WO1992012354A1 - Dispositifs d'etancheite a labyrinthe et ensembles de logements de paliers les comprenant - Google Patents

Dispositifs d'etancheite a labyrinthe et ensembles de logements de paliers les comprenant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992012354A1
WO1992012354A1 PCT/GB1992/000062 GB9200062W WO9212354A1 WO 1992012354 A1 WO1992012354 A1 WO 1992012354A1 GB 9200062 W GB9200062 W GB 9200062W WO 9212354 A1 WO9212354 A1 WO 9212354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seal
labyrinth seal
sealing means
labyrinth
additional sealing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1992/000062
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony Veness Cook
Original Assignee
Edwin Lowe Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Edwin Lowe Ltd. filed Critical Edwin Lowe Ltd.
Publication of WO1992012354A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992012354A1/fr
Priority to GB9312430A priority Critical patent/GB2266565B/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/02—Bearings
    • F16C13/022—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/44—Free-space packings
    • F16J15/447—Labyrinth packings
    • F16J15/4476—Labyrinth packings with radial path
    • F16J15/4478—Pre-assembled packings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/58—Conveyor systems, e.g. rollers or bearings therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to labyrinth seals for sealing one angularly movable member with respect to another, and to bearing housing assemblies incorporating labyrinth seals.
  • Labyrinth seals have been known for many years and comprise a first component relatively angularly movable with respect to a second component, the two components defining a labyrinthine pathway between them which contaminant particles must negotiate in order to pass the seal.
  • the two components must have a small gap between them in order for them to be rotatable relative to each other.
  • the gap is designed to have a convoluted path in order to hinder the progress of dirt through the seal.
  • Labyrinth seals are used to protect sensitive areas- such as bearings, from dust, grit and dirt in their working environment.
  • a labyrinth seal comprising first and second components relatively angularly movable with respect to each other and defining a labyrinthine path from one side of the seal to the other, the seal being characterised in that additional sealing means is provided between the two components, the additional sealing means applying a sealing force axially or radially of the seal so as substantially seal the labyrinth seal against the ingress of liquid contaminants.
  • Such a seal has the advantages of labyrinth seals in that it is suitable for use between rotating members, and also has the advantage of being resistant to the passage of liquid. Conventional labyrinth seals will not prevent the passage of liquids because they are by definition gap seals.
  • the seal also seals against the passage of airborne contaminants such as stone dust.
  • the additional sealing means is provided on one of the components and is preferably urged against a sealing face on the other component.
  • the additional sealing means is preferably resilient, and preferably comprises a lip seal. The sealing force is preferably due to the inherent resilience of the additional sealing means.
  • the additional sealing means is preferably provided at the radially inner edge region of the labyrinth seal.
  • the additional sealing means preferably biases the first and second components axially apart. This can help to reduce another problem of labyrinth seals when used on rollers.
  • a roller outer tube is conventionally mounted on its shaft by a housing bearing such that the shaft is slightly axially movable with respect to the outer roller tube; there is a certain degree of axial "play".
  • the axial play between the shaft and tube means that when a labyrinth seal is used in the bearing housing the one of the components that is relatively stationary with respect to the tube moves axially backwards and forwards relative to the other of the components which is relatively stationary with respect to the shaft.
  • the additional sealing means seals the first and second components against the passage of air, at least on one direction.
  • the additional biasing means may act as a one-way valve.
  • a further problem associated with providing labyrinth seals in idler rollers is that in conventional labyrinth seals the labyrinthine pathway provides a relatively easy path for dust, gases or vapours to pass the seal and be drawn into or expelled from the main central cavity of an idler roller (the main central cavity is the space inside the hollow tube which is closed at each end by bearing housing assemblies) .
  • the main central cavity is the space inside the hollow tube which is closed at each end by bearing housing assemblies
  • the air inside the tube gets hotter it expands and, to equalise the pressure inside and outside of the tube, air is forced out of the tube past the bearing seal.
  • air is drawn into the tube to equalise the pressure.
  • the air drawn into the tube may contain water vapour, fine dust particles, or any chemical in the vicinity of the roller. This can cause the bearing, or the tube itself, to corrode from the inside, and any dust may mechanically wear the bearing race.
  • the additional sealing means is preferably a lip seal and preferably has a mounting end secured to or integral with said one component and a sealing end which bears against the sealing face on said other component.
  • the sealing end may have a sealing bead.
  • the lip seal may be frusto-conical and may have an inwardly directed lip.
  • the housing assembly may comprise a bearing housing assembly and may hold a bearing.
  • Figure 2 schematically illustrates a labyrinth seal in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 3 shows a taper roller bearing type housing assembly incorporating a labyrinth seal similar to that of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 shows the bearing housing assembly of Figure 3 fitted to a roller tube mounted on a shaft
  • FIGS 5 and 6 schematically show other labyrinth seals.
  • FIG. 1 shows a bearing housing assembly 1 comprising a ball bearing 2 and labyrinth seal 3 held in a housing 4 which is welded to a tube 5 of an idler roller.
  • the tube 5 is mounted on a shaft 6 via the bearing 2.
  • the labyrinth seal comprises a first annular component 7 fixed relative to the housing 4 and a second annular component 8 fixed relative to the shaft 6.
  • the seal 3 provides a labyrinthine path from one side of th* seal to the
  • a "breathing” labyrinth seal 10 is shown in
  • the seal 10 comprises a first component 11 which in use in an idler roller is fixed relative to the bearing housing (and outer tube) , and a second component 12 which in use is fixed relative to the shaft of an idler roller.
  • the two components 11 and 12 are relatively rotatable and are integrally moulded in resilient material such as rubber or plastics (for example polyurethane) .
  • resilient material such as rubber or plastics (for example polyurethane) .
  • the stationary part of the seal to be the outer ring of the seal and the moving part of the seal to be the inner component.
  • the first component 11 comprises an annular radial end face portion 13 defining a central aperture 14, an axial outer wall 15 extending from the outer peripheral edge portion of the radial face portion 13, a series of concentric annular ring walls 16 to 18 extending axially, and an additional sealing wiper lip 19.
  • the wiper lip 19 is a resilient, springy, element and has a sealing bead or head 20 joined to the junction of the inner concentric ring wall 16 and the radial face portion 13 by a frusto-conical main body 21.
  • the outer wall 15 has a radially stepped inner surface which defines a radial shoulder 22, and a chamfered end 23.
  • the ring walls 16-18 and the outer wall 15 define annular gaps 24, 25 and 26 in combination with elements of the second component 12 (not yet described) which project into the gaps 24,25,26.
  • the second component 12 comprises an annular body portion 27 from one end of which a radial end face portion 28 extends, an annular sleeve 29 extending from the other end of the body portion 27, and annular ring walls 30-32 extending axially from the end face portion 28.
  • the body portion 27 defines a radial sealing face 33.
  • the body portion 27 and the ring walls 30-32 define annular gaps 34, 35 and 36 in combination with the walls 16-18.
  • the axial end of the body portion 27 spaced from the sleeve 29 has an annular boss 37.
  • the ring walls 30-32 project into the gaps 24-26, and the ring walls 16-18 project into the gaps 34-36, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the seal 10 is shown in Figure 2 in its pre-assembly condition.
  • the seal is in its assembled position of use in which the first and second components 11 and 12 are held axially closer together than the relative positions shown in Figure 2.
  • the assembly compression distance is indicated at reference No. 38 and is such that when the two components are held closer together in their relative positions of use the resilient wiper lip 19 is bent radially inwards and resiliently presses against the face 33 to seal the two components against the passage of liquids.
  • the lip 19 also serves as a one way valve, as will be described shortly.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a bearing housing assembly 40 having a taper roller bearing 41, spring biasing means 42, an inner seal 43, a labyrinth seal 44 similar to seal 10, a cup 45 holding the seal 44, and a retaining washer 48 holding the aforementioned elements in a housing 49.
  • Grease 50 fills the gap between the roller bearing 41 and the inner seal 43.
  • the labyrinth seal 44 includes a lip 51 similar to lip 19 of seal 10.
  • a bearing housing assembly incorporating biasing means 42 to load a bearing forms the subject matter of our earlier filed Patent Co-operation Treaty Application No. PCT/GB91/01716 and the contents of that Application are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the assembly 40 is a pre-fabricated unit which is ready for simply welding to the end of a cut idler tube.
  • Figure 4 shows a roller 39 comprising the assembly 40 welded to an idler tube 52 and mounted on a shaft 53.
  • a similar assembly 40 is welded to the other end of the tube.
  • the spring 42 engages on a shoulder on the shaft 53 to bias the taper roller bearing 41 together.
  • the wiper lip 51 on one component of the seal 44 is urged against a sealing abutment face of the other component of the seal during the manufacture of the bearing housing assembly 40.
  • the roller is, in the example described, used horizontally in a conveyor system, but it is well known to use similar idlers as "wing idlers" inclined at an angle to the horizontal.
  • a standard trough of idlers for a conveyor system typically comprises two wing idlers and a horizontal idler in a flat-bottomed V-configuration.
  • the lip 51 also allows the seal 44 to cope with a small degree of relative axial movement between the two components of the seal.
  • an idler bearing manufacturer can produce shafts and tubes with wider dimensional tolerances than has traditionally been possible.
  • the sealing wiper lip 51 prevents liquids which may be spilled on the bearing housing assembly 40 from passing along the labyrinth passages of the seal and reaching the bearing 41. Furthermore, the lip 51 acts as a one way valve allowing air to be released from the interior of the tube 52 when the air inside the tube expands, but substantially preventing contaminated air from entering the tube 52 via the labyrinth seal when the air in the tube contracts.
  • the seal of the lip 51 may be tight enough to prevent air from escaping from the tube altogether.
  • a modified labyrinth seal 60 is shown in a pre-assembly condition in Figure 5 and is suitable for use with bearing housing assemblies for idler rollers for conveyors.
  • the seal 60 is similar to seal 10 except that it has only two sets of axially extending ring walls, has no shoulder 22, and has a second resilient wiper lip 61 sealing the two components against liquids and gases (in one direction of flow) .
  • the radial face portion of the second component is provided with an annular sealing surface 62 against which the lip 61 seals.
  • labyrinth seals shown are known as “horizontal” labyrinth seals and have their labyrinthine passages generally parallel to the axis of the idler shaft.
  • "Vertical” labyrinth seals are also known in which the labyrinth passages extend radially away from the shaft, and the present invention is also applicable to this type of labyrinth seal.
  • Figure 6 shows the invention applied to a horizontal labyrinth seal.
  • sealing lips 19, 51, and 62 seal against liquid contaminants which may be present in the working environment of the seals, but that if the seals were used in situations in which they were exposed at one side only to high pressure liquids the sealing lips may not be effective (for example if the seals were used in conveyor idler rollers used under a significant depth of water) .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif d'étanchéité à labyrinthe (10) destiné à un ensemble de logement de pallier, comprenant des premier (11) et deuxième (12) éléments qui sont relativement mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre, dans le sens angulaire. Les éléments définissent un passage en forme de labyrinthe qui va d'un côté à l'autre du dispositif d'étanchéité (10). Entre les deux éléments (11, 12) on a prévu un système d'étanchéité supplémentaire (19) qui exerce axialement ou radialement une force d'étanchéité sur le dispositif d'étanchéité de manière à fermer hermétiquement le dispsotiif d'étanchéité pour empêcher l'introduction d'agents contaminants liquides. Le système d'étanchéité supplémentaire se présente de préférence sous forme d'un élément d'étanchéité (19) à cône tronqué, comprenant une lèvre orientée vers l'intérieur (21), et on le place au niveau de la zone de bord radialement interne du dispositif d'étanchéité à labyrinthe.
PCT/GB1992/000062 1991-01-12 1992-01-10 Dispositifs d'etancheite a labyrinthe et ensembles de logements de paliers les comprenant WO1992012354A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9312430A GB2266565B (en) 1991-01-12 1993-06-16 Labyrinth seals and bearing housing assemblies incorporating them

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9100705.4 1991-01-12
GB919100705A GB9100705D0 (en) 1991-01-12 1991-01-12 Labyrinth seals and bearing housing assemblies incorporating them

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992012354A1 true WO1992012354A1 (fr) 1992-07-23

Family

ID=10688366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1992/000062 WO1992012354A1 (fr) 1991-01-12 1992-01-10 Dispositifs d'etancheite a labyrinthe et ensembles de logements de paliers les comprenant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1171292A (fr)
GB (2) GB9100705D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992012354A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA9273B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29516107U1 (de) * 1995-10-11 1995-12-07 Gebr. Bellmer GmbH & Co. KG, 75223 Niefern-Öschelbronn Lager für eine Walze

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR84232E (fr) * 1963-08-28 1964-12-24 Precismeca Sa Joint étanche
FR86484E (fr) * 1964-09-18 1966-02-18 Joint d'étanchéité pour la protection des roulements à billes
AT349839B (de) * 1976-05-25 1979-04-25 Voest Ag Einrichtung zur axialen sicherung eines lagers auf einer achse oder welle
GB2070701A (en) * 1980-03-03 1981-09-09 Reliance Electric Co Bearing seal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR84232E (fr) * 1963-08-28 1964-12-24 Precismeca Sa Joint étanche
FR86484E (fr) * 1964-09-18 1966-02-18 Joint d'étanchéité pour la protection des roulements à billes
AT349839B (de) * 1976-05-25 1979-04-25 Voest Ag Einrichtung zur axialen sicherung eines lagers auf einer achse oder welle
GB2070701A (en) * 1980-03-03 1981-09-09 Reliance Electric Co Bearing seal

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29516107U1 (de) * 1995-10-11 1995-12-07 Gebr. Bellmer GmbH & Co. KG, 75223 Niefern-Öschelbronn Lager für eine Walze

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9312430D0 (en) 1993-08-18
AU1171292A (en) 1992-08-17
GB2266565A (en) 1993-11-03
GB2266565B (en) 1994-10-12
GB9100705D0 (en) 1991-02-27
ZA9273B (en) 1992-11-25

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