WO1990010364A1 - Dispositif pour chauffer un fluide intraveineux - Google Patents

Dispositif pour chauffer un fluide intraveineux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990010364A1
WO1990010364A1 PCT/US1990/000816 US9000816W WO9010364A1 WO 1990010364 A1 WO1990010364 A1 WO 1990010364A1 US 9000816 W US9000816 W US 9000816W WO 9010364 A1 WO9010364 A1 WO 9010364A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
warmer
fluid
voltage
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1990/000816
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas P. Frank
Wendell Thompson
Original Assignee
Medex, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Medex, Inc. filed Critical Medex, Inc.
Publication of WO1990010364A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990010364A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/44—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
    • A61M2205/3653—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by Joule effect, i.e. electric resistance

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fluid warmers and particularly to fluid warmers for blood or other IV liquids that are administered to patients.
  • IV fluid warmers In general, they appear to provide a housing, a tortuous fluid path through the housing, a heater in heat exchange relation to the fluid path and a system for regulating the heat applied to the fluid.
  • the IV fluid warmers are, in general, rather complicated internally. They deal with a problem of delivering a fluid to the patient from the fluid warmer at a low flow rate as, for example, 1 to 20 ml/min. All appear to require a tube that connects the warmer to the patient. When the rate of flow is quite low, significant amounts of heat imparted to the fluid in the fluid warmer are lost in the transit through the tube between the warmer and the patient.
  • the fluid warmers that provide a tortuous path in a housing for the fluid create a problem of dead volume which is the volume of the fluid that sits in the warmer.
  • An objective of the present invention has been to provide a fluid warmer that does not have the complexity of prior fluid warmers.
  • the fluid warmer can be made inexpensively and disposable.
  • Another objective of the present invention has been to provide an IV fluid warmer wherein there is substantially no loss of heat arising out of passing of the heated fluid through a tube between the warmer and the patient.
  • Another objective of the invention has been to eliminate or minimize dead volume.
  • the objectives of the present invention are attained by providing a fluid warmer utilizing a tube of conductive polymer.
  • Electric terminals are applied to the conductive polymer so as to pass current, as uniformly as possible, through the polymer, thereby causing its temperature to be raised. Fluid is passed through the tube and the temperature of the fluid is raised by the heating of the conductive tube. It is, of course, important to isolate the patient from the electrical system.
  • the invention therefore contemplates the coextrusion of the con ⁇ ductive polymer over a tube which has a high thermal conductivity and which is a high dielectric material having as low as possible electrical conductivity.
  • the dielectric inner tube insulates the patient from the electrical system connected to the outer conduc ⁇ tive polymer tube.
  • leads are applied to axially-spaced positions on the conductive polymer tube with current passing axially along the length of the tube.
  • the tubing would be placed in a housing having diametrically-opposed, axially-extending contacts that make electrical connection with the conductive polymer when the housing is closed upon the tube.
  • the tube is heated by current passing circumferentially through the conductive polymer between the axially-extending contacts.
  • the housing that clamps upon the tube to provide the electrical connection also provides an insulative function to minimize heat loss.
  • a control system is provided in which the temperature of the fluid exiting the warmer is contin ⁇ uously monitored and the power applied to the warmer is varied to maintain a uniform temperature exiting the tube and to accommodate variations in the flow rate and incoming temperature of the fluid being warmed.
  • the IV warmer is the tubing leading to the patient itself, the unwarmed or exposed tubing between the patient and the warmer can be reduced to substan ⁇ tially zero, hence eliminating the heat loss in the transit between the warmer and the patient.
  • the warmer can be manufactured very inexpen ⁇ sively and, hence, is ideally suited to be disposable.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of one embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 2-2 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • a patient is shown diagrammatically at 10.
  • a warmer 12 has an inlet end 13 and an outlet end 14.
  • the outlet end 14 is connected directly to a cannula 15 inserted into the body for delivering fluid to the body.
  • a source of fluid 20 is connected by a tube
  • a flow control 22 regulates the flow of fluid from the source
  • the warmer itself is formed of an outer tube 25 of a conductive polymer. That tube 25 is preferably coextruded over a di ⁇ electric tube 26.
  • the dielectric tube 26 should be as electrically insulative as possible while at the same time being as thermally conductive as possible.
  • a conductive band 31 is mounted as close to the outlet end 14 of the warmer as possible.
  • a conductive band 32 is mounted at the inlet end of the warmer.
  • the bands are connected to a control unit 35 by leads 36.
  • the control unit 35 includes a regulated power supply that applies a voltage to the conductive polymer outer tube via leads 36 and bands 31, 32.
  • the control 35 preferably includes a probe 37 at the discharge end of the warmer, the probe monitoring the temperature of the fluid passing through the warmer.
  • The- probe is connected to the control and provides a signal which determines the power applied between the terminals 31, 32 so as to maintain the temperature at the outlet end of the warmer at a level substantially the same as that of the temperature of the body to which the fluid is being supplied
  • the length of the tube can be selected to fit the requirements of the patient. If the fluid is to be administered very slowly, a short length of tube can be used to provide shorter residence in the warmer. On the other hand, if the fluid is introduced relatively rapidly, the longer tube can be used to provide longer residence in the warmer. It can be seen that one of the advantages of the invention over those having a tortuous path within a housing is that the length of path through which the fluid passes can be selected to match the patient requirements.
  • the outlet end of the warmer tube can be brought up to and almost in contact with the patient so that there is no measur ⁇ able heat lost in tubing that is needed for connecting a warmer to the patient.
  • a tube 40 has the cross section shown in Fig. 2 consist ⁇ ing of an inner dielectric tube and an outer con ⁇ ductive polymer tube.
  • the tube has connectors 41, 42 diagrammatically shown at each end.
  • the connector 41 at the inlet end is for connection to a source 20 of fluid.
  • the connector 42 at the outlet end is for connection to the cannula 15.
  • Power to the tube is obtained by placing the tube in a cylindrical housing or cradle 45.
  • the cradle 45 has terminals 46 that extend axially the full length of the cradle and are spaced so as to engage, in a snug electrically-conductive relation, diametrically-opposed lines on the tube 40 when the tube is placed in the cradle.
  • An insulative cap 47 may be optionally provided to mate with the cradle 45 and to enclose the tube so as to thermally insulate it.
  • a control module 48 is connected via leads 49 to the terminals 46.
  • some type of temperature measuring probe is employed and connected to the control module to measure the temperature of the fluid at the outlet end of the tube 40, thereby providing a signal used to maintain the temperature of the fluid at approximately the temperature of the patient or about 37°C.
  • the source 20 of fluid such as blood or nourishment is connected to the inlet end 13 of the warmer.
  • the outlet end 14 of the warmer 12 is con- nected to a cannula 15 and inserted into a blood vessel of the patient. Fluid is urged into the patient's arm by gravity or by a pressure infusor surrounding a bag of the fluid.
  • the flow controller 22 determines the rate of administration of the fluid into the patient 10.
  • a power supply in the control module applies a voltage axially along the conductive polymer 25 of the warmer 12 (Fig. 1) or circumferentially (Fig. 2) around the warmer 12.
  • the temperature of the con ⁇ ductive polymer 25 is raised and is controlled in relation to the incoming temperature and flow rate of the IV solution so as to maintain the temperature of the fluid of the outlet at about 37°C.
  • the fluid passes through the dielectric tube 26 and is main ⁇ tained by the electric material insulated from the electrical system by which heat is introduced into the system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

Le dispositif permettant de chauffer un fluide intraveineux comprend un tube diélectrique interne (26) en matière de diélectrique élevée et de conductivité thermique élevée. Un tube polymère conducteur (25) est c÷xtrudé sur le tube interne. Une alimentation électrique régulée (35) est fixée au tube conduteur pour faire passer le courant au travers du tube de manière à le chauffer ainsi que le tube interne au travers duquel passe une solution intraveineuse.
PCT/US1990/000816 1989-02-21 1990-02-13 Dispositif pour chauffer un fluide intraveineux WO1990010364A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US31249889A 1989-02-21 1989-02-21
US312,498 1989-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990010364A1 true WO1990010364A1 (fr) 1990-09-07

Family

ID=23211738

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1990/000816 WO1990010364A1 (fr) 1989-02-21 1990-02-13 Dispositif pour chauffer un fluide intraveineux

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1990010364A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992010227A1 (fr) * 1990-12-12 1992-06-25 Houston Advanced Research Center Appareil et procede de regulation de la temperature d'un liquide intraveineux
US6749585B2 (en) 1999-02-19 2004-06-15 Alsius Corp. Central venous catheter with heat exchange membrane
WO2014118313A1 (fr) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-07 Vygon (Société Anonyme) Boîtier de régulation de température pour tube d'injection
EP2120817B1 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2021-07-14 Quality in Flow Ltd. Dispositif pour chauffer un flux de liquide par le chauffage électrique d'un conduit métallique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3682775A (en) * 1968-10-11 1972-08-08 Reynolds Metals Co Method for heating hydrogen gas
US4170901A (en) * 1978-06-15 1979-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Sorption tube atmospheric sampling system
US4180723A (en) * 1977-03-28 1979-12-25 Corning Glass Works Electrical contacts for electrically conductive carbon glasses
US4281238A (en) * 1978-09-18 1981-07-28 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Tubular jacket heater
US4429213A (en) * 1978-10-20 1984-01-31 Dayco Corporation Electrically heated fluid conduit
US4560849A (en) * 1984-06-13 1985-12-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Feedback regulated induction heater for a flowing fluid

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3682775A (en) * 1968-10-11 1972-08-08 Reynolds Metals Co Method for heating hydrogen gas
US4180723A (en) * 1977-03-28 1979-12-25 Corning Glass Works Electrical contacts for electrically conductive carbon glasses
US4170901A (en) * 1978-06-15 1979-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Sorption tube atmospheric sampling system
US4281238A (en) * 1978-09-18 1981-07-28 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Tubular jacket heater
US4429213A (en) * 1978-10-20 1984-01-31 Dayco Corporation Electrically heated fluid conduit
US4560849A (en) * 1984-06-13 1985-12-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Feedback regulated induction heater for a flowing fluid

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992010227A1 (fr) * 1990-12-12 1992-06-25 Houston Advanced Research Center Appareil et procede de regulation de la temperature d'un liquide intraveineux
US6749585B2 (en) 1999-02-19 2004-06-15 Alsius Corp. Central venous catheter with heat exchange membrane
EP2120817B1 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2021-07-14 Quality in Flow Ltd. Dispositif pour chauffer un flux de liquide par le chauffage électrique d'un conduit métallique
WO2014118313A1 (fr) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-07 Vygon (Société Anonyme) Boîtier de régulation de température pour tube d'injection

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