Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
  • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
  • B28D7/04—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for supporting or holding work or conveying or discharging work
  • B28D7/043—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for supporting or holding work or conveying or discharging work the supporting or holding device being angularly adjustable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
  • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
  • B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
  • B28D1/225—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising for scoring or breaking, e.g. tiles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a series of manual, professional, middlelarge machines for cutting very hard tiles, even of the monobal ⁇ ed kind, with a thick glass-like covering and/or heterogeneous structure, whose functionality, productivity and accuracy of cutting is the goal of an integrated collection of numerous original combinations of components and subcomponents, only partially known, characterized also for their dimensions and proportions.
• a scoring groove I of deepness i, i.e., for weakening the cross section S, at a vertical plane, corresponding to the cutting T to be made and then stressing, by a force F, contemporarily, mutually, the two parts A and B of tile P, siding the scoring groove I, in at least one point 66, respect at least one point 33 of reaction, coincident with the cutting plane T, i.e., the plane of provision of scoring groove I.
• the width 1 of the narrower A of the bands A, B, determined by localization of the cutting T is congruous to length LL of the cutting T or of the same scoring groove I, substantially no problem exists, and the cutting T occurs with a breaking at the right vertical plane coincident with the scoring groove I.
• the cut T to be provided running parallel to the longitudinal sides of tile P to be cut or the width of at least one A of the parts A and B to be cut, is considerably shorter than length 11 of the cutting, at least intercurring between the point 66 of application stress F and the end of scoring groove I, there is a high probability that tile P can accidentally broken according to an incorrect cross line, i.e., a way shorter than that provided by the scoring groove I.
• the machines for cutting tiles do not comply these requirements. While the tiles - mainly used as wall coating - where of the kind with soft body and a thin layer of glass like material as covering, every kind of cutting machine pronounceded suited well the cutting purpose and the wrong cuttings were mainly to be attributed to defects of the tile, more than to defects of the devices comprised in the tile cutting machine.
• scoring grooves already conditioned by inconstancy of manual torque applied, particularly in intervals remote from supports, also for bending reason, resulted in scoring groove segments scarcely engraved; thus such scarcely engraved grooves might result in vitiated cross breakings not correspond-ing with the cut line wanted and provide either a minor deviation from the clear cut or main deviations through a plane completely wrong or diverging.
• provision of an higher stiffness involves heavy and dear structures which, for a portable and manual machine is a serious limitation, not better that its bad functioning.
• the invention as claimed is intended to remedy these drawbacks.
• the inventor with ingenious perception has conceived a series of manual, professional, middlelarge machines for cutting very hard tiles, even of the monobaked kind, with a thick glass-like covering and/or heterogeneous structure, whose functionality, productivity and accuracy of cutting is the goal of an integrated collection of numerous original combinations of components and subcomponents, only in part known, characterized also for their dimensions and proportions, thus providing the goal of:
• maximizations include respectively, the following particulars: 1) Maximization of the scoring groove: a) for the provision of the scoring groove, the tile is viced so that even heavily applying thereon, with the scoring tool, it keeps stationary.
• all the machines of the series are provided with a device adapted to such purpose, even in order to repeat, more times, the same scoring, thus deepening more and more the scoring groove; b) all the machines of the series are provided, along the scoring track, with rests for holding up the scoring pressure; such rests having, in proximity of the end, slightly reduced top levels; c) the scoring tool carrier is of the thrust kind; it is chiefly advantageous, since the weight of the user arm, when distended, express an higher ergonomic yield and favours the constant application of the force on the control member.
• the machine is qualified to bear, intrinsically the induced loads and extrinsically is provided with an arrangement such that no components of the effective force applied are wasted in undue movements of the machine.
• Each machine is in addition provided with antislipping rubber rests, which of course keep it stationary even when the operating and fastening levers are handled; d) the tool carrier settlement, in the machine arrangement, advantageously provides, easily, a substantially constant force in every point of the stroke;
• the machines of the series are sized and designed so that the universe of tile dimensions is distributed among five machines, wherein each of them has the task to cut tiles with a side equal or shorter than the stroke of the machine, as well as all the tiles with sides shorter than such stroke, with the exception that,
• the system is of the kind comprising at least a bridge guide, with a device for tile soft scoring and tile heavy cutting effects, which is provided at one end of the bridge-guide, whose other end is substantially hinged or contained by wall like members, adjustable in accordance with the tile thickness, wherein the same bridge guide is provided, in central longitudinal position, with a pair of shoe-like pressers, mounted free to oscillate and provided each with a pair of contact points, in order to comprise a system of four upper points, placed bridge ⁇ like over a middle bottom blade, placed at the centre of four upper points and comprising at least two points.
• the six points have been increased, substantially segmenting the upper acting pressing member of the shoe-like pressers, as well as the bottom sharp middle blade or wedge, providing the reaction, having however care to graduate the top levels of the various segments to provide a stepped operability, in accordance with working progress.
• the members designed to heavily stress the tile are sturdily fastened to absolutely stuff parts of the machine structure, being concentrat _d, in order to provide the necessary stiffness and minimizing the structure weights.
• Determinative for the invention is the combination, between a thrust scoring tool and a fastening device, wherein the former is easily movable with one hand, while, with the other hand, the tile is kept at rest, in soft manner when referred to the possibility of cutting, but firmly when referred to the tile being scored.
• each machine is characterized by the combination in which: the scoring tool is of the thrust kind and has a control member movable in the interval of half meter about the position of levers, to control the soft scoring and cutting vicing.
• the hinging rod of the gauge is mounted stationary on the base, close aside the projection of the plane view of the body of the scoring tool, at the end of the stroke, so that the goniorietric segment rests in the room adapted to receive the body of the same scoring tool.
• the movement of the axis of the rod, aside of the bridge guide, is such that, with the angular swinging of 90° of the gauge, the resting edge of same gauge, moves adjacent to the corresponding presser, also to provide a disposal or encumber limitation of the gauge in the machine arrangement.
• the shoe-like pressers have a length not shorter than one third of the effective stroke of the scoring tool or of the guide, and the hinging centre or .axis, is placed about at the centre of the square whose diagonal corresponds to the stroke of the tool carrier or of the guide respective, the arrangement being such that, for side lengths and/or strokes longer than 43 cm, the pressers are provided each with three pressing points, the central thereof standing at a level slightly higher, the bottom tile resting blade or wedge being segmented, wherein the segments far from the side of cutting have a quote of rest slightly lower and have the purpose to react to the mere scoring force.
• the sheet-like plate having a vertical elastic suspension, , s provided, in the middle of its longitudinal sides, with a support arm servicing for a distance more than one half of the length of the gauge; the whole optimized for a machine with stroke of 62 cm, with a weight of Kg 17 and a possibility of cutting of tiles of the so said "ENDURO" kind, of 62 cm of side with possibility of cutting minimum tile bands of 2 cm or of 43 cm of side, placed in diagonal at 45°.
• a series of five machines is provided, wherein the structure and dimensions of their main parts are as follows, respectively for cutting tiles having maximum side or diagonal dimension of cm 92, 62, 50, 43, 31,5, wherein the dimensions, from a to f,
• N Absolute position of the considered point.
• Figure 1 is a perspective exploded view, of a tile cutting machine, in this case of the kind for cutting tiles, having side or diagonal maximum dimension of cm 62.
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of the machine of figure 1 shown assembled, wherein some parts thereof are broken to show some other parts, otherwise hidden.
• Figure 3 is a perspective view of the machine of figure 2, but shown substantially from the bottom.
• Figure 4 is a plane view of machine of figures 2 and 3.
• Figure 5 is a schematic demonstrative perspective view of the basis of tile cutting art, for cutting a tile P, substantially without material removal,
• Figure 6 is a graph, having two abscissas and two ordinates, representative of the breaking strengths of the tile, in function of real distances by cm comprised between the point of application of the force and the end of the tile, as well as in function of width by cm of the band A of tile P to be cut and moreover of the demonstrative scoring groove deepness;
• demonstrative tqo is the deepness of possible asperities estimated experimentally.
• a tile cutting machine comprises: a relatively flat, substantially rectangular extended base 1, having a truss structure, from upper surface 11 of which stand two high uprights 12, 12', substantially at the ends thereof and between them, substantially to connect their foot: a blade or wedge 3, to provide a rest for the tile P; a sheet like plate 4, having a vertical elastic suspension, oscillating in the level interval of the blade or wedge 3; an orthogonal, adjustable and swingable gauge 5,, substantially adjacent said sheet-like plate 4; a bridge guide 6, which rests on said uprights 12, 12', wherein with one 6'.
• a bridge guide 6 being comprised by two parallel rods 60, 60', in the form of beams, providing a guide for a scoring tool carrier 8, wherein each rod or beam 60, 60' is provided with a coaxial, crosswise hinged shoe-like pressers 9, 9'; the unit providing both a soft scoring and a hard cutting fastening arrangement, with side action on four points 66. provided by said shoe-like pressers 9, 9' and corresponding central reaction, provided by the blade 3 substantially in two points 33.
• the scoring tool carrier 8 is of the thrust kind and has a control member 80, handlable in the range of half meter about the position of levers 7, 7' to control the soft and cutting vicing; the hinging rod 50 of the gauge 5 is mounted stationary on the base 1, close aside the projection of the plane view of the body of the scoring tool carrier 8, at the end of
• the shoe-like pressers have a length not shorter than one third of the effective stroke of the scoring tool carrier 8 or of the guide 60, 60' and the centre or pivoting axis 90, is placed about at the centre of the square, whose diagonal corresponds to the stroke of the tool carrier 8 or of the guide 60, 60' respective, wherein for side length longer than 43 cm the pressers 9, 9' are provided each with three contact points 66, 66'. 66 the central one 66', of which, has a slightly higher level.
• the bottom resting blade 3 is segmented at 33, rightly under the pressers 9, 9', whereas the segment 33', far from the side of the levers 7, 7' of breaking, have a level of rest slightly lower and have the purpose to provide the reaction to the mere force of scoring.
• the sheet ⁇ like plate 4 has an elastic suspension, on the shock absorbers 40 and is provided, in the middle of its longitudinal side, with an arm 41, 41', hinged thereto, which may be swung, of about 180°, which, extended, provides a rest for the tile P, to cover a distance up to more than half of the length of the gauge 5; when retrieved is received under the plate 4, where matches the step 15 of the base 1.
• Each arm 41, 41' is sheet-like and is relatively elastic.
• the base 1 with the features shown, i.e., with the lightenings 10 and the structure 1 of girder (figure 3), is provided by die- casted aluminium, with parts embodied, the whole arrangement optimized for a machine with stroke of 62 cm, with a weight of Kg 17 and a possibility of cutting of tiles, of the so said "ENDURO" kind, of 62 cm of side, with possibility of cutting minimum tile bands of 2 cm or of 43 cm of side placed in diagonal at 45°.
• a series of five machines is provided, wherein the structure and dimensions of the main parts is as follows, respectively for cutting of tiles having maximum side or diagonal dimension of cm 92, 62, 50, 43, 31,5, wherein the dimensions from a to f are referred to Figure 4: a b_
• the control member 80 of the tool carrier 8 of the machine V to be shifted 92 cm, is made longer, whereby, in starting conditions, it projects well over the levers 7, 7'; b) all the machines of the series are provided, all along the scoring track, with rests 3 for holding up the scoring pressure; such rests 33, under the pressers 9, 9' are sharp and very hard, while those 33' placed near the end have levels slightly reduced and have flat tops; c) the scoring tool carrier 8 is of the thrust kind, chiefly advantageous, of effi ⁇ ciency U, since the weight of the user's arm, when distended, express an higher ergonomic yield and favours the constant application of the force J on the control member 80.
• the machine is qualified to bear, intrinsically the induced loads and extrinsically is provided with an arrangement, such that no components of the effective force applied is wasted in undue moi ements of the machine.
• Each machine is, in addition, provided with antislipping rubber rests 13, which, of course, keep it stationary, even when the fastening levers 7, 7' are handled;
• the settlement of tool carrier 8, in the machine arrangement advantageously results simply in a substantially constant force J, substantially in every point of the stroke I, in order to provide a constant deepness in the scoring groove;
• the machines of the series from I to V are sized and designed so that the universe of tile dimensions is distributed among five machines, wherein each of them has the task to cut tiles having a side or diagonal shorter than the stroke of the machine, as well as all the tiles of shorter than such stroke, with the exception that the smallest tiles, in the largest machines, cannot be lean-to the gauge 5, which suitably is provided with its rotation axis 50 in stationary position.
• the amenability of such distribution is evidenced by graph of figure 6.
• the graph of figure 6 is a graph having two abscissas Z and i and two ordinates Ri and 1, representative of the demonstrative strength Ri, expressed by percentage, beyond which the tile P cuts in function of real distances Z, expressed by cm, comprised between the point 66 of application of the force and the end of the tile P, as well as in function of width 1, it too expressed by cm, of the band ⁇ of tile P to be cut and moreover of the deepness i demonstrative of scoring groove, expressed by percentage, demonstrative too is the deepness D of the possible asperities, estimated experimentally. Of the deepness i, three experimental ranges are given: two of scoring i', i" and one D of the asperities.
• Spot i" express the deepness of scoring groove I, provided on an "ENDURO" tile with a conventional machine, having a single triad of stressing points 66, 33, 66, then without fastening and thrust scoring, while the spot i' express the deepness i of scoring groove provided on an "ENDURO" tile, with machines in accordance with the invention, a two triads 66, 33, 66; 66, 33, 66, of points of stress, then with fastening and scoring with thrust tool carrier. Of the slanting lines of reading of the combined graph, four interabscissa and one interordinate lines are shown.
• interordinate line indicates the limit of 2 cm of distance 1 from the tile marge.
• the worst condition is, of course, that of machine V, supposing that a tile P of 92 cm of side is to be cut, i.e., a tile engaging the whole capacity of the machine.
• the cutting is to be provided at a distance of 2 cm from the tile edge; since in the machine V the length 11, comprised between the point 66 of application of the force and the end of the cutting T or of the scoring groove I, is of 60 cm, the graph indicates that the slanting lines of reading, starting respectively from point 2 of the right ordinate and from point 60 of the upper abscissae, join in one point, which is on the border line with the area i' of scoring in the upper part of it; thus the graph indicates that the tile will cut at the groove I of scoring provided that
• the scoring groove is suitably made; from the graph it may also be noted that the cutting strength, in such point, is about equal to 44% of the total.
• Such result is astonishing, particularly when compared with the result, obtained by the same graph, with reference to a conventional machine, having a stress arrangement with three points 66, 33, 66; thus in case of a whole length of 92 cm and with a scoring field i" scarcely deep, the possibility of success is only beyond 23 cm of di ⁇ stance 1 of the cutting T from tile edge.
• the machine user obtains a professional set, of one or more machines, covering the tile dimensions of his most frequent application, but he will, each time, carry with him the machine adapted to cut the maximum tile side or diagonal size of the tile comprising the floor to be tiled.
• the pressers 9, 9' engage perfectly the tile surface.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
• Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
• Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=11323666

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (8)

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Citations (9)

• 1990
  • 1990-12-31 IT IT08365390A patent/IT1247658B/it active IP Right Grant
• 1991
  • 1991-12-31 ES ES92901684T patent/ES2078731T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-12-31 DE DE69112083T patent/DE69112083T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-12-31 AT AT92901684T patent/ATE126121T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1991-12-31 EP EP92901684A patent/EP0565561B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-12-31 WO PCT/EP1991/002527 patent/WO1992011985A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1991-12-31 AU AU91329/91A patent/AU9132991A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (9)

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