WO1992008541A1 - PROCEDE ET APPAREIL D'EPURATION DES GAZ D'ECHAPPEMENT CONTAMINES PAR LE SO2, LE NOx ET LES POUSSIERES - Google Patents

PROCEDE ET APPAREIL D'EPURATION DES GAZ D'ECHAPPEMENT CONTAMINES PAR LE SO2, LE NOx ET LES POUSSIERES Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992008541A1
WO1992008541A1 PCT/NO1991/000139 NO9100139W WO9208541A1 WO 1992008541 A1 WO1992008541 A1 WO 1992008541A1 NO 9100139 W NO9100139 W NO 9100139W WO 9208541 A1 WO9208541 A1 WO 9208541A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
scrubber
sea water
gas
exhaust gas
partly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1991/000139
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erik Tollefsen
Original Assignee
A/S Miljøutvikling
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by A/S Miljøutvikling filed Critical A/S Miljøutvikling
Publication of WO1992008541A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992008541A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for purifying gase contaminated by sulphur dioxide, nitrous oxides, soot particles and equivalent, particularly t purifying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine in marine engines.
  • DE Patent no. 2.555.220 describes a method for absorbing nitrous gases by means of powdered lime and hydrogen peroxide, in which the powdered lime and the peroxide being sprayed into the gas in a downstream direction. Then, the gas is filtrated for removing the powder containing absorbed impurities.
  • DE printed publication no. 2.331.156B2 describes a method for dry purification of sulphur dioxide, based upon a powdered reagent.
  • the reagent e.g. powdered lime
  • the exhaust gas is supplied to the exhaust gas in a downstream direction, in which the exhaust previously have been supplied with steam in order to achieve enhanced bonding.
  • the gas/lime mixture is filtrated in a dry filter. This process is essentially different from the present invention.
  • DE Patent no. 2.607.587 describes a process, in which hydrogen peroxide (or other peroxides) is supplied in two steps to the exhaust in a downstream direction, whereupon the exhaust gas is directed in to a demister. From the demister, the reagent is withdrawn and either removed from the process or recycled to the gas supply pipe. Then, the gas is guided from the demister to a scrubber, carrying out a final washing using the abovementioned reagents (hydrogen peroxide etc.).
  • This system is substantially different from the present invention, both with respect to construction and chemistry.
  • the object of the present invention is providing a process for removing impurities from exhaust gases, particularly exhaust gases from marine engines, in which the impurities substantially comprising nitrous oxides and sulphur dioxide, with a minimum use of problematic chemicals/reagents .
  • the invention is expressed in the characterizing part of claim 1 and 4. Further features appears from the independent claims 2-3 and 5-7.
  • the main principle for the present invention is that the exhaust initially is purified with respect to sulphur dioxide in a first scrubber (the SO 2 scrubber), in which the absorbent preferably comprising water only.
  • the gaseous sulphur dioxide is dissolved and partly dissociated in the sea water.
  • the partly purified exhaust is then brought to a second scrubber (the NO x scrubber), in which the gas is washed counter-currently with recycled sea water from the SO 2 scrubber, the sea water intermixed with ammonia or urea.
  • ammonia itself or ammonia from urea, results in the formation of ammonium salts, so that the content of nitrous gases in the exhaust gas being considerably reduced. Then, the absorbent leaves the second scrubber and drips/flows down into the first scrubber.
  • FIG. 1 a simple process flow sheet is illustrated, in which 1 designates the internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust gas from this engine is brought through a heat exchanger, alternatively together with exhaust from auxiliary engine from pipe 11, in which the exhaust being heat exchanged with fresh air, preferably down to a temperature less than 120 °C.
  • the cooled exhaust is brought through the pipe 18, to which seawater is being sprayed through e.g. nozzles in order to disperse the sea water in the gas phase.
  • the exhaust, containing small dispersed sea water droplets is transported into the SO 2 scrubber 3 through a diffuser 7.
  • the purpose of the diffuser is to spread the gas, for example through a sieve tray, before dispersing the gas in the liquid phase 19 in the SO 2 scrubber 3.
  • Sulphur dioxide is, because of its high water solubility, dissolved and partly dissociated, so that the sulphur dioxide content in the exhaust gas bubbling up to the liquid surface in the SO 2 scrubber 3, being considerably reduced.
  • the liquid level in the SO 2 scrubber 3 can be controlled as desired by means of an overflow pipe 8, which is vertically adjustable. By adjusting the elevation of the overflow pipe 8, the temperature in the bulk phase 19 and in the exhaust is adjusted accordingly, since the liquid being withdrawn through this pipe having a higher temperature than the rest of the liquid phase.
  • the sea water containing sulfuric acid/sulphurous acid may be drained directly into the sea, if the circumstances allow such draining.
  • an equivalent amount of lime may be supplied to the SO 2 scrubber 3, in order to cause precipitation of muddy potassium sulphate.
  • This mud is withdrawn in suitable amounts to a mud container 13, whereupon the mud, when desired, is pumped out of the container 13 by means of a pump 14, either to the sea or to another suitable recipient.
  • the exhaust gas now being primarily free from sulphur dioxide, and having a temperature less than 60°C, leaves the SO 2 scrubber 3 through the top of said scrubber and in to the lower part of the NO x scrubber 4.
  • the NO x scrubber 4 is partly packed with a material allowing intimate contact between gas and liquid flowing counter-currently.
  • the packing comprise porous spheres of expanded clay such as "Leca" .
  • the washing medium is brought into the vessel 4 at the top of said vessel, and is dispersed into small droplets by means of nozzles 20 or similarly. Before the seawater enters the nozzles 20, an aqueous solution of urea or ammonia is added.
  • the degree of purification for this process With respect to the degree of purification for this process, the reduction of nitrous gases is ca. 70% and sulphur dioxide is ca. 99%, and the degree of purification with respect to particles and dust is greater than 99%.
  • Table 1 a typical example of purification efficiency in exhaust gas from a diesel engine, utilizing the process according to the present invention.
  • purification efficiency in percent for diesel and so-called marine fuel including consumption of ammonia/urea is illustrated. As appears from Table 2, the consumption of ammonia/urea is substantially higher for marine fuel than for diesel, because of the relatively high content of sulphur in marine fuel (2.5%) compared with diesel (0.7%).
  • the apparatus according to the present invention is operated in a corrosive environment, and accordingly, the choice of construction materials are critical for both the viability of the plant and the operating regularity.
  • all parts contacting the exhaust or the absorbent should preferably be constructed of plastics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et appareil d'épuration des gaz contaminés par le SO2 et le NOx, notamment les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion (1) à bord d'un véhicule marin. Les gaz d'échappement se refroidissent dans un échangeur thermique (2) puis, après avoir introduit par pulvérisation dans le flux gazeux des fines gouttelettes d'eau de mer, on fait passer lesdits gaz dans une première tour de lavage (3) en partie remplie d'eau de mer, dans laquelle ils sortent sous la surface de l'eau de mer, ce qui entraîne une absorption de SO2 dans la phase liquide (19). Ensuite, les gaz d'échappement partiellement épurés quittent la tour de lavage de SO2 (3) par l'intermédiaire de sa partie supérieure et pénètrent dans une seconde tour de lavage (4) en partie garnie d'un matériau (17) apte à créer un contact intime entre les gaz et un liquide en écoulement dans le sens contraire. Les gaz traversant ledit matériau (17) entrent en contact avec un courant descendant d'eau de mer absorbante provenant de la première tour de lavage (3) et à laquelle on a ajouté de l'urée ou de l'ammoniac, ce qui entraîne une absorption de NOx. Ensuite l'eau de mer retourne à la première tour de lavage (3) et un ventilateur (6) expulse les gaz épurés de la seconde tour de lavage (4) vers l'air ambiant. L'eau de mer contaminée excédentaire est retirée de la première tour de lavage (3) par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau de trop-plein (8) et déchargée à l'extérieur.
PCT/NO1991/000139 1990-11-12 1991-11-12 PROCEDE ET APPAREIL D'EPURATION DES GAZ D'ECHAPPEMENT CONTAMINES PAR LE SO2, LE NOx ET LES POUSSIERES WO1992008541A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO904892 1990-11-12
NO90904892A NO904892L (no) 1990-11-12 1990-11-12 Apparat og framgangsmaate for rensing av eksos med hensyn til so2, nox og stoev.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992008541A1 true WO1992008541A1 (fr) 1992-05-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1991/000139 WO1992008541A1 (fr) 1990-11-12 1991-11-12 PROCEDE ET APPAREIL D'EPURATION DES GAZ D'ECHAPPEMENT CONTAMINES PAR LE SO2, LE NOx ET LES POUSSIERES

Country Status (2)

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NO (1) NO904892L (fr)
WO (1) WO1992008541A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003084809A1 (fr) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-16 Worldwide Ecological Shipping & Transport - West Systeme de propulsion naval alimente par un combustible derive de dechets et procede pour ce systeme
DE102005010378A1 (de) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-14 Rehm Anlagenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Prozessgases einer Reflow-Lötanlage
WO2009149602A1 (fr) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Peng Sigan Dispositif et procédé de lavage pour gaz de combustion d’échappement marin
WO2013004144A1 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Peng Sigan Procédé et appareil utilisés pour la purification de gaz d'échappement de moteur à combustion interne
CN103403312A (zh) * 2011-02-23 2013-11-20 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 用于处理船舶中的废气的洗涤器系统以及在船舶的洗涤器系统中处理废气的方法
US8765089B2 (en) 2006-04-11 2014-07-01 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Process and apparatus for reducing nitrogen oxides and halogenated organic compounds in incineration plants
WO2015180831A1 (fr) * 2014-05-27 2015-12-03 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement et procédé de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement
CN105536486A (zh) * 2016-01-08 2016-05-04 张拿慧 船舶尾气脱硝工艺及系统、脱硫脱硝一体化工艺及系统
US9387438B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2016-07-12 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Modular system for reduction of sulphur oxides in exhaust
US9416711B1 (en) 2015-02-26 2016-08-16 Peter Lee Randall Exhaust energy recovery and pollution control system for marine vessel
US9757686B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2017-09-12 Sigan Peng Ship flue gas scrubbing apparatus and method
WO2019006069A2 (fr) 2017-06-29 2019-01-03 Robert Richardson Processus et procédés de traitement d'eau de ballast et d'échappement marin
US11242785B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2022-02-08 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Process to capture SOx onboard vehicles and ships

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE441150B (sv) * 1978-12-04 1985-09-16 Walther & Cie Ag Forfarande for att ur avgaser fran forbrenningsanleggningar samtidigt avlegsna kveveoxider och svaveloxider under tillsats av ammoniak
EP0214084A1 (fr) * 1985-08-14 1987-03-11 Donald Dipl.-Ing. Herbst Dispositif de lavage de gaz chargés d'impuretés
EP0277246A1 (fr) * 1986-07-31 1988-08-10 Chiyoda Chemical Engineering & Construction Company Limited Procede et appareil pour la purification de gaz de hauts fourneaux par voie humide
EP0295908A2 (fr) * 1987-06-17 1988-12-21 Bechtel Group Incorporated Désulfurisation de gaz fumé
US4908194A (en) * 1988-03-29 1990-03-13 Natec Mines Ltd. Method for baghouse brown plume pollution control

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE441150B (sv) * 1978-12-04 1985-09-16 Walther & Cie Ag Forfarande for att ur avgaser fran forbrenningsanleggningar samtidigt avlegsna kveveoxider och svaveloxider under tillsats av ammoniak
EP0214084A1 (fr) * 1985-08-14 1987-03-11 Donald Dipl.-Ing. Herbst Dispositif de lavage de gaz chargés d'impuretés
EP0277246A1 (fr) * 1986-07-31 1988-08-10 Chiyoda Chemical Engineering & Construction Company Limited Procede et appareil pour la purification de gaz de hauts fourneaux par voie humide
EP0295908A2 (fr) * 1987-06-17 1988-12-21 Bechtel Group Incorporated Désulfurisation de gaz fumé
US4908194A (en) * 1988-03-29 1990-03-13 Natec Mines Ltd. Method for baghouse brown plume pollution control

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003084809A1 (fr) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-16 Worldwide Ecological Shipping & Transport - West Systeme de propulsion naval alimente par un combustible derive de dechets et procede pour ce systeme
DE102005010378A1 (de) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-14 Rehm Anlagenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Prozessgases einer Reflow-Lötanlage
US8518157B2 (en) * 2005-03-07 2013-08-27 Rehm Thermal Systems Gmbh Device and method for purifying a process gas in a reflow soldering system
DE102005010378B4 (de) * 2005-03-07 2017-02-16 Rehm Thermal Systems Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Prozessgases einer Reflow-Lötanlage
US8765089B2 (en) 2006-04-11 2014-07-01 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Process and apparatus for reducing nitrogen oxides and halogenated organic compounds in incineration plants
WO2009149602A1 (fr) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Peng Sigan Dispositif et procédé de lavage pour gaz de combustion d’échappement marin
US9757686B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2017-09-12 Sigan Peng Ship flue gas scrubbing apparatus and method
US8500893B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2013-08-06 Sigan Peng Ship flue gas scrubbing equipment and method
CN103403312A (zh) * 2011-02-23 2013-11-20 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 用于处理船舶中的废气的洗涤器系统以及在船舶的洗涤器系统中处理废气的方法
US9095812B2 (en) 2011-02-23 2015-08-04 Wärtsilä Finland Oy Scrubber system for treating exhaust gas in a marine vessel and method of treating exhaust gas in scrubber system of a marine vessel
WO2013004144A1 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Peng Sigan Procédé et appareil utilisés pour la purification de gaz d'échappement de moteur à combustion interne
US9387438B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2016-07-12 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Modular system for reduction of sulphur oxides in exhaust
WO2015180831A1 (fr) * 2014-05-27 2015-12-03 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement et procédé de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement
US10221740B2 (en) 2014-05-27 2019-03-05 Man Energy Solutions Se Exhaust gas post treatment system and method for exhaust gas post-treatment
US9416711B1 (en) 2015-02-26 2016-08-16 Peter Lee Randall Exhaust energy recovery and pollution control system for marine vessel
CN105536486A (zh) * 2016-01-08 2016-05-04 张拿慧 船舶尾气脱硝工艺及系统、脱硫脱硝一体化工艺及系统
CN105536486B (zh) * 2016-01-08 2019-06-11 张拿慧 船舶尾气脱硝工艺及系统、脱硫脱硝一体化工艺及系统
WO2019006069A2 (fr) 2017-06-29 2019-01-03 Robert Richardson Processus et procédés de traitement d'eau de ballast et d'échappement marin
WO2019006069A3 (fr) * 2017-06-29 2019-03-21 Robert Richardson Processus et procédés de traitement d'eau de ballast et d'échappement marin
US11242785B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2022-02-08 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Process to capture SOx onboard vehicles and ships

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO904892D0 (no) 1990-11-12
NO904892L (no) 1992-05-13

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