WO1992004164A1 - Dispositif servant a couper une matiere - Google Patents

Dispositif servant a couper une matiere Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992004164A1
WO1992004164A1 PCT/SE1991/000597 SE9100597W WO9204164A1 WO 1992004164 A1 WO1992004164 A1 WO 1992004164A1 SE 9100597 W SE9100597 W SE 9100597W WO 9204164 A1 WO9204164 A1 WO 9204164A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
electrode
resistance
cutting part
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1991/000597
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Larsson
Bengt-Göran Bengtsson
Original Assignee
Sparx Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sparx Ab filed Critical Sparx Ab
Priority to DE69115281T priority Critical patent/DE69115281D1/de
Priority to JP3515041A priority patent/JPH06505923A/ja
Priority to EP91916182A priority patent/EP0548161B1/fr
Publication of WO1992004164A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992004164A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/06—Severing by using heat
    • B26F3/08—Severing by using heat with heated members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/3806—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D2007/2678—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member for cutting pens mounting in a cutting plotter

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a device which by means of a heat generating means, glow pen, electrode, heating pin or the like, is able to cut in organic materials, such as organic tissues and thermoplastic disc or web formed sections, preferably plastics with cell structure and that said means /plastic section are movable relatively each other.
  • organic materials such as organic tissues and thermoplastic disc or web formed sections, preferably plastics with cell structure and that said means /plastic section are movable relatively each other.
  • a so called hot wire saw When cutting signs, letters etc. in cellular plastics type "frigolit" is usually used a so called hot wire saw.
  • This consists of a resistance wire, which is clamped between the shanks of a bow. The bow shall keep the wire streched enough.
  • the both ends of the wire are connected to an elec ⁇ tric current source. Because of the resistance of the wire, this is heated. By adjusting the current, a temperature is set which is above the melting point of the cellular plas ⁇ tics. By guiding the plastic disc against the hot wire various figures may be cut out.
  • the object of the invention is to provide the market with an "easy to move" glow pen with possibility to use very thin cutting electrodes ( down to some tenths of a millimeter), and depending on which patterns and forms are going to be cut out and the resolution, the cutting velocity and the heat generation hve to be adapted to each other, e.g. a straight line which is cut at a high velocity demands a higher temperature in order to get the material to melt faster, and a curve which requires more careful cutting, has to be cut slower and demands less heat.
  • a straight line which is cut at a high velocity demands a higher temperature in order to get the material to melt faster, and a curve which requires more careful cutting, has to be cut slower and demands less heat.
  • the heat has to be controlled rapidly and effectively and requires that the temperature of the cutting electrode can be controlled in relation to the cutting velocity.
  • the invention is based on the external pin being mainly directly heated and that the electrode is either contact free or single ended connected. This implies that the in- vention can be used e.g. in surgery, as an easily movable pen, which serves as a "scalpel handle".
  • Fig. 1 shows a device in perspective view with the glow pen in elevated position.
  • Fig. 2 shows a device in section with tube electrode.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section of the tube electrode according to Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows a device with a cable strain- relief and coo ⁇ ling means.
  • Fig. 5 shows a device in section with U- electrode.
  • Fig. 6 shows a section of a U-electrode according to Fig. 5, with an isolating surface layer.
  • Fig. 7 shows a section of a U-electrode according to Fig. 5 with an isolating layer in between.
  • Fig. 8 shows a device in section with an integrated tempera ⁇ ture sensor.
  • Fig. 9 shows a device where the cutting electrode is heated contact free by way of an underlying field of force.
  • Fig. 10 shows a device where the cutting electrode is heated contact free by way of a overlying field of force.
  • Fig. 11 shows a device with a cutting electrode in section, with a plated surface layer and.cable connections.
  • Fig. 12 shows a device with a cutting electrode in section, with tubular design and cable connections.
  • Fig. 13 shows a device with exchangeable cable and a plotter pen holder.
  • Fig. 14 shows an electric wiring diagram for maintaining constant temperature.
  • Fig. 15 shows a diagram over the supply current and power of the cutting electrode as a function of the cutting velocity.
  • Fig. 16 shows a diagram of the resistance of the cutting electrode as a function of the supply current.
  • a cutting of figures can be carried out according to given computer instructions in a suitable web material.
  • the function pen down/up may control start and stop of the cutting cycle.
  • a general view without plotter table is shown in Fig. 1, where the cutting electrode 2 is brought to a temperature which lies above the melting point of the web material, by means of a current being applied on the terminal 3.
  • the cutting electrode 2 cuts a sectior in the web material 5. Since only the external part c the electrode is going to be heated, this is designed with a smaller cross section or in a material having a higher resistivity than the connecting part. Within the scope of the invention this can be designed in various ways which is shown in the figures: 2,3,5,6,7, 8,11, and 12.
  • a thin cutting electrode is obtained with possi- bility of single ended connection 12 of the cable 10 by way of the cables 11.
  • an insulating layer is applied between these e.g. by oxidation of the surface of the internal electrode.
  • the electric circuit is closed by joining the external 6 and the internal 7 electrodes, e.g. by TIG-welding.
  • the electrodes 6 and 7 can be connected 12 to the conductors 11 either by direct joining e.g. spotwelding or by providing the electrodes with a cable connecting device e. g. a contact shrinking sleeve as in Fig. 11 and 12.
  • a cable connecting device e. g. a contact shrinking sleeve as in Fig. 11 and 12.
  • the plotter pen holder can be made completely in metal to obtain cooling, but a heat proof/insulating material also would work, such as e.g. a ceramic. Since the elctrode the elec- trode is moving very much over the cutting surface the device according to the invention can be provided with a cable strain - relief 15 to increase the length of life of the cable 10.
  • a U-electrode is used, where the external cutting electrode 7a is delimited to the cooler connection wire 7b by a difference in the electrical resistance. This can be achieved by the wire 7a being of smaller cross sectional area. If a round wire is used to bend a U-electrode, its cross section will not be circular. Thus two different widths could be obtained of the groove 4 cut out, depending on the cutting direction. This can be compensated by conti- nously controlling the position of the electrode and turn it in the cutting direction. Another way is to form the U- electrode 7a with halfed cross sectional area (section B-B).
  • an isolating layer can be provided on the surface of the resistance wire as in Fig. 6 before the bending, e.g. by oxidation.
  • Fig. 7 the insulation problem has beeen solved by inserting/applying a foil or a layer between both shanks.
  • the cutting electrodes are formed as a substantially cylin ⁇ drical pin, that is the said electrodes 2 have the same cross sectional area in the longitudinal direction, but this cross sectional area may vary at the point where the elec ⁇ trodes 2 are connected to each other.
  • the cutting electrode has a certain power (watts) at a given supply voltage (volts). This results in a temperature which depends on the external cooling, e.g. at different cutting speeds. Since the electric resistance is changed at diffe- rent temperatures, within the scope of the invention we may obtain a constant cutter electrode temperature independently of external cooling.
  • a control circuit is shown for maintaining the cutter electrode temperature constant in a glow pin according to the present invention.
  • control circuit The function of the control circuit is the following:
  • the basic principle is that the temperature dependence of the resistance of the cutting electrode is used, which in the present case is increased resistance at elevated tempe ⁇ rature.
  • a resistance R x with a known (low) value is connected in series with the cutting electrode R 2 .
  • An operational amplifi ⁇ er Opl is coupled as a differential amplifier with the series resistance R ⁇ and the cutting electrode R 2 on the noninverting input of Opl and a potentiometer PI with the resistance R 3 and a resistance on the inverting input of said amplifier.
  • the potentiometer PI is set for desired cutting electrode resistance.
  • Op2 will increase the value of its output voltage.
  • the output of Op2 controls the current I to the cutting elec- trode via the transistor Trl. The current to the cuting electrode and thereby the power will increase until the resistance R 2 has taken the correct value.
  • the resistance R 6 in parallel with the transistor Trl feeds a sufficient current I in order to make Opl able to sense if the cutting electrode is intact or not.
  • the output of Opl takes the supply voltage + U which leads to a rapidly falling voltage on the output of 0p2 and thereby brake through of the zener diode ZD.
  • the transistor Tr2 will be conducting and the alarm relay Re will be activated.
  • the power supplied has to be increased proportionally to the speed. In order to be able to melt more plastic per time unit it is required that the temperature of the cutting electrode is increased with the speed.
  • a positive current feedback 25 in the control circuit via a non linear element (R7, Dl) a control with a transition from curve 2 to curve 3, fig. 16 can be achieved.
  • the graph 1 illustrated in Fig. 16 shows the resistance of the cutting electrode as a function of the supply current at still air.
  • the graph 2 in the same figure shows the resis ⁇ tance of the cutting electrode as a function of the supply current at controlled to constant resistans depending on the cutting speed
  • the graph 3 in the same figure shows optimal resistance depending on varied.cutting velocity.
  • the figur shows graph 4 which shows the change of the set value for the cutting electrode resistance as function of the current.
  • D 1 and R 7 the current feedback, whereby a low pass filtering (C, R 9 ) results in a more stable con ⁇ trol.
  • Op3 measures the current I and adds an offset.
  • 0p4 removes all negative voltages from the output of Op3.
  • D x and R 7 change the gain in 0p4 over a current I 2 and D 2 and D 3 remove all positive voltages from the output of 0p4.
  • Fig. 15 shows a graph where the supply current I and the power P of the cutting electrode are shown as a function of the cutting speed v .
  • Another way to measure the temperature can be accomplished by inserting an external temperature sensor 16 beteween the shanks of the U, as in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 9 and 10 the cutting electrode is heated by means of an external field of force 19 ( so called "Foucault cur ⁇ rents").
  • the induction coil 18 placed under the plotter table 20 and in Fig. 10 it is placed above, in connection to the cutting electrode 2.
  • an alternating magnetic field 19 is created which induces a current contact free in the cutting electrode 2.
  • the resistance of the pin metal causes heating of the same.
  • FIG. 11 An alternative nethod to manufacture a tube electrode compa ⁇ red to that in Fig. 2, is shown in Fig. 11.
  • the inter ⁇ nal electrode 7 first oxidized with an insulating layer on all surfaces except for the ends, thereafter a metallic layer has been gal anically plated, vaporized or sprayed thereon. This layer then constitutes the external electrode with a predetermined electric resistance.
  • the current passes through the external and the internal electrode via the galvanic connec- tion point 21. Since the internal electrode core 7 is formed with different diameters automatically a larger conduction area is obtained on the thicker part, which results in that only the thinner part will be heated.
  • fig. 12 has been shown that the same function can be obtained by using a resistance wire 7, with even cross sectional area, and to provide it with an exteral tube.
  • a variant also is shown of a cable con ⁇ nection 12, in which the electric conductors 11 can be connected by a shrink sleeve.
  • a so called flat pin connector can be used.

Abstract

Dispositif servant à couper des matières à l'aide d'au moins un mécanisme tranchant, conçu en partie pour être commandé de préférence par un traceur ou similaire, en partie pour être porté à une température supérieure à la température de fusion de la matière à trancher par induction électrique et/ou par chauffage ohmique; lledit mécanisme comporte en outre une partie tranchante (30) et une partie porte-outil (31). La partie tranchante (30) est constituée par une électrode tranchante ayant la configuration d'une aiguille pratiquement cylindrique qui possède une superficie de section sensiblement plus petite que la partie porte-outil (31) de sorte que la partie tranchante émet virtuellement toute la chaleur générée par le courant d'alimentation; l'électrode (30) est connectée au circuit de commande pour réguler la température de l'électrode en fonction de sa vitesse de coupe.
PCT/SE1991/000597 1990-09-10 1991-09-10 Dispositif servant a couper une matiere WO1992004164A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69115281T DE69115281D1 (de) 1990-09-10 1991-09-10 Vorrichtung zum schneiden von material.
JP3515041A JPH06505923A (ja) 1990-09-10 1991-09-10 素材の切断装置
EP91916182A EP0548161B1 (fr) 1990-09-10 1991-09-10 Dispositif servant a couper une matiere

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9002870-5 1990-09-10
SE9002870A SE9002870D0 (sv) 1990-09-10 1990-09-10 Anordning foer skaerning av material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992004164A1 true WO1992004164A1 (fr) 1992-03-19

Family

ID=20380312

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1991/000597 WO1992004164A1 (fr) 1990-09-10 1991-09-10 Dispositif servant a couper une matiere

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0548161B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06505923A (fr)
AT (1) ATE131101T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69115281D1 (fr)
SE (1) SE9002870D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992004164A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993019906A1 (fr) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-14 Hennig Hans Juergen Dispositif a sectionner et/ou a decouper
US5514232A (en) * 1993-11-24 1996-05-07 Burns; Marshall Method and apparatus for automatic fabrication of three-dimensional objects
DE29904994U1 (de) * 1999-03-18 2000-07-27 Scaritec Ag Muenchwilen Vorrichtung zum Schneiden von Hartschaum
WO2007098839A1 (fr) * 2006-02-24 2007-09-07 Rehau Ag + Co Dispositif de sectionnement pour la coupe à longueur de profilés en matière plastique
CN104960037A (zh) * 2015-07-08 2015-10-07 东莞市拓荒牛自动化设备有限公司 一种可用于电加热的切割刀头

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2425922A1 (fr) * 1978-05-19 1979-12-14 Lair Jacques Perfectionnements apportes a un dispositif de coupe
EP0116415A2 (fr) * 1983-01-21 1984-08-22 Protocol Engineering Limited Production des lignes de séparation dans des feuilles ou d'autres éléments
GB2163092A (en) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-19 British Aerospace Plastics film severing tool assembly

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4924512A (fr) * 1972-06-30 1974-03-05
JPS5953196A (ja) * 1982-09-18 1984-03-27 井上エムテ−ピ−株式会社 成形品の部分的切除方法およびその装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2425922A1 (fr) * 1978-05-19 1979-12-14 Lair Jacques Perfectionnements apportes a un dispositif de coupe
EP0116415A2 (fr) * 1983-01-21 1984-08-22 Protocol Engineering Limited Production des lignes de séparation dans des feuilles ou d'autres éléments
GB2163092A (en) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-19 British Aerospace Plastics film severing tool assembly

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993019906A1 (fr) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-14 Hennig Hans Juergen Dispositif a sectionner et/ou a decouper
US5514232A (en) * 1993-11-24 1996-05-07 Burns; Marshall Method and apparatus for automatic fabrication of three-dimensional objects
DE29904994U1 (de) * 1999-03-18 2000-07-27 Scaritec Ag Muenchwilen Vorrichtung zum Schneiden von Hartschaum
WO2007098839A1 (fr) * 2006-02-24 2007-09-07 Rehau Ag + Co Dispositif de sectionnement pour la coupe à longueur de profilés en matière plastique
CN104960037A (zh) * 2015-07-08 2015-10-07 东莞市拓荒牛自动化设备有限公司 一种可用于电加热的切割刀头

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06505923A (ja) 1994-07-07
SE9002870D0 (sv) 1990-09-10
EP0548161A1 (fr) 1993-06-30
DE69115281D1 (de) 1996-01-18
ATE131101T1 (de) 1995-12-15
EP0548161B1 (fr) 1995-12-06

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