WO1990004100A1 - Device for injecting fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Device for injecting fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990004100A1
WO1990004100A1 PCT/DE1989/000593 DE8900593W WO9004100A1 WO 1990004100 A1 WO1990004100 A1 WO 1990004100A1 DE 8900593 W DE8900593 W DE 8900593W WO 9004100 A1 WO9004100 A1 WO 9004100A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
injection
plasma generator
combustion chamber
central passage
radiator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1989/000593
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alf LÖFFLER
Iwan Komaroff
Günther Schmid
Wolfgang Grothe
Werner Grünwald
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO1990004100A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990004100A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/06—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the air sucked into the peripheral zones of the injection jets is preheated on the radiator, as a result of which the mixture formation, ignition and combustion is improved, which is particularly noticeable in the start-up and warm-up phase through reduced noise and pollutant emissions.
  • the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that an air preheating on or in the radiator to a temperature of over 1200 ° C is achievable, so that in relation to the top dead center of the piston Internal combustion engine can always be injected later and noise can be achieved without sacrificing performance and consumption. Intensive combustion after top dead center reduces soot and HC emissions. These high temperatures can no longer be achieved with incandescent bodies made of metal or conductive ceramics in continuous operation. The higher the selected plasma temperature and the operating time of the arrangement, the hotter the electrodes. In special cases, the electrodes can be cooled by the fuel jets if the central passage in the heating element is dimensioned such that its wall is touched by the injection jets. If alternative fuels, in particular alcohols, are used, an arrangement with beam contact can be carried out specifically for further intensification of the ignition.
  • a particularly intensive and low-loss mixture formation occurs in the edge zones of the injection jets if a guide orifice is assigned to the electrode of the plasma generator closer to the injection nozzle, which radially overlaps the external mouth area of the ventilation opening in the radiator and is provided with axial openings. Via which a subset of the sucked-in air reaches a jet-shaping space between the injection nozzle and the guide orifice or the one electrode of the plasma generator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the radiator and the combustion chamber section of an injection nozzle according to the exemplary embodiment and FIG. 2 shows the circuit of an electrical supply device for the radiator according to FIG. 1.
  • the injection nozzle designed as a throttle pin nozzle has a nozzle body 10 which is fastened by a clamping nut 12 to a nozzle holder (not shown).
  • a valve needle is slidably mounted, which is provided with a throttle pin 14 and controls a passage for conical injection jets 16 in the bottom 18 of the nozzle body 10.
  • the injection nozzle is seated in an installation bore 20 in the cylinder head 22 of the internal combustion engine, which merges at an annular shoulder 24 into a channel 26 with a smaller diameter, which leads into the combustion chamber or into a prechamber of the engine.
  • the housing 28 of a radiator is attached, which has a central passage 32 for the injection jets 16 and extends into the channel 26 with radial play.
  • the heating element 30 has two ring elements 34, 36 arranged one behind the other at an axial distance and made of high-temperature-resistant, electrically conductive material, which directly surround the central passage 32 and between them define an annular gap 38 leading into the passage 32 .
  • the ring body 34 has an upwardly angled ring flange 40 which is fastened to the inside of the housing 28.
  • the ring body 36 is fixed by an electrically insulating ceramic mass 42 in a sleeve-shaped extension 44 of the housing 28, which is provided with a central passage 46 for the injection jets 16.
  • An annular space 48 is formed between the shoulder 44 of the housing 28 and the wall of the channel 26 and connects via holes 50 in the housing 10 or in the shoulder 44 to an annular space 52 in the interior of the shoulder 44 surrounding the outer mouth region of the annular gap 38 - that is.
  • the annular space 52 is connected via holes 54 in the annular flange 40 to a free space 56 between the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle and the annular body 34.
  • the bores 54 are advantageously arranged directly above the bores 50 in the housing 28.
  • the central passage 32 has on the input side a short cylindrical section 58, which is followed by a conical section 60a, b adapted to the conical shape of the injection jets 16.
  • the two ring bodies 34, 36 which are made of high-temperature-resistant material, are designed as electrodes of a plasma generator, which heats the air in the annular gap 38 to very high temperatures, for example to 1200 ° C.
  • the ring body 34 forms the cathode of the plasma generator and is connected to ground via the housing 28, the clamping nut 12 and the cylinder head 22.
  • the ring body 36 is the anode of the plasma generator and is connected to a plasma ignition device 64 (FIG. 2) via an electrical feed line 62 which is insulated by the clamping nut.
  • the plasma ignition device 64 is also provided with control inputs 76, 78 for the individual arrangements 66, 68, 74, modulating ignition trigger and crankshaft position signals.
  • the distributor arrangement 74 connects the outputs 70 and 72 of the arrangements 66 and 68 to individual outputs 70a to 70d and 72a to 72d in a signal-controlled manner, which lead in pairs to the high-frequency transmitters 80, from which the arc currents are transmitted in a pulsed manner to the feed lines 62 the.
  • the injection jets 16 passing through the radiator 30 suck air from the combustion chamber or the prechamber through the channel 48 and the bores 50 into the annular space 52, from where a partial air quantity flows through the bores 54 in the space 56 and a partial amount of air over the annular gap 38 reaches the edge zones of the injection jets 16 and forms a jacket made of an ignitable air / fuel mixture there.
  • the annular body 34 forming the cathode of the plasma generator, with the integrally formed annular flange 40 acts as a guide diaphragm, which separates a jet-forming area directly adjacent to the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle from a lamp-heating area. This measure already reduces the harmful emissions of HC and NO.
  • the air sucked through the bores 54 into the space 56 cools along the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle, which also has a favorable effect on its operating behavior.
  • the air sucked in through the annular gap 38 into the edge zones of the injection jets 16 is so strongly ionized between the electrodes 34, 36 of the plasma generator that arcs are ignited between the electrodes, which increases the air to values, e.g. B. to 1 200 ° C, which can not be achieved by the previously known annealing arrangements. Due to the lack of thermal inertia, quick or immediate starts are possible even at low ambient temperatures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

Fuel injection devices have the problem that the heating temperature of the air sucked in is limited by the heat resistance of the material of the glow body or heater body. The higher this temperature, however, the lower the toxic emissions of HC and NO and the formation of soot. According to the invention, the heating body (30) is built as a plasma generator that allows the air to be heated above 1200°C, a temperature that can no longer be reached with solid metallic or conductive-ceramic glow bodies in continuous operation. The main field of application of the invention are Diesel engines.

Description

Einrichtung zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einer BrennkraftmaschineDevice for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Einrichtung nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Bei derartigen Einrichtungen wird die in die Randzo¬ nen der Einspritzstrahlen eingesaugte Luft am Heizkörper vorgewärmt, wodurch die Gemischbildung, Zündung und Verbrennung verbessert wird, was sich besonders in der Start- und Warmlaufphase durch verringerte Geräusch- und Schadstoffemission günstig bemerkbar macht. Diese Vor¬ teile sind umso größer, je höher die Vorwärmung der angesaugten Luft bzw. der mit dieser vermischten Randzonen der Einspritzstrahlen ist. Die bei den bekannten Einrichtungen der gattungsmäßigen Art (DE-Al 33 07 109) verwendeten Materialien für den Heiz- bzw. Glüh¬ körper haben jedoch nur eine begrenzte Warmfestigkeit, die einer Temperaturerhöhung im gewünschten Ausmaß entgegensteht.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of the main claim. In such devices, the air sucked into the peripheral zones of the injection jets is preheated on the radiator, as a result of which the mixture formation, ignition and combustion is improved, which is particularly noticeable in the start-up and warm-up phase through reduced noise and pollutant emissions. These advantages are greater the higher the preheating of the intake air or of the edge zones of the injection jets mixed with it. The materials used for the heating or glow element in the known devices of the generic type (DE-Al 33 07 109), however, have only a limited heat resistance, which prevents a temperature increase to the desired extent.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß eine Luftvorw rmung am bzw. im Heizkörper auf eine Temperatur von über 1 200 °C erziel¬ bar ist, so daß in Bezug auf den oberen Totpunkt des Kolbens der Brennkraftmaschine immer später eingespritzt werden kann und Ge¬ räuschverminderungen ohne Leistungs- und Verbrauchseinbuße erzielbar sind. Eine intensive Verbrennung nach dem oberen Totpunkt senkt die Ruß- und HC-Emission. Diese hohen Temperaturen lassen sich mit Glüh¬ körpern aus Metall oder leitenden Keramiken im Dauerbetrieb nicht mehr realisieren. Je höher die gewählte Plasmatemperatur und die Einschaltdauer der Anordnung ist, umso heißer werden die Elektroden. In besonderen Fällen kann eine Kühlung der Elektroden durch die Kraftstoffstrahlen erfolgen, wenn der zentrale Durchgang im Heiz¬ körper so bemessen ist, daß seine Wand von den Einspritzstrahlen be¬ rührt wird. Bei Verwendung alternativer Kraftstoffe, insbesondere Alkohole, kann eine Anordnung mit Strahlberührung für die weitere Intensivierung der Zündung gezielt ausgeführt werden.The arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that an air preheating on or in the radiator to a temperature of over 1200 ° C is achievable, so that in relation to the top dead center of the piston Internal combustion engine can always be injected later and noise can be achieved without sacrificing performance and consumption. Intensive combustion after top dead center reduces soot and HC emissions. These high temperatures can no longer be achieved with incandescent bodies made of metal or conductive ceramics in continuous operation. The higher the selected plasma temperature and the operating time of the arrangement, the hotter the electrodes. In special cases, the electrodes can be cooled by the fuel jets if the central passage in the heating element is dimensioned such that its wall is touched by the injection jets. If alternative fuels, in particular alcohols, are used, an arrangement with beam contact can be carried out specifically for further intensification of the ignition.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Merkmale sind vorteil¬ hafte Weiterbildungen der Anordnung nach dem Hauptanspruch möglich.The features listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments of the arrangement according to the main claim.
Eine besonders intensive und verlustarme Gemischbildung in den Rand¬ zonen der Einspritzstrahlen ergibt sich, wenn der der Einspritzdüse näherliegenden Elektrode des Plasmabildners eine Leitblende zugeord¬ net ist, die den außenliegenden Mündungsbereich der Belüftungsöff¬ nung im Heizkörper radial übergreift und mit axialen Durchbrüchen versehen ist, über welche eine Teilmenge der angesaugten Luft in ei¬ nen strahlformenden Raum zwischen der Einspritzdüse und der Leit¬ blende bzw. der einen Elektrode des Plasmabildners gelangt.A particularly intensive and low-loss mixture formation occurs in the edge zones of the injection jets if a guide orifice is assigned to the electrode of the plasma generator closer to the injection nozzle, which radially overlaps the external mouth area of the ventilation opening in the radiator and is provided with axial openings. Via which a subset of the sucked-in air reaches a jet-shaping space between the injection nozzle and the guide orifice or the one electrode of the plasma generator.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung darge¬ stellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch den Heizkörper und den brennraumseitigen Abschnitt einer Einspritzdüse gemäß dem Ausfüh¬ rungsbeispiel und Figur 2 die Schaltung einer elektrischen Versor¬ gungseinrichtung für den Heizkörper nach Figur 1. Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsAn embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the radiator and the combustion chamber section of an injection nozzle according to the exemplary embodiment and FIG. 2 shows the circuit of an electrical supply device for the radiator according to FIG. 1. Description of the embodiment
Die als Drosselzapfendüse ausgebildete Einspritzdüse hat einen Dü¬ senkörper 10, der durch eine Spannmutter 12 an einem nicht darge¬ stellten Düsenhalter befestigt ist. Im Düsenkorper 10 ist eine Ven¬ tilnadel verschiebbar gelagert, die mit einem Drosselzapfen 14 ver¬ sehen ist und einen Durchgang für kegelige Einspritzstrahlen 16 im Boden 18 des Düsenkörpers 10 steuert. Die Einspritzdüse sitzt in ei¬ ner Einbaubohrung 20 im Zylinderkopf 22 der Brennkraftmaschine, wel¬ che an einer Ringschulter 24 in einen im Durchmesser kleineren Kanal 26 übergeht, der in den Brennraum bzw. in eine Vorkammer der Ma¬ schine führt.The injection nozzle designed as a throttle pin nozzle has a nozzle body 10 which is fastened by a clamping nut 12 to a nozzle holder (not shown). In the nozzle body 10, a valve needle is slidably mounted, which is provided with a throttle pin 14 and controls a passage for conical injection jets 16 in the bottom 18 of the nozzle body 10. The injection nozzle is seated in an installation bore 20 in the cylinder head 22 of the internal combustion engine, which merges at an annular shoulder 24 into a channel 26 with a smaller diameter, which leads into the combustion chamber or into a prechamber of the engine.
Am brennraumseitigen Stirnende der Spannmutter 12 ist das Gehäuse 28 eines ingesamt mit der Bezugszahl 30 bezeichneten Heizkörpers befe¬ stigt, der einen zentralen Durchgang 32 für die Einspritzstrahlen 16 hat und sich mit radialem Spiel in den Kanal 26 hinein erstreckt.At the end of the clamping nut 12 on the combustion chamber side, the housing 28 of a radiator, generally designated with the reference number 30, is attached, which has a central passage 32 for the injection jets 16 and extends into the channel 26 with radial play.
Der Heizkörper 30 hat zwei mit axialem Abstand hintereinander ange¬ ordnete, aus hochtemperaturfestem, elektrisch leitenden Material be¬ stehende Ringkörper 34, 36, die den zentralen Durchgang 32 unmittel¬ bar umschließen und zwischen sich einen in den Durchgang 32 führen¬ den Ringspalt 38 begrenzen. Der Ringkörper 34 hat einen nach oben abgekröpften Ringflansch 40, der innen am Gehäuse 28 befestigt ist. Der Ringkörper 36 ist durch eine elektrisch isolierende keramische Masse 42 in einem hülsenförmigen Ansatz 44 des Gehäuses 28 festge¬ legt, der mit einem zentralen Durchlaß 46 für die Einspritzstrahlen 16 versehen ist.The heating element 30 has two ring elements 34, 36 arranged one behind the other at an axial distance and made of high-temperature-resistant, electrically conductive material, which directly surround the central passage 32 and between them define an annular gap 38 leading into the passage 32 . The ring body 34 has an upwardly angled ring flange 40 which is fastened to the inside of the housing 28. The ring body 36 is fixed by an electrically insulating ceramic mass 42 in a sleeve-shaped extension 44 of the housing 28, which is provided with a central passage 46 for the injection jets 16.
Zwischen dem Ansatz 44 des Gehäuses 28 und der Wand des Kanals 26 ist ein Ringraum 48 gebildet, der über Bohrungen 50 im Gehäuse 10 bzw. im Ansatz 44 mit einem den äußeren Mündungsbereich des Ring¬ spalts 38 umgebenden Ringraum 52 im Inneren des Ansatzes 44 verbun- den ist. Der Ringraum 52 ist über Bohrungen 54 im Ringflansch 40 mit einem freien Raum 56 zwischen dem Boden 18 der Einspritzdüse und dem Ringkörper 34 verbunden. Die Bohrungen 54 sind vorteilhaft unmittel¬ bar über den Bohrungen 50 im Gehäuse 28 angeordnet. Der zentrale Durchgang 32 hat eingangsseitig einen kurzen zylindrischen Abschnitt 58, an den sich ein der Kegelform der Einspritzstrahlen 16 ange¬ paßter konischer Abschnitt 60a, b anschließt.An annular space 48 is formed between the shoulder 44 of the housing 28 and the wall of the channel 26 and connects via holes 50 in the housing 10 or in the shoulder 44 to an annular space 52 in the interior of the shoulder 44 surrounding the outer mouth region of the annular gap 38 - that is. The annular space 52 is connected via holes 54 in the annular flange 40 to a free space 56 between the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle and the annular body 34. The bores 54 are advantageously arranged directly above the bores 50 in the housing 28. The central passage 32 has on the input side a short cylindrical section 58, which is followed by a conical section 60a, b adapted to the conical shape of the injection jets 16.
Die beiden aus hochtemperaturfestem Stoff bestehenden Ringkörper 34, 36 sind als Elektroden eines Plasmabildners ausgebildet, welches die Luft im Ringspalt 38 auf sehr hohe Temperaturen, beispielsweise auf 1 200 °C erwärmt. Der Ringkörper 34 bildet die Kathode des Plasma¬ bildners und ist über das Gehäuse 28, die Spannmutter 12 und den Zylinderkopf 22 mit Masse verbunden. Der Ringkörper 36 ist die Anode des Plasmabildners und über eine durch die Spannmutter isoliert durchgeführte elektrische Zuleitung 62 mit einem Plasmazündgerät 64 (Figur 2) verbunden. Dieses enthält eine Anordnung 66 zur Lichtbo¬ genstrom-Erzeugung und eine Anordnung 68 zur Hochfrequenz-Erzeugung, deren Ausgänge 70 bzw. 72 mit einer Verteileranordnung 74 verbunden sind. Das Plasmazündgerät 64 ist ferner mit Steuereingängen 76, 78 für die einzelnen Anordnungen 66, 68, 74 modulierende Zündaus¬ löse- und Kurbelwellenstellungssignale versehen. Die Verteileranord¬ nung 74 verbindet signalgesteuert die Ausgänge 70 und 72 der Anord¬ nungen 66 und 68 mit Einzelausgängen 70a bis 70d und 72a bis 72d, welche paarweise zur Hochfrequenz-Übertragern 80 führen, von denen die Lichtbogenströme gepulst auf die Zuleitungen 62 übertragen wer¬ den.The two ring bodies 34, 36, which are made of high-temperature-resistant material, are designed as electrodes of a plasma generator, which heats the air in the annular gap 38 to very high temperatures, for example to 1200 ° C. The ring body 34 forms the cathode of the plasma generator and is connected to ground via the housing 28, the clamping nut 12 and the cylinder head 22. The ring body 36 is the anode of the plasma generator and is connected to a plasma ignition device 64 (FIG. 2) via an electrical feed line 62 which is insulated by the clamping nut. This contains an arrangement 66 for generating arcing current and an arrangement 68 for high-frequency generation, the outputs 70 and 72 of which are connected to a distributor arrangement 74. The plasma ignition device 64 is also provided with control inputs 76, 78 for the individual arrangements 66, 68, 74, modulating ignition trigger and crankshaft position signals. The distributor arrangement 74 connects the outputs 70 and 72 of the arrangements 66 and 68 to individual outputs 70a to 70d and 72a to 72d in a signal-controlled manner, which lead in pairs to the high-frequency transmitters 80, from which the arc currents are transmitted in a pulsed manner to the feed lines 62 the.
Im Betrieb der Einspritzdüse saugen die durch den Heizkörper 30 hin¬ durchtretenden Einspritzstrahlen 16 durch Injektorwirkung Luft aus dem Brennraum bzw. der Vorkammer über den Kanal 48 und die Bohrungen 50 in den Ringraum 52 ein, von wo eine Teilluftmenge über die Boh¬ rungen 54 in den Raum 56 und eine Teilluftmenge über den Ringspalt 38 in die Randzonen der Einspritzstrahlen 16 gelangt und dort einen Mantel aus zündwilligem Luft-Brennstoffgemisch bildet. Hierbei wirkt der die Kathode des Plasmabildners bildende Ringkörper 34 mit dem einstückig angeformten Ringflansch 40 als Leitblende, die einen un¬ mittelbar an den Boden 18 der Einspritzdüse angrenzenden strahlfor¬ menden Bereich von einem strahlerhitzenden Bereich trennt. Bereits durch diese Maßnahme wird eine Reduzierung der Schademissionen von HC und NO erreicht. Die durch die Bohrungen 54 in den Raum 56 einge¬ saugte Luft streicht kühlend am Boden 18 der Einspritzdüse entlang, was sich ebenfalls günstig auf deren Betriebsverhalten auswirkt.When the injection nozzle is in operation, the injection jets 16 passing through the radiator 30 suck air from the combustion chamber or the prechamber through the channel 48 and the bores 50 into the annular space 52, from where a partial air quantity flows through the bores 54 in the space 56 and a partial amount of air over the annular gap 38 reaches the edge zones of the injection jets 16 and forms a jacket made of an ignitable air / fuel mixture there. In this case, the annular body 34 forming the cathode of the plasma generator, with the integrally formed annular flange 40, acts as a guide diaphragm, which separates a jet-forming area directly adjacent to the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle from a lamp-heating area. This measure already reduces the harmful emissions of HC and NO. The air sucked through the bores 54 into the space 56 cools along the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle, which also has a favorable effect on its operating behavior.
Die durch den Ringspalt 38 in die Randzonen der Einspritzstrahlen 16 eingesaugte Luft wird zwischen den Elektroden 34, 36 des Plasmabild¬ ners so stark ionisiert, daß zwischen den Elektroden Lichtbogen ge¬ zündet werden, welche die Luft auf Werte erhöht, z. B. auf 1 200 °C, die durch die bisher bekannten Glühanordnungen nicht erreichbar sind. Infolge Fehlens von thermischer Trägheit sind Schnell- bzw. Sofortstarts auch bei tiefen Umgebungstemperaturen möglich. The air sucked in through the annular gap 38 into the edge zones of the injection jets 16 is so strongly ionized between the electrodes 34, 36 of the plasma generator that arcs are ignited between the electrodes, which increases the air to values, e.g. B. to 1 200 ° C, which can not be achieved by the previously known annealing arrangements. Due to the lack of thermal inertia, quick or immediate starts are possible even at low ambient temperatures.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Einrichtung zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, mit einer Einspritzdüse und einem deren Spritz¬ öffnung nachgeordneten, in den Brennraum führenden Kanal, in welchem ein mit einem zentralen Durchgang für die Einspritzstrahlen verse¬ hener Heizkörper angeordnet ist, der mit der Kanalwand einen mit dem Brennraum ständig in Verbindung stehenden Ringraum begrenzt und min¬ destens eine vom Ringraum in den zentralen Durchgang führende ra¬ diale Belüftungsöffnung enthält, über welche die Einspritzstrahlen durch Injektorwirkung Luft aus dem Brennraum an- und in ihre Rand¬ zonen einsaugen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Heizkörper (30) mindestens im wesentlichen durch die beiden Elektroden (34, 36) ei¬ nes Plasmabildners gebildet ist, die mit axialem Abstand hinter¬ einander angeordnet sind und zwischen sich die radiale Belüftungs¬ öffnung (38) des Heizkörpers (30) begrenzen.1. Device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, with an injection nozzle and a duct downstream of the injection opening and leading into the combustion chamber, in which a heating element provided with a central passage for the injection jets is arranged, which is connected to the The channel wall bounds an annular space which is constantly connected to the combustion space and contains at least one radial ventilation opening leading from the annular space into the central passage, through which the injection jets suck air from the combustion space and suck it into its peripheral zones by the injector effect, thereby characterized in that the heating element (30) is formed at least essentially by the two electrodes (34, 36) of a plasma generator, which are arranged one behind the other at an axial distance and between them the radial ventilation opening (38) of the heating element ( 30) limit.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der der Einspritzdüse näher liegenden Elektrode (34) des Plasmabildners eine Leitblende (40) zugeordnet ist, die den außen liegenden Mündungsbe¬ reich der Belüftungsöffnung (38) im Heizkörper (30) radial über¬ greift und mit axialen Durchbrüchen (54) versehen ist, über welche eine Teilmenge der angesaugten Luft in einen strahlformenden Raum (56) zwischen der Einspritzdüse und der Leitblende (40) bzw. der ei¬ nen Elektrode (34) des Plasmabildners gelangt. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode (34) of the plasma generator, which is closer to the injection nozzle, is associated with a guide orifice (40) which radially overrides the outside mouth area of the ventilation opening (38) in the radiator (30) engages and is provided with axial openings (54), via which a portion of the sucked-in air reaches a jet-shaping space (56) between the injection nozzle and the guide orifice (40) or the electrode (34) of the plasma generator.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitblende (40) einstückig an die eine Elektrode (34) des Plasma¬ bildners angeformt ist.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide diaphragm (40) is integrally formed on the one electrode (34) of the plasma generator.
4. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die beiden Elektroden (34, 36) des Plasmabildners mit radialem Abstand von einer sie tragenden Hülse (44) umgeben sind, die mit einem zentralen Durchlaß (46) für die Einspritzstrah¬ len versehen ist und mit der Kanalwand (26) einen äußeren Ringraum (48) begrenzt, der über radiale Durchbrüche (50) in der Hülse (44) mit einem die radiale Belüftungsöffnung (38) des Heizkörpers (30) umgebenden inneren Ringraum (52) verbunden ist.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the two electrodes (34, 36) of the plasma generator are surrounded at a radial distance by a sleeve (44) carrying them, which with a central passage (46) for the injection jet ¬ len is provided and with the channel wall (26) delimits an outer annular space (48) which, via radial openings (50) in the sleeve (44) with an inner annular space (52) surrounding the radial ventilation opening (38) of the radiator (30) ) connected is.
5. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die brennraumseitige Elektrode (36) des Plasmabildners die mit einer Zu¬ führungsleitung (62) verbundene Anode bildet und durch eine ke¬ ramische Masse (42) isoliert in der Hülse (44) festgelegt ist.5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the combustion chamber-side electrode (36) of the plasma generator forms the anode connected to a supply line (62) and is insulated by a ceramic mass (42) in the sleeve (44) .
6. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit einer Drosselzapfendüse mit kegelförmigen Einspritzstrahlen, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß der zentrale Durchgang (32) im Heizkörper (30) eingangsseitig einen kurzen zylindrischen Abschnitt (58) und daran anschließend einen sich entsprechend der Kegelform der Einspritz¬ strahlen (16) sich konisch erweiternden Abschnitt (60a, b) aufweist. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, with a throttle pin nozzle with conical injection jets, characterized ge indicates that the central passage (32) in the radiator (30) on the input side a short cylindrical section (58) and then a corresponding to the conical shape of the Injection jets (16) has a conically widening section (60a, b).
PCT/DE1989/000593 1988-10-05 1989-09-16 Device for injecting fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine WO1990004100A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DEP3833803.3 1988-10-05
DE19883833803 DE3833803A1 (en) 1988-10-05 1988-10-05 DEVICE FOR INJECTING FUEL INTO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

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DE19621531A1 (en) * 1996-05-29 1997-12-04 Daimler Benz Ag Method of Air induction handling method for internal combustion engine
US8875685B2 (en) 2008-03-20 2014-11-04 Aquafuel Research Limited Combustion method and apparatus

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DE4224344A1 (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-01-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Fuel injection nozzle incorporating glow plug for diesel engine - has e.g. three loops of resistance wire mounted in heat-resistant ceramic end of socket and connected electrically in parallel
US5377633A (en) * 1993-07-12 1995-01-03 Siemens Automotive L.P. Railplug direct injector/ignitor assembly
FR2864173B1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2007-12-28 Renault Sas IGNITION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CYLINDER HEAD EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE
DE102008034732B4 (en) * 2007-09-25 2016-10-06 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Internal combustion engine including plasma generating device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19621531A1 (en) * 1996-05-29 1997-12-04 Daimler Benz Ag Method of Air induction handling method for internal combustion engine
US8875685B2 (en) 2008-03-20 2014-11-04 Aquafuel Research Limited Combustion method and apparatus

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EP0437446A1 (en) 1991-07-24
JPH04501152A (en) 1992-02-27
DE3833803A1 (en) 1990-04-12

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