WO1991007523A1 - Compositions assimiless aux azeotropes de 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, un alcane mono- ou di-chlore c1,c2 ou c3 et eventuellement methanol - Google Patents

Compositions assimiless aux azeotropes de 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, un alcane mono- ou di-chlore c1,c2 ou c3 et eventuellement methanol Download PDF

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WO1991007523A1
WO1991007523A1 PCT/US1990/004333 US9004333W WO9107523A1 WO 1991007523 A1 WO1991007523 A1 WO 1991007523A1 US 9004333 W US9004333 W US 9004333W WO 9107523 A1 WO9107523 A1 WO 9107523A1
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Prior art keywords
weight percent
dichloro
compositions
azeotrope
fluoroethane
Prior art date
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PCT/US1990/004333
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English (en)
Inventor
Ellen Louise Swan
Peter Brian Logsdon
Leonard Michael Stachura
Rajat Subhra Basu
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Allied-Signal Inc.
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Priority claimed from US07/435,923 external-priority patent/US5024781A/en
Priority claimed from US07/435,842 external-priority patent/US4960535A/en
Priority claimed from US07/455,709 external-priority patent/US5026501A/en
Application filed by Allied-Signal Inc. filed Critical Allied-Signal Inc.
Publication of WO1991007523A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991007523A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C23G5/02809—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine
    • C23G5/02825—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine containing hydrogen
    • C23G5/02829—Ethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50—Solvents
    • C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/504—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents all solvents being halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C11D7/5059—Mixtures containing (hydro)chlorocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50—Solvents
    • C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/5068—Mixtures of halogenated and non-halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/5077—Mixtures of only oxygen-containing solvents
    • C11D7/5081—Mixtures of only oxygen-containing solvents the oxygen-containing solvents being alcohols only

Definitions

  • No.: 4,863,630 discloses azeotrope-like mixtures of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane and ethanol.
  • Fluorocarbon based solvents have been used extensively for the degreasing and otherwise cleaning of solid surfaces, especially intricate parts and difficult to remove soils.
  • vapor degreasing or solvent cleaning consists of exposing a room temperature object to be cleaned to the vapors of a boiling solvent. Vapors condensing on the object provide clean distilled solvent to wash away grease or other contaminants. Final evaporation of solvent from the object leaves the object free of residue. This is contrasted with liquid solvents which leave deposits on the object after rinsing.
  • Cold cleaning is another application where a 0 number of solvents are used. In most cold cleaning applications the soiled part is either immersed in the fluid or wiped with cloths soaked in solvents and allowed to air dry.
  • Trichlorotrifluoro ⁇ ethane has been found to have satisfactory solvent power for greases, oils, waxes and the like. It has therefore found widespread use for cleaning electric motors, compressors, heavy metal parts, delicate precision metal parts, printed circuit boards, gyroscopes, guidance systems, aerospace and missile hardware, aluminum parts, etc.
  • azeotropic compositions having fluorocarbon components bacause the fluorocarbon components contribute additionally desired characteristics, like polar functionality, increased solvency power, and stabilizers.
  • Azeotropic compositions are desired because they do not fractionate upon boiling. This behavior is desirable because in the previously described vapor degreasing equipment with which these solvents are employed, redistilled material is generated for final rinse-cleaning. Thus, the vapor degreasing system acts as a still. Therefore, unless the solvent composition is essentially constant boiling, fractionation will occur and undesirable solvent distribution may act to upset the cleaning and safety of processing.
  • preferential evaporation of the more volatile components of the solvent mixtures would result in mixtures with changed compositions which may have less desirable properties, such as lower solvency towards soils, less inertness towards metal, plastic or elastomer components, and increased flammability and toxicity.
  • hydrochlorofluoro- carbons like 1, 1-dichloro-l- fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and dichlorotrifluoroethane (HCFC-123 or HCFC-123a) , have a much lower ozone depletion potential and global warming potential than the fully halogenated species.
  • azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b), dichlorotrifluoroethane, a mono- or di-chlorinated C, , C_ or C_ alkane and optionally methanol.
  • Dichlorotrifluoroethane exists in three isomeric forms, 1,l-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123), l,2-dichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a), and l,l-dichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123b) .
  • dichlorotrifluoroethane will refer only to the HCFC-123 and HCFC-123a isomers. Each of these isomers exhibits the properties of the invention. Hence either isomer may be used as well as mixtures of the isomers in any proportion.
  • chlorinated alkane component is a mono-chlorinated propane
  • isomer or a mixture of the isomers may be used in any proportion.
  • HCFC-141b has a low ozone depletion potential.
  • HCFC-123 has a still lower ozone depletion potential.
  • HCFC-141b and HCFC-123 also suppress the flammablility of the chlorinated alkane component when used in effective amounts.
  • Methanol and the chlorinated alkane component exhibit superior solvent properties.
  • novel, environmentally acceptable, nonflammable, azeotrope- like cleaning solvents result.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 25 to about 99 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 72 weight 0 percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, and from about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent 1-chloropropane and boil at about 31.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 63 to about 99 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 35 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, and from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent 1-chloropropane and boil at about 31.9°C at 760 mm Hg,
  • HCFC-141b 25 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 32 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane and from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent 1-chloropropane and which boil at about 31.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope- like compositions comprise from about 67 to about 99 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 32 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane and from about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent of 1-chloropro ⁇ ane and
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 25 to about 99 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 70 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, and from about 0.25 to about 5 weight percent 2-chloropropane and boil at about 31.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 60 to about 99 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 35 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, and , ⁇ from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent 2-chloro ⁇ propane and boil at about 31.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope- like compositions of the invention comprise from about 70 to about 87 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 12 to about 28 weight percent dichlorotrifluoro ⁇ 0 ethane, and from about 0.4 to about 2 weight percent 2-chloropropane and boil at about 31.9°C at 760 mm Hg,
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 63 to about 99 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 35 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, and from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent 1,1-dichloro ⁇ ethane and boil at about 31.4°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 69 to about 97 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 3 to about 30 weight percent dichloro ⁇ trifluoroethane, and from about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent 1, 1-dichloroethane and boil at about 31.4°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions comprise from about 25 to about 98 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 67 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, from about 0.5 to about 4 weight percent 2-chloropropane and from about 1 to about 4 weight percent methanol.
  • the azeotrope- like compositions of the invention comprise from c about 57 to about 97 weight percent of HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 35 weight percent of dichlorotrifluoroethane, from about 0.5 to about 4 weight percent of 2-chloropropane and from about 1 to about 4 weight percent methanol and boil at about 0 30.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention 5 comprise from about 62 to about 95 weight percent of HCFC-141b, from about 2 to about 31 weight percent of dichlorotrifluoroethane, from about 1 to about 3 weight percent of 2-chloropropane, and from about 2 to about 4 weight percent methanol and boil at about 30.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 63 to about 92 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 5 to about 30 weight percent of dichlorotrifluoroethane, from about 2 to about 4 weight percent of methanol, and from about 1 to about 3 weight percent of 2-chloropropane and boil at about 30.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions comprise from about 25 to about 98 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 69 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent 1-chloropropane and from about 1 to about 4 weight ppeerrcceenntt imrnethanol and boil at about 30.9 C at 760 mm Hg
  • the azeotrope- like compositions of the invention comprise from about 59 to about 98 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 35 weight percent dichlorotri- fluoroethane, from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent 1-chloropropane, and from about 1 to about 4 weight percent methanol and boil at about 30.9°C at 760 mm Hg .
  • the azeotrope-like compositions comprise from about 63 to about 96 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 2 to about 31 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, from about 0.2 to about 2 weight percent 1-chloropropane and from about 2 to about 4 weight percent methanol and boil at about 30.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions comprise from about 65 to about 92 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 5.0 to about 30.0 weight percent dichlorotri- fluoroethane, from about 0.2 to about 1 weight percent 1-chloropropane, and from about 2 to about 4 weight percent methanol and boil at about 30.9°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 25 to about 98 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 66 weight percent dichlorotri- fluoroethane, from about 0.1 to about 3 weight c percent 1,1-dichloroethane and from about 1 to about 6 weight percent methanol and boil at about 29.8°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope- like compositions of the invention comprise from about 55 to about 98 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 1 to about 37 weight percent dichlorotri- fluoroethane, from about 0.1 to about 2 weight .. percent 1,1-dichloroethane and from about 1 to about
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 59 to about 96 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 2 to about 33 weight percent dichlorotri- fluoroethane, from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent 1,1-dichloroethane and from about 2 to about 6 weight percent methanol and boil at about 29.8°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions comprise from about 62 to about 93 weight percent HCFC-141b, from about 5 to about 30 weight percent dichlorotrifluoroethane, from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent 1,1-dichloro ⁇ ethane and from about 2 to about 6 weight percent methanol and boil at about 29.8°C at 760 mm Hg.
  • the azeotrope- 5 like compositions of the invention preferably comprise 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; 1,1-dichloro- 2,2,2-trifluoroethane; and dichloromethane and boil at about 31.8°C ⁇ about 0.4°C at 760 mm Hg (101 kPa) .
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 55 to about 98.5 weight percent of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; from about 1 j r to about 41 weight percent of 1,l-dichloro-2,2,2- trifluoroethane; and from about 0.5 to about 4 weight percent of dichloromethane and boil at about 31.8°C at 760 mm Hg (101 kPa) .
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 62 to about 98.5 weight percent of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; from about 1 2 _ to about 35 weight percent of 1,l-dichloro-2,2,2- trifluoroethane; and from about 0.5 to about 3 weight percent of dichloromethane.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 65.5 to about 98.5 weight percent of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; from about 1 to about 32 weight percent of 1,l-dichloro- 2,2,2-trifluoroethane; and from about 0.5 to about
  • compositional ranges for azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; 1,l-dichloro-2,2,2- trifluoroethane; and dichloromethane also apply to azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-l- fluoroethane; 1,2-dichloro-l,1,2-trifluoroethane; and dichloromethane.
  • 1,l-dichloro- 2,2,2-trifluoroethane is so close to the boiling point of 1,2-dichloro-l,1,2-trifluoroethane, it is also believed that azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; a mixture of 1,1- dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and 1,2-dichloro- 1,1,2-trifluoroethane; and dichloromethane would form.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 55 to about 98.5 weight percent of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; from about 1 to about 21 weight percent of 1,l-dichloro2,2,2-trifluoroethane; from about 1 to about 20 weight percent of 1,2-dichloro-l,1,2-trifluoroethane; and from about 0.5 to about 4 weight percent of dichloromethane.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions comprise from about 62 to about 98.5 weight percent of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; from about 1 to about 21 5 weight percent of 1,l-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane; from about 1 to about 20 weight percent of 1,2-dichloro-l,1,2-trifluoroethane; and from about 0.5 to about 3 weight percent of dichloromethane.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention comprise from about 65.5 to about 98.5 , c weight percent of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; from about 1 to about 21 weight percent of 1,l-dichloro- 2,2,2-trifluoroethane; from about 1 to about 20 weight percent of 1,2-dichloro-l,1,2-trifluoroethane; and from about 0.5 to about 2.5 weight percent of dichloromethane.
  • compositions of the invention containing a mixture of HCFC-123 and HCFC-123a behave like azeotropic compositions because the separate ternary
  • 25 azeotrope-like compositions containing HCFC-123 and HCFC-123a have boiling points so close to one another that they are indistinguishable for practical purposes.
  • active solvents like lower alkanols in combination with certain halocarbons such as trichlorotrifluoro ⁇ ethane, may have the undesirable result of attacking reactive metals such as zinc and aluminum, as well as certain aluminum alloys and chromate coatings such as
  • thermodynamic state of a fluid is defined by four variables: pressure, temperature, liquid composition and vapor composition, or P-T-X-Y, respectively.
  • An azeotrope 0 is a unique characteristic of a system of two or more components where X and Y are equal at the stated P and T. In practice, this means that the components of a mixture cannot be separated during distillation, and therefore are useful in vapor phase solvent cleaning as described above. 5
  • azeotrope-like composition is intended to mean that the composition behaves like a true azeotrope in terms of its constant boiling characteristics or tendency not to fractionate upon boiling or evaporation. Such compositions may or may not be a true azeotrope.
  • the composition of the vapor formed during boiling or evaporation is identical or substantially identical to the original liquid composition.
  • the liquid composition if it changes at all, changes only minimally. This is contrasted with non-azeotrope-like compositions in which the liquid composition changes substantially during boiling or evaporation.
  • one way to determine whether a candidate mixture is "azeotrope-like" within the meaning of this invention is to distill a sample thereof under conditions (i.e. resolution - number of plates) which would be expected to separate the mixture into its components. If the mixture is non-azeotropic or non-azeotrope-like, the mixture will fractionate, i.e. separate into its various components with the lowest boiling component distilling off first, etc.
  • the mixture is azeotrope-like, some finite amount of a first distillation cut will be obtained which contains all of the mixture components and which is constant boiling or behaves as a single substance. This phenomenon cannot occur if the mixture is not azeotrope-like i.e., it is not part of an azeotropic system. If the degree of fractionation of the candidate mixture is unduly great, then a composition closer to the true azeotrope must be selected to minimize fractionation. Of course, upon distillation of an azeotrope-like composition such as in a vapor degreaser, the true azeotrope will form and tend to concentrate.
  • azeotrope-like As an example, it is well known that at different pressures, the composition of a given azeotrope will vary at least slightly as will the boiling point of • j c the composition. Thus, an azeotrope of A and B represents a unique type of relationship but with a variable composition depending on temperature and/or pressure. Accordingly, another way of defining azeotrope-like within the meaning of this invention
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention may be used to clean solid surfaces by treating the surfaces with said compositions in any manner well 0 known in the art such as by dipping or spraying or use of conventional degreasing apparatus.
  • the 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane, dichlorotri- fluoroethane, methanol, 1,1-dichloroethane, 5 1-chloropro ⁇ ane, 2-chloropropane and dichloromethane components of the invention are known materials. Preferably they should be used in sufficiently high purity so as to avoid the introduction of adverse influences upon the solvency properties or constant boiling properties of the system.
  • compositions may include additional components so as to form new azeotrope-like or constant-boiling compositions. Any such compositions are considered to be within the scope of the present invention as long as the compositions are constant-boiling or essentially constant-boiling and contain all of the essential components described herein.
  • This set of examples further confirms the existence of the azeotropes between HCFC-141b,
  • HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a and 2-chloropropane are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 1-3.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a, and 2-chloropropane form a constant boiling mixture.
  • This set of examples further confirms the existence of azeotropes between HCFC-141b, HCFC-123 and 1-chloropropane via the method of distillation. They also illustrate that these mixtures do not fractionate during distillation.
  • Examples 10-13 were performed under the same conditions outlined in Examples 1-3 above.
  • Examples 10-13 illustrate that HCFC-141b, HCFC-123 and 1-chloropropane form a constant boiling mixture.
  • HCFC-141b The azeotropic properties of HCFC-141b, 5 HCFC-123a and 1-chloropropane are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 1-3 above.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a, and 1-chloropropane form a constant boiling mixture. 0
  • HCFC-141b azeotropic properties of HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123 and 123a, and 1-chloropropane are • jc studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 1-3 above.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123/123a, and 1-chloropropane form a constant boiling mixture.
  • Example 22 illustrates that HCFC-141b, HCFC-123 and 1,1-dichloroethane form a constant boiling mixture
  • HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a and 1,1-dichloroethane are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 1-3 above.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a and 1,1-dichloroethane form a constant boiling mixture.
  • a 5-plate Oldershaw distillation column with a cold water condensed automatic liquid dividing head was used for these examples.
  • the -, £ - distillation column was charged with approximately 350 grams of a mixture of HCFC-141b, HCFC-123, 1-chloro ⁇ propane, and methanol which were heated under total reflux for about an hour to ensure equilibration.
  • a reflux ratio of 3:1 was employed for this particular distillation. Approximately 50 percent of the
  • Examples 25-27 illustrate that HCFC-141b, HCFC-123, 1-chloropropane and methanol form a constant boiling mixture.
  • HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a, 1-chloro ⁇ ropane and methanol are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 25-27.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a, 1-chloropropane and methanol form a constant boiling mixture.
  • HCFC-141b The azeotropic properties of HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123 and 123a, 1-chloropropane, and methanol are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 25-27.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123 and 123a, 1-chloropropane, and methanol form a constant boiling mixture.
  • Examples 34-36 were performed under the same conditions outlined in Examples 25-27 above.
  • Examples 34-36 illustrate that HCFC-141b, HCFC-123, 2-chloropropane and methanol form a constant boiling mixture.
  • HCFC-123a, 2-chloropropane and methanol are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 25-27.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, HCFC-123a, methanol and 2-chloropropane form a constant boiling mixture.
  • HCFC-141b The azeotropic properties of HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123 and 123a, 2-chloropropane and methanol are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 25-27.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123 and 123a, methanol, and 2-chloropropane form a constant boiling mixture.
  • This set of examples further confirms the existence of azeotropes between 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoro ⁇ ethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, methanol and 1,1-di ⁇ chloroethane via the method of distillation.
  • Examples 43-45 were performed under the same conditions outlined in Examples 25-27 above except that the reflux ratio in the distillation was kept at 5:1.
  • Examples 43-45 illustrate that HCFC-141b, HCFC-123, 1,1-dichloroethane and methanol form a constant boiling mixture.
  • HCFC-141b The azeotropic properties of HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123/123a, 1,1-dichloroethane and methanol are studied by repeating the experiment outlined in Examples 25-27 above.
  • the results obtained are substantially the same as those for HCFC-123, i.e., HCFC-141b, a mixture of HCFC-123/123a, methanol and 1-1-dichloroethane form a constant boiling mixture.
  • a 5-plate Oldershaw distillation column with a cold water condensed automatic liquid dividing head was used for these examples.
  • the distillation column was charged with HCFC-141b, commercially available ultra-pure HCFC-123,- and dichloromethane in the amounts indicated in Table I below for the starting material.
  • Each composition was heated under total reflux for about an hour to ensure equilibration.
  • a reflux ratio of 3:1 was employed for these particular distillations.
  • Approximately 50 percent of the original charges were collected in four similar-sized overhead fractions.
  • the compositions of these fractions were analyzed using gas chromatography. The averages of the distillate fractions and the overhead temperatures are quite constant within the uncertainty associated with determining the compositions, indicating that the mixtures are constant-boiling or azeotrope-like.
  • Example 1 is repeated except that 1,2-dichloro- 1,1,2-trifluoroethane is used instead of 1,l-dichloro- 2,2,2-trifluoroethane.
  • Example 1 is repeated except that a mixture of 1,l-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and 1,2-dichloro-l,1,2- trifluoroethane is used instead of 1,l-dichloro-2,2,2- trifluoroethane.

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Abstract

Compositions stables assimilées aux azéotropes comprenant 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroéthane, dichlorotriflkuoroéthane, un alcane mono- ou dichloré C1, C2 ou C3 et éventuellement méthanol qui sont utiles pour une variété d'applications en nettoyage industriel.
PCT/US1990/004333 1989-11-13 1990-08-02 Compositions assimiless aux azeotropes de 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, un alcane mono- ou di-chlore c1,c2 ou c3 et eventuellement methanol WO1991007523A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US435,842 1989-11-13
US435,923 1989-11-13
US07/435,923 US5024781A (en) 1989-11-13 1989-11-13 Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, methanol and a mono- or di-chlorinated C2 or C3 alkane
US07/435,842 US4960535A (en) 1989-11-13 1989-11-13 Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane and a mono- or di-chlorinated C2 or C3 alkane
US455,709 1989-12-22
US07/455,709 US5026501A (en) 1989-12-22 1989-12-22 Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; dichlorotrifluoroethane; and dichloromethane

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WO1993002228A1 (fr) * 1991-07-23 1993-02-04 Allied-Signal Inc. Compositions analogues a l'azeotrope comprenant 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; dichloromethane ou dichloroethylene; ainsi que chloropropane; et eventuellement alcanol

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