WO1990000666A1 - Device for steering the direction of drilling - Google Patents

Device for steering the direction of drilling Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1990000666A1
WO1990000666A1 PCT/NO1988/000057 NO8800057W WO9000666A1 WO 1990000666 A1 WO1990000666 A1 WO 1990000666A1 NO 8800057 W NO8800057 W NO 8800057W WO 9000666 A1 WO9000666 A1 WO 9000666A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
packer
drilling
outer pipe
accordance
core barrel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1988/000057
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Viktor Tokle
Original Assignee
Stiftelsen For Industriell Og Teknisk Forskning Ved Nth (Sintef)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NO871068A priority Critical patent/NO168962C/en
Priority to SE8800945A priority patent/SE502676C2/en
Application filed by Stiftelsen For Industriell Og Teknisk Forskning Ved Nth (Sintef) filed Critical Stiftelsen For Industriell Og Teknisk Forskning Ved Nth (Sintef)
Priority to PCT/NO1988/000057 priority patent/WO1990000666A1/en
Priority to AU19976/88A priority patent/AU626528B2/en
Priority to EP88906141A priority patent/EP0391899A1/en
Publication of WO1990000666A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990000666A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/062—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft rotating inside a non-rotating guide travelling with the shaft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1057—Centralising devices with rollers or with a relatively rotating sleeve
    • E21B17/1064—Pipes or rods with a relatively rotating sleeve
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole

Definitions

  • the invention applies to a device of the type indicate in Claim of Patent 1 for steering the direction of drilling when, for example drilling under fjords, and during the geological mapping of natural resources such as iron ore, minerals, oil and gas.
  • Directional control is obtained at present by using wedges, or drilling is done with two drilling strings with an eccentric bearing located on the front pipe. Both these methods are costly and demanding in terms of labour. Holes with larger diameters can be steered using a turbomotor in the front pipe. Since this method is also expensive it is usually restricted to drilling for oil and gas.
  • the main objective with the invention is to design a means of steering the direction of drilling so that a hole can b drilled in any direction.
  • the device required for this purpose must be simple and inexpensive to produce. It must be easy to use, be robust and require minimal maintenance.
  • a device in accordance with the invention will represent considerable improvements compared with known equip ⁇ ment.
  • the device which is known as a directional drill is to be used in connection with known, standard drilling strings. This means that there are no restrictions on drilling depth apart fro the length of the drilling string and the capacity of the rig.
  • the device is not restricted to a particular diameter of hole. There is however a certain minimum diameter required to allow room for the components.
  • the drilling string can be adjusted so that it is eccentric in relation to the axis of the hole that has already been drilled.
  • Figure 1 shows an axial longitudinal section along the connection between the drilling string and a device in accordanc with the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows an equivalent section of a packer whic is attached to this connection and linked further to an outer pipe in the drilling device, whilst
  • Figure 3 shows the front end of the drilling device complete with an eccentric bearing and a bit.
  • Figure 4 shows a section along A-A
  • Figure 5 shows a section along B-B.
  • a drilling string 11 is screwed to a connection pipe 12 which is internally threaded at its lower end to connect with a drive shaft 13 which forms an extension to the drilling string.
  • the drive shaft 13 is axially moveable in a lower bearing 14 and also supports an upper bearing 15 at the junction with connection pipe 12.
  • Bearing 15 can be moved inside a housing 16 which stretches from the connection pipe 12 and downwards until it joins a packer 17.
  • the housing 16 has a number of functions. It encloses a helical spring 18 which is placed concentrically on the drive shaft 13 between bearings 14 and 15 to maintain tension in the direction of the lower end of the device when the drilling string 11 is pressed vertically downwards.
  • the lower end of the housing 16 also has space for an inclinometer 19 which is used to register the angle of the housing 16 about its axis.
  • the inclino ⁇ meter 19 is linked to a transmitter 20 which is powered by a battery 21, signals being transmitted to a control room about the angle of the housing 16.
  • the interior of the housing 16 is sealed by a packing box 22 and two more bearings, an upper bearing 23 and a lower bearing 24 located on each side of the packing box.
  • the lower end of the housing 16 is threaded internally so that a packer 17 can be screwed into it.
  • the connection between the housing 16 and the packer 17 is made by a pipe end or a nipple 25 with external threads.
  • the packer 17 is designed in known way with an expand- /00666
  • the packer's 17 pressure chamber 29 is connected to the interior of the drilling string through an orifice 30 in the wal of the drilling string.
  • This orifice 30 is placed in a union 31 that links the drive shaft 13 to the lower drive shaft 32.
  • the axial orifice in the union 31 forms a constriction or nozzle to ensure that there is sufficient operating pressure for the packe
  • the lower end of the packer 17 has internal threads s that it can be joined to a connecting housing 33 which is screwe into an outer pipe 34 which protrudes downwards. This is the lower end of the device which extends towards the drilling bit
  • the outer pipe 34 is split into an upper part 34A and a low part 34B.
  • An eccentric bearing 36 is located between the two elements in the outer pipe.
  • the eccentric bearing 36 is mainly shaped as a connecting nipple with external threads on both end and an eccentric space 36A through it (Fig. 5) which is designe to house a core barrel 37.
  • the lower drive shaft 32 is connected to the core barrel 37 by means of a muff-like connecting sleeve 38 which is externally screwed onto the lower drive shaft 32 and internally screwed into the core barrel 37.
  • the core barrel 37 is led through a slide bearing 39 and a sealing ring 40 to the bit 35 which is threaded internally.
  • the sealing ring 40 and the slide bearing 39 are both contained in a housing 41 which is screwed into the lower end of the outer pipe 34B.
  • the eccentric bearing 36 ensures that the core barrel
  • the drill Prior to use, the drill is placed in a jig so that it can be adjusted to the directional deviation required.
  • the eccentric bearing 36 is set in the direction required and the components are locked.
  • the inclinometer 19 is set so that this gives signals about the required direction of the eccentric bearing.
  • the directional drill is screwed together with this turning ratio between the inclinometer and the eccentric bearing.
  • the directional drill is then run into the bottom of the hole.
  • the driller slowly turns the drilling string 11 in the hol until it receives the signal indicating the correct direction from the inclinometer 1 .
  • the water pressure is turned on in the drilling string. This will make the packer 17 hold the outer pip 34 still in relation to the hole wall and thereby position the eccentric bearing 36.
  • the device is now correctly oriented and drilling can commence.
  • Drilling is then carried out to a predetermined depth, depending on how much deviation is required per metre.
  • the maximal drilling length may for instance be 0.5 m.
  • the annulus between the connecting housing 33 and the eccentric bearing 36 is topped up with oil to provide lubricatio for the eccentric bearing and the front bearing 39.
  • the sealing ring 40 prevents any leakage of oil. This space is sealed agains the interior of the packer 17 by a packing box 42 in the lower end of the connecting housing 33, with bearings 43 and 44 at eac end.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

A device for steering the direction of a rock drill with an outer pipe (34) and a core barrel (37) which is led through an eccentric bearing (36) in the outer pipe to incline the direction of a drilling bit (35). The outer pipe is connected to a packer (17) which is designed to hold the device against the wall of the hole. The packer is in fixed coupling with an inclinometer (19) with a transmitter (20). The device allows an operator on the surface to set the direction of the eccentric bearing without any mechanical transfer apart from the drilling string (11).

Description

Device for steering the direction of drilling
The invention applies to a device of the type indicate in Claim of Patent 1 for steering the direction of drilling when, for example drilling under fjords, and during the geological mapping of natural resources such as iron ore, minerals, oil and gas.
Priof art
Directional control is obtained at present by using wedges, or drilling is done with two drilling strings with an eccentric bearing located on the front pipe. Both these methods are costly and demanding in terms of labour. Holes with larger diameters can be steered using a turbomotor in the front pipe. Since this method is also expensive it is usually restricted to drilling for oil and gas.
Objectives:
The main objective with the invention is to design a means of steering the direction of drilling so that a hole can b drilled in any direction. The device required for this purpose must be simple and inexpensive to produce. It must be easy to use, be robust and require minimal maintenance.
Principle of the invention:
The principle of the invention is described in Claim o /00666
2 Patent 1 .
The subsidiary claims of patent state other advant¬ ageous features of the invention.
A device in accordance with the invention will represent considerable improvements compared with known equip¬ ment. The device, which is known as a directional drill is to be used in connection with known, standard drilling strings. This means that there are no restrictions on drilling depth apart fro the length of the drilling string and the capacity of the rig.
The device is not restricted to a particular diameter of hole. There is however a certain minimum diameter required to allow room for the components.
When using the device, the drilling string can be adjusted so that it is eccentric in relation to the axis of the hole that has already been drilled.
Example:
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the illustrations, where
Figure 1 shows an axial longitudinal section along the connection between the drilling string and a device in accordanc with the invention.
Figure 2 shows an equivalent section of a packer whic is attached to this connection and linked further to an outer pipe in the drilling device, whilst
Figure 3 shows the front end of the drilling device complete with an eccentric bearing and a bit. 3
Figure 4 shows a section along A-A, while
Figure 5 shows a section along B-B.
A drilling string 11 is screwed to a connection pipe 12 which is internally threaded at its lower end to connect with a drive shaft 13 which forms an extension to the drilling string. The drive shaft 13 is axially moveable in a lower bearing 14 and also supports an upper bearing 15 at the junction with connection pipe 12. Bearing 15 can be moved inside a housing 16 which stretches from the connection pipe 12 and downwards until it joins a packer 17.
The housing 16 has a number of functions. It encloses a helical spring 18 which is placed concentrically on the drive shaft 13 between bearings 14 and 15 to maintain tension in the direction of the lower end of the device when the drilling string 11 is pressed vertically downwards. The lower end of the housing 16 also has space for an inclinometer 19 which is used to register the angle of the housing 16 about its axis. The inclino¬ meter 19 is linked to a transmitter 20 which is powered by a battery 21, signals being transmitted to a control room about the angle of the housing 16.
The interior of the housing 16 is sealed by a packing box 22 and two more bearings, an upper bearing 23 and a lower bearing 24 located on each side of the packing box. The lower end of the housing 16 is threaded internally so that a packer 17 can be screwed into it. The connection between the housing 16 and the packer 17 is made by a pipe end or a nipple 25 with external threads. There is also a locking nut 26 on the housing 16.
The packer 17 is designed in known way with an expand- /00666
4 ing central element 27 with longitudinal ribs which form ducts 2
(Fig.4) . The packer's 17 pressure chamber 29 is connected to the interior of the drilling string through an orifice 30 in the wal of the drilling string. This orifice 30 is placed in a union 31 that links the drive shaft 13 to the lower drive shaft 32. The axial orifice in the union 31 forms a constriction or nozzle to ensure that there is sufficient operating pressure for the packe
17.
The lower end of the packer 17 has internal threads s that it can be joined to a connecting housing 33 which is screwe into an outer pipe 34 which protrudes downwards. This is the lower end of the device which extends towards the drilling bit
35. The outer pipe 34 is split into an upper part 34A and a low part 34B. An eccentric bearing 36 is located between the two elements in the outer pipe. The eccentric bearing 36 is mainly shaped as a connecting nipple with external threads on both end and an eccentric space 36A through it (Fig. 5) which is designe to house a core barrel 37.
The lower drive shaft 32 is connected to the core barrel 37 by means of a muff-like connecting sleeve 38 which is externally screwed onto the lower drive shaft 32 and internally screwed into the core barrel 37. The core barrel 37 is led through a slide bearing 39 and a sealing ring 40 to the bit 35 which is threaded internally. The sealing ring 40 and the slide bearing 39 are both contained in a housing 41 which is screwed into the lower end of the outer pipe 34B.
The eccentric bearing 36 ensures that the core barrel
37 is at an inclined angle in relation to the main axis of the 5 device. This makes it possible to define a drilling direction which is inclined in relation to the immediately overlying part of the hole.
Prior to use, the drill is placed in a jig so that it can be adjusted to the directional deviation required. The eccentric bearing 36 is set in the direction required and the components are locked. Then the inclinometer 19 is set so that this gives signals about the required direction of the eccentric bearing. The directional drill is screwed together with this turning ratio between the inclinometer and the eccentric bearing. The directional drill is then run into the bottom of the hole. Next, the driller slowly turns the drilling string 11 in the hol until it receives the signal indicating the correct direction from the inclinometer 1 . The water pressure is turned on in the drilling string. This will make the packer 17 hold the outer pip 34 still in relation to the hole wall and thereby position the eccentric bearing 36. The device is now correctly oriented and drilling can commence.
Drilling is then carried out to a predetermined depth, depending on how much deviation is required per metre. The maximal drilling length may for instance be 0.5 m.
When this predetermined section has been drilled, the water pressure is cut off. The packer 17 will then be released from the wall of the hole and the spring 18 in the housing will then press the packer and the components attached t it in the direction of the bottom of the hole. The driller slowl turns the drilling string once more until the signals from the inclinometer are registered. Everything is now ready for drillin 0/00666
6 a new section. This procedure is repeated until the core barrel
37 is full. Coring is then done in the usual way.
The annulus between the connecting housing 33 and the eccentric bearing 36 is topped up with oil to provide lubricatio for the eccentric bearing and the front bearing 39. The sealing ring 40 prevents any leakage of oil. This space is sealed agains the interior of the packer 17 by a packing box 42 in the lower end of the connecting housing 33, with bearings 43 and 44 at eac end.
Using an alternative means of design, grooves for return water are located inside the packer. These emerge on the outside of the drilling string above and below the packer.

Claims

7Claim of Patent:
1. A device for controlling the direction of a rock drill which consists of an outer pipe (34) and a core barrel (37) which is led through an eccentric bearing (36) in the outer pipe and which has a drilling bit (35) at its free end, and where a drilling fluid under pressure is fed through the interior of the core barrel, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the outer pipe (34) being connected to a packer (17) to hold the device against the wall of the hole, and that connected to the packer in a fixed coupling there is an inclinometer (19) with a battery-powered transmitter (20) to facilitate the remote control of the eccen¬ tric bearing's (36) position by turning the drilling string.
2. A device in accordance with Claim of Patent 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by an adjustable means of setting the turning position of the inclinometer (19) in relation to the eccentric bearing.
3. A device in accordance with Claims of Patent 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the supply of a pressure medium to the packer (17) being directed by leading the drilling fluid towards a constriction in the duct leading to the bit (35).
4. A device in accordance with one of Claims of Patent 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the packer (17) being pressed downwards by a helical spring (18) which is held by a stop (15) on the core barrel or is attached to a connected component (13).
5. A device in accordance with Claim of Patent 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the helical spring (18) which causes tension in the packer (17) being located between two axial bearings (14,15) .
PCT/NO1988/000057 1987-03-16 1988-07-07 Device for steering the direction of drilling WO1990000666A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO871068A NO168962C (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 GUIDELINES DRILLED
SE8800945A SE502676C2 (en) 1987-03-16 1988-03-16 Rock drill guide
PCT/NO1988/000057 WO1990000666A1 (en) 1987-03-16 1988-07-07 Device for steering the direction of drilling
AU19976/88A AU626528B2 (en) 1987-03-16 1988-07-07 Device for steering the direction of drilling
EP88906141A EP0391899A1 (en) 1987-03-16 1988-07-07 Device for steering the direction of drilling

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO871068A NO168962C (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 GUIDELINES DRILLED
PCT/NO1988/000057 WO1990000666A1 (en) 1987-03-16 1988-07-07 Device for steering the direction of drilling

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990000666A1 true WO1990000666A1 (en) 1990-01-25

Family

ID=26648013

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1988/000057 WO1990000666A1 (en) 1987-03-16 1988-07-07 Device for steering the direction of drilling

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0391899A1 (en)
AU (1) AU626528B2 (en)
NO (1) NO168962C (en)
SE (1) SE502676C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1990000666A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992014905A2 (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-09-03 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Device for the precise directional control of capping bores
WO2003080987A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and device for coring and/or directional drilling
WO2013028074A1 (en) * 2011-08-22 2013-02-28 Devico As Thrust bearing assembly for a wireline-operated directional core barrel drill
CN109931020A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-25 广州市沙唯士电子科技有限公司 A kind of heavy duty detergent detecting devices of the high reliablity for iron ore

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO308552B1 (en) * 1998-12-09 2000-09-25 Devico As Device for non-conforming drills

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1305536A (en) * 1961-08-14 1962-10-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc Anchoring device for tube columns, usable in particular when drilling wells
FR1354032A (en) * 1963-04-26 1964-02-28 Drilling device
GB1139908A (en) * 1966-05-02 1969-01-15 Drilco Oil Tools Inc Well bore drilling apparatus
SE410753B (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-10-29 Haglund Mats Torbjorn DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A DRILL CROWN IN A PARTICULAR PATH
SE424214B (en) * 1980-11-06 1982-07-05 Mats T Haglund Device to orient a steering device in connection with the drilling of crooked holes in rock
DE3326885C1 (en) * 1983-07-26 1984-08-16 Christensen, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah Method and apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations
DE3406364C1 (en) * 1983-07-26 1984-11-22 Christensen, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah Method and device for directional drilling in underground rock formations
WO1986000111A1 (en) * 1984-06-12 1986-01-03 Universal Downhole Controls, Ltd. Controllable downhole directional drilling tool
DE2728540C2 (en) * 1976-09-22 1986-08-21 LaCoste and Romberg, Inc., Austin, Tex. Apparatus and method for aligning an instrument within a borehole

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1305536A (en) * 1961-08-14 1962-10-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc Anchoring device for tube columns, usable in particular when drilling wells
FR1354032A (en) * 1963-04-26 1964-02-28 Drilling device
GB1139908A (en) * 1966-05-02 1969-01-15 Drilco Oil Tools Inc Well bore drilling apparatus
DE2728540C2 (en) * 1976-09-22 1986-08-21 LaCoste and Romberg, Inc., Austin, Tex. Apparatus and method for aligning an instrument within a borehole
SE410753B (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-10-29 Haglund Mats Torbjorn DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A DRILL CROWN IN A PARTICULAR PATH
SE424214B (en) * 1980-11-06 1982-07-05 Mats T Haglund Device to orient a steering device in connection with the drilling of crooked holes in rock
DE3326885C1 (en) * 1983-07-26 1984-08-16 Christensen, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah Method and apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations
DE3406364C1 (en) * 1983-07-26 1984-11-22 Christensen, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah Method and device for directional drilling in underground rock formations
WO1986000111A1 (en) * 1984-06-12 1986-01-03 Universal Downhole Controls, Ltd. Controllable downhole directional drilling tool

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992014905A2 (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-09-03 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Device for the precise directional control of capping bores
WO1992014905A3 (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-11-26 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Device for the precise directional control of capping bores
WO2003080987A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and device for coring and/or directional drilling
BE1014730A3 (en) * 2002-03-27 2004-03-02 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc Method and device for core and / or drilling devie.
US7021404B2 (en) 2002-03-27 2006-04-04 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and device for deviated coring and/or drilling
WO2013028074A1 (en) * 2011-08-22 2013-02-28 Devico As Thrust bearing assembly for a wireline-operated directional core barrel drill
CN109931020A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-25 广州市沙唯士电子科技有限公司 A kind of heavy duty detergent detecting devices of the high reliablity for iron ore

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE502676C2 (en) 1995-12-04
AU626528B2 (en) 1992-08-06
NO168962B (en) 1992-01-13
SE8800945L (en) 1988-09-17
AU1997688A (en) 1990-02-05
NO871068D0 (en) 1987-03-16
EP0391899A1 (en) 1990-10-17
NO871068L (en) 1988-09-19
SE8800945D0 (en) 1988-03-16
NO168962C (en) 1992-04-22

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