WO1990006432A1 - Systeme d'echappement de moteur - Google Patents

Systeme d'echappement de moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990006432A1
WO1990006432A1 PCT/EP1988/001105 EP8801105W WO9006432A1 WO 1990006432 A1 WO1990006432 A1 WO 1990006432A1 EP 8801105 W EP8801105 W EP 8801105W WO 9006432 A1 WO9006432 A1 WO 9006432A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
cylinders
measured
mis
exhaust
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1988/001105
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Homeyer
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to PCT/EP1988/001105 priority Critical patent/WO1990006432A1/fr
Publication of WO1990006432A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990006432A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
    • F02D41/1441—Plural sensors
    • F02D41/1443—Plural sensors with one sensor per cylinder or group of cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/11—Testing internal-combustion engines by detecting misfire

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of and apparatus for protecting an exhaust system of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine operable with spark ignition, particularly an exhaust system containing a catalyser, from overheating due to a misfire. It is known that exhaust gas catalysers and even the exhaust manifolds of internal combustion engines can be damaged or destroyed due to overheating. The danger of overheating arises in the event of a misfire, that is to say, the fuel/air mixture in one or more of the combustion chambers fails to ignite through faulty ignition.
  • the uncombusted mixture when it reaches the catalyser whose working temperature is in the range of 400°C to 900 ⁇ is immediately ignited, rapidly heating the catalyser to a temperature of 1000°C or more at which the catalyst is destroyed. It is an object of the invention to provide a method and apparatus whereby faulty combustion or misfire can be immediately identified so that steps can be taken to prevent consequential overheating of the exhaust system, particularly of the catalyser. Advantages of the invention.
  • a pilot lamp can be provided in accordance with claim 7 for giving visual inclination of mis-fire. 15 This is particularly useful in the case of a carburettor system or a fuel injection system with a single injection valve when it is impossible or dangerous to completely switch off the fuel supply.
  • Drawings 20 The invention is further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
  • Fig.l is a diagrammatic plan view of an internal combustion engine having individual fuel injection 25 into the inlet manifold branches and individual temperature sensors in the exhaust manifold elbows, and
  • Fig.2 is a block circuit diagram of apparatus according to the invention for monitoring mis-fire in 30 the engine of Fig.l and for inhibiting fuel injection upstream of the inlet valve to the mis-firing cylinder,
  • Fig.l shows diagrammatically a four-cylinder internal combustion engine 10 operable with fuel 35 injection and spark ignition.
  • An air inlet manifold 12 has branches 14,16,18 and 20 leading respectively to the inlet valves (not shown) of the four cylinders.
  • Electr ⁇ magnetically operable fuel injection valves 22,24,26 and 28 are arranged in the 5 inlet manifold branches so as to inject the requisite amounts of petrol into the inducted air immediately upstream of the respective engine inlet valves.
  • Such a fuel injection system in which each cylinder has a dedicated fuel injection valve opened and closed in
  • the engine 10 timed relation with the cylinder cycle is a so-called SEFI system.
  • SEFI SEFI system
  • the fuel injection is carried out for two or more groups of cylinders, with each group having its own injection valve.
  • the engine 10 has an exhaust system 30 which is shown diagrammatically and which includes at least one exhaust silencer 32 and an exhaust catalyser 34.
  • the catalyser 34 is so disposed in the exhaust system that it runs at an elevated temperature for catalysing the
  • the exhaust system 30 includes an exhaust manifold 36 having branches or elbows 38,40,42 and 44 leading
  • Individual temperature sensors, 46,48,50 and 52 are disposed in the respective exhaust elbows so as to measure the temperatures of the gases being exhausted from the individual cylinders.
  • -c outputs T ⁇ _, To > 3 and T ⁇ of the four temperature sensors are connected to an averaging circuit 54. Only one of the temperature sensors is shown in Fig.2. Each of the temperature sensors is shown by way of example as comprising a PTC resistor connected between earth and a fixed or trimmer resistor 56 leading to a voltage source. Each of the four temperature sensors is also connected to the minus input of a respective one of four subtracting circuits 58,60,62 and 64.
  • the output TM of the averaging circuit 54 is connected to the plus inputs of all the subtracting circuits.
  • the outputs of the subtracting circuits 58-64 are connected respectively to four comparators 66,68,70 and 72 for comparison with a threshold temperature difference ⁇ TQ .
  • the outputs of the comparators are connected to a main control 74 of an electronic fuel injection system which controls the opening of the individual fuel injection valves 22,24,26 and 28 to deliver the requisite amounts of petrol in accordance with engine operating parameters, as i- s well known.
  • the outputs of the comparators are also connected via an OR gate 82 to the control electrode of an electronic switch 84 which lights a pilot lamp 86.
  • each of the measured temperatures T ⁇ T 2 , T3 and T4 is substantially equal to the average -_ so that the temperature differences 4T ⁇ . - T M - T ⁇ , etc., applied to the comparators 66, etc., are all less than the threshold temperature difference ⁇ Q and the outputs of the comparators are all zero.
  • the temperature T ⁇ as measured by the corresponding sensor 46 falls rapidly due to the uncombusted and therefore relatively cool gases flowing out through the corresponding exhaust valve.
  • the temperature difference AT ⁇ - T M - T j then becomes larger than the reference value ⁇ T Q and a corresponding output signal is delivered via the OR gate 82 to the switch 84 to switch on the pilot light 86.
  • the output signal is also supplied to the main control 74.
  • the latter includes end stage amplifiers 76 connected to the individual injection valves, only one such end stage amplifier being shown.
  • the injected fuel quantities are determined by the duration of opening of the injection valves and each injection valve is open so long as a trigger signal appears on a corresponding lead 78.
  • the trigger signals are fed to the respective end stage amplifiers via respective AND gates 80.
  • the outputs of the comparators 66-72 are connected to inverting inputs of the AND gates.80. Therefore, when a signal appears at the output of, say, the comparator 66 the AND gate 80 prevents the corresponding trigger signals on the lead 78 from reaching the end stage 76, whereby the injection valve 22 is not opened. Fuel is thereby prevented from entering the mis-firing cylinder and this prevents unburnt fuel from reaching the catalyser 34. Overheating of the catalyser and the rest of the exhaust system 30 is thereby avoided.
  • the various electronic components of the apparatus shown in Fig.l may be incorporated in the main control 74.
  • the main control 74 When the main control 74 is in the form of a computer, it can be programmed to carry out the necessary comparisons digitally in accordance with the computer program. It then becomes simpler not to calculate the mean temperature T M but instead to compare each of the temperatures T ⁇ to T4 with the other. Thus, for a four-cylinder engine, six comparisons are made and for a six-cylinder engine, fifteen comparisons are made. In the case of such a direct temperature comparison, a rapid detection of a temperature change for one or several cylinders can be made since the temperature difference in this case is unaffected by the number of cylinders which fail and the cylinder or cylinders whose exhaust gas temperature is lower by, say, at least 100 °C than that of the others can have its fuel supply switched off immediately. When a comparison is made with an average value T ⁇ , as in Fig.2, the average value is itself lowered upon mis-fire, so that response is not so rapid.
  • each injection valve is common to a respective group of two or more cylinders

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Pour éviter la combustion d'un mélange de carburant et d'air non brulé dans le catalyseur (34) d'un système d'échappement (30) d'un moteur à combustion interne (10), la température (T1-T4) des gaz d'échappement est mesurée dans les coudes d'échappement individuels (46-52). La différence ΔT entre chacune de ces températures et leur moyenne TM sont comparées avec un seuil ΔTO. En cas de raté d'allumage dans l'un des cylindres du moteur, ce seuil est augmenté pour ce cylindre et un signal est fourni par un comparateur correspondant (66-72) à la commande principale (74) du système d'injection de carburant électronique, afin de commuter en position d'arrêt l'alimentation en carburant de ce cylindre. On empêche ainsi que du carburant non brûlé n'atteigne le catalyseur. Le raté d'allumage amène également une lampe témoin (86) à s'allumer.
PCT/EP1988/001105 1988-12-03 1988-12-03 Systeme d'echappement de moteur WO1990006432A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1988/001105 WO1990006432A1 (fr) 1988-12-03 1988-12-03 Systeme d'echappement de moteur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1988/001105 WO1990006432A1 (fr) 1988-12-03 1988-12-03 Systeme d'echappement de moteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990006432A1 true WO1990006432A1 (fr) 1990-06-14

Family

ID=8165347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1988/001105 WO1990006432A1 (fr) 1988-12-03 1988-12-03 Systeme d'echappement de moteur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1990006432A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992003643A1 (fr) * 1990-08-28 1992-03-05 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Surveillance du fonctionnement d'un catalyseur traverse par un fluide catalysable
US5355671A (en) * 1990-10-15 1994-10-18 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emmissionstechnologie mbH Method and apparatus for monitoring the function of a catalytic converter
FR2777075A1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-08 Air Liquide Procede de conduite d'un four et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
GB2344895A (en) * 1998-12-17 2000-06-21 Cummins Engine Co Inc Determining a fault condition of an internal combustion engine from intake air temperature measurements
US6951998B2 (en) * 2000-04-14 2005-10-04 Omron Corporation Controller, temperature regulator and heat treatment apparatus
CN102733951A (zh) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-17 中国北车集团大连机车车辆有限公司 柴油机一缸熄火监测报警方法
EP3042062A1 (fr) * 2013-09-04 2016-07-13 MAN Diesel & Turbo SE Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3472068A (en) * 1966-07-21 1969-10-14 Hans List Device for the monitoring of mechanical and thermal stresses of internal combustion engines
FR2200891A5 (fr) * 1972-08-30 1974-04-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert
US3983754A (en) * 1974-07-05 1976-10-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Apparatus for detecting misfires in multi-cylinder type internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3472068A (en) * 1966-07-21 1969-10-14 Hans List Device for the monitoring of mechanical and thermal stresses of internal combustion engines
FR2200891A5 (fr) * 1972-08-30 1974-04-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert
US3983754A (en) * 1974-07-05 1976-10-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Apparatus for detecting misfires in multi-cylinder type internal combustion engines

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 4, no. 136 (M-33)(618), 24 September 1980; & JP-A-5591750 (NIPPON DENSO K.K.) 11 July 1980 *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992003643A1 (fr) * 1990-08-28 1992-03-05 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Surveillance du fonctionnement d'un catalyseur traverse par un fluide catalysable
US5355671A (en) * 1990-10-15 1994-10-18 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emmissionstechnologie mbH Method and apparatus for monitoring the function of a catalytic converter
FR2777075A1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-08 Air Liquide Procede de conduite d'un four et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
EP0949477A1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-13 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de conduite d'un four et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
GB2344895A (en) * 1998-12-17 2000-06-21 Cummins Engine Co Inc Determining a fault condition of an internal combustion engine from intake air temperature measurements
US6101442A (en) * 1998-12-17 2000-08-08 Cummins Engine Co. Inc. System and method for detecting a valve-related fault condition for an internal combustion engine
GB2344895B (en) * 1998-12-17 2003-07-23 Cummins Engine Co Inc A system and method for detecting a fault condition in an internal combustion engine
US6951998B2 (en) * 2000-04-14 2005-10-04 Omron Corporation Controller, temperature regulator and heat treatment apparatus
CN102733951A (zh) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-17 中国北车集团大连机车车辆有限公司 柴油机一缸熄火监测报警方法
EP3042062A1 (fr) * 2013-09-04 2016-07-13 MAN Diesel & Turbo SE Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne
EP3042062B1 (fr) * 2013-09-04 2022-04-06 Andreas Döring Procédé de contrôle d'un moteur à combustion interne

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