WO1989010416A1 - PEPTIDES PROTECTEURS DERIVES DU VIRUS-1 gp160 D'IMMUNODEFICIENCE HUMAIN - Google Patents

PEPTIDES PROTECTEURS DERIVES DU VIRUS-1 gp160 D'IMMUNODEFICIENCE HUMAIN Download PDF

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WO1989010416A1
WO1989010416A1 PCT/US1989/001621 US8901621W WO8910416A1 WO 1989010416 A1 WO1989010416 A1 WO 1989010416A1 US 8901621 W US8901621 W US 8901621W WO 8910416 A1 WO8910416 A1 WO 8910416A1
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daltons
cells
glycoprotein
antibodies
gln
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PCT/US1989/001621
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English (en)
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David B. Weiner
Mark I. Greene
William V. Williams
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Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania
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Publication of WO1989010416A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989010416A1/fr
Priority to KR1019890702406A priority Critical patent/KR900700626A/ko

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/70—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving virus or bacteriophage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/08—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses
    • C07K16/10—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
    • C07K16/1036—Retroviridae, e.g. leukemia viruses
    • C07K16/1045—Lentiviridae, e.g. HIV, FIV, SIV
    • C07K16/1063—Lentiviridae, e.g. HIV, FIV, SIV env, e.g. gp41, gp110/120, gp160, V3, PND, CD4 binding site
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2740/00—Reverse transcribing RNA viruses
    • C12N2740/00011—Details
    • C12N2740/10011—Retroviridae
    • C12N2740/16011—Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV
    • C12N2740/16111—Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV concerning HIV env
    • C12N2740/16122—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes

Definitions

  • polypeptides are also useful in methods of interfering with the effects of HIV-1 upon host cells having surface polypeptides capable of binding HIV-1.
  • Antibodies and glycoproteins are examples of polypeptides which may provide a suitable antigenic determinant or determinants for use in the invention.
  • glycoproteins are obtained from HSB ST, HeLa and human cells.
  • the contacting is effected unde conditions selected to permit the polypeptide to bind to th virus thereby inhibiting binding of the virus to the host cell and effecting the interference.
  • Methods for detecting the presence of neutralizin antibodies to HIV-1 in biological specimens suspected o containing HIV-1 are also provided.
  • the polypeptide is then detected.
  • the polypeptide i detectably labeled with a label known in the art. Using thes methods the course of treatment of cells with neutralizin antibodies or polypeptides can be followed.
  • the peptide is then detected.
  • the peptide is detectably labele with a label known in the art.
  • the invention further provides methods of determinin the presence of neutralizing antibodies to huma immunodeficiency virus-1 in serum of humans which antibodie inhibit formation of syncytia.
  • Human serum is contacted with mixture of cells capable of forming syncytia in the presence o HIV-1 and cells infected with HIV-l with human serum und conditions selected to allow binding of neutralizing antibodi to said cells. The formation of syncytia are then detected.
  • the neutralizin antibodies have an antigenic determinant or determinan specific for a glycoprotein having a molecular weight o approximately 41,000 daltons which is obtained from cell infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1; the polypeptid further having an antigenic determinant or determinant immunologically cross-reactive with at least one glycoprotei having a molecular weight of 25,000 to 35,000 daltons, 45,00 daltons to 60,000 daltons, 80,000 to 100,000 daltons or 180,00 to 220,000 daltons, these glycoproteins being obtained from HSB ST, HeLa and human cells.
  • the invention also provides methods of treating cell having cell surface polypeptides capable of binding huma immunodeficiency virus - 1 to inhibit infection by HIV-1.
  • Agent which block the gp41 binding site on the cells are provided an these agents are administered to the cells under condition selected to allow binding of the agents to the cells thereb blocking the gp41 binding site and inhibiting infection of th cells.
  • agents whic block the gp41 binding site on the cells are those polypeptide which have an antigenic determinant or determinant immunologically cross-reactive with determinants of glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,00 daltons, and determinants of a glycoprotein having a molecula weight of approximately 160,000 daltons; each of th glycoproteins being obtained from cells infected with HIV-l.
  • the invention additionally provides methods o inhibiting HIV-l infection of cells having cell surfac polypeptides capable of binding gp41 on HIV-l.
  • Agents whic bind to gp41 are provided and these agents are administered t HIV-l under conditions selected to allow binding of the agen to gp41, thereby blocking gp41 and making it unavailable for binding to cells and thus inhibiting infection of the cells.
  • the agents which bind to gp41 are polypeptides having an antigenic determinant or determinants specific for a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons, this glycoprotein being obtained from cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1; the polypeptide further having an antigenic determinant or determinants immunologically cross-reactive with at least one glycoprotein having a molecular weight of 25,000 to 35,000 daltons, 45,000 daltons to 60,000 daltons, 80,000 to 100,000 daltons or 180,000 to 220,000 daltons, these glycoproteins being obtained from HSB, ST, HeLa and human cells.
  • the invention provides methods of developing o synthesizing biologically active peptides.
  • the binding pattern of antibodies from a healthy individual infected with retrovirus and antibodies from a symptomatic individual infecte with the retrovirus are compared to determine at least on binding region unique to antibodies from healthy, infecte individual.
  • a peptide corresponding to at least a portion of unique binding region is then synthesized.
  • Mouse cells in which DNA encoding for CD 4 has bee inserted into the expressed genetic material can b shown to express CD 4 on their surfaces and are capable of binding the AIDS virus. They are not, however, infected by the virus. Human cells which do not express CD 4 are also generally not infectable by the virus, but if they are made to have CD 4 on their surfaces they can be infected, indicating that CD 4 alone is insufficient to produce infectability, but that there is some other element expressed on human cell surfaces required for actual infectability.
  • Both the mouse antibodies, and the human antibodies from which they are derived are capable of blocking the formation of syncytia between infected cells, indicating that either binding of the GP 41 active site, or binding of the human receptor site is capable of preventing fusion. This is believed to mean that either is capable of preventing cellular infection, since fusion is an essential step to such infection.
  • Antibodies which inhibit syncytia formation are selected and used in the invention as sources of polypeptides having an antigenic determinant or determinants specific for a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons which are obtained from cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1, and which further have an antigenic determinant or determinants immunologically cross-reactive with at least one glycoprotein having a molecular weight of 25,000 to 35,000 daltons, 45,000 daltons to 60,000 daltons, 80,000 to 100,000 daltons or 180,000 to 220,000 daltons, said glycoproteins being obtained from HSB, ST, HeLa and human cells.
  • polypeptides which may be suitable for use in the invention include the unglycosylated moieties of glycoproteins.
  • Other useful polypeptides or proteins, which have the necessary immunogenic determinants include synthetic polypeptides.
  • Polypeptide fragments of antibodies and anti- idiotype antibodies may also be suitable for use in the invention as may polypeptides produced from recombinant DNA techniques. For example, genes encoding a polypeptide which binds to gp41 or the second receptor can likely be cloned into an expression vector or plasmid which could then be made to produce the polypeptide. Cell lines containing the expression vector which encodes genes for the polypeptide then would provide a source of the polypeptide.
  • polypeptides useful in the invention can be purified by electrophoresis of cell lysates or extracts containing the polypeptides with subsequent removal of the polypeptides from the electrophoresis gel to give substantially pure polypeptides.
  • Gel electrophoresis and removal of the ' ⁇ polypeptides from gels are readily accomplished using methods known in the art.
  • Other forms of purification may be employed either in addition to or in lieu of the foregoing without deviating from the spirit of the invention.
  • Polypeptides which are immunologically cross-reactive with a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons (gp41) which is obtained from cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1 are also useful as agents to detect the presence of polypeptide receptors on host cells which are specific for a polypeptide having an antigenic determinant or determinants specific for a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons which is obtained from cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1, and which polypeptides further have an antigenic determinant or determinants immunologically cross-reactive with at least one glycoprotein having a molecular weight of 25,000 to 35,000 daltons, 45,000 daltons to 60,000 daltons, 80,000 to 100,000 daltons or 180,000 to 220,000 daltons.
  • polypeptides having the above characteristics determines the capability of cells to become infected with HIV-l.
  • Cells which have CD4 receptors to bind gpl20 but which do not have polypeptide receptors as described above do not become infected with HIV-l.
  • the presence of the above polypeptides is a marker for cells that : can become infected with HIV-l.
  • Polypeptides which are immunologically cross-reactive with a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons (gp41) which is obtained from cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1 can be used in methods designed to determine the infectability of cells with HIV-l.
  • polypeptides are contacted with test cells under conditions selected to permit binding of the polypeptides to the test cells.
  • the polypeptides which have bound to the test cells are then detected.
  • the polypeptides may be detectably labeled using any of the methods known in the art, such as enzymes, for later detection with chro ogenic substrates, radiolabels, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and the like. Methods of detecting infectability of cells may also combine the use of antibodies to CD4 or other molecules which are capable of binding CD4 to determine the exact infectability status of the cell.
  • Biological specimens such as blood, serum, lymphocytes, urine, tissues, saliva, feces, and the like may be tested using the methods of the invention.
  • the particular method employed to prepare a specimen for use in the methods of the invention will vary according to the type of specimen and preparation may be easily accomplished using methods known in the art. Screening of blood-derived products, such as vaccines, can also be done by the methods of the invention.
  • Polypeptides which are immunologically cross-reactive with a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons (gp41) which is obtained from cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1 may also be used as antigenic substances for the production of antibodies protective against infection of cells by HIV-l.
  • gp41 glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons
  • polypeptides are contacted with HIV- 1 under conditions selected to allow binding of the polypeptides to the virus and thereby interfere with binding of the virus to host cells. It is believed that these polypeptides would bind to polypeptides which are immunologically cross-reactive with a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons (gp41) which is obtained from cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus - 1, notably gp41 on the surface of HIV- 1. In this way a substantial number of sites by which the virus binds to host cells would already be occupied by the polypeptides of the invention and thus be unavailable for binding to the host. This would result in the virus being unable or severely handicapped in binding to host cells and consequently reduce the rate of infection of cells by the virus.
  • gp41 glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons
  • retroviral agents infect mammalian hosts, including HIV-l & 2, HTLV-1-4, SIV, FeLV, Bovine leukemia virus, and many others. These viruses share a common structural feature in the organization of their membrane glycoproteins. These envelope glycoproteins are synthesized as a single unit, and then cleaved into an external glycoprotein (e.g. gpl20) and an integral membrane protein (e.g. gp41) which acts as an anchor for the external glycoprotein. The interaction of these envelope glycoproteins with cellular elements determines the tissue and species tropism of these retroviruses.
  • an external glycoprotein e.g. gpl20
  • an integral membrane protein e.g. gp41
  • antibodies raised to the peptide F560 derived from the sequence of gp41 the integral membrane prtoein of HIV- 1, and preferentially recognized by a healthy infected individual's antibodies binds to gp41 bearing cells and targets them for complement mediated lysis.
  • antibodies to the peptide F160, derived from the sequence of gpl20 the external glycoprotein of HIV-l bind to gpl20 bearing cells and target them for complement mediated lysis regardless of the nature of the association of gpl20 with the cell surface (i.e. either expressed endogenously, or adsorbed to the surface of the cells) .
  • This strategy is expected to have general utility in developing substances that are capable of binding specifically to retrovirally infected cells without interacting with uninfected cells that bear viral components or receptors.
  • the antibody responses from infected individuals who are healthy or otherwise do not exhibit symptoms of disease associated with infection can be compared with the immune response of infected symptomatic individuals who exhibit smyptoms of disease associated with infection to determine epitopes that are unique to the invected healthy individual and not shared by the infected symptomatic individual.
  • Peptides corresponding to at least a portion of the unique protective epitope are synthesized. The peptides can then be used as vaccines, for production of antibodies or in diagnostic assays.
  • Test peptides having a length of from about 10 to about 50 amino acids corresponding to portions of retroviral envelope glycoproteins are synthesized or purified from natural sources. Test peptides are selected by arbitrarily dividing the amino acid sequence of the envelope glycoprotein into portions and synthesizing corresponding peptides. Alternatively, test peptides corresponding to exposed portions of the molecule or other regions of interest can be synthesized. Where the amino acid sequence of the glycoprotein has not been determined, peptides can be generated by limited digestion of the molecule that has been isolated from natural sources. The amino acid sequence of peptides that have "protective" properties can be determined subsequently by conventional techniques for amino acid sequencing.
  • Unique reactivities found in serum from the healthy infected individual thus correspond to regions of the retroviral envelope important in the development of protective immunity. Peptides corresponding to the unique reactivities may then be further tested to determine their usefulness in inhibiting viral replication and for producing antibodies that are capable of binding specifically to retrovirally infected cells without interacting with uninfected cells that bear viral components or receptors.
  • the protective peptides of the invention have been derived from epitopes of gpl60 the 160,000 dalton envelope glycoprotein of HIV-l. Regions of gpl60 have been found to contain amino acid sequences which "protect" susceptible cells from infection with the virus or inhibit syncytia formation with infected cells, when peptides corresponding to at least a portion of the region are contacted with susceptible cells. These peptides are set forth in Table 1.
  • Preferred peptides have an amino acid sequence of about 10 to about 50 amino acids that correspond to at least a portion of a protective epitope of HIV and inhibit syncytia formation of human lymphocyte cells.
  • Other portions of the gpl60 molecule that also provide "protection" are also within the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated that modifications of these peptides that retain the protective function are also within the scope of the invention.
  • Such modifications include peptides having an amino acid sequence extending beyond the region of the synthesized peptides in either direction; peptides containing amino acid sequences corresponding to at a least portion of two or more protective regions; peptides having one or more amino acids substituted with other amino acids or other compounds but which still retain the protective function; peptides having a cytotoxic or other molecule attached; or any combination of these. Additionally, the peptides may form part of a larger molecule, such as an antibody or fragment of an antibody. Further it is contemplated that molecular modelling techniques will permit compounds of different primary and secondary structures to be substituted for the polypeptides of this invention, provided equivalent tertiary structures can be determined. All such modifications may be within certain embodiments of the invention.
  • the peptides of the invention are selected by comparing binding patterns of antibodies from a healthy, infected individual and antibodies from a symptomatic, infected individual to determine at least one binding region unique to antibodies from the healthy, infected individual. These unique regions define protective regions or epitopes. Once the protective regions or epitopes have been determined, peptides corresponding to at least a portion of at least one of these regions is prepared.
  • the peptides may be prepared by any convenient methods such as synthesis with the appropriate amino acids and a peptide synthesizer, or by recombinant DNA techniques, where a DNA sequence coding for the amino acid sequence is synthesized or prepared from cellular sources and inserted into an appropriate host cell for production of the peptide.
  • the test peptides may also be prepared by chemical synthesis, recombinant DNA techniques or by purification from natural sources.
  • a carrier protein such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
  • Peptides can be conjugated to carrier proteins by conventional techniques for conjugating proteins.
  • a preferred method for conjugating the peptides and carrier protein is the method described herein. For this method a cysteine residue is added to the amino terminal end of the peptide before conjugation with the carrier protein. This can be conventiently accomplished by chemical symthesis when the peptide is being made or at a later time.
  • the peptides of the invention are useful as diagnostic reagents and vaccines.
  • the presence of the protective epitopes in antibodies of persons infected with HIV is a measure of the likelihood of that person developing symptoms of viral infection and progressing to Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease (AIDS) at a later date; the presence of protective antibodies indicating a decreased likelihood of that individual developing symptoms of AIDS.
  • AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease
  • the peptide diagnostic reagents can be used i conventional immunoassays for detecting antigens or antibodies and the presence of protective antibodies in the test sample ma be determined by any suitable method, including radiolabel suc as 125 I or 3 5 S for use in radioimmunoassay, with fluorescein fo fluorescent immunoassay, with an enzyme for enzyme immunoassa or with biotin for biotin-avidin linked assays. These methods are exemplary only and other methods may be useful in the invention.
  • the peptides of the invention can be bound to a solid phase such as a multi-well plate.
  • Test samples suspected of containing protective antibodies for HIV are contacted with the peptides under conditions that allow binding of protective antibodies in the test sample to the peptides.
  • Bound protective antibodies are then contacted with an antibody such as anti-human IgG labeled with 125 I under conditions that allow binding of the labeled antibody to bound protective antibodies.
  • the label is then detected by autoradiographical means. The presence of radiolabel indicates the presence of protective antibodies in the test sample.
  • the antibodies of the invention can be made by conventional methods for the production of polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies.
  • POlyclonal antibodies can be produced by methods such as the method described herein for producing rabbit antibodies.
  • monoclonal antibodies an animal such as a mouse is first injected with the antigen, its spleen cells are removed and fused with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells, the latter are cloned in a serum-containing medium and the monoclonal antibodies are separated from the medium.
  • Sup - Tl cells are favored as target cells for their rapid degree of cell fusion when co-cultured with HIV - 1 producing cell lines.
  • Cell culture is performed according the method of Dalgleish et al. Nature 312; 763, (1984).
  • S -Tl cells are plated in 96 well plates (10 5 cells/well in RP 1640 + 10% FCS) and incubated with or without dilutions patient sera mouse sera, or control monoclonal antibodies f 30 minutes at 37C.
  • HTLV-III B (HIV-l) infected H9 cells a then added 5xl0*/well and the number of multinucleated gia cells per 16 X field counted with a Zeiss inverted field pha contrast microscope after 18 hours.
  • Syncytia are easi identified and inhibition of syncytia by patient sera or ant idiotypic antisera can be compared with anti CD4 monoclon antibody induced syncytia
  • Protein A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IS purified IgM 0 0 2M IM 2M 2M fraction
  • immunoglobulin fractions were purified b affinity chromatography on protein A agarose beads (Sigma) .
  • the protein A-purified antibody mediated significant antisyncytia activity, whereas non protein A binding materials had little activity.
  • Serum antibodies were purified from hybridoma ascites flui by sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation and protein A- sepharose (Sigma) chromatography. Sera was gradually made 50% ammonium sulfate by the addition of an equal volume of saturate ammonium sulfate at 4°C with stirring. The solution was stirre for an additional 60 minutes to allow im unoglobulins t precipitate completely. The precipitate was collected b centrifugation at 15000x g for 15 min, and resuspended i phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; 188 mM NaCl, lOmM P0 4 , pH 7.2).
  • PBS resuspended i phosphate-buffered saline
  • the resulting immunoglobulin solution was dialyzed for 24 h against PBS with at least three changes.
  • the ammonium sulfat cut was then clarified by centrifugation and passed over protein A-sepharose column. The column was washed with norma saline until the OD 280 of the filtrate was less than 0.1.
  • Th bound immunoglobulin was then eluted with 3.5 M MgCl 2 .
  • Relevan fractions were pooled and dialyzed extensively against norma saline and then PBS, and filtered through a 0.45 urn filter.
  • T antibody solution was concentrated using an Amicon concentrat under nitrogen pressure, and the protein concentration w determined using a Protein Assay Kit (BioRad Labs, Richmon CA) .
  • FACS medium Human Cells were removed from tissue culture and washed twice FACS medium (Hanks' balanced salt solution (Gibco) supplement with 2% fetal calf serum, 0.2% sodium azide, and lOmM Hepes) 1 x 10 5 to 1 x 10 6 cells were incubated on 0.1 ml of FACS medi with antibody or control supernatant in a volume of 0.1 ml f 1 hr at 4°C. Cells were diluted in 2.5 ml of FACS mediu pelleted by centrifugation at 1000 x g and washed twice with 2. ml of FACS medium per wash.
  • FACS medium Hams' balanced salt solution (Gibco) supplement with 2% fetal calf serum, 0.2% sodium azide, and lOmM Hepes
  • the ce pellet was gently resuspended and cells incubated with 0.1 of FITC-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse IgG (reactive with antibo heavy and light chains, Miles Laboratories) diluted 1:20-1: in FACS medium for 1 hr at 4°C. Cells were diluted and wash as after the first incubation. The cell pellet was final resuspended and the cells fixed in 0.5-1.0 ml 2 parafor aldehyde-PBS. Samples were run on an Becton Dickins FACS IV.
  • CD4+ cell lines Molt 4 and Sup Tl both demonstrated stron specific reactivities with anti-H156.
  • human cel lines including HSB (American Type Culture Collection numbe
  • CCL120.1 a CD4-T cell line
  • Thi demonstrates that the determinant recognized by the anti- idiotypic sera is not CD4.
  • the binding of the anti-H156 sera to urine cells was examined. Negligible reactivity was observed ( Figures 1-9) . Absorption with murine L cells prior to staining both human and other murine cell lines removed all reactivity to murine cells without affecting the reactivity to human cells. When the experiment was performed with the pooled AIDS immunoglobulin generated anti-idiotypic antisera, no staining of human or murine cell lines was seen.
  • the surface reactivity pattern of the anti-H156 antisera appears to be due to components of the human cell lines examined, and distinct from the HIV-l receptor CD4. This structure correlates with the species tropism reported for HIV-l in inducing productive syncytia formation.
  • Cell lines are precultured in methionine and cysteine free RPMI (Gibco) + 10% dialyzed FCS and labeled for 16 hrs. with media supplemented with 35 S-cysteine and 35 S-methionine (lOOuCi/ml) and lysates prepared and precleared as described in Sodrosfsky et al., Nature 322: 470, (1986). Portions (200ul) of cleared lysates are added to 20ul of Protein A-Agarose beads preincubated with serum and rotated for 3 hours at 4°C.
  • Beads are washed sequentially in lysing buffer (LB) ; LB containing 0.5 M NaCl; and LB with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) .
  • the adsorbed material is eluted by heating at 100°C for 3 minutes in 50 ul of sample buffer [0.01 M tris, pH 8.0, containing 2% SDS, 5% 2-mercaptoethanol (by volume) , bromophenol blue 25 ug/ l, and 10% glycerol (by volume)], and analyzed on 7.5% SDS-PAGE.
  • the gels are then fixed, dried and autoradiographed at -70° on XAR (Kodak) film.
  • H156 protein A purified IgG was coupled to CnBr sepharose 4B as per manufacturers instructions (Sigma) .
  • 40ul of H156 beads (approximately 32ugs of H156 based on 80% coupling efficiency) were preincubated at 37°C for 30 minutes on a circular rotator with 50ul of the following reagents (see Figure 10) : nothing (lane 1) , H156 serum (lane 2) , normal mouse sera (NMS) (lane 3) , anti-pAIg mouse sera (lane 4) , or anti-H156 mouse sera, for 30 minutes on a circulator rotator. The serum was then chilled on ice for 15 minutes and equal counts of 35S-met labeled precleared cell lysate was added to each Eppendorf test tube and precipitated as described in Sodrosfsky et al. , Nature 322:
  • the anti-idiotypic antibodies blocked the ability of H156 antibody to precipitate gpl60 but only minimally blocked gpl20 immunoprecipitation. In contrast the pooled AIDS patient anti- idiotypic antisera did not exhibit complete blocking of either glycoprotein ( Figure 10) . This result supports competitive immunoblotting data in that the predominant anti-idiotypic response is directed against antibodies specific for gp41. The studies also corroborate previously published observations such as those of McCune et al. Cell J52: 55, (1988) that the epitopes of the free gpl20 and covalently linked gpl20-gp41 (gp 160) are not identical.
  • H156 sera blocks all reactivity with HIV-l envelope glycoproteins gpl60 and gpl20
  • NMS exhibits no blocking ability
  • anti-pAIg exhibits the ability to partially block both gpl60 and gpl20 reactivities.
  • Anti-Hl56 mouse sera partially blocks gpl20 reactivity but specifically and repeatedly blocks all reactivity of H156 with gpl60 envelope glycoprotein precursor protein. Twelve out of twelve mice immunized with H156 produced thi identical dominant immune response supporting our observatio of a dominant idiotype in H156 sera directed at gp41. Thi result supports competitive im unoblotting data in that th predominant anti-idiotypic response is directed agains antibodies specific for gp41.
  • Cell lines productively infected with HIV-l are lysed i lysing buffer (0.02M tris and 0.12 M NaCl, pH 8.0, with 0.2m phenylethylsulfonyl fluoride, 0.2 mM EGTA, 0.2 mM NaF, 5ug/m of aprotinin, 0.2% sodium deoxycholate, and 0.5% by volum Nonidet P-40) . Lysates are boiled for 5 minutes in 3% SDS, an approximately 15 ug of protein per lane is separated on 10% SDS PAGE, electrotransferred to nitrocellulose and reacted wit serum on control antisera.
  • i lysing buffer 0.0.02M tris and 0.12 M NaCl, pH 8.0, with 0.2m phenylethylsulfonyl fluoride, 0.2 mM EGTA, 0.2 mM NaF, 5ug/m of aprotinin, 0.2% sodium deoxycholate,
  • RIA analysis demonstrated specific response against the immunizing im unoglobulins with minimal binding t normal human immunoglobulin ( Figure 11) .
  • Mouse anti-H156 wa compared with mouse anti-pAIg (pooled AIDS patien immunoglobulin) and normal mouse serum (NMS) for idiotyp specific binding to H156. Both the anti-H156 and anti-pAI showed specific binding to pAIg consistent with the presence o public idiotypes in both pAIGg and H156 relevant to HIV- exposure.
  • anti-H156 demonstrated much greate idiotypic specific binding activity to H156 than anti-pAIg, while NMS showed negligible binding to either immunoglobulin.
  • anti-H156 specifically immunoprecipitates, from human cells and not from murine cells, several polypeptides including a major band at 25-35Kd, as well as minor bands at 45-60 Kd, 80-l00Kd and 180-220Kd.
  • H156 represents serum from an HIV-l infecte individual who was asymptotic, and which demonstrated a uniquel high degree of syncytia inhibitory activity by several isolates of HIV-l, Weiner et al..1989. Non-CD4 molecules on human cells important in HIV-l cell entry. Vaccines 89. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, CSH, N.Y. 115-120. EPITOPE DETERMINATION: H156 was utilized to obtai purified IgG and directly radioiodinated as in Williams et al. , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:6488 (1988).
  • Serum was obtained one week after the fifth injection and assayed for anti-peptide antibodies using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay.
  • a solid-phase radioimmunoassay 2.5 ⁇ ug of peptide in 50 ⁇ l of water was dried onto each well of a 96-well polyvinyl chloride microtiter place.
  • Serum with potent syncytia inhibitory activity was obtaine from a healthy HIV-l infected individual. It was hypothesize that this individual's antibody response would recognize region of the HIV envelope important in the development of protectiv immunity.
  • Applicants By comparing this individual's antibody profile fo binding to gpl60 derived peptides to the profile of antibodie from symptomatic HIV-l infected individuals, Applicants were able to detect unique reactivities to several peptide regions This included amino acids 150-170 of gpl60 (contained on gpl20) and amino acids 550-570 of gpl60 (contained on gp41) .

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Abstract

Des polypeptides nouveaux contiennent un ou plusieurs déterminants antigéniques immunologiquement transréactifs avec des déterminants d'une glycoprotéine ayant un poids moléculaire d'environ 41.000 daltons et avec des déterminants d'une glycoprotéine ayant un poids moléculaire d'environ 160.000 daltons, obtenues à partir de cellules infectées par le virus-1 d'immunodéficience humain. Des polypeptides nouveaux contiennent un ou plusieurs déterminants antigéniques particuliers à une glycoprotéine ayant un poids moléculaire d'environ 41.000 daltons obtenue à partir de cellules infectées par le virus-1 d'immunodéficience humain, ces polypeptides contenant en outre un ou plusieurs déterminants antigéniques immunologiquement transréactrifs avec au moins une glycoprotéine ayant un poids moléculaire compris entre 25.000 et 3.500 daltons, entre 45.000 et 60.000 daltons, entre 80.000 et 100.000 daltons ou entre 180.000 et 220.000 daltons, obtenues à partir de HSB, ST, HeLa et de cellules humaines. Ces polypeptides nouveaux sont utiles dans des méthodes d'interférence avec les effets du VIH-1 sur des cellules hôtes contenant des polypeptides de surface susceptibles de se lier au VIH-1. Des procédés de dépistage de l'infection par le VIH-1 sont également décrits, de même que des peptides contenant des séquences d'acides aminés composées de 10 à 50 acides aminés environ, correspondant à au moins une partie d'un épitope protecteur du VIH, et des procédés de développement de ces peptides biologiquement actifs.
PCT/US1989/001621 1988-04-20 1989-04-18 PEPTIDES PROTECTEURS DERIVES DU VIRUS-1 gp160 D'IMMUNODEFICIENCE HUMAIN WO1989010416A1 (fr)

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KR1019890702406A KR900700626A (ko) 1988-04-20 1989-12-20 사람 면역결핍 바이러스-1 gp160으로부터 유도된 보호 펩티드

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992005800A1 (fr) * 1990-09-27 1992-04-16 Syntello Vaccin Development Kb Peptides destines a etre utilises dans la vaccination et dans l'induction d'anticorps neutralisants pour lutter contre le virus d'immunodeficience humaine
WO1992021377A1 (fr) * 1991-06-03 1992-12-10 Syntello Inc. Peptides a utiliser pour induire l'activation de lymphocytes t contre le vih-1
FR2677364A1 (fr) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-11 Pasteur Institut Sequences peptidiques de la glycoproteine externe d'enveloppe du retrovirus hiv-1.
WO1993021218A1 (fr) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-28 Proteus Molecular Design Limited Polypeptides synthetiques derives de la glycoproteine d'enveloppe du vih
US5346989A (en) * 1990-08-22 1994-09-13 Syntello Vaccine Development Kb Peptides for use in induction of T cell activation against HIV-1
GB2313376A (en) * 1996-05-22 1997-11-26 Diapharm Limited Polypeptide immunologically cross-reactive with NTM peptide and with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
US5840313A (en) * 1990-09-27 1998-11-24 Syntello Vaccine Development Kb Peptides for use in vaccination and induction of neutralizing antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus
US7803524B2 (en) 1994-02-23 2010-09-28 Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products Gmbh Antigenic HIV gp41 chimeric polypeptides comprising the MVP5180/91 epitope SKGKLIS

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US4743678A (en) * 1983-04-27 1988-05-10 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Method and products for detection of human T cell leukemia virus

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES USA, Vol. 84, issued June 1987, CHANH et al., "Monoclonal Anti-Idiotypic Antibody...", pages 3891-3895, see Abstract. *
SCIENCE, Vol. 234, issued 28 November 1985, SATTENTAU et al., "Epitopes of the CD4 Antigen and HIV Infection", pages 1120-1123, see page 1120, column 3, first full paragraph. *
THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Vol. 137, No. 9, issued 1 November 1986, MCDOUGAL et al., "Binding of the Human Retrovirus ...", pages 2937-2944, see Abstract; page 2937, column 2, second full paragraph; page 2938, column 1, second full paragraph. *
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5346989A (en) * 1990-08-22 1994-09-13 Syntello Vaccine Development Kb Peptides for use in induction of T cell activation against HIV-1
WO1992005800A1 (fr) * 1990-09-27 1992-04-16 Syntello Vaccin Development Kb Peptides destines a etre utilises dans la vaccination et dans l'induction d'anticorps neutralisants pour lutter contre le virus d'immunodeficience humaine
US5589175A (en) * 1990-09-27 1996-12-31 Syntello Vaccine Development Kb Peptides for induction of neutralizing antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus
US5840313A (en) * 1990-09-27 1998-11-24 Syntello Vaccine Development Kb Peptides for use in vaccination and induction of neutralizing antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus
WO1992021377A1 (fr) * 1991-06-03 1992-12-10 Syntello Inc. Peptides a utiliser pour induire l'activation de lymphocytes t contre le vih-1
FR2677364A1 (fr) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-11 Pasteur Institut Sequences peptidiques de la glycoproteine externe d'enveloppe du retrovirus hiv-1.
WO1993021218A1 (fr) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-28 Proteus Molecular Design Limited Polypeptides synthetiques derives de la glycoproteine d'enveloppe du vih
US7803524B2 (en) 1994-02-23 2010-09-28 Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products Gmbh Antigenic HIV gp41 chimeric polypeptides comprising the MVP5180/91 epitope SKGKLIS
GB2313376A (en) * 1996-05-22 1997-11-26 Diapharm Limited Polypeptide immunologically cross-reactive with NTM peptide and with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)

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IE61966B1 (en) 1994-11-30
CA1341391C (fr) 2002-10-01
PT90329B (pt) 1994-09-30
PT90329A (pt) 1989-11-10
KR900700626A (ko) 1990-08-16
ZA892907B (en) 1990-03-28
IE891260L (en) 1989-10-20

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