Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0004—Non aqueous liquid compositions comprising insoluble particles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups

Definitions

• the present invention relates to non-aqueous liquid cleaning products, especially non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions containing particulate solid materials dispersed in a liquid phase.
• Non-aqueous liquids are those containing little or no water.
• Non-aqueous liquid cleaning products often comprise a liquid phase comprising a nonionic surfactant material.
• these nonionic surfactant materials have as one of their main functions to clean objects such as fabrics to be washed or hard surfaces.
• These detergency nonionics often comprise a fatty alcohol chain comprising from 9 to 15 carbon atoms, said chain being alkoxylated with on average more than 5 alkoxy groups such as ethoxy or propoxy groups or mixtures thereof.
• a problem in using detergency nonionics in non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions is that they often generate high foam levels, specifically in the rinsing spinning cycles of washing machines.
• One way of reducing the amount of foam is to incorporate foam control agents such as silicone-materials. For adequately reducing the foam-problem, hitherto it proved sometimes necessary to use relatively high levels of costly silicone anti-foam materials.
• detergency nonionics Another problem in using detergency nonionics is sometimes the occurence of relatively high viscosities of the final product, especially at a relatively low temperature, for example 5 °C.
• Another problem with non-aqueous liquid detergent products is sometimes the occurance of off-odours caused by the use of certain surfactant materials.
• mixtures of relatively hydrophilic alkoxylated detergency nonionics and relatively hydrophobic nonionic ingredients having a relatively small hydrophilic headgroup are suitable for this purpose.
• Preferred relatively hydrophilic alkoxylated detergency nonionics are selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, said alcohol comprising on average more than 9 and less than 12 carbon atoms and being alkoxylated with on average more than 5 and less than 10 alkoxy-groups selected from ethoxy and/or propoxy groups.
• nonionic non-detergency ingredients do not have as their main function a detergency function if used in the absence of other detergency materials, therefore they are referred to as nonionic non-detergency ingredients.
• Especially preferred non- detergency materials for use in compositions of the invention are nonionic ingredients which are selected from the groups of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, said alcohol comprising on average 12 to 16 carbon atoms and being alkoxylated with on average less than 5 alkoxy groups selected from ethoxy and/or propoxy groups and fatty alcohols having a carbon chain length of from 9 to 15. Further possible advantages of the invention are increased cleaning properties especially on oily soil and reduced costs of production.
• liquid non-aqueous detergent composition comprising:
• detergency nonionic materials for the purpose of the present invention a distinction between detergency nonionic materials and nonionic non-detergency ingredients can be made by applying the following test: Six soiled test-cloths ( 2 x FK IOC, 2 x WFK 20C and 2 x WFK 30C) are washed in a tergotometer at 40 °C for 15 minutes at 75 rpm in water of 24 °FH. The weight ratio of cloth to water is 1 : 40. The water contains 1.25 g/1 of nonionic material and a buffering system of 0.15 g/1 borax and 0.10 g/1 of triethanolamine. After washing, the cloths are centrifuged and dried, whereafter the reflectometer-score for the WFK 20 C cloths is measured in an Elrepho reflectometer at 460 nm.
• Detergency nonionic materials will generally provide a reflectometer-score of more than 3.5, more preferred more than 4.0, most preferred more than 4.5.
• Nonionic non-detergency ingredients will generally provide a reflectometerscore of less than 3.5, more preferred less than 2.5, most preferred less than 1.5.
• the detergency nonionic material is the detergency nonionic material
• compositions of the invention comprise one or more detergency nonionic materials selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated fatty alcohols having on average more than 9 and less than 12 carbon atoms and being alkoxylated with on average more than 5 and less than 10 alkoxy-groups selected from ethoxy and/or propoxy groups.
• these nonionic materials additionally satisfy one or more of the following conditions:
• the material has an HLB value of more than 12, preferably from 12.5 to 14; (b) the material has a conductivity of more than
• the material has a standard foam height of more than 40 mm.
• the HLB value (the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) is a well-known parameter for determining the hydrophilic character of nonionic ingredients. A higher HLB value indicates a more hydrophilic character of the nonionic material.
• a preferred method for calculating the HLB of a material is to divide the average molecular weight of the hydrophilic portion of the molecule times 20, by the average molecular weight of the whole molecule. This method is especially suitable for calculating the HLB of ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
• the HLB value of the detergency nonionic material is 12 or more, preferably from 12.5
• the conductivity of condition (b) is determined in accordance with the following method: the detergency nonionic material is mixed with Na Dobs in a weight ratio of 50 : 1 and the conductivity of the mixture is measured with a Hewlett Packard Impedantie-meter 4800A.
• the conductivity of the mixture is more than 1 x 10 ⁇ 4 ohm -1 m _1 » more preferred between 1.5 x 10 ⁇ 4 and 2.5 x 10 "4 ohm "1 m "1 *
• the foam height in accordance with test (c) is determined in accordance with the following method: 250 ml of water of 16 °FH is mixed with 0.125 g of ' - the detergency nonionic, the solution is stirred vigorously for 40 seconds in a pipe of 6.5 cm diameter and the foam height is determined.
• the height of the developed foam is more than 40 mm, more preferred more than 45 mm, most preferably between 50 and 100 mm.
• Nonionic detergency materials as specified above preferably additionally satisfy one or more of the above conditions. It is preferred that test (a) , eventually in combination with tests (b) and/or (c) are satisfied.
• a very preferred embodiment of the invention concerns the use of so-called narrow range ethoxylates as detergency nonionic materials.
• the detergency nonionic is an ethoxylated alcohol having an average of from 5 to 8 ethylene oxide (EO) groups per molecule, at least 60% having a number of ethylene oxide groups within ⁇ 2E0 of the average and the alkyl chain distribution being such that less than 2% has a chain length of 9 or less carbon atoms, at least 90% has a chain length between 10 and 12 carbon atoms and less than 10% has a chain length of 13 or more carbon atoms, said percentages being by weight of the ethox lated alcohol.
• EO ethylene oxide
• Preferred narrow range ethoxylates are available from Vista.
• the detergency nonionic material preferably is liquid at 20 °C and preferably has a pour point of less than 10 °C, more preferably less than 5 °C.
• the level of the detergency nonionic material is preferably from 5 to 75 % by weight of the composition, more preferably from 10 to 40 %, most preferably from 25 to 35 %.
• the nonionic non-detergency ingredient is used in compositions of the invention as a foam control agent and/or viscosity control agent and/or for the prevention of off-odours.
• a foam control agent and/or viscosity control agent and/or for the prevention of off-odours.
• these materials should be able to reduce the amount of foaming of the compositions when used in a washing machine and/or to reduce the viscosity of the product and/or they should not give rise to off-odours.
• Suitable nonionic non-detergency materials are selected from the groups of alkoxylated fatty alcohols comprising on average from 12 to 16 carbon atoms and being alkoxylated with on average less than 5 alkoxy groups selected from ethoxy and/or propoxy groups and fatty alcohols having a carbon chain length of from 9 to 15.
• alkoxylated fatty alcohols comprising on average from 12 to 16 carbon atoms and being alkoxylated with on average less than 5 alkoxy groups selected from ethoxy and/or propoxy groups and fatty alcohols having a carbon chain length of from 9 to 15.
• C 13-15 alcohols ethoxylated with on average 2-4 ethoxy groups are used.
• Most prefered is the use of a C 13-15 alcohol ethoxylated with on average about 3 ethoxy groups.
• suitable non-detergency nonionic ingredients preferably additionally satisfy one or more of the following tests:
• the ingredient has an HLB value of less than 12, preferably from 4 to 11, most preferably from 5 to 10;
• the ingredient provides a standard conductivity reduction of at least 10%.
• the ingredient provides a standard foam height reduction of at least 30%.
• the ingredient provides a standard viscosity reduction of at least 100 Pa.s at 21 s"" 1 .
• the HLB value of the nonionic non-detergency ingredient is less than 12, more preferably from 4-11, most preferably from 5- 10.
• Preferably narrow range ethoxylates are used.
• the nonionic non-detergency ingredient preferably is capable to reduce the conductivity of a standard solution.
• the reduction of conductivity can be measured as follows: a mixture is made of the nonionic non-detergency ingredient, a nonionic material having the trade name Dobanol 91-6 and Na Dobs in weight ratios of 15 : 35 : 1.
• the conductivity of this mixture should be less than the conductivity of a 50 : 1 mixture of Dobanol 91-6 and Na Dobs.
• the reduction in conductivity is at least 10%, more preferred more than 30%, most preferred more than 50%.
• Condition (c) can be tested as follows: 250 ml of water of 16 °FH is mixed with 0.125 g of a 1 : l (by weight) mixture of Dobanol 91-6 and the nonionic non- detergency ingredient, the solution is vigorously stirred for 40 seconds in a pipe of 6.5 cm diameter.
• the foam height is determined.
• the height of the developed foam is at least 30% less than the amount of foam generated when 0.125 g of pure Dobanol 91-6 is used, more preferably the foam reduction is at least 50%, most preferably from 70 to 100%.
• Condition (d) can be tested by measuring the viscosity at 21s" *1 of the following composition:
• the nonionic is Dobanol 91-6
• the Nonionic is a 2 : 1 (by weight) mixture of Dobanol 91-6 and the nonionic non-detergency ingredient.
• the viscosity reduction by substituting the Dobanol 91-6 by the mixture of nonionic materials is at least 100 mPa.s, more preferred more than 250 mPa.s, most preferred more than 500 mPa.s at 21 s _1 .
• the nonionic non-detergency ingredient is liquid at 20 °C.
• the pour point of the ingredient is les than 10 °C, more preferably less than 5 °C.
• the level of the nonionic non-detergency ingredient is preferably from 1 to 30 % by weight of the composition, more preferably from 3 to 20 %, most preferably from 7 to 17 %.
• the weight ratio of detergency nonionic material to nonionic non-detergency ingredient is preferably from 10 : 1 to 1 : 5, more preferably from 5 : l to l : 3, most preferably from 4 : 1 to 1 : 1.
• compositions according to the present invention are non-aqueous liquid cleaning products.
• liquids refer to materials which are liquid at 25°C at atmospheric pressure. They may be formulated in a very wide range of specific forms, according to the intended use. They may be formulated as cleaners for hard surfaces (with or without abrasive) or as agents for warewashing (cleaning of dishes, cutlery etc) either by hand or mechanical means, as well as in the form of specialised cleaning products, such as for surgical apparatus or artificial dentures. They may also b. formulated as agents for washing and/or conditioning of fabrics.
• compositions according to the invention will contain a detergency nonionic material.
• the compositions may contain one or more agents which further promote the cleaning and/or conditioning of the article(s) in question, selected according to the intended application.
• these agents will be selected from surfactants, enzymes, bleaches, microbiocides, (for fabrics) fabric softening agents and (in the case of hard surface cleaning) abrasives.
• surfactants for fabrics
• bleaches for fabrics
• microbiocides for fabrics
• fabric softening agents in the case of hard surface cleaning agents
• abrasives in the case of hard surface cleaning
• surfactants are solids, they will usually be dissolved or dispersed in the liquid phase. Where they are liquids, they will usually constitute all or part of the liquid phase. However, in some cases the surfactants may undergo a phase change in the composition.
• surfactants for use in the compositions of the invention may be chosen from any of the classes, sub-classes and specific materials described in "Surface Active Agents” Vol. I, by Schwartz & Perry, Interscience 1949 and “Surface Active Agents” Vol. II by Schwartz, Perry & Berch (Interscience 1958) , in the current edition of "McCutcheon's Emulsifiers & Detergents” published by the McCutcheon division of Manufacturing Confectioners Company or in "Tensid- Taschenbuch", H. Stache, 2nd Edn. , Carl Hanser Verlag, Miinchen & Wien, 1981.
• alkyl refers to a straight or branched alkyl moiety having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
• lower alkyl refers to a straight or branched alkyl moiety of from l to 4 carbon atoms.
• alkylene in terms of configuration and number of carbon atoms
• alkylene alkenylene and alkynylene linkages.
• any reference to lower alkyl or C ⁇ - ⁇ alkyl (unless the context so forbids) is to be taken specifically as a recitation of each species wherein the alkyl group is (independent of any other alkyl group which may be present in the same molecule) methyl, ethyl, iso- propyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl and t-butyl, and lower (or C ⁇ _4) alkylene is to be construed likewise.
• solids are to be construed as referring to materials in the solid phase which are added to the composition and are dispersed therein in solid form, those solids which dissolve in the liquid phase and those in the liquid phase which solidify (undergo a phase change) in the composition, wherein they are then dispersed.
• Suitable anionic detergent surfactants are alkali metal, ammonium or alkylolamine salts of alkylbenzene sulphonates having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, alkyl and alkylether sulphates having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the alkylether sulphates having from 1 to 5 ethylene oxide groups, and olefin sulphonates prepared by sulphonation of C 10 -24 alpha-olefins and subsequent neutralization and hydrolysis of the sulphonation reaction product.
• the compositions of the invention contain the liquid phase (whether or not comprising liquid surfactant) in an amount of at least 10% by weight of the total composition.
• the amount of the liquid phase present in the composition may be as high as about 90%, but in most cases the practical amount will lie between 20 and 70% and preferably between 35 and 50% by weight of the composition.
• At least 50 % by weight of the liquid phase is composed of the detergency nonionic material and the nonionic non-detergency ingredient. More preferably at least 70 % of the liquid phase is composed of these two ingredients, most preferably from 80 to 100 %.
• the solids content of the product may be within a very wide range, for example from 10-90%, usually from 30-80% and preferably from 50-65% by weight of the final composition.
• the solid phase should preferably be in particulate form and preferably have a weight average particle size of less than 300 microns, preferably less than 200 microns, more preferably less than 100 microns, especially less than 10 microns.
• the particle size may even be of sub- micron size.
• the proper particle size can be obtained by using materials of the appropriate size or by milling the total product in a suitable milling apparatus.
• HM hydrophobically modified
• a dispersant material is a material, of which the main purpose is to stabilise the composition.
• Hydrophobically modified dispersant materials are particulate materials, of which the outer surface has chemically been treated to reduce the hydrophilic nature thereof.
• Preferred HM materials have a weight average particle size of from 0.005 to 5 micrometer, more preferred
• the level of the HM material is preferably from 0.1 to 10 % by weight of the composition, more preferred 0.3 to 5 %, most preferred from 0.5 to 3 %.
• the number of hydroxy- and/or acid- groups at the surface of the particles is reduced by the hydrophobing treatment.
• Suitable reactions include esterification or etherfication of the hydrophilic groups.
• the hydrophobing treatment involves at least 10 % of the hydrophilic groups at the surface of the particle, more preferably from 40 to 95 %, most preferably from 50 to 90 %. Partial hydrophobing is preferred over complete hydrophobation.
• HM silica containing dispersants are used.
• the hydrophobation of the silica particles preferably involves the substitution of the free hydroxy-groups at the outer surface of the silica particles by a short alkyl group. More preferably the surface hydroxy-groups are substituted by methyl groups.
• HM particles and particulate metal oxides have a bulk density of 200 to 1,000 g/1, more preferred 250 to 800 g/1, especially preferably 300 to 700 g/1, most preferably from 400 to 650 g/1.
• the metal oxide is selected from calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and aluminium oxide, most preferably magnesium oxide is used.
• the weight average particle size of the metal oxide is preferably from 0.1 to 200 micrometer, more preferably from 0.5 to 100 micrometer, most preferred from 2 to 70 micrometer.
• the level of metal oxide is preferably from 0.1 to 7 % by weight of the composition, more preferred from 0.5 to 5 %, most preferred from 1 to
• the detergency builders are those materials which counteract the effects of calcium, or other ion, water hardness, either by precipitation or by an ion sequestering effect. They comprise both inorganic and organic builders. They may also be sub-divided into the phosphorus-containing and non-phosphorus types, the latter being preferred when environmental considerations are important.
• the inorganic builders comprise the various phosphate-, carbonate-, silicate-, borate- and aluminosilicates-type materials, particularly the alkali-metal salt forms. Mixtures of these may also be used.
• Examples of phosphorus-containing inorganic builders when present, include the water-soluble salts, especially alkali metal pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, polyphosphates and phosphonates.
• Specific examples of inorganic phosphate builders include sodium and potassium tripolyphosphates, phosphates and hexametaphosphates.
• non-phosphorus-containing inorganic builders when present, include water-soluble alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, silicates, metasilicates, and crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates. Specific examples include sodium carbonate (with or without calcite seeds) , potassium carbonate, sodium and potassium bicarbonates, silicates and zeolites.
• organic builders include the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium, citrates, succinates, malonates, fatty acid sulphonates, carboxymethoxy succinates, ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates, aminopolycarboxylates, polyacetyl carboxylates and polyhydroxsulphonates.
• Specific examples include sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, melitic acid, benzene polycarboxylie acids and citric acid.
• organic phosphonate type sequestering agents such as those sold by Monsanto under the tradename of the Dequest range and alkanehydroxy phosphonates.
• suitable organic builders include the higher molecular weight polymers and co-polymers known to have builder properties, for example appropriate polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid and polyacrylic/ polymaleic acid co-polymers and their salts, such as those sold by. BASF under the Sokalan Trade Mark.
• the level of builder materials is preferably from 5 1 - 60 % by weight of the composition, more preferred 10- 50 % by weight, most preferred 20-40 %.
• compositions of the invention also comprise a deflocculant material.
• a deflocculant material any material may be used as a deflocculant provided it fulfils the deflocculation test described in European Patent Specification EP-A-266199 (Unilever) .
• EP-A-266199 Unilever
• the capability of a substance to act as a deflocculant will partly depend on the solids/liquid phase combination. However, especially preferred are acids.
• deflocculants include the alkanoic acids such as acetic, propionic and stearic and their halogenated counterparts such as trichloracetic and trifluoracetic as well as the alkyl (e.g. methane) sulphonic acids and aralkyl (e.g. paratoluene) sulphonic acids.
• alkanoic acids such as acetic, propionic and stearic and their halogenated counterparts such as trichloracetic and trifluoracetic as well as the alkyl (e.g. methane) sulphonic acids and aralkyl (e.g. paratoluene) sulphonic acids.
• suitable inorganic mineral acids and their salts are hydrochloric, carbonic, sulphurous, sulphuric and phosphoric acids; potassium monohydrogen sulphate, sodium monohydrogen sulphate, potassium monohydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium monohydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, tetrasodium monohydrogen triphosphate.
• organic acids may also be used as deflocculants, for example formic, lactic, amino acetic, benzoic, salicylic, phthalic, nicotinic, ascorbic, ethylenediamine tetraacetic, and aminophosphonic acids, as well as longer chain fatty carboxylates and triglycerides, such as oleic, stearic, lauric acid and the like.
• Peracids such as percarboxylie and persulphonic acids may also be used.
• the class of acid deflocculants further extends to the Lewis acids, including the anhydrides of inorganic and organic acids. Examples of these are acetic anhydride, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride and succinic anhydride, sulphur-trioxide, diphosphorous pentoxide, boron trifluoride, antimony pentachloride.
• fatty anions are very suitable deflocculants, and a particularly preferred class of deflocculants comprises anionic surfactants.
• anionics which are salts of alkali or other metals may be used, particularly preferred are the free acid forms of these surfactants (wherein the metal cation is replaced by an H + cation, i.e. proton).
• These anionic surfactants include all those classes, sub-classes and specific forms described in the aforementioned general references on surfactants, viz, Schwartz & Perry, Schwartz Perry and Berch, McCutcheon's, Tensid- Taschenbuch; and the free acid forms thereof. Many anionic surfactants have already been described hereinbefore. In the role of deflocculants, the free acid forms of these are generally preferred.
• some preferred sub-classes and examples are the C ⁇ o ⁇ c 22 fatty acids and dimers thereof, the Cg-C ⁇ alkylbenzene sulphonic acids, the C 10 ⁇ 18 alkyl- or alkylether sulphuric acid monoesters, the c 12 ⁇ c 18 paraffin sulphonic acids, the fatty acid sulphonic acids, the benzene-, toluene-, xylene- and cumene sulphonic acids and so on.
• Particularly are the linear C ⁇ -C ⁇ g alkylbenzene sulphonic acids.
• zwitterionic-types can also be used as deflocculants. These may be any described in the aforementioned general surfactant references.
• lecithin is lecithin.
• the level of the deflocculant material in the composition can be optimised by the means described in the aforementioned EP-A-266199, but in very many cases is at least 0.01%, usually 0.1% and preferably at least 1% by weight, and may be as high as 15% by weight. For most practical purposes, the amount ranges from 2-12%, preferably from 4-10% by weight, based on the final composition.
• compositions of the invention contain one or more bleach ingredients.
• Bleaches include the halogen, particularly chlorine bleaches such as are provided in the form of alkalimetal hypohalites, e.g. hypochlorites.
• the oxygen bleaches are preferred, for example in the form of an inorganic persalt, preferably with a bleach precursor, or as a peroxy acid compound.
• the activator makes the bleaching more effective at lower temperatures, i.e. in the range from ambient temperature to about 60°C, so that such bleach systems are commonly known as low-temperature bleach systems and are well-known in the art.
• the inorganic persalt such as sodium perborate, both the monohydrate and the tetrahydrate, acts to release active oxygen in solution, and the activator is usually an organic compound having one or more reactive acyl residues, which cause the formation of peracids, the latter providing for a more effective bleaching action at lower temperatures than the peroxybleach compound alone.
• the ratio by weight of the peroxybleach compound to the activator is from about
• the amount of the bleach system i.e. peroxybleach compound and activator
• the amount of the bleach system may be varied- between about 5% and about 35% by weight of the total liquid, it is preferred to use from about 6% to about 30% of the ingredients forming the bleach system.
• the preferred level of the peroxybleach compound in the composition is between about 5.5% and about 27% by weight, while the preferred level of the activator is between about 0.5% and about 14%, most preferably between about 1% and about 10% by weight.
• Suitable peroxybleach compounds are alkalimetal perborates, both tetrahydrates and monohydrates, alkali metal percarbonates, persilicates and perphosphates, of which sodium perborate is preferred.
• a stabiliser for the bleach or bleach system for example ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphonate and diethylene triamine penta ethylene phosphonate or other appropriate organic phosphonate or salt thereof, such as the Dequest range hereinbefore described.
• These stabilisers can be used in acid or salt form, such as the calcium, magnesium, zinc or aluminium salt form.
• the stabiliser may be present at a level of up to about 2% by weight. preferably between about 0.1% and about 1.0 % by weight.
• liquid bleach precursors such as glycerol triacetate and ethylidene heptanoate acetate, isopropenyl acetate and the like, also function suitably as a material for the liquid phase, thus obviating or reducing any need of additional relatively volatile solvents, such as the lower alkanols, paraffins, glycols and glycolethers and the like,- e.g. for viscosity control.
• ingredients comprise those remaining ingredients which may be used in liquid cleaning products, such as fabric conditioning agents, enzymes, perfumes (including deoperfumes) , micro-biocides, colouring agents, fluorescers, soil-suspending agents (anti- redeposition agents) , corrosion inhibitors, enzyme stabilising agents, and lather depressants.
• fabric conditioning agents which may be used, either in fabric washing liquids or in rinse conditioners, are fabric softening materials such as fabric softening clays, quaternary ammonium salts, imidazolinium salts, fatty amines and cellulases.
• Enzymes which can be used in liquids according to the present invention include proteolytic enzymes, amylolytic enzymes and lipolytic enzymes (Upases) .
• proteolytic enzymes amylolytic enzymes and lipolytic enzymes (Upases) .
• Various types of proteolytic enzymes and amylolytic enzymes are known in the art and are commercially available. They may be incorporated as “prills", “marumes” or suspensions e.g.
• the fluorescent agents which can be used in the liquid cleaning products according to the invention are well known and many such fluorescent agents are available commercially. Usually, these fluorescent agents are supplied and used in the form of their alkali metal salts, for example, the sodium salts.
• the total amount of the fluorescent agent or agents used in a detergent composition is generally from 0.02-2% by weight.
• anti-redeposition agents When it is desired to include anti-redeposition agents in the liquid cleaning products, the amount thereof is normally from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, preferably from about 0.2% to about 2.5% by weight of the total liquid composition.
• Preferred anti-redeposition agents include carboxy derivatives of sugars and celluloses, e.g. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, anionic poly-electrolytes, especially polymeric aliphatic carboxylates, or organic phosphonates.
• compositions are substantially non-aqueous, i.e. they contain little or no free water, preferably no more than 5%, preferably less than 3%, especially less than 1% by weight of the total composition. It has been found that the higher the water content, the more likely it is for the viscosity to be too high, or even for setting to occur.
• compositions in accordance with the invention comprise:
• the viscosity of the product is preferably less than 2,500 mPa.s at 21 s "1 , more preferred less than 2,000, most preferred from 500 to 1,500 mPa.s.
• Compositions of the invention preferably are free from nonionic materials containing propoxy groups.
• Composition in accordance with the present invention may be used for several detergency purposes, for example the cleaning of surfaces and the washing of fabrics.
• an aqueous liquor containing 0.1 to 10 %, more preferably 0.2 to 2% of the non-aqueous detergent composition of the invention is used.
• all raw materials should be dry and (in the case of hydratable salts) in a low hydration state, e.g. anhydrous phosphate builder, sodium perborate monohydrate and dry calcite abrasive, where these are employed in the composition.
• a low hydration state e.g. anhydrous phosphate builder, sodium perborate monohydrate and dry calcite abrasive, where these are employed in the composition.
• the dry, substantially anhydrous solids are blended with the liquid phase in a dry vessel. If deflocculant materials are used, these should preferably -at least partly- be mixed with the liquid phase, prior to the addition of the solids. In order to minimise the rate of sedimentation of the solids, this blend is passed through a grinding mill or a combination of mills, e.g.
• a colloid mill to achieve a particle size of 0.1 to 100 microns, preferably 0.5 to 50 microns, ideally 1 to 10 microns.
• a preferred combination of such mills is a colloid mill followed by a horizontal ball mill since these can be operated under the conditions required to provide a narrow size distribution in the final product.
• particulate material already having the desired particle size need not be subjected to this procedure and if desired, can be incorporated during a later stage of processing.
• ingredients which might be added at this stage are perfumes and enzymes, but might also include highly temperature sensitive bleach components or volatile solvent components which may be desirable in the final composition. However, it is especially preferred that volatile material be introduced after any step of de-aeration. Suitable equipment for cooling (e.g. heat exchangers) and de- aeration will be known to those skilled in the art.
• compositions (percent by weight) were prepared by mixing the ingredients in the order stated. The ingredients were milled after mixing to give a mean particle size of 5 *__.

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• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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ID=8204979

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Cited By (3)

Citations (5)

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• 1991
  • 1991-02-14 DE DE69102064T patent/DE69102064T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-02-14 WO PCT/EP1991/000295 patent/WO1991014765A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1991-02-14 ES ES91904091T patent/ES2052373T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-02-14 JP JP91504200A patent/JPH05505633A/ja active Pending
  • 1991-02-14 AU AU72430/91A patent/AU651961B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1991-02-14 EP EP91904091A patent/EP0521863B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-02-14 BR BR919106283A patent/BR9106283A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1991-02-14 CA CA002078789A patent/CA2078789A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-03-22 NZ NZ237545A patent/NZ237545A/en unknown
  • 1991-03-28 ZA ZA912378A patent/ZA912378B/xx unknown
• 1992
  • 1992-09-25 FI FI924296A patent/FI924296A/fi unknown

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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