WO1990009611A1

WO1990009611A1 - Fastening arrangement

Info

Publication number: WO1990009611A1
Application number: PCT/DE1990/000098
Authority: WO
Inventors: Otto Stemme; Rosalind Stemme
Original assignee: Otto Stemme
Priority date: 1989-02-18
Filing date: 1990-02-14
Publication date: 1990-08-23
Also published as: JPH04504177A; EP0458815A1

Abstract

Fastening arrangement for fastening accessories to ophtalmic devices, in particular spectacles, by means of permanent magnets. Permanent magnets which possess high magnetic characteristic values such as energy density and remanence are obtained by using alloys containing at least one rare earth element and/or cobalt and/or by making them magnetically anisotropic. This reduces the volume and weight of the permanent magnets, which can therefore be advantageously mounted in spectacle frames, while ensuring reliable fastening of the accessory.

Description

Fastening arrangement

The present invention relates to a fastening arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eye attachments essentially serve to protect the eyes - in some cases also the eye area and face -, the correction of ametropia of the eyes and the production of aesthetic effects.

Often, a user desires that an eye attachment perform several functions of this type.

A particularly important example is the case of an eye attachment in the form of correction glasses, which - at least at times - should also take on the function of anti-glare glasses.

Solutions are known in which anti-glare glasses are brought into the optical beam path as accessories, in particular by attaching anti-glare glasses detachably to correction glasses as accessories. In one of these solutions, the anti-glare glasses can be folded in and out of the optical beam path when fastened. Particularly disadvantageous for d ^r . ^es βn solutions is the purely mechanical way of attaching the accessories - in this case the anti-glare glasses or glasses - to the eye attachment in the form of the correction glasses, which - especially when using clamping and spring mechanisms - in the assembled state means a disturbing, bulky structure that sticks to clothing and, moreover, is found to be particularly unpleasant and largely negates the original aesthetic effect of the glasses.

In contrast, it has been proposed to attach accessories - in particular as glare protection or as additional lenses with positive refractive power in the lower part of the spectacle lenses or as a decorative element - releasably to glasses using permanent magnets (DE-OS 17 97 366, FR 9 15 421 , GB 8 55 268, US 27 37 847). With regard to the permanent magnet, the use of highly coercive permanent magnet material has been proposed (DE-OS 17 97 366).

Although this type of fastening with the aid of permanent magnets and their attractive forces (adhesive forces) from accessories to glasses makes it possible, in a simple, quick and reliable manner and with the greatest possible avoidance of obstacles, dangers and inconveniences for the user , detachably attaching optically effective parts of the accessories into and out of the beam path of the eyes as well as other accessories that are essentially outside of the optical beam path on eyeglasses, moreover because of the lack of bulky mechanical fastening elements While the original aesthetic effect of the glasses can be largely retained, glasses with accessories to be attached by means of permanent magnets have so far been a practical market introduction fails.

The reason for this is mainly to be seen in the fact that fastening arrangements for fastening accessories to eye attachments - in particular eyeglasses - have special requirements - in particular small size, as well as their shape which fits organically and aesthetically into the eyeglass design, small volume and weight, and high Accelerating strength and thus reliability of the fastening and corrosion resistance - are to be set, which can only be achieved by special training of the permanent magnets.

The object of the present invention is to design permanent magnets in connection with eye attachments - in particular glasses - and accessories in such a way that a fastening arrangement for attaching the accessories to the eye attachments - in particular glasses - is created which complies with those mentioned above Fastening arrangements to meet the special requirements as far as possible is sufficient and which makes it possible for a modular, system-like series of eye attachments - in particular glasses - and accessories, in a simple, fast and reliable manner and with the greatest possible avoidance of disabilities and hazards and inconveniences for the user to bring optically effective areas of the accessories into and out of the beam path of the eyes, as well as other accessories on the eye attachments - in particular ^" glasses ^" that are essentially outside the optical beam path to attach D However, the original aesthetic effect of the eye attachment should be as largely as possible hold on.

This issue is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1. The subclaims have advantageous embodiments of the invention.

In the course of the examinations and trials carried out within the scope of the present invention, it was found that considerable accelerations b can act on an accessory part which is fastened to an eye attachment - in particular glasses. These are particularly often caused by violent body or head movements. Even higher acceleration values than through violent body or head movements can be caused by violent hand movements e.g. with glasses and especially e.g. if an eye attachment - in particular glasses - is placed hard on a table top or similar object.

It has been shown that acceleration values of up to approximately 5 g (g = gravitational acceleration), in some cases even up to approximately 10 g, can be expected. The force acting on an accessory with mass m is K = mb. Accordingly, with a mass m of e.g. 0.025 kg and an acceleration b of e.g. 5 g a force K of approximately 1.25 Newton (N) acting on the accessory, with an acceleration b of 10 g a force K of 2.5 N.

In the investigations and trials carried out within the scope of the present invention, two permanent magnets were initially assumed to be opposed to one another. opposite polarity and each of which is firmly connected to an eye attachment - in particular glasses - or an accessory and • between which an attraction force (adhesive force) F occurs, with the aid of which the accessory on the eye attachment - in particular glasses - is attached. The force F - in the sense of acceleration stability and thus reliability of the attachment and thus in the sense of the task - should at least compensate for the force K occurring due to acceleration, ie the amount should be F_K.

1 shows schematically and with the omission of further parts for clarity, the permanent magnets now designated 034 and 036. Their opposite polarity is indicated by arbitrary labeling with N and S. The permanent magnets 034, 036 are magnetized via the dimensions L1, L2. In Fig. La both permanent magnets 034 and 036 are shown schematically in the attached state, that is, when the accessory is attached to the eye attachment, in Fig. Lb in the released state, that is, when the accessory is detached from the eye attachment;

In the fastened state, when the width h of the gap 035 between the two permanent magnets 034 and 036 is small compared to the total length L = L1 + L2, the force (adhesive force) F between the two permanent magnets 034 and 036 is approximately F £ s 4 ^* 10 ⁵ f BJ (f ■ cross-sectional area of the permanent magnets, B ^ = induction of the permanent magnets in the working point A of their entraagnetization curve corresponding to the attached state. In connection with the aforementioned requirement F ≥ K for the induction of the permanent magnets 034 and 036, the requirement B _A ≥ -1.6 ^* 10 ^"3 \ | K / f ^' results.

The permanent magnets 034 and 036 can, for example, be particularly advantageous in terms of production technology, both with regard to their manufacture and their later installation in eye attachments, in particular glasses or accessories, with - e.g. same - diameters D (Fig. 1) and lengths Ll and L2 (Fig. 1), e.g. can be the same.

The investigations and tests carried out within the scope of the present invention have shown that e.g. cylindrical permanent magnets 034, 036 with a diameter of approximately 4 mm can still be accommodated in eye attachments - in particular glasses - and accessories, the fastening arrangement thus formed integrating organically and aesthetically into the glasses design with regard to their shape and - small - size and in particular the user of glasses or accessories is not noticeably disturbed by additional volume or additional weight.

With the exemplary diameter D of approximately 4 mm, the cross-sectional area f is approximately 1.2 * 10 m. From the requirement BΛ J ~ 1.6 * 10 VK / f given above, this results for the induction of the permanent magnets 034, 036 of the fastening arrangement in the fastened state (Fig. La) with an example accessory mass m of 0.025 kg and for an acceleration, for example b = 5 g with the associated force K of 1.25 N the instruction B ^ 0.5 Tesla (T) for the formation of the permanent magnets 034, 036, for an acceleration eg b = 10 g with the associated force K of 2.5 N the instruction B ^ 0 , 7 T to form the permanent magnets 034, 036 for - corresponding to the increased "acceleration value of 10 g - increased acceleration resistance and reliability of the attachment of the accessories to the eye attachment, in particular the glasses.

There is no restriction in the exemplary preferred cylindrical design of the permanent magnets 034, 036; rather, in the investigations and tests carried out within the scope of the present invention, the permanent magnets 034, 036 were also used, for example, as rectangular cuboids, for example in the dimensions 3 × 3 , 5 x 5 mm ⁰ , magnetized, for example, over dimension 3, successfully tested when attaching accessories to eye attachments - especially glasses.

Fig. 2 shows schematically a curve 01 by Entmagnetisierungsk _*

Permanent magnets such as 034 and 036. As usual for permanent magnets, the demagnetizing field H = - NJ / μ _{Q is} plotted on the abscissa (N = demagnetizing factor, known as 0 ≤ N ≤ 1, J = polarization, μ ₀ - induction constant), on the ordinate induction B.

Because of the high B. values required as explained above, the permanent magnets 034, 036 must have very high values of the remanence B _r above B ^, and the demagnetization curve 01 should have a course that is as flat as possible. The latter all the more because the angle α of the working even 02 because of cotg α = (1-N) / N due to the high, for example 0.3, due to a small ratio L / D (Fig. la) due to the entraagnetization factor N, is relatively large. The ratio L / D has a low value because not only the thickness or the diameter D has to be kept small - ie in the range of a few millimeters - in the sense of the task, but also the lengths L1 and L2 or the length L = Ll + L2 of the permanent magnets 034, 036 to be viewed approximately as a single permanent magnet in the fastened state (FIG. 1 a).

For a flat course of the demagnetization curve 01, it is necessary that the curve B = (BH) _maχ / H designated 04 _touches the demagnetization curve 01 with the highest possible B value, which is why permanent magnets such as 034, 036 have high values of the maximum energy product or the energy density (BH) _{should have} (quality value).

In addition, as shown in the schematic illustration in FIG. 2, the demagnetization curve should be as practically a straight line as possible, on which the working point P of the individual permanent magnets such as 034, 036 should also be in the released state (FIG. 1b). In this way it can be ensured that when attaching and detaching accessories or the permanent magnets repeatedly on the straight section of the demagnetization curve 01, work is carried out between the working points A and P and in this way no demagnetization takes place to lower B values .

The straight line 03 determining the working point P runs at an angle β, which is given by cotg β = (1-N) / N, the demagnetization factor N now being determined by the ratio Ll / D or L2 / D, which is lower than that of L / D, and increases accordingly.

In continuation of the investigations and trials carried out within the scope of the present invention, it has been found that the instructions elaborated and set out above with regard to the permanent magnets, such as e.g. 034, 036 can only be followed by their special training described below.

In order to achieve the high values according to the instructions for the induction B ^ or the remanence B _r and the energy product or the energy density (BH) _dimension , the permanent magnets, such as 034, 036, should consist of alloys known _{per se} which contain at least one rare earth element and / or contain cobalt, such as samarium-cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron, lanthanum-cobalt, yttrium-cobalt, cerium-cobalt, praseodymium-cobalt alloys and mixtures thereof, and at least aluminum, nickel and alloys containing cobalt (AlNiCo alloys). Very particularly high values of the remanence B _r and the energy product or the energy density (BH) _maχ can be achieved when the permanent magnets such as 034, 036 of the Befe¬ stigungsanordnung be formed jausge¬ having a magnetic anisotropy, so that they have a preferred axis for which have magnetic polarization J, the high values of the magnetic properties mentioned being magnetized in this preferred axis, that is to say when the magnetic polarization J lies in this axis. The magnetic anisotropy or the associated preferred axis is generated in a manner known per se in the manufacture of the permanent magnets such as 034, 036 of the fastening arrangement therein, for example by means of a magnetic field and / or heat treatment, by pressing powdery form ¬ starting material in a magnetic field before sintering or by cooling the hot magnets in a magnetic field.

The working points A and P of the permanent magnets such as 034, 036 of the fastening arrangement can be shifted in an advantageous manner, increasing the adhesive force and reliability, in the direction of higher B values if the permanent magnets are designed with a soft magnetic yoke 046 or 048 for the magnetic flux, for example as shown schematically in FIG. 3, the de-magnetization factor being reduced. This design is particularly indicated in the case of AlNiCo magnets, since their demagnetization curve - starting from high values of the remanence, which can be over 1 T - drops relatively steeply. The permanent magnets are advantageously magnetized here after being introduced into the yoke, if necessary again.

In the investigations and trials carried out in the context of the present invention, the dependence of the attraction force (adhesive force) F between two mutually opposite-pole permanent magnets magnetized with the dimensions L1, L2 on their mutual distance h (FIG. 1 a) was measured . The result for, for example, two cylindrical permanent magnets 034, 036 with, for example, the diameter D of approximately 4 mm and the lengths L1 and L2 of approximately 3 mm each - ie L / D ΛJ 1.5 - made from a samarium-cobalt alloy a (BH) _m πiα _αv X of about 170 KJ / m and a remanence B _r of about 0.95 T and a coercive field strength - _Q RQ of about 640 kA / m is shown in FIG. 4. The force F calculated with the above-mentioned formula, marked with x, is also entered and is in good agreement with the measurement in practice. For example, enlargement of Ll and L2 to about 6 mπi, ie L / D ^κ 2.25 and 3 respectively, resulted in an advantageous increase in the force values by approximately 20%, for example reduction to approximately 2 mm, ie L / D ~ 1.25 or 1, a reduction of about 15%, which is acceptable for very light accessories.

According to FIG. 4, it was found that the force F initially drops only slightly with increasing distances h, so that for small distances h - approximately 0 to 0.3 mm - the value of the force F at h = 0 can practically be taken. It also resulted (FIG. 4) that for the permissible force K = F of 2.5 N - corresponding to an acceleration b of 10 g with an accessory part mass m of 0.025 kg (increased reliability) - h approximately 0. 4 mm, for the permissible force K ■ * = F of 1.25 N - corresponding to an acceleration b of 5 g with an accessory mass m of 0.025 kg - approximately 1 mm. As a result of the force measurements, this means the constructive instruction that the distance h of the permanent magnets 034, 036 in the attached state, that is to say if the accessory is detachably attached to the eye attachment - in particular glasses - with the aid of the magnets, the distance h is not greater than approximately 1/6 of the total magnet length L = Ll + L2 should be.

This design instruction must be observed in particular if the permanent magnets 034, 036 are inserted in housings 010, 011 designed as capsules in the form of sleeves or sleeves. are brought (Fig. 5), as described below, in which case the smallest possible distance h is given by the thicknesses BIO and B1 of the bottoms of the bushings 010, 011. FIG. 6 shows schematically on the basis of two exemplary embodiments, which were developed during the examinations and trials carried out in the context of the present invention, in which, for the purpose of the task, the cylindrical permanent magnet 034 with a diameter, for example, is extremely space-saving D of about 4 mm and a length L 1 of about 3 mm made, for example, of a samurium-cobalt alloy with, for example, a (BH) _dimension of about 170 KJ / m, which together with a similar permanent magnet 036 in the one not shown Accessory that delivers considerable adhesive force of approximately 3 N, for example, can be accommodated in metal eyeglass frames.

It has been shown that especially for accessories with a relatively low mass m, also rare earth alloys, in particular the samarium-cobalt alloys, which are very advantageous in terms of corrosion resistance, with (BH) values below 170 KJ / m, For example, approximately 140 KJ / m ^{3 can be} successfully used in the fastening arrangement, the remanence B of such alloys being approximately 0.85 T, for example. For particularly heavy accessories, permanent magnets are advantageous with (BH) _{dimensions of} over 170 KJ / m ³ , for example made of a neodymium-iron-boron alloy, which are advantageously provided with corrosion-preventing agents such as lacquer layers, the Remanence B _{r of} such alloys can be, for example, approximately 1.1 T and (BH) _dimensions, for example approximately 230 KJ / m ³ . The values of the coercive field strength ^ H of the aforementioned rare earth alloys are, for example, above about 600 kA / In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 a, the permanent magnet 034 is located, for example, fixed with adhesive or poured into plastic and thus excellently protected against corrosive influences, in a housing 010 designed as a capsule in the form of a sleeve or sleeve, which is preferably in the area of the bridge 016 in the spectacle frame 06 is soldered in and also protects the permanent magnet 034 against mechanical damage and corrosive influences. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6b, the permanent magnet 034 is accommodated in a pocket-like extension 07 of a bridge 017 of a metal spectacle frame 09, which is designed, for example, as a cast and / or embossed metal bar 08.

The invention is described below with reference to further schematic drawings of exemplary embodiments.

Show it:

1 permanent magnets of a fastening arrangement,

2 shows the demagnetization curve with the working points A and P of an ensemble of two permanent magnets of a fastening arrangement,

3 permanent magnets with inference for the magnetic flux,

4 dependence of the force F used in the fastening arrangement between two permanent magnets on their mutual distance h, 5 permanent magnets in capsule-like housings designed as sleeves or sleeves,

6 metal glasses frames with permanent magnet,

7 is a pair of prescription glasses with attached light protection,

8 to

11 magnet systems of the fastening arrangement,

12 is a pair of corrective glasses with a fixed corrective attachment,

13 is a pair of correction glasses with a fixed correction or correction and light protection attachment,

14 shows an auxiliary device for attaching glasses and / or accessories,

15 is a pair of prescription glasses with a protective part attached,

16 is a pair of ski goggles with light protection attached,

17 shows diving goggles with a fixed correction attachment.

7 schematically shows, as an exemplary embodiment of an eye attachment with an attached accessory part, a pair of correction glasses 2 with bold highlights for clarification Frame edges 4 and 6, jaws 8 and 10, bracket shafts 12 and 14, bridge 16, glasses or Lenses 18 and 20 and a light shield 22 attached to the correction glasses, shown in a transparent manner and with light attenuation at least approximately in the region of the beam path of the eyes. The upper part of Fig. 7 shows a plan view from the front, the lower part a section AA. The sun protection 22 serves to protect the eyes in particular against glare and / or irritation while protecting not d visible areas it insbeson particular example, the ultraviolet range, can affect ^* light.

The attachment itself is carried out with the help of two permanent magnets 34 and 36, each practically uniform, opposite polarity (illustrated by schematic identification with N and S), which are held together by the adhesive force existing between them, the permanent magnet 34 is fixed in the bridge 16 and the permanent magnet 36 is fixed in an intermediate part 28 which carries the optically active areas 30 and 32 of the light protection 22. The regions 30, 32 and the intermediate part 28 are particularly advantageously produced by injection molding as a plastic part, it being possible for the permanent magnet 36 to be at least partially encapsulated. For example, the regions 30, 32 can also be produced contiguously and the permanent magnet 36 can be attached directly to the light shield 22, for example by gluing. Furthermore, the permanent magnet 36, like the permanent magnet 34, can consist of several individual magnets, for example in order to counteract a possible risk of breakage when the light shield 22 or the correction glasses 2 are subjected to mechanical stress. The bridge 16 and the intermediate part 28 with their permanent magnets 34 and 36 serve at the same time as supports for an accessory in the form of the patent protection 22, bevels 42 and 44 being special means which can also run or be designed differently and in particular, for example, also in the upper and / or lower, not shown area of the bridge 16 can enable at least partial gripping or positive locking of the intermediate part 28, should enable self-adjusting fastening and should ensure a firm fit.

The attachment of the permanent magnet 34 in the bridge 16 according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7 does not represent any restriction. Rather, the permanent magnet 34 and / or at least one other corresponding permanent magnet can also be attached at a different location on the correction glasses 2, for example above that in FIG 7 for the permanent magnet 34 shown position - for example in a broadening of the bridge 16 or an additional, strut-like connection between the frame edges 4 and 6 in the area of the bridge 16 and / or for example in the frame edges, for example in the The area of the jaws 8 and 10 or, for example, in the jaws 8, 10 itself. The permanent magnet 36 and / or at least one other corresponding permanent magnet of the light shield 22 is then located opposite at least one permanent magnet of the correction glasses 2, at a corresponding point on the light shield 22 ( not shown). The same applies to the inference parts 50 and 51 listed below. Since the permanent magnets 34 and 36 each have a large demagnetization factor due to their design, it is necessary to achieve high magnetization values in the permanent magnets and - associated with this - high values of the adhesive force

W generating magnetic charges or pole strengths at their interfaces acting as poles are particularly advantageous as permanent magnets 34, 36 e.g. To use permanent magnets, each of which has a preferred axis 38, 40 for magnetization - e.g. by magnetic field and / or heat treatment - which are therefore magnetically anisotropic, i.e. which have magnetic anisotropy. The preferred axes 38, 40 of the permanent magnets 34, 36 are preferably approximately parallel to one another, for example as shown in section AA in FIG. 7 or for example as shown in the partial representation of the permanent magnets 34, 36 to the right of them is.

As the material for the permanent magnets 34, 36 is especially suitable magnetic materials containing at least one rare earth or at least one rare earth element and boron, such as at least cobalt and samarium enthalten¬ de alloys and at least neodymium, iron and ^"boron ent retaining alloys .

Alloys of this type have, in particular, a favorable demagnetization curve with high values of the coercive force and the magnetic energy density, so that high adhesive forces are achieved even with low-volume permanent magnets 34, 36. The small volume of the magnets 34, 36 at their implementation using the magnetic materials mentioned greatly simplifies their accommodation in the bridge 16 or the intermediate part 28 and, in a very advantageous manner, enables particularly small-volume bridges 16 and intermediate parts 28.

The adhesive force as the decisive physical variable of the fastening arrangement can be increased further or the volume of the permanent magnets - in particular inexpensively - reduced if the permanent magnet 34 and the permanent magnet 36 each have a conclusion 46 or 48, for example in the manner of a so-called pot magnet has at least partial absorption of the magnetic flux which passes through the permanent magnets and emerges therefrom, as is illustrated schematically in FIG. 8a, by thereby achieving more favorable operating points on the demagnetization curve of the permanent magnets.

8b and FIG. 8c show shear-like sections through two exemplary embodiments of the permanent magnet 34 with its yoke 46 in the bridge 16, which in analogous transmission also applies as an embodiment for the permanent magnet 36 with its yoke 48 of the intermediate part 28 .

In many cases, in particular if a magnetic material with a particularly high coercive field strength and energy density is used for the permanent magnets, it is sufficient if the yoke 46 only partially wraps around the permanent magnet 34 and the yoke 48 around the permanent magnet 36, for example U-shaped, as can be seen from the diagram in FIG. 8b, which also enables a particularly narrow bridge 16. Particularly high adhesive force is achieved when the yoke 46 laterally wraps around the permanent magnet 34 and the yoke 48 laterally around the permanent magnet 36, for example as shown in the diagram in FIG. 8c.

In many cases, in particular if the accessory, in the case of FIGS. 7 and 8 the light protection 22, has a relatively low weight, it is sufficient if only one permanent magnet 34 or 36 is provided with a yoke 46 or 48 becomes. In these cases, it is often sufficient if a fastening arrangement has only one permanent magnet, that is to say in the case of the exemplary embodiment corresponding to FIGS. 7 and 8, the bridge 16 to the permanent magnet 34 or the intermediate part 28 to the permanent magnet 36 and in place of one of this permanent magnet, a yoke part for at least partially receiving the magnetic flux that passes through the permanent magnets and emerges from them, as shown schematically, for example, in FIG. 9 for the bridge 16 with a yoke part 50 in connection with the Intermediate part 28 with the permanent magnet 36 with its yoke 48 is shown.

A modified, simple fastening arrangement in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 10 is sufficient, in particular for particularly light accessories, for example a particularly light light shield 22. In contrast to the arrangement in accordance with FIG. 9, 36 is used instead of the permanent magnet with its inference 48 a permanent magnet 52 is stepped, which has segments of different polarity, as is to be illustrated by the schematic identification with N and S in FIG. 10 as an exemplary embodiment with a double-sided multipole magnet 52, this exemplary embodiment not being restricted with regard to the possible polarity distributions.

A permanent magnet 54 with sectors of alternating polarity can also be located in the bridge 16, while a permanent magnet 53 is in the intermediate part 28 (FIG. 11) or a return part 50 corresponding to the return part 51 is located in the intermediate part 28 (not shown).

Due to the various possible embodiments of the magnet systems within the fastening arrangement for accessories on eye attachments, an optimal solution can be realized very advantageously for the respective case of an accessory or eye attachment, in particular if the possibilities with regard to the choice of magnetic materials are also taken into account.

Preferably, if the accessory, for example the light protection 22, has a relatively low weight and the permanent magnet 34 is provided with the yoke 46 and / or the permanent magnet 36 with the yoke 48, it can be advantageous, particularly in terms of cost, for the perma ¬ nominal magnets 34 and 36 also magnetic materials with lower values of the coercive field strength and energy density than those already mentioned can be used, for example magnetic Materials containing cobalt, in particular ^* in alloys, which also contain at least aluminum and nickel as a component (AlNiCo).

In particular, because of their good machinability, in some cases in which, for example, a special formal adaptation of the permanent magnets is indicated, the use of rubber- and / or plastic-bonded grains of magnetic materials, for example in particular the aforementioned magnetic materials, which also applies to the Costs are particularly advantageous. Above all, particularly advantageous in terms of production technology, larger areas can also be made in such materials, e.g. Larger areas of the intermediate part 28 or the entire intermediate part 28, for example made of plastic-bound grains of an alloy containing cobalt and samarium or plastic-bound grains of an alloy containing neodymium, iron and boron.

Mainly because of their relatively good machinability, cobalt alloys with at least iron and vanadium addition, with at least iron and chromium addition, with iron, nickel, titanium and / or niobium addition, with platinum, are also of application-specific advantage. In particular, the cobalt-platinum alloys have high values of the coercive field strength and the energy density, increasing the adhesive force or reducing the volume, whereby this material is particularly easy to process due to its particularly low brittleness and is extremely corrosion-resistant to practically all corrosive media. Cobalt alloys with iron Nickel additives are also particularly suitable for melting into glasses, for example as permanent magnets in spectacle lenses, which can be attached individually to an eye attachment using these permanent magnets, for example.

The yoke 46 or 48 and the yoke part 50 or 51 are preferably made of iron, which does not have to be pure iron, in particular with regard to corrosion protection and in an economically advantageous manner, ie the iron can contain additives. In particular for reasons of corrosion protection, the iron is preferably additionally provided with one or more protective layers and / or largely extrusion-coated with plastic material.

The choice of material for the yoke 46 or 48 and the yoke part 50 or 51 is not limited to iron, rather numerous materials with a correspondingly high magnetic permeability come into question, e.g. also alloys containing iron and nickel, i.e. Alloys which are also very advantageous in terms of corrosion resistance.

In addition, suitable as material for the yoke 46 and 48 and the yoke part 50 and 51, for example, a soft magnetic ferrites, such as manganese-zinc ferrites, which offer a number of advantages. They can already be brought into the desired shape during their manufacture (for example when pressing the powdered starting material) - for example a conclusion in accordance with FIG. 8c - are therefore inexpensive and inexpensive in terms of material and as an oxide-ceramic material very corrosion-resistant. Added to this is their low density, ie their low weight.

The information given on the design of the magnet system, in particular also with regard to materials and materials of the fastening arrangement, in particular for permanent magnets, yoke parts and inferences, in connection with individual exemplary embodiments does not mean that these could not also be used in other exemplary embodiments.

In FIG. 12, as in FIG. 7, the correction glasses 2 with frame edges 4 and 6, the jaws 8 and 10 and the spectacle lenses 18 and 20 are again shown schematically as a front view. Instead of the light protection 22, in the case of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 12, however, a correction attachment 56 is now attached to the correction glasses 2 as an accessory part with the lenses 58 and 60, for which purpose the correction attachment preferably has an intermediate part 62 corresponding to the intermediate part 28 with, for example, the permanent magnet 36 of FIG. 7 corresponding permanent magnets (not shown) and the bridge continues, for example the permanent magnet 34 corresponding to FIG. 7. There is no restriction here, rather all the exemplary embodiments described above in connection with the fastening arrangement for the light protection 22 are for the fastening ¬ arrangement, in particular with regard to their Magnet¬ system, can also be used for the mounting arrangement of the correction attachment 56 and other accessories. As a result, one or more correction glasses 2, Light protection 22, correction attachment 56 and other accessory parts can be advantageously formed into a modular eyeglass system by means of compatibility.

The lenses 58 and 60 are preferably made of injection-molded and / or hot-processable plastic glass, but can also - especially if they should have a particularly high refractive power or short focal length - consist of other glass, in particular silicate glass. in which case the correction attachment 56 (not shown) has frame parts for the lenses 58, 60.

In the case of plastic glass, the correction attachment 56, corresponding to the light protection 22, including the intermediate part 62, is particularly advantageously injection-molded as a plastic part, e.g. the permanent magnet of the intermediate part 62 can at least partially be encapsulated. To increase the mechanical stability, the correction attachment 56 preferably has at least partially reinforced edge regions 65 and / or 67, which are highlighted in FIG. 12.

Corresponding to the areas 24 and 26 of the light protection 22, the correction attachment 56 preferably has areas 64 and 66 projecting upwards and downwards slightly beyond the bridge 16 (not shown in FIG. 12), which now act as a means of gripping aid when attaching or detaching of the correction attachment 56 - serve. In special cases, for example when the correction attachment is also intended to have a light protection effect, in particular to protect the eyes against glare and / or irritation, and is provided with increased light attenuation, which can also affect the invisible area of the light, it is preferably designed as a correction attachment 68 with the lens areas 70 and 72 and the intermediate part 69 (diagram FIG. 13), which can be obtained particularly cheaply, for example, by injection molding in the manufacture of the correction attachment 68 and / or by means of heat embossing.

A quick on an eye attachment - e.g. in the case of FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 of a pair of prescription glasses 2 - attachable accessories in the form of a prescription attachment 56 or 68 is of particular practical importance for the large number of ametropia sufferers, that for sharp vision in the distance and near so-called multifocal lenses (multifocal lenses), e.g. Two-strength glasses (bifocal glasses) with two areas of different refractive power or focal length: an upper area, referred to as the far section, and a lower area, referred to as the near section. The near part is generally smaller than the distant part and, in the case of farsightedness, has a stronger refractive power or shorter focal length than the distant part, so that the near part enables sharp vision in the close range and the distant part enables sharp vision in the far range.

The term “glasses” used in the context of the present invention does not represent any restriction, in particular not in the sense of mineral or silicate glasses, but rather can also be understood to mean, for example, plastic glasses. 14 schematically shows a further accessory part, which additionally facilitates the procedure described above. This accessory ^comprises' as an auxiliary device 74, as in the plan view in the left part of Fig indicated 14 ange¬ schematically is an area 76, the magnetic and hin¬ clearly the dimensions of the bridge 16 corresponds, so that -. Compatible with the Correction glasses 2 - the correction attachment 56 or 68 can be attached to the auxiliary device 74. The auxiliary device 74 has means 75 for attachment to articles of clothing, for example a pin in FIG. 14. If the auxiliary device 74 is worn on an item of clothing, the correction part can be attached to it quickly and conveniently when it is not needed and can be removed again quickly and easily in order to attach it to the correction glasses 2 when it is needed. Of course, the correction glasses 2 themselves, but also other accessories, such as the light protection 22, can be detachably attached to the auxiliary device 74.

Embodiments in which the means 75 for attaching to clothing items by means for attaching to solid items, e.g. a dashboard, are replaced, for example by an adhesive layer (not shown).

A further accessory part for the correction glasses 2, which can be fastened to the correction glasses 2 with the fastening arrangement according to the invention and can be exchanged quickly and which is particularly important for the occupational safety area, shows as an exemplary embodiment the schematic see illustration of FIG. 15, corresponding to the sectional view of FIG. 7, with a completely or partially transparent protective part 78 with an intermediate part 79 with a permanent magnet 77 now taking the place of the light shield 22 or the correction attachment 56 or 68 , for example to protect against grinding chips or sparks. Of course, the protective part 78 can also have increased light attenuation and thus simultaneously act as light protection, in particular, for example, when welding, but also as light protection, for example in the sporting field, the light protection serving in particular to protect the eyes against glare and / or irritation and the protection can also affect the invisible range of light, in particular, for example, the ultraviolet range.

While the exemplary embodiments described above for the inclusion of eye attachments and accessories in the fastening arrangement according to the invention were based on correction glasses as eye attachments, FIG. 16 shows schematically an embodiment in which an eye or face protection in the form of a so-called ¬ called ski goggles 80 is assumed. FIG. 16 above shows schematically a top view from the front, FIG. 16 below shows a section B-B, parts behind the - transparent - viewing window 84 also being shown.

16 schematically shows a light shield 82 as an exemplary embodiment for an accessory part, which is produced, for example, as a coherent, light-damping plastic part. The light protection 82 serves in particular for protection the eyes against glare and / or irritation, the protection also being able to relate to the invisible range of light, in particular, for example, the ultraviolet range. The light protection 82 is preferably attached to the inside of the single or multi-walled viewing window 84, which is located in a frame 85. For this purpose, permanent magnets 88 and 92 or parts 87, 89, in which they are at least partially located, are attached to the viewing window 84, for example by means of adhesive layers 86 or 90. The light shield 82 has the intermediate parts 94 and 96, with which it can advantageously be produced in an injection molding operation, the permanent magnets 98 and 100 being opposite in polarity to the permanent magnets 88 and 92, respectively, being located in the intermediate parts 94 and 96.

The similarity of the two magnet systems with the permanent magnets 88 and 98 or 92 and 100 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 16 means no restriction, but when using several magnet systems for fastening arrangements for accessories on eye attachments, deviating magnet systems, e.g. with and without inference part 50 and 51, respectively.

The intermediate parts 94, 96 and the parts 87, 89 preferably have bevels 95, 102 and 97, 104 as means for the self-adjusting, firm fit securing the permanent magnets 98 and 100 or their intermediate parts 94 and 96 to the Permanent magnets 88 and 92 or on the parts 87, 89 and thus the light shield 82 on the viewing window 84. The regions 108 and 110 protruding as a configuration example serve as gripping aids when the light fixture 82 is fastened or detached quickly. An elastic band 106 is used for fastening to the head.

In place of the light protection 82, for example, a correction attachment (for example in the case of nearsightedness for the far range) can take place (not shown) and the combination of the two is also possible, either by tinting the correction attachment or by simultaneously attaching the light protection and correction attachment with a corresponding design the intermediate parts (not shown).

In FIG. 17, a so-called diving goggle is schematically shown as a front view, with attached parts behind the - transparent - viewing window 128, and shown as section C-C. Naturally, a correction attachment 114 with lenses 116 and 118 is of particular practical interest as an accessory.

In order to keep the obstruction through the fastening arrangement as low as possible and to ensure a high degree of fastening security according to the requirements, the fastening arrangements in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 17 are preferably in the lateral area, as in the exemplary embodiment with ski goggles according to FIG. 16 the eye attachments are attached to the edge of the visual field. 17, permanent magnets 124 and 126 or parts 121, 123, in which they are at least partially, are attached to the viewing window 128, which is located in a frame 129, for example by means of adhesive layers 120 and 122. The correction attachment 114 has intermediate parts 130 and 132, by means of which it can advantageously be produced in one injection molding operation when plastic glasses are used. In the intermediate parts 130 and 132 there are the permanent magnets 134 and 136, respectively, which are opposite in polarity to the permanent magnets 124 and 126. In order to increase the mechanical stability, the correction attachment 114 preferably has at least partially reinforced edge regions 117 (highlighted in a thicker manner in FIG. 17 above).

The intermediate parts 130, 132 and the parts 121, 123 preferably have bevels 137, 138 and 139, 140 as means for the self-adjusting, firm fit securing the permanent magnets 134 and 136 or their intermediate parts 130 and 132 to the permanent magnets 124 and 126 and thus the correction attachment 114 on the viewing window 128.

The areas 142 and 144 protruding as a configuration example serve as a means for gripping assistance when the fixing attachment 114 is fastened or detached quickly. An elastic band 146 is used for attachment to the head, and a rubber insert 147 for the water seal.

Similar to the ski goggles 80, there are further fastening options, for example a further correction Essay for realizing the near zone in the case of defective vision (not shown) in the case of multi-vision lenses (multi-vision lenses).

A correction attachment for the near area - in the lower area of the field of vision - or, especially for short-sighted people, only a correction attachment for the far area - in the upper area of the field of view - can be attached to the viewing window 128, in particular for far-sighted people.

Instead of the ski goggles 80 or the diving goggles 112, the same exemplary embodiments for accessories can also be used for a similarly designed protective goggles 113, which is illustrated by the designation 113 entered in addition to the designation 80 of the ski goggles in FIG. 10 ^τ .

The previously described exemplary embodiments with the light protection 22, 82 and with the correction attachments 56, 68, 114, which each have the optically active elements for the beam paths of both eyes, mean no restriction, but rather these elements, for example the lenses 58 and 60 or 70 and 72 and lenses, which can also differ greatly in shape from these, can also be attached individually to eye attachments - for example correction lenses behind the protective glasses of a welding goggle (not shown) - by integration with the attachment arrangement according to the invention. There are no restrictions in the previously described exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 6 to 17 for fastening accessories with permanent magnets according to the invention.

Rather, the eye attachments can e.g. also include eyeglass frames without glasses. Furthermore, the correction glasses 2 can be designed in a very advantageous manner at the same time as light protection glasses in which their glasses 18, 20 with increased light attenuation - e.g. with a tint.

However, it is also very advantageous for the user to take the place of the corrective glasses 2 in the form of pure light-protective glasses, in that their glasses 18, 20 are designed without the intended corrective action and only protect the eyes of the user against light by increased light attenuation, with some protection as well the eyes are protected against mechanical influences through glasses and glasses. For this, too, the accessories described in the previously described exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 6 to 17 can be used in a very advantageous manner for the user, the light attenuation or light protection effect being increased and, for example, when the light protection 22 is attached to a light protection goggle / or the see-through color - for example with a see-through yellow light protection 22 from blue to green - can be changed. It has also proven to be of particular practical advantage to reduce the light attenuation of the glasses of the light protection glasses with permanent magnets according to the invention from top to bottom. mend form and the light attenuation of the glasses of light protection 22 increasingly increasing from top to bottom, so that in the view in the attached state there is a uniform, relatively strong light attenuation.

Especially for short-sighted people, an accessory with a permanent magnet according to the invention has a correction attachment for the long range, which e.g. is attached to the light protection glasses with the permanent magnet according to the invention in such a way that its (negative) refractive power is effective in the upper region of the field of vision.

The light protection 22 can advantageously be designed for drivers in a manner known per se as anti-glare protection for drivers.

In addition, with the aid of the permanent magnets according to the invention, accessories can be attached to eye attachments in a particularly advantageous manner, said accessories being located substantially outside the optical eye ray path, such as containers for temporarily storing volatile substances, in particular fragrances, jewelry and / or decorative elements. Hearing protection pieces for insertion into the ears, earmolds of hearing aids, cable cord holders, lights as well as electronic and / or electro-acoustic units such as Hearing aids, radio transmitters and / or receivers, measuring devices (e.g. for radioactive radiation), earphones, and such accessories can in particular also be attached to the temples.

Claims

Expectations

1. Fastening arrangement for fastening accessories to an eye attachment by means of at least one permanent magnet, characterized in that at least one of the permanent magnets (034, 036; 34, 36; 52; 53, 54; 77; 88, 92, 98, 100; 124, 126, 134, 136) contains at least one rare earth and / or cobalt.

2. Fastening arrangement according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that one or more of the permanent magnets according to claim 1 have a magnetic anisotropy, the associated with the magnetic anisotropy preferred axes (38, 40) of several permanent magnets are aligned approximately parallel to each other.

3. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least one of the permanent magnets according to one of claims 1 and 2 has a conclusion (046, 048; 46, 48).

4. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ratio (L / D) of the entire length (L = Ll + L2) to the thickness (D) of the permanent magnet according to one of claims 1 to 3 including the range limits approximated in the range of Numerical values 1 to 3 are.

5. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance (h) between the permanent magnets (034, 036; 34, 36; 53, 54; 34, 77; 88, 98, 92, 100; 124, 134, 126, 136) in the fastened state is less than or equal to approximately 1/6 of its entire length (L = Ll + L2).

6. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the permanent magnets according to one of claims 1 to 4, a yoke part (50; 51) is releasably fastened opposite if accessories according to claim 1 on a Vorvor¬ set according to claim 1 is attached.

7. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one permanent magnet according to one of claims 1 to 5 or at least one yoke part (50; 51) in the region of a bridge (016; 017; 16) and / or an intermediate part (28; 62; 69; 79; 94, 96; 130, 132) is attached.

8. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one eye attachment according to claim 1 and at least one accessory according to claim 1 means (42, 44; 95, 97, 102, 104; 137, 138, 139, 140) for a firm fit and / or self-adjusting attachment of the at least one accessory to the at least one eye attachment.

9. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the eye attachment according to claim 1 as a glassless glasses frame or as Kor¬ correction glasses (2) or as light protection glasses or as correction and light protection glasses or as Arlseits- safety glasses (113) or as Ski goggles (80) or as diving goggles (112) and the accessories according to claim 1 have at least one light shield (22) and / or at least one correction attachment (56; 68; 114) and / or at least one protective part (78) and / or at least an auxiliary device (74) as a holder for at least one accessory and / or at least one anti-glare device for motorists and / or at least one container for temporarily storing volatile substances and / or at least one decorative and / or decorative element and / or at least one hearing protection piece and / or at least one earpiece of a hearing aid and / or at least one lamp and / or at least one electronic input unit and / or at least one earphone.