WO1991010720A1 - Systeme de gel stabilise et production de ce gel - Google Patents

Systeme de gel stabilise et production de ce gel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991010720A1
WO1991010720A1 PCT/GB1991/000052 GB9100052W WO9110720A1 WO 1991010720 A1 WO1991010720 A1 WO 1991010720A1 GB 9100052 W GB9100052 W GB 9100052W WO 9110720 A1 WO9110720 A1 WO 9110720A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
process according
tenside
alkali metal
detergent composition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1991/000052
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sean Geoffrey Hall
John Thomas Mccullins
Original Assignee
S.B. Chemicals Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB909000833A external-priority patent/GB9000833D0/en
Priority claimed from GB909024563A external-priority patent/GB9024563D0/en
Application filed by S.B. Chemicals Limited filed Critical S.B. Chemicals Limited
Priority to EP91902313A priority Critical patent/EP0511261B1/fr
Priority to CA002073759A priority patent/CA2073759C/fr
Priority to DE69126660T priority patent/DE69126660T2/de
Publication of WO1991010720A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991010720A1/fr
Priority to US08/132,662 priority patent/US5601749A/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/0013—Liquid compositions with insoluble particles in suspension
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a stabilised gel system for supporting finely divided particulate matter in suspension, to detergent compositions and abrasive preparations based on such a stabilised gel system, and to the production thereof.
  • each type of preparation contains the same basic ingredients and in both cases it has been necessary to incorporate materials which can only be regarded as inert diluents of the active compounds in the formulation.
  • the diluent has been alkali metal sulphates whilst in the case of the liquid it has simply been water.
  • Such surface active ingredients normally include an anionic surfactant or tenside and may further include one or more non-ionic surfactants.
  • anionic surfactants include the sodium salts of alkyl benzene sulphonic acids and of alkyl sulphonic acids.
  • non-ionic surfactants there can be mentioned polyalkylene oxide ethers of alkyl alcohols or alkylphenols, as well as the monoethanolamides of fatty acids, such as coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide.
  • the present invention accordingly seeks to provide an improved liquid built detergent composition and a process for making same in which the problems encountered in the prior art are substantially obviated. It also seeks to provide an improved system for supporting finely divided particulate matter in suspension.
  • a stabilised gel system for supporting finely • divided particulate matter in suspension comprising a hydrosol of silicic acid stabilised by entanglement with micelles of a tenside.
  • the tenside is one containing one or more sulphonic acid or sulphonate groups.
  • Such a stabilised gel system can conveniently be produced by at least partially neutralising a sodium silicate solution with a tenside containing one or more sulphonic acid groups.
  • Such a stabilised gel system is normally acidic or near neutral in character.
  • the pH of a liquid support system in accordance with the invention lies in the range of from' about 1.0 to about 9.0. Normally it will have a pH of not more than about 8.0, e.g. in the range of from about 4.0 to about 7.5.
  • a liquid built detergent composition comprising a hydrosol of silicic acid stabilised by entanglement with micelles of a tenside containing one or more sulphonic acid or sulphonate groups.
  • an abrasive preparation comprising a hydrosol of silicic acid stabilised by entanglement with micelles of a tenside in which are dispersed finely divided particles of an abrasive material.
  • the tenside in such an abrasive preparation is one containing one or more sulphonic acid or sulphonate groups.
  • Such an abrasive composition can be formulated as an oven cleaner, for example, or as a cleaner for hard surfaces.
  • a process for the production of a stabilised gel system for supporting finely divided particulate matter in suspension which comprises neutralising a solution of an alkali metal silicate to a pH in the range of from about 1.0 to about 7.0 in the presence of a tenside thereby to produce a hydrosol of silicic acid stabilised by entanglement with tenside micelles.
  • Neutralisation may be effected by addition of an acid to a solution of an alkali metal silicate that contains also at least one surfactant.
  • the acid may be selected from hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, sulphamic acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
  • neutralisation may be effected by titration of the solution of alkali metal silicate with a tenside containing one or more sulphonic acid groups.
  • a solution having a pH of not more than 7.0 is produced by disolving in an aqueous medium a tenside containing one or more sulphonic acid groups and an alkali metal tripolyphosphate and a solution of an alkali metal silicate is added thereto.
  • the invention further provides a process for the production of a liquid built detergent composition which comprises neutralising a solution of an alkali metal silicate, such as sodium silicate, to a pH in the range of from about 1.0 to about 7.0 by titration with a tenside containing one or more sulphonic acid groups.
  • an alkali metal silicate such as sodium silicate
  • the invention further relates to a process for the production of a liquid built detergent which comprises neutralising a solution of an alkali metal silicate to a pH in the range of from about 1.0 to about 7.0 in the presence of a tenside thereby to produce a hydrosol of silicic acid stabilised by entanglement with tenside micelles and, either before or after the neutralisation step, incorporating a builder in the composition.
  • neutralisation can be effected by addition of an acid to a solution of an alkali metal silicate that also contains at least one surfactant and in which the builder is thereafter added.
  • neutralisation can be effected by titration of the solution of alkali metal silicate with a tenside containing one or more sulphonic acid groups.
  • a solution having a pH of not more than 7.0 is produced by dissolving in an aqueous medium a tenside containing one or more sulphonic acid groups and an alkali metal tripolyphosphate and a solution of an alkali metal silicate is added thereto.
  • a quaternary ammonium chloride such as a benzalkonium chloride
  • a transparent syrup is produced which is stable and does not precipitate silicic acid even though a mineral acid, such as hydrochloric acid, is used to neutralise the silicate solution.
  • a syrup can be used as a stabilised gel system for supporting, for example, abrasive particles, to form an abrasive preparation such as an oven cleaner.
  • a sodium silicate solution containing a non-ionic surfactant e.g.
  • Synperonic A7 TM was titrated to pH 7.0 to 8.0 using hydrochloric acid. Again, the resulting syrup can be used as a stabilised gel system for suspending finely divided particulate matter such as abrasive parties or builder particles.
  • a stabilised gel system according to the invention comprises a hydrosol of silicic acid stabilised by entanglement with micelles of a tenside. Further evidence for such a structure is provided by electron microscopy studies on a liquid built detergent composition prepared from a stabilised gel system according to the invention.
  • anionic surfactants which can be utilised in the present invention include alkyl benzene sulphonic acids, in which the alkyl group contains from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, for example from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, alkyl sulphonic acids containing from about 10 to about 26 carbon atoms, for example from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, and alpha-olefin sulphonic acids obtained by sulphonation of an alpha-olefin containing, for example from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms, such as a Cig to Cig olefin or a mixture containing same.
  • a surfactant containing a sulphonic acid group there may also be present a sulphated fatty alcohol or a sodium salt thereof;
  • typical sulphated fatty alcohols include those containing from about 10 to about 26 carbon atoms, for example a sulphated fatty alcohol mixture containing C ⁇ Q , C ⁇ / C ⁇ , C ⁇ g and C ⁇ g fatty alcohols.
  • Typical of such a fatty alcohol mixture is one containing alcohols in the following proportions: C ⁇ Q 3.0%, C 12 57.0%, C 14 20.0%, C 16 9.0% and C 18 11.0%.
  • a liquid built detergent composition according to the invention contains from about 2% w/w up to about 30% w/w of anionic surfactant (calculated as sulphonic acid) based upon the total weight of the composition.
  • composition of the invention may further include one or more non-ionic surfactants.
  • Typical non- ionic surfactants include fatty acid monoethanolamides such as coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide, a typical formulation for which is a mixture of monoethanolamides of fatty acids as follows: Cg 0.5%, Cg 6.5%, C 10 6 » 0% , C 12 49.5%, C 14 19.5%, C 16 8.5%, C 18 (stearic) 2.0%, C 18 (oleic) 6.0%, and C ⁇ g (linoleic) 1.5%.
  • non-ionic surfactants include polyoxyalkylene ethers of alkanols, typically polyoxyethylene ethers of alkanols containing from about 6 to about 20 ethylene oxide groups and based upon alkanols containing from about 6 to about 26 carbon atoms.
  • alkanols and alkanol mixtures can be produced by hydrogenation of methyl esters produced by transesterification of naturally occurring vegetable oils such as coconut oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, rape seed oil, and the like, or of animal fats, such as tallow or lard.
  • a typical polyoxyethylene ether of an alkanol is based upon lauryl alcohol condensed with approximately 8 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • the concentration of non-ionic surfactant, if present, in the liquid built detergent composition ranges from about 0.5% w/w up to about 30% w/w based upon the total weight of the composition.
  • ingredients which may be included in the • liquid built detergent composition of the invention include preservatives, optical brighteners, bleaches, fragrances, zeolites, foam depressants, foam boosters and/or stabilisers, soaps, dyes, buffers, corrosion inhibition agents, bleach activators, enzymes, humectants, enzyme stabilisers, and the like.
  • Such minor ingredients do not usually comprise more than about 5% w/w each of the total composition, mostly less than about 1% w/w each of the total composition, and more usually do not together amount to more than about 5% w/w in total based upon the weight of the composition.
  • a builder there can be mentioned in particular sodium tripolyphosphate. Potassium tripolyphosphate can alternatively be used.
  • the pyrophosphates, metaphosphates, orthophosphates, tetraphosphate, phosphonates such as acetonodiphosphonates, aminotrismethylenephosphonates, ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonates, and carbonates of sodium and potassium have also been suggested as builders, as have also zeolites and organic sequestering agents, such as nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and polymeric carboxylic acids and their salts, such as polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid.
  • a typical liquid built detergent composition according to the invention comprises from about 5% w/w up to about 40% w/w based upon the total weight of the composition of a builder or builders.
  • the pH is typically in the range of from about 1.0 to about 8.0, preferably about pH 4.0.
  • a pH increase is often observed.
  • the pH may rise above about 7.0, when starting from a stabilised gel system at a pH of about 4.0; hence the final pH may be as high as about 9.0 or even a little higher.
  • the liquid built detergents of GB-B-2123846 are characterised by the fact that, upon centrifuging at 800 times normal Earth gravity for 17 hours at 25 ⁇ C, these compositions separate into a first, predominantly aqueous, liquid phase, containing dissolved electrolyte, and at least one other phase. It is an advantage of our invention that, if a stabilised gel system is prepared of sufficient strength, then this may be used to prepare a liquid built detergent composition which does not separate into two or more phases upon centrifuging at 800 times normal Earth gravity for 17 hours at 25°C.
  • the liquid built detergent composition if starting from sodium silicate as the precursor for the silicic acid hydrosol, from a mixture of ingredients that includes at least about 3.0% by weight of sodium silicate (or an equivalent amount of another soluble silicate) up to about 8% by weight based upon the total weight of the liquid built detergent composition.
  • sodium silicate or equivalent
  • Example 1 The invention is further illustrated in the following Examples in which all percentages are by weight.
  • Example 1 The invention is further illustrated in the following Examples in which all percentages are by weight.
  • alkylbenzene sulphonic acid or mixture of alkylbenzene sulphonic acids, is dissolved in about twice its own weight of water and added to the sodium silicate which was previously diluted with three times its weight of water. To the resulting transparent syrup, with slow stirring, are added all the other ingredients to produce a shining white, or glossy, pourable syrup which is further diluted with water to give the full batch of product at 100% by weight basis.
  • a suitable alkyl benzene sulphonic acid is dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid.
  • the sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate (e.g. sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate) is twice diluted with water and placed in a pan and to it is added the sodium silicate syrup which can, if desired, be diluted with three volumes of water before addition to the pan.
  • the mixture is slowly stirred and the pH value of the solution reduced to 8.0 by the use of the correct aliquot of the 25% hydrochloric acid. Once the reaction is over, which is about two minutes after the last addition of hydrochloric acid, the remainder of the water is added followed by the addition of the other ingredients in any order. Final adjustment to the required weight is by the last addition of water.
  • a product similar to that of Example 1 is obtained.
  • a liquid built detergent composition is prepared from the following ingredients: Dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid 10.0%
  • the alcohol ethoxylate used in this Example was a polyoxyethylene ether obtained by condensing 7 moles of ethylene oxide with a alcohol.
  • the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is dissolved in water.
  • the coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide is also dissolved in hot water.
  • the dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid is diluted with about twice its own weight of water.
  • the sodium silicate syrup which has previously been diluted with about three times its own weight of water.
  • Sufficient of this diluted sodium silicate syrup is added to give a pH of about 4.0.
  • the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is added, followed by the coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide solution, while continuing to stir.
  • the sodium tripolyphosphate is added with stirring, followed by the other minor ingredients.
  • the composition is diluted to the desired strength with water.
  • the resulting composition is stable and does not separate out into separate layers even after several months storage. Moreover, upon centrifugation at 800g for 17 hours, no separation of phases can be detected. There is no sign of any formation of vesicles or spherulites, nor is there any evidence of any of the surfactant being present as a lamellar liquid crystal or solid hydrate. Hence, upon electron microscopic evaluation of the detergent composition of this Example, the observations recorded were consistent with a largely featureless granular structure with crystals of sodium tripolyphosphate distributed at random.
  • a liquid built detergent composition is produced from the same ingredients as are used in Example 3 except that the addition of the sodium silicate syrup is delayed until after addition of the sodium tripolyphosphate.
  • the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide are each dissolved separately in hot water.
  • the dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid is diluted with about twice its own weight of water.
  • the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and the coconut fatty acid ethanolamide solution are added in turn to the dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid solution with vigorous stirring to yield a solution having a pH of about 7.0 or lower, followed by the other minor ingredients.
  • the sodium silicate syrup which has previously been diluted with twice its own weight of water, is added whilst continuing to stir vigorously. Finally the composition is diluted with water to the desired strength.
  • the resulting liquid built detergent composition is similar to that of Example 3 except that it exhibits initially a somewhat lower viscosity. It does not separate into layers upon centrifugation at 800 g for 17 hours. It does not show any indication that any spherulites or vesicles are present, nor is there any evidence of any of the surfactant being present in the form of a lamellar liquid crystal or solid hydrate. Moreover, the results of electron microscopy evaluation indicate that the liquid built detergent composition of this Example has a largely featureless granular structure with randomly distributed crystals of sodium tripolyphosphate.
  • a soft anionic gel or syrup can be loaded with fine abrasive and used as an oven, or hard surface, cleaner.
  • the invention is not restricted, in its application, to pourable gel systems in heavy duty laundry detergents.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Système de gel stabilisé destiné à retenir la matière particulaire finement divisée en suspension comprenant un hydrosol d'acide silicique stabilisé par mélange avec les micelles d'un dérivé tensio-actif. Ledit sustème de gel stabilisé peut être utilisé comme base pour une composition détergente liquide ou pour une préparation abrasive.
PCT/GB1991/000052 1990-01-15 1991-01-15 Systeme de gel stabilise et production de ce gel WO1991010720A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91902313A EP0511261B1 (fr) 1990-01-15 1991-01-15 Systeme de gel stabilise et production de ce gel
CA002073759A CA2073759C (fr) 1990-01-15 1991-01-15 Compositions de detersif liquide et procede de fabrication
DE69126660T DE69126660T2 (de) 1990-01-15 1991-01-15 Stabilisiertes gelsystem und dessen herstellung
US08/132,662 US5601749A (en) 1990-01-15 1993-10-06 Stabilised gel system and production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909000833A GB9000833D0 (en) 1990-01-15 1990-01-15 Detergent and production thereof
GB9000833.5 1990-01-15
GB9024563.0 1990-11-12
GB909024563A GB9024563D0 (en) 1990-11-12 1990-11-12 Stabilised gel system and production thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991010720A1 true WO1991010720A1 (fr) 1991-07-25

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ID=26296501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1991/000052 WO1991010720A1 (fr) 1990-01-15 1991-01-15 Systeme de gel stabilise et production de ce gel

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0511261B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE154827T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7178991A (fr)
CA (1) CA2073759C (fr)
DE (1) DE69126660T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2102392T3 (fr)
IE (1) IE910108A1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ236770A (fr)
PT (1) PT96485B (fr)
WO (1) WO1991010720A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001087361A2 (fr) * 2000-05-16 2001-11-22 The Dial Corporation Desodorisant sous forme de gel et son procede de fabrication
EP1333914A1 (fr) * 2000-10-10 2003-08-13 Cognis Corporation Systeme tensioactif destine a ameliorer le conditionnement de gels desodorisants

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920045A (en) * 1955-09-06 1960-01-05 Colgate Palmolive Co Heavy duty liquid detergent compositions
US3708428A (en) * 1968-01-24 1973-01-02 L Mcdonald Detergent compositions containing silica colloids
US3709823A (en) * 1970-06-16 1973-01-09 Mizusawa Industrial Chem Method of manufacturing highly viscous,acidic base materials for detergents
US4561993A (en) * 1982-08-16 1985-12-31 The Clorox Company Thixotropic acid-abrasive cleaner
EP0191372A1 (fr) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-20 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Concentrés d'agents actifs pour alcalines de nettoyage à deux composants, méthode pour leur fabrication et leur utilisation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920045A (en) * 1955-09-06 1960-01-05 Colgate Palmolive Co Heavy duty liquid detergent compositions
US3708428A (en) * 1968-01-24 1973-01-02 L Mcdonald Detergent compositions containing silica colloids
US3899447A (en) * 1968-01-24 1975-08-12 Louis Mcdonald Detergent compositions containing silica colloids
US3709823A (en) * 1970-06-16 1973-01-09 Mizusawa Industrial Chem Method of manufacturing highly viscous,acidic base materials for detergents
US4561993A (en) * 1982-08-16 1985-12-31 The Clorox Company Thixotropic acid-abrasive cleaner
EP0191372A1 (fr) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-20 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Concentrés d'agents actifs pour alcalines de nettoyage à deux composants, méthode pour leur fabrication et leur utilisation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001087361A2 (fr) * 2000-05-16 2001-11-22 The Dial Corporation Desodorisant sous forme de gel et son procede de fabrication
WO2001087361A3 (fr) * 2000-05-16 2002-05-23 Dial Corp Desodorisant sous forme de gel et son procede de fabrication
EP1333914A1 (fr) * 2000-10-10 2003-08-13 Cognis Corporation Systeme tensioactif destine a ameliorer le conditionnement de gels desodorisants
EP1333914A4 (fr) * 2000-10-10 2004-11-24 Cognis Corp Systeme tensioactif destine a ameliorer le conditionnement de gels desodorisants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NZ236770A (en) 1993-12-23
DE69126660T2 (de) 1997-10-23
ATE154827T1 (de) 1997-07-15
CA2073759A1 (fr) 1991-07-16
PT96485A (pt) 1991-10-31
PT96485B (pt) 1998-08-31
EP0511261A1 (fr) 1992-11-04
ES2102392T3 (es) 1997-08-01
IE910108A1 (en) 1991-07-17
CA2073759C (fr) 2001-07-03
AU7178991A (en) 1991-08-05
DE69126660D1 (de) 1997-07-31
EP0511261B1 (fr) 1997-06-25

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