WO1991017690A1 - Dechiqueteuse pour pneus de vehicules et autres objets - Google Patents

Dechiqueteuse pour pneus de vehicules et autres objets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991017690A1
WO1991017690A1 PCT/US1991/003451 US9103451W WO9117690A1 WO 1991017690 A1 WO1991017690 A1 WO 1991017690A1 US 9103451 W US9103451 W US 9103451W WO 9117690 A1 WO9117690 A1 WO 9117690A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
shaft
shredding machine
teeth
cutting block
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/003451
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Janos J. Szombathy
Original Assignee
Szombathy Janos J
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Szombathy Janos J filed Critical Szombathy Janos J
Priority to AU80880/91A priority Critical patent/AU8088091A/en
Publication of WO1991017690A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991017690A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/04—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for used tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to machines for shredding or cutting vehicle tires and various other types of materials. Such shredding machines have been utilized in shredding waste materials which are to be disposed.
  • Waste disposal sites throughout the United States are quickly becoming filled to capacity, and the lack of adequate waste disposal capacity is reaching crisis proportions. Many states must ship their waste materials to other states for disposal and some states have banned certain materials from being dumped in their remaining landfill sites. As the remaining capacity of waste disposal sites decreases, the cost of disposing of waste materials will continue to become more expensive. The cost of shipping waste materials is also expensive and increases the total cost of waste disposal.
  • a shredding machine for shredding or comminuting vehicle tires and various other materials into uniformly sized small pellets.
  • the shredding machine includes a cutting block and two rotating shafts mounted within a frame.
  • the cutting block includes a top surface and a plurality of slots which extend downwardly from the top surface on each side of the cutting block.
  • the top surface and each of the slots define a respective U-shaped cutting edge.
  • the shafts are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the cutting block.
  • Each shaft includes a plurality of cutting teeth which are arranged in a spiral configuration along the length of each shaft.
  • Each shaft may include one or more spirals of cutting teeth.
  • Each cutting tooth includes a tooth face which is angled inwardly from a radius of the shaft.
  • each cutting face defines a second U-shaped cutting edge on each tooth.
  • Each slot includes a downwardly and outwardly extending backwall which forms a relief with the slot's corresponding cutting teeth.
  • the cutting block may also include concave surfaces located between adjacent slots which form reliefs with the cutting shafts.
  • Each shaft is rotated within the frame in opposite directions relative to one another.
  • One or more cutting teeth are rotated through each respective slot in the cutting block with the U-shaped cutting edge on each cutting tooth being in cutting engagement with the U- shaped cutting edge of a slot.
  • a cleaning bar is provided adjacent each shaft for removing any shredded material which may continue to cling to a cutting tooth.
  • Each shaft and its respective cutting teeth, and the cutting block are respectively machined from a single solid piece of metal to provide strength and a long lasting precision fit between the shafts and their cutting teeth and the cutting block.
  • Each of the cutting teeth may be resharpened without disassembling the shredding machine.
  • the cutting edges in each of the slots in the cutting block may also be resharpened.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the shredding machine shown in connection with a vehicle tire.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the first shaft having two sets of spirally arranged cutting teeth.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the second shaft having two sets of spirally arranged cutting teeth.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the cutting block.
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the shredding machine with the front panel removed.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of the shredding machine.
  • Figure 7 is a partial cross sectional view of the first shaft and of the cutting block.
  • Figure 8 is a partial cross sectional view of the second shaft and of the cutting block.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the shredding machine.
  • Figure 10 is a side elevational view of a portion of the cutting block and the first shaft.
  • Figure 11 is a partial cross sectional view of the second shaft and the cutting block of a second and preferred embodiment of the shredding machine.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the cutting block of the second embodiment of the shredding machine.
  • the shredding machine 10 includes a frame 14 supported by legs 16.
  • the frame 14 includes a side panel 18 and a side panel 20 which extend parallel and are spaced apart from one another.
  • Each side panel 18 and 20 includes apertures 22, 24 and 26.
  • a front panel 28 having threaded apertures 30 in each end is removably located between respective ends of the side panels 18 and 20.
  • the front panel 28 is secured in place with fasteners 32 which extend through the apertures 22 and engage the threaded apertures 30 of the front panel 28.
  • a center panel 34 extends between the side panel 18 and 20 and is fastened in position with fasteners 32 which extend through apertures 24.
  • a rear panel 36 is removably fastened to the remaining ends of the side panels 18 and 20 by fasteners 32 which extend through apertures 26.
  • a shredder box 38 is formed by the side panels 18 and 20, the front panel 28 and the center panel 34.
  • the shredder box 38 is open above and below.
  • a gear box 40 is formed by the side panels 18 and 20, the center panel 34 and the rear panel 36.
  • a cover plate 42 and a bottom plate (not shown) enclose the gear box 40.
  • the front panel 28 includes a first aperture 44, a second aperture 46 and a third aperture 48.
  • the front panel 28 also includes a rotational bearing 50 and a rotational bearing 52.
  • the center panel 34 also includes apertures 44, 46, and 48 and bearings 50 and 52.
  • the cutting block 54 has end walls 56 and includes a top surface 58 which is composed of a series of rectangular plateaus 60 which are arranged in a checkerboard pattern along center line 62.
  • the cutting block 54 also includes vertical walls 57 which extend along each side of the cutting block 54 between the end walls 56.
  • Each plateau 60 is bound by four edges 64A-D.
  • Edge 64 A is located along the center line 62 and each edge 64D is located opposite an edge 64A.
  • Edges 64B and 64C respectively extend between the ends of edges 64 A and D.
  • a concave surface 66 extends between edge 64D of each plateau 60 and one of the vertical walls 57.
  • Slots 68 extend from the top surface 58 to the vertical walls 57 between adjacent concave surfaces 66.
  • Each slot 68 includes a back wall 70 which extends downwardly and outwardly from an edge 64A to a vertical wall 57.
  • the back wall 70 includes an upper curved surface 72 and a lower curved surface 74 as best shown in Figure 10.
  • Each slot 68 also includes a side wall 76 which extends downwardly from an edge 64B and which extends between the back wall 70 and a concave surface 66.
  • Each slot 68 also includes a side wall 78 which extends downwardly from an edge 64C and which extends between the back wall 70 and a concave surface 66.
  • Each set of edges 64A-C which are formed between the top surface 58 and the slots 68 comprise a generally U-shaped cutting edge 80.
  • a mounting hub 82 extends from each end wall 56 of the cutting block 54.
  • the mounting hub 82 is formed to fit within the aperture 48 of the front panel 28 and of the center panel 34 and to precisely hold the cutting block 54 in a stationary position.
  • the cutting block 54 is machined from one piece of solid steel, preferably 8620 alloy steel.
  • the cutting block 54 is then heat treated to a hardness of 55 to 58 Rockwell C.
  • Figure 2 shows a first shaft 84 having a cylindrical surface 86 extending between a first end 88 and a second end 90.
  • the first shaft 84 rotates about its longitudinal axis 92 in the direction of the arrow X, which, is clockwise as shown in Figure 2.
  • a plurality of cutting teeth 94 extend from the cylindrical surface 86 of the shaft 84.
  • a first set of cutting teeth 94A-J are spaced from one another along the longitudinal axis 92 of the shaft 84 and are spirally staggered to form a first spiral 85 around the cylindrical surface 86 of the shaft 84.
  • Figure 2 also shows a second spiral 87 of teeth 94 A '-J'.
  • tooth 94A is aligned with tooth 94 A* but located 1.80° apart. The same relationship exists between corresponding teeth of each spiral. While two spirals of teeth 85 and 87 are shown in Figure 2, only one spiral of teeth may be used, or additional spirals of teeth may be used as desired.
  • Figure 2 shows each spiral 85 and 87 completing one revolution around the cylindrical surface 86.
  • each spiral of teeth 85 and 87 may make less than, or more than, a complete revolution around the shaft 84 as desired. It is preferred that each tooth 94 within each spiral 85 and 87 be staggered from its adjacent tooth an equal amount throughout each spiral 85 and 87.
  • the longitudinal spacing between adjacent teeth 94 in each spiral 85 and 87 conforms to the spacing of the slots 68 in the cutting block 54.
  • the first shaft 84 also includes a pair of hubs 96 which respectively extend from the first end 88 and the second end 90.
  • the hubs 96 of the first shaft 84 are respectively mounted in the bearings 50 in the front panel 28 and the center panel 34, allowing the shaft 84 to precisely rotate about its longitudinal axis 92.
  • the shaft 84 also includes a drive shaft 98 which extends into the gear box 40. The drive shaft 98 is connected to the gearing within the gear box 40.
  • the second shaft 100 includes a cylindrical surface 102 which extends between a first end 104 and a second end 106 of the second shaft 100.
  • the second shaft 100 rotates about its longitudinal axis 108 in the direction of the arrow Y, which is counterclockwise as shown in Figure 3 and which is in the opposite direction relative to the first shaft 84.
  • the second shaft 100 includes a plurality of cutting teeth 110.
  • a first spiral 112 of cutting teeth 110A-J extends between the first end 104 and the second end 106 of the shaft 100.
  • a second spiral 114 including cutting teeth 1 lOA'-J 1 also extends between the first end 104 and the second end 106 of the shaft 100.
  • Each tooth IIOA'-J' is aligned with a respective tooth 110A-J about the circumference of the cylindrical surface 102.
  • the number of spirals of teeth 110 and the arrangement of those spirals and their teeth may be varied as with the first shaft 84.
  • the second shaft 100 also includes a pair of hubs 116 at each respective end 104 and 106. Each hub 116 is respectively mounted in a bearing 52 within the front panel 28 and the center panel 34, allowing the second shaft 100 to precisely rotate about its longitudinal axis 108.
  • a drive shaft 118 extends from the second end 106 into the gear box 40 and is attached to the gearing within the gear box 40.
  • each tooth 94 and 110 includes a planar tooth face 120 which extends from a line 122 which is formed between the tooth face 120 and the cylindrical surface 86 or 102. It is preferred, as shown in Figure 11, for the tooth face 120 to include a curved fillet 121 which extends between the planar portion of the tooth face 120 and the cylindrical surface 86 or 102.
  • the tooth face 120 is angled at approximately 15° from a line 123 which extends through the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 and the line 122, however, any angle between 0° and 15° may be used.
  • the tooth face 120 is rectangular and preferably has a height which is approximately one and one-half times its width.
  • the tooth face 120 is bound by the line 122, a tooth tip 124 which is opposite the line 122, and edges 126 and 128 which extend between the tooth tip 124 and the line 122 at their respective ends.
  • the tooth tip 124 and the edges 126 and 128 comprise a second U-shaped cutting edge 129.
  • Each tooth 94 and 110 includes a convex surface 130 which extends between the tip 124 and an edge 132.
  • the convex surface 130 is located at a constant radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108.
  • Each convex surface 130 preferably extends approximately one- quarter of the distance around the circumference of shaft 84 or 100.
  • a tooth wall 134 extends from each tooth edge 126 and 128 between the cylindrical surfaces 86 or 102 and the conv x surface 130.
  • the tooth walls 134 are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 92 and 108 of the shafts 84 and 100.
  • Each of the shafts 84 and 100, including their respective teeth 94 and 110, are machined from a single piece of steel.
  • the shafts 84 and 100 and the teeth 94 and 110 are preferably made of 8620 alloy steel which is heat treated to a hardness of 55 to 58 Rockwell C.
  • a cleaning bar 136 is located adjacent each shaft 84 and 100 on the opposite side of the cutting block 54.
  • Each cleaning bar 136 includes a cylindrical surface 138 and a plurality of ribs 140 extending perpendicularly from the cylindrical surface 138.
  • the ribs 140 are spaced apart from one another so that the teeth 94 and 110 may pass between the ribs 140 as the teeth are rotated.
  • each rib 140 includes a horizontal surface 142 and a vertical surface 144.
  • Each cleaning bar 136 also includes a hub 146 at each end of the cleaning bar 136.
  • the hubs 146 are sized to fit precisely within the apertures 44 and 46 of the front panel 28 and the center panel 34.
  • the cleaning bars 136 are also preferably made of 8620 alloy steel, however the cleaning bars 136 are not heat treated.
  • the concave surfaces 66 on each side of the cutting block 54 conform to an arc of a circle having its origin located along longitudinal axis 92 or 108.
  • the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the concave surfaces 66 is approximately 0.001 inches larger than the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the cylindrical surfaces 86 or 102.
  • the upper curved surface 72 of each slot 68 also conforms to an arc of a circle having its origin located along the longitudinal axis 92 or 108.
  • the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the upper curved surface 72 is approximately 0.001 inches larger than the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the convex surfaces 130 and the tips 124 of the cutting teeth 94 and 110.
  • the distance between the longitudinal axis 92 and 108 to the lower curved surface 74 of each slot 68 starts at a distance equal to the radius of the upper curved surface 72 and continually increases as the lower curved surface 74 extends downwardly to a vertical wall 57.
  • the lower curved surface 74 provides a relief which allows a shredded piece of material to fall away from the cutting tooth 94 or 110 as it passes through a slot 68.
  • Each of the tooth walls 134 and their respective cutting edges 126 and 128 are located so as to have approximately 0.001 inches of clearance with the side walls 76 and 78 of the slots 68.
  • the one-piece construction of the shafts 84 and 100 and their respective cutting teeth 94 and 110, and of the cutting block 54, enable the shredding machine 10 to operate with and maintain close tolerances.
  • the one-piece construction also provides additional strength to the shredding machine 10.
  • motor 148 operates to turn a shaft 150 which is connected to the gearing within the gear box 40.
  • the motor 148 may additionally include a gear reducer.
  • the gearing within the gear box 40 is of a conventional and well known type and is used to rotate the shafts 84 and 100 in opposite directions relative to one another at equal rotational speeds.
  • Various types and sizes of motors 148 and gearing may be used as desired depending upon the size of the shredding machine 10 and upon the types of material to be shredded.
  • a control panel 152 may be provided to operate the motor 148 which drives the gearing in the gear box 40 and the shafts 84 and 100 in the shredder box 38.
  • the control panel 152 is used to start and stop the motor 148 and is used to automatically shut off the shredding machine 10 when an overload condition is encountered, such as if a large metal bar should enter the shredding machine 10 which cannot be cut by the teeth 94 or 110.
  • an overload condition is encountered, the control panel 152 will automatically reverse the rotation of the shafts 84 and 100 a short distance to release the material causing the overload, and will then turn off the shredding machine 10.
  • the shredding machine 10 shown and described herein includes ten teeth 94 or 110 in each spiral 85, 87, 112 and 114.
  • the preferred shredding machine 10 will include twenty teeth 94 or 110 in each spiral, with each tooth 94 and 110 being approximately one inch wide and one and one-half inches high.
  • the shafts 84 and 100 will have cylindrical surfaces 86 and 102 which are approximately twelve inches in diameter.
  • the vehicle tires 12 are fed into the shredding machine 10 from above the cutting block 54.
  • the tip 124 of one or more of the cutting teeth 94 and 110 on each shaft 84 and 100 will puncture the surface of the tire 12 at a point above the top surface 58 of the cutting block 54.
  • additional teeth 94 and 110 will puncture the tire 12 due to the spiral arrangement of the teeth 94 and 110.
  • the rotation of the shafts 84 and 100 will pull the tire 12 down to the top surface 58 of the cutting block 54.
  • a tip 124 of a tooth 94 or 110 has not completely penetrated through the tire material when it grips the tire above the cutting block 54, a portion of the tire 12 will then become cut or sheared between the tip 124 of the cutting tooth 94 or 110 and the edge 64A of the slot 68 in the cutting block 54.
  • the shafts 84 and 100 continue to rotate, the side edges 126 and 128 of the cutting teeth 94 and 110 will cut the tire material 12 in cooperation with the edges 64B and 64C of side walls 76 and 78 of the slots 68.
  • Each tooth 94 and 110 will comminute a portion of the tire 12 into a relatively uniformly sized pellet.
  • each shaft 84 and 100 Due to the staggered and spirally arranged tooth pattern on each shaft 84 and 100, the tire 12 is continuously being pulled down to the cutting block 54 by each shaft 84 and 100 for shredding.
  • the cutting, shearing and puncturing action of each tooth 94 and 110 during the shredding process prevents the material from being torn and allows the material to be comminuted into relatively uniformly sized pellets with few large pieces, and also prevents the shredding machine 10 from binding or jamming.
  • a tooth 94 or 110 will have completed the shredding of a pellet from the tire 12 when the tooth edges 126 and 128 have passed below the cutting edge 80 of its respective slot 68. As the tooth face 120 reaches the lower curved surface 74, the shredded pellet will begin to fall away from the tooth 94 or 110 and out the bottom of the shredder box 38. However, should any shredded material cling to a tooth 94 or 110, this material will be cleaned from the tooth 94 or 110 as the tooth passes the horizontal surfaces 142 of the cleaning bars 136.
  • the spirally staggered arrangement of the cutting teeth 94 and 110 on each shaft 84 and 100 also provides the advantage of having a limited number of teeth 94 and 110 performing the same operation at the same time. This reduces the power requirements of the shredding machine 10 as only a few of the teeth 94 and 110 are performing the pulling and cutting operations at any one time.
  • the length of the cutting block 54 and the shafts 84 and 100 may be varied depending on the size of the material to be shredded.
  • the size of the cutting teeth 94 and 110 and their respective slots 68 may also be varied depending on the type of material to be shredded and upon the desired size to which the material is to be reduced. Many materials other than tires, which include metal, wood, plastic or glass may be shredded.
  • the shredding machine 10 can shred tire rims, however, the shredding machine 10 is not intended for the shredding of large metal bars.
  • the shafts 84 and 100, the teeth 94 and 110, and the cutting block 54 are all heat treated to provide a hardened surface which will prevent chipping and scarring of the cutting edges 80 and the teeth 94 and 110 from materials such as steel belted tires 12 which contain steel wires.
  • the teeth 94 or 110 may be sharpened with conventional equipment without removing the shafts 84 or 100 from the frame 14.
  • the length of the convex surface 130 on each tooth 94 and 110 provides sufficient material so that each tooth 94 and 110 may be sharpened many times if desired. Should the cutting edges 80 become chipped or rounded over, the top surface 58 of the cutting block 54 may be ground down to provide a new set of cutting edges 80.
  • the top surface 58 of the cutting block 54 may be ground down to the end of the upper curved surface 72 of the backwall 70.
  • the shredding machine 10 is believed to be capable of shredding over 500,000 tires or similar material with proper maintenance and sharpening before the cutting shafts 84 and 100 will require replacement.
  • Material to be shredded may be loaded into the shredding machine 10 from a chute or hopper (not shown) located above the shredding box 38.
  • a conveyor or a container may be located beneath the shredding box 38 to collect the shredded material.
  • More than one shredding machine 10 may be used in series with other shredding machines 10.
  • a second machine 10 having fewer and smaller teeth 94 and 110 could be located directly below the first machine 10, or could be connected by conveyors or chutes, to provide a second and finer shredding of the material.
  • the shredding machine 10 is of a size and weight enabling it to be loaded and transported by truck to various sites such as tire dumps. This enables material to be shredded on site and allows the material to be shipped in as few loads as possible.
  • a second and preferred embodiment of the shredding machine of the present invention is shown in part in Figures 11 and 12 and is designated with the number 160.
  • the shredding machine 160 includes the same frame 14, shafts 84 and 100 and other elements as does the shredding machine 10, except the shredding machine 160 includes a cutting block 162 which differs from the cutting block 54 used in the shredding machine 10.
  • the cutting block 162 extends between two end walls 163 each of which includes a mounting hub 165 as does the cutting block 54.
  • the cutting block 162 also includes a top surface 164 and vertical walls 166 which extend along the cutting block 162 between the end walls 163.
  • the cutting block 162 also includes a plurality of slots 168 which extend downwardly and outwardly from the top surface 164 to a vertical wall 166.
  • the slots 168 are located in two rows in an alternating checkerboard type pattern along each side of a center line 170.
  • Each slot 168 includes a backwall 172 and a pair of side walls 174.
  • Each backwall 172 forms an edge 176 with the top surface 164 and extends downwardly and outwardly to a vertical wall 164 where the backwall 172 forms an edge 178.
  • the backwall 172 includes a planar wall portion 180 which extends vertically downward from the edge 176 and a curved wall portion 182 which extends from the planar wall portion 180 to the edge 178.
  • the sidewalls 174 are perpendicular to the top surface 164 and form an edge 184 therewith.
  • the edges 184 extend perpendicularly from each end of an edge 176.
  • Each set of edges 176 and 184 which are formed by a respective slot 168 comprise a generally U-shaped cutting edge 186.
  • Each edge 176 is preferably located approximately 0.003 inches from the center line 170.
  • Each edge 184 of a generally U-shaped cutting edge 186 located on one side of the centerline 170 is preferably axially aligned with an edge 184 of a generally U-shaped cutting edge 186 located on the
  • the cutting block 162 also includes a plurality of concave surfaces 188 which are located between the sidewalls 74 of adjacent slots 168.
  • the concave surfaces 188 extend from the top surface 164 to a vertical wall 166.
  • Each concave surface 188 extends from an upper edge 190 at the top surface 164 downwardly and outwardly to a lower edge 192 at the vertical wall 164.
  • Each concave surface 188 includes a planar surface portion 194 which extends vertically downward from the upper edge 190 and a curved surface portion 196 which extends downwardly and outwardly from the planar surface portion 194 to the lower edge 192.
  • Each concave surface 188 and the adjoining sidewalls 174 form a rib 198.
  • the ribs 198 are located in two rows along each side of the centerline 170 in an alternating- checkerboard pattern such that each rib 198 on one side of the centerline 170 is located opposite a slot 168 on the other side of the centerline 170.
  • the curved wall portions 182 of the backwalls 172 conform to an arc of a circle having its origin located along an axis A which is parallel to, and located a distance C vertically below, the longitudinal axis 92 or 108.
  • the distance C is preferably approximately 0.25 inches below the axis 92 or 108.
  • the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the edge 176 of the cutting edge 186 is approximately 0.002 to 0.005 inches larger than the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the convex surfaces 130 and tips 124 of the cutting teeth 94 and 110.
  • each curved wall portion 182 thereby provides a relief 200 between the curved wall portion 182 and the teeth 94 and 110 which allows a shredded piece of material to fall away from the cutting tooth 94 or 110 as it passes through a slot 168.
  • the curved surface portions 196 of the concave surfaces 188 conform to an arc of a circle having its origin located along an axis B which is parallel to, and located a distance C vertically below the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 and a distance D horizontally from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108.
  • the distance C is preferably 0.25 inches and the distance D is preferably equal to the length of the edges 184.
  • the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the edge 190 of the concave surface 188 is approximately 0.010 to 0.015 inches larger than the radius from the longitudinal axis 92 or 108 to the cylindrical surfaces 86 or 102 of the shafts 84 and 100.
  • the cylindrical surfaces 86 and 102 of the shafts 84 and 100 form a fourth side to the generally U-shaped cutting edges 186 such that a generally rectangular opening is formed in the top surface 164 of the cutting block 162 at the upper end of each slot 168.
  • the cutting teeth 94 and 110 fit precisely within the rectangular openings formed by the cutting edges 186 and the cylindrical surfaces 86 and 102.
  • the distance between the curved surface portions 196 and the cylindrical surfaces 86 or 102 increases as the curved surface portion 196 extends downwardly and outwardly from the planar surface portion 194.
  • the curved surface portions 196 thereby provide reliefs 202 between the curved surface portions 196 and the cylindrical surfaces 86 or 102 which decrease the amount of surface contact, and the magnitude of frictional forces, between a shredded piece of material and the sidewalls 174 as the shredded piece of material passes through a slot 68.
  • the reliefs 200 and 202 reduce the amount of force that is required to push a shredded piece of material through a slot 168 and thereby reduce the operating stresses in the cutting block 162 and in the shafts 84 and 100.
  • the alternating checkerboard pattern of the slots 168 allows the teeth 94 and 110 to pull all of the material to be shredded through the cutting block 162 without leaving any unshredded material on the top surface 164 of the cutting block 162.
  • the downwardly and outwardly extending backwalls 172 of the slots 168 allow the cutting block 162 to have a large cross-sectional area thereby strengthening the cutting block 162 and decreasing the operating stresses in the cutting block 162.
  • the cutting block 162 is machined from one piece of solid steel, preferably 8620 alloy steel, and is preferably heat treated to a hardness of approximately 55-58 Rockwell C.
  • the top surface 164 of the cutting block 162 may be ground down to provide a new set of U-shaped cutting edges 186.
  • the overall operation of the shredding machine 160 is substantially the same as the operation of the shredding machine 10 but, as previously described, requires reduced force for operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à une déchiqueteuse pour pneus de véhicules et pour divers autres matériaux, qui comprend une paire d'arbres rotatifs (84, 100) et un bloc de coupe (54) monté à l'intérieur d'un bâti (14). Le bloc de coupe comporte une surface supérieure (58) et plusieurs fentes (68) s'étendant vers le bas depuis la surface supérieure et disposées sur chaque côté du bloc de coupe. La surface supérieure du bloc et chacune des fentes définissent respectivement des bords tranchants en forme d'U. Les arbres sont montés rotatifs sur le bâti sur les côtés opposés du bloc de coupe. Chaque arbre porte plusieurs dents tranchantes qui sont disposées en spirale sur la longueur de chacun des arbres. Chaque arbre peut contenir une ou plusieurs spirales de dents tranchantes. Les arbres sont amenés à effectuer un mouvement rotatif dans des directions opposées l'un par rapport à l'autre, pendant qu'une ou plusieurs des dents tranchantes de chaque arbre sont mises en rotation à travers une fente correspondante de façon à entrer en contact de découpage avec le bord tranchant en U de la fente. Les dents tranchantes et les bords tranchants en U coopèrent en vue de déchiqueter le matériau qui est acheminé dans la déchiqueteuse sous forme de boulettes de grandeur uniforme. Une barre de nettoyage fixe (136) est montée sur le bâti à proximité adjacente de chaque arbre correspondant et sert à enlever le matériau déchiqueté qui pourrait coller aux dents tranchantes.
PCT/US1991/003451 1990-05-18 1991-05-16 Dechiqueteuse pour pneus de vehicules et autres objets WO1991017690A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU80880/91A AU8088091A (en) 1990-05-18 1991-05-16 A machine for shredding vehicle tires and other articles

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US52547090A 1990-05-18 1990-05-18
US525,470 1990-05-18
USNOTFURNISHED 1990-09-24

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WO1991017690A1 true WO1991017690A1 (fr) 1991-11-28

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995008425A1 (fr) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-30 Maurice Deschamps Dechiqueteur a cisaillement
US5829690A (en) * 1996-06-07 1998-11-03 Sudrohrbau Gmbh & Co. Shredding apparatus with shearing action
WO1998050160A1 (fr) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Environmental Products Corporation Ensemble compacteur pour contenant, a plusieurs compartiments et organe de derivation
WO2010032037A1 (fr) * 2008-09-19 2010-03-25 Mmd Design & Consultancy Limited Dispositif de calibrage pour minéraux
FR3028432A1 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-20 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif raffineur offrant une efficacite amelioree

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR929111A (fr) * 1946-02-12 1947-12-17 Appareil ménager pour le cisaillage des grains de café ou autres analogues
AT171064B (de) * 1949-10-18 1952-04-25 Anstalt Unda Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Fasergut aus frischem tierischen Hautmaterial, insbesondere für die Herstellung von Kunstdärmen
US3931935A (en) * 1974-06-24 1976-01-13 Holman Merle A Method of and apparatus for cutting vehicle tires
US4059236A (en) * 1976-12-06 1977-11-22 Garbalizer Corporation Of America Shearing structure in materials reduction machinery
US4176800A (en) * 1978-01-11 1979-12-04 Garbalizer Corporation Of America Materials reduction structure
US4394983A (en) * 1981-03-02 1983-07-26 Kaca Corporation Tire and refuse shredder
US4629134A (en) * 1982-02-02 1986-12-16 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Gmbh & Co. Roll crusher
US4691871A (en) * 1984-08-31 1987-09-08 Mochizuki Precision Machine Industries Co., Ltd. Cutting apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR929111A (fr) * 1946-02-12 1947-12-17 Appareil ménager pour le cisaillage des grains de café ou autres analogues
AT171064B (de) * 1949-10-18 1952-04-25 Anstalt Unda Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Fasergut aus frischem tierischen Hautmaterial, insbesondere für die Herstellung von Kunstdärmen
US3931935A (en) * 1974-06-24 1976-01-13 Holman Merle A Method of and apparatus for cutting vehicle tires
US4059236A (en) * 1976-12-06 1977-11-22 Garbalizer Corporation Of America Shearing structure in materials reduction machinery
US4176800A (en) * 1978-01-11 1979-12-04 Garbalizer Corporation Of America Materials reduction structure
US4394983A (en) * 1981-03-02 1983-07-26 Kaca Corporation Tire and refuse shredder
US4629134A (en) * 1982-02-02 1986-12-16 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Gmbh & Co. Roll crusher
US4691871A (en) * 1984-08-31 1987-09-08 Mochizuki Precision Machine Industries Co., Ltd. Cutting apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995008425A1 (fr) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-30 Maurice Deschamps Dechiqueteur a cisaillement
US5829690A (en) * 1996-06-07 1998-11-03 Sudrohrbau Gmbh & Co. Shredding apparatus with shearing action
WO1998050160A1 (fr) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Environmental Products Corporation Ensemble compacteur pour contenant, a plusieurs compartiments et organe de derivation
US5921372A (en) * 1997-05-02 1999-07-13 Environmental Products Corporation Multiple chambered container compaction assembly with diverter
WO2010032037A1 (fr) * 2008-09-19 2010-03-25 Mmd Design & Consultancy Limited Dispositif de calibrage pour minéraux
FR3028432A1 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-20 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif raffineur offrant une efficacite amelioree
EP3023156A1 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-25 Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives Dispositif raffineur offrant une efficacite amelioree

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