved into position to carry out the stirring. Whilst the stirring can not be carried out during filling, it can be carried out immediately afterwards. This can be advantageous in some circumstances.
- the filling nozzle and the stirring shaft can be identical or combined.
- the two shafts could be concentric, the filling nozzle being central and stationery and an outer stirrer shaft surrounding the nozzle and being rotatable mounted relatively thereto.
- THe stirrer shaft would be open at its lower end to allow slip to emerge from the nozzle and a stirrer blade on the lower part of the stirrer shaft could be arranged to travel around the slip issuing from the nozzle during filling so that stirring can occur during filling without undue splashing.
- the type of stirrer can vary widely depending on the circumstances, moulds and slip being used and the stirring action can be rotary, vertical or in any other combination of direction.
- the drive for the stirrer can be of any convenient form, and the amount of stirring is desirably variable, either by varying the speed of stirring or by varying the depth of the immersion of the stirrer or both stirring can be effected by means engaging the moulds or the carrier such as a conveyor beneath the moulds at the filling or stirring station.
- Rams could vibrate the conveyor, or a beam could carry probes or clamps which could engage the moulds and either vibrate them or apply cyclic tilting or like movement thereto.
- the invention is, of course, applicable to slip casting apparatus of any form.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB919104467A GB9104467D0 (en) | 1991-03-02 | 1991-03-02 | Slip casing |
GB9104467.7 | 1991-03-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992015436A1 true WO1992015436A1 (en) | 1992-09-17 |
Family
ID=10690919
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1992/000365 WO1992015436A1 (en) | 1991-03-02 | 1992-02-28 | Slip casting |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0574481A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1360092A (en) |
GB (1) | GB9104467D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992015436A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1818148A2 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-15 | Maschinen- und Stahlbau, Julius Lippert GmbH & Co. KG | Device and method for producing ceramic hollow objects by pressure casting |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117140699B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-05 | 福建省德化佳汇陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic production glazing equipment |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1694563A (en) * | 1927-02-02 | 1928-12-11 | Donald W Ross | Method of molding ceramic materials |
DE575076C (en) * | 1932-04-13 | 1933-04-24 | Porzellanfabrik Kahla | Pouring funnel for pouring the ceramic mass into the mold |
GB734309A (en) * | 1953-02-12 | 1955-07-27 | Shelley Potteries Ltd | Improvements relating to the casting of pottery articles |
GB929752A (en) * | 1959-11-24 | 1963-06-26 | Porzellanwerk Reichenbach Veb | Process of and apparatus for production of articles of ceramic substances or synthetic plastics |
DE3428885A1 (en) * | 1983-10-26 | 1985-05-09 | VE Wissenschaftlich-technischer Betrieb Keramik, DDR 8250 Meißen | Process for casting ceramic mouldings under the effect of mechanical vibrations |
GB2157225A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1985-10-23 | Central Ceramic Services Limit | Slip casting apparatus |
-
1991
- 1991-03-02 GB GB919104467A patent/GB9104467D0/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-02-28 AU AU13600/92A patent/AU1360092A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-02-28 EP EP19920906284 patent/EP0574481A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-02-28 WO PCT/GB1992/000365 patent/WO1992015436A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1694563A (en) * | 1927-02-02 | 1928-12-11 | Donald W Ross | Method of molding ceramic materials |
DE575076C (en) * | 1932-04-13 | 1933-04-24 | Porzellanfabrik Kahla | Pouring funnel for pouring the ceramic mass into the mold |
GB734309A (en) * | 1953-02-12 | 1955-07-27 | Shelley Potteries Ltd | Improvements relating to the casting of pottery articles |
GB929752A (en) * | 1959-11-24 | 1963-06-26 | Porzellanwerk Reichenbach Veb | Process of and apparatus for production of articles of ceramic substances or synthetic plastics |
DE3428885A1 (en) * | 1983-10-26 | 1985-05-09 | VE Wissenschaftlich-technischer Betrieb Keramik, DDR 8250 Meißen | Process for casting ceramic mouldings under the effect of mechanical vibrations |
GB2157225A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1985-10-23 | Central Ceramic Services Limit | Slip casting apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 398 (M-866)(3746) 5 September 1989 & JP,A,1 141 003 ( TOYOTA MOTOR CORP. ) 2 June 1989 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1818148A2 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-15 | Maschinen- und Stahlbau, Julius Lippert GmbH & Co. KG | Device and method for producing ceramic hollow objects by pressure casting |
DE102006005897A1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-16 | Maschinen- Und Stahlbau Julius Lippert Gmbh & Co. Kg | Apparatus and method for producing hollow ceramic articles by high pressure casting |
EP1818148A3 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-10-31 | Maschinen- und Stahlbau, Julius Lippert GmbH & Co. KG | Device and method for producing ceramic hollow objects by pressure casting |
DE102006005897B4 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2009-06-25 | Maschinen- Und Stahlbau Julius Lippert Gmbh & Co. Kg | Apparatus and method for producing hollow ceramic articles by high pressure casting |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU1360092A (en) | 1992-10-06 |
EP0574481A1 (en) | 1993-12-22 |
GB9104467D0 (en) | 1991-04-17 |
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