WO1991007589A1

WO1991007589A1 - Temperature difference heat engine

Info

Publication number: WO1991007589A1
Application number: PCT/JP1990/001459
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yasubumi Furuya
Original assignee: Yasubumi Furuya
Priority date: 1989-11-09
Filing date: 1990-11-09
Publication date: 1991-05-30
Also published as: JPH0368573U

Abstract

A temperature difference heat engine to be used as a power source for marine temperature difference power generation, pumping-up of eutrophied seawater, and digging of submarine resources, which utilizes thermomechanical solid phase transformation of a shape memory alloy. This engine is composed of an engine body (1) and a heat conductive medium (2), in which the engine body comprises a belt-like body (6) made of a shape memory alloy and passed around pulleys (3), (4), and (5) respectively positioned at three apexes (A), (B) and (C) of a right triangular base frame. The heat conductive medium is constituted of liquid or gas having a certain temperature gradient in the vertical direction. The engine body is attitude-controlled so that the whole or a part of one of the sides forming the right angle of the right-triangular belt-like body extends in approximately vertical direction in the heat conductive medium, whereby reversible elongation and contraction resulting from thermomechanical solid phase transformation are repeatedly applied to the belt-like body at portions between pulleys and thus rotational driving power can be generated in the belt-like body.

Description

Satsuki Itoda

Temperature difference heat engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a temperature difference heat engine utilizing thermomechanical solid-state transformation of a shape memory alloy. It is suitable for power supply and material transportation from the sea floor. Background art

There have been several proposals for heat engines using shape memory alloys, such as crank type, swash plate type, turbine type and swash plate type. The crank type of the first example is proposed by Guinel (Gine 1), and as shown in FIG. 3, it has a ring-shaped body having a fixed shaft at the center and a ring-shaped body fixed to the fixed shaft. A crank having an eccentric shaft, a rotating solid body rotatably supported by a bearing on the eccentric shaft of the crank, and a shape memory alloy (Ti) radially between the rotating petal body and the ring-shaped body. This is related to the combination of the engine body with a coil made of Ni alloy) and hot water, and is called an offset crank engine.

The turbine engine of the second example was proposed by Honma et al., And as shown in Fig. 4, two pulleys having different diameters are arranged at a predetermined interval, and are arranged. Apply hot water to one side of the shape memory alloy cable between the two pulleys, and apply cold water to the other side to partially heat the shape memory alloy cable. The mechanical solid-phase transformation is caused to rotate the cord. In the third example, as shown in Fig. 5, a plurality of shape memory alloy coils are connected between two disks that are spaced apart from each other. By setting the heating range and the cooling range in advance, the disk is tilted using the expansion and contraction of the shape memory alloy coil by thermomechanical solid state transformation, and the heating range and the cooling range are rotated. This is an inclined engine that rotates in the direction of inclination of the inclined plate. Each of these has a large rotating disk in the portion that converts the expansion and contraction force of the shape memory alloy into rotational power.

As described above, since all conventional heat engines using shape memory alloys have large rotating disks, the actual production becomes large and the equipment weight increases. It is also susceptible to outdoor applications such as temperature, wind, rain, snow, etc. for outdoor applications. In addition, large disks have the disadvantage that the power from the outside world against rotation is large and the power efficiency is reduced accordingly. In particular, considering the application to marine development, the heat engine using the conventional shape memory alloy has a large resistance to seawater against rotation of a large disk, and a drastic decrease in engine output cannot be avoided.

The present invention provides a temperature difference heat engine using a novel shape memory alloy that can reduce the drawbacks of the conventional large pulley rotary type shape memory alloy engine as described above and obtain high efficiency and large power. It will not be provided.

Disclosure of the invention

The present invention has the following means to solve the above problems.

The present invention includes an engine body and a heat transfer medium. The engine body has a pulley disposed at each vertex position of a right triangle of a base frame, and a shape memory alloy belt-like body is wrapped between the respective pulleys in a substantially right triangle. The heat transfer medium is made of a liquid or gas having a certain temperature difference in the vertical direction. Moreover, the institution new paper The main body is positioned so that all or part of one side of the belt-shaped body wrapped in a right-angled triangle with respect to the heat transfer medium is placed almost vertically in the heat transfer medium. Things. Then, the belt-shaped body undergoes thermomechanical solid-phase transformation in a heat transfer medium having a temperature difference in the vertical direction, and the belt-shaped body repeatedly undergoes reversible expansion and contraction between the pulleys. A temperature difference heat engine characterized in that a rotational driving force is generated in a belt-shaped body.

The positions of the respective vertices of the right triangle of the pulley provided on the base frame are movable so that the shape and angle of the right triangle formed by the shape memory alloy belt can be adjusted. The temperature difference heat engine is characterized in that the rotational driving force can be controlled by this.

Further, there is provided a temperature difference heat engine, wherein the shape memory alloy belt-shaped body is formed in a wire shape, a flat belt shape, or a coil shape.

As shown in FIG. 1, the principle of operation of the present invention is as follows: a heat transfer medium having a temperature difference, a vertical direction AC of a right-angled triangular belt-like body and a hatched direction BC forming an angle of 0 with the shape of the BC piece. Due to the difference between the vertical component of the memory alloy material and the vertical component of iSllSl, F = lal- Ial-cos Θ causes the boogie to rotate in the upward (C-A-B) direction and generate power.

In addition, the positions of the vertices of the right triangle of the pulley provided on the base frame can be freely moved, and the shape and angle 直 of the right triangle formed by the shape-memory alloy belt can be freely adjusted. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotational driving force ΔF r can be adjusted and controlled.

According to the present invention, as described above, the belt-like body undergoes thermomechanical solid-phase transformation in a heat transfer medium having a temperature difference in the vertical direction, and reversibly expands and contracts the belt-like body between the boogies. The new paper is driven by a belt Since it generates power, there is no need for an electric motor, a circulation device, or a hydraulic device as in the past. Therefore, the configuration of the entire engine and the operation system itself can be greatly simplified, and energy loss and failure of the entire system can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a temperature difference heat engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the principle of operation, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 are shape memories conventionally proposed. It is a schematic diagram of a temperature difference heat engine using an alloy. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be described in detail based on examples. ′ As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention relates to a combination of an engine body 1 and a heat transfer medium 2. The engine body 1 is provided with pulleys 3, 4, and 5 at the respective vertex positions A, B, and C of the right-angled triangle of the base frame, and a shape memory alloy made between the pulleys 3, 4, and 5 is provided. The belt-like body 6 is wound around a substantially right triangle.

The base frame 9 in the illustrated embodiment is a frame 9a in which the shaft cores 3A and 4B of the pulleys 3, 4, and 5 disposed at the vertices A, B, and C of the right triangle are connected. And a frame 9b connecting the shaft cores 3A and 5C. The frame 9a and the frame 9b are configured such that the length of the frames 9a and 9b can be adjusted. Have been. However, the base frame 9 is not limited to the frame structure having the shape as shown in the illustrated embodiment, and the boogies 3, 4, and 5 can be disposed and maintained at each vertex position ABC of the right triangle. Any structure may be used as long as it has such a structure.

The belt-shaped body 6 made of the shape memory alloy may be any of a wire, a flat belt, a coil, etc., but a new paper wound around the pulleys 3, 4, and 5 At this time, the tension may be adjusted, and the configuration may be such that the shape recovery force Fr of the shape memory alloy material due to the temperature difference in the vertical direction is taken out as the rotational power of the heat engine.

Next, the heat transfer medium 2 is made of a liquid or a gas having a certain temperature difference in the vertical direction. Here, the liquid may be water, seawater, a chemical solution, or any other solution. In addition, the gas does not need to be particularly limited to air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and other gases. In particular, in the case of ocean development where the application of the present invention is expected, the temperature difference in the vertical direction in the sea is, for example, 5 ° C in deep sea but 25 in shallow place. The sea is sufficient as the heat transfer medium of the present invention. The constant temperature difference in the vertical direction in the heat transfer medium 2 is naturally generated by the increase and decrease of the energy in the natural world, even if the temperature difference is added by adding or subtracting artificial energy. May be used.

Next, the relationship between the engine body 1 and the heat transfer medium 2, which are the constituent elements, will be described. In the illustrated embodiment, the belt-shaped body 6 wrapped around the right-angled triangle 6 has one side AC across the right angle. It is arranged with its attitude controlled so that it is almost vertical in the sea, part of which is the heat transfer medium 2. Specifically, floats 7a and 7b are provided at the pulleys 3 and 4 so that the pulleys 3 and 4 and the side AB sandwiching the right angle of the belt 6 are floating on the sea. None, the bully 5 is provided with a deuteron 8 at the part, so that the part sinks. As a result, the attitude is controlled so that the side A C of the right triangle is almost vertical in the sea. It should be noted that the pulley 5 may be lowered by a fixing device (not shown) installed on the sea floor instead of the weight 8 so that the bully 5 may sink. As described above, the method of controlling the attitude of the engine main body 1 with respect to the heat transfer medium 2 is not limited to the case of the above-described embodiment, but may be the underwater rock wall, the strut, the tower, and the other underwater.

For It may be mounted on a building, mounted on a floating structure in the sea or under the sea, or may be controlled by controlling the attitude of the engine body 1 itself. Thus, in the heat transfer medium 2 having a certain temperature difference in the engine body 1 in the vertical direction, all or a part of one side of the belt-like body 6 wrapped around the right-angled triangle is sandwiched. When the belt-like body 6 is arranged with its posture controlled so as to be almost vertical in the heat transfer medium 2, the thermomechanical solid phase transformation occurs in the heat transfer medium 2 having a temperature difference in the vertical direction, and the pulley This causes the belt-shaped body to repeat reversible expansion and contraction, whereby the belt-shaped body 6 can generate a rotational driving force.

Here, to arrange the belt-shaped body 6 in such a manner that the whole or a part of one side of the belt-shaped body 6 sandwiching the right angle is controlled to be substantially vertical in the heat transfer medium 2 means that the belt-shaped body 6 is in the heat transfer medium 2. This indicates that the state may be completely buried or partially buried. Furthermore, in the heat transfer medium 2 having a certain temperature difference in the vertical direction, not only one of the liquid system or the gas system but also a system extending over both systems, or the same system Even in this case, those in which the component systems are in different layer states are included.

Next, when considering the rotational driving force F in the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.

F = I "a I-I b * I-

I f I = I ~ a I co se

F = I ^ I (1-C 0 S Θ)

For example, if the angle of 0 changes, the rotational driving force F changes as follows.

Θ = 30. F = 0. 1 3 4 | "a |

Θ = 4 5. F = 0. 2 9 3 I "a I

θ = 60. F = 0 .5 0 I "a I

Therefore, each vertex position of the right triangle of the pulley provided on the base frame body 'If the shape and angle of the right triangle formed by the shape memory alloy belt can be adjusted freely by making it movable, it is possible to control the rotation driving force.

It should be noted that the shape memory alloy material may be appropriately selected depending on its use and purpose of use, and is not limited here. Therefore, for example, when the present invention is applied to the marine development field, it is preferable to select a nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti-based) shape memory alloy in consideration of strength, corrosion resistance, and water pressure resistance. Becomes According to the present invention, as described above, the belt-shaped body undergoes thermomechanical solid-phase transformation in a heat transfer medium having a temperature difference in the vertical direction, and the belt-shaped body repeatedly undergoes reversible expansion and contraction between pulleys. As a result, the belt-shaped body generates rotational driving power, so that it can be applied in various industrial fields as a heat engine that does not require an electric motor, a circulation device, or a hydraulic device as in the past. It is possible.

There are advantages in that the configuration of the entire engine and the operation system itself can be greatly simplified, and energy loss and failures in the entire system can be reduced.

Therefore, the present invention is particularly applicable to a constant water temperature of about 2 Ot: between ocean surface warm water (20 to 25) and 500 m below sea level; 100 m cold water (5 to 10). This is suitable for the case where power generation is performed using the temperature difference. It can also be used for pumping eutrophic seawater and for efficient artificial culture and fisheries, or as a power source for submarine work and mobile equipment (robots), and for transporting and transferring minerals and other substances from the seabed. It is expected to have a wide range of applications in marine development, such as the application of seawater, mining of marine minerals, and mining. New paper

Claims

Scope of demand

(1) At each apex position of the right triangle of the base frame, a plies are arranged, and a belt made of a shape memory alloy is wrapped between the respective plies in a substantially right-angled triangular shape. And a heat transfer medium made of a liquid or a gas having a certain temperature difference in the vertical direction, and the engine body is wound around the heat transfer medium in a right triangle shape. The belt-shaped body is placed in a heat transfer medium having a temperature difference in the vertical direction, with the posture controlled so that all or part of one side across the right angle of the body is almost vertical in the heat transfer medium. The thermo-mechanical solid-phase transformation causes reversible expansion and contraction of the belt between the plastics, thereby producing a rotational driving force on the belt. Characterized by a temperature difference heat machine

(2) The positions of the vertices of the right triangle of the pulley provided on the base frame can be freely moved, and the shape and angle of the right triangle formed by the shape memory alloy belt can be freely adjusted. 2. The temperature difference heat engine according to claim 1, wherein the rotational driving force can be controlled.

(3) The temperature difference heat engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape memory alloy belt-shaped member is formed in a wire shape, a flat belt shape, or a coil shape.