WO1989007585A1 - A method for feeding a substance to a composter and a composter - Google Patents

A method for feeding a substance to a composter and a composter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1989007585A1
WO1989007585A1 PCT/FI1989/000022 FI8900022W WO8907585A1 WO 1989007585 A1 WO1989007585 A1 WO 1989007585A1 FI 8900022 W FI8900022 W FI 8900022W WO 8907585 A1 WO8907585 A1 WO 8907585A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substance
composter
feed
channel
accordance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1989/000022
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ville Veikko Kangas
Original Assignee
Ville Veikko Kangas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ville Veikko Kangas filed Critical Ville Veikko Kangas
Publication of WO1989007585A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989007585A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a method for feeding a substance to a continuously operating composter, which is fed intermit- tently and pulsatingly with peat, dung, straw, turf, or other substance which is intended to be decomposed by the aerobic method and which typically leaves the composter after a few days and which is then transferred to a storage and/or further combustion pile.
  • the invention is also concerned with a composter using this method.
  • the dung or other waste to be treated by the composter is usually in the form of sludge.
  • its water content 85...95%) is too great for it to be fed directly to the composter and a substance with a high humus content, such as, for example, peat, is mixed with it.
  • the dry matter content of the substance being fed to the composter should be about 25...35%.
  • the mixture of peat in particular with sludge is difficult, because due to the great surface tension peat does not naturally absorb sludge but remains floating on the surface of the sludge. They do not necessarily mix when transferred by a feed screw or other known conveyor.
  • a continuously operating composter is affected greatly if even a relatively small amount of sludge is fed to it.
  • the water contents of the wastes being treated may vary greatly, which creates a continual problem in the feeding of the substance.
  • On account of the lack of homogenity in the substance it is difficult to measure the water content reliab- ly, so that it is difficult to apply control automation in this case.
  • the intention of this invention is to achieve a new kind of feed method for a substance and equipment, which will remove the danger of substance that is too wet being fed to the composter chamber.
  • Patent Claim 1 The characteristic features of the method in accordance with the invention appear in Patent Claim 1 and the characteristics of an advantageous device for realizing the method appear in Patent Claim 3.
  • Figure 1 shows the composter seen from the side Figure 2 shows the composter seen from in front Figure 3 shows the substance feed device in detail
  • the illustrations show a composter 1 adapted to the maturing of dung on cattle farms.
  • the dung is dropped into the feed hopper 6, from which it is transferred along channel 4 to the compos ⁇ ter chamber 8, which is principally formed by a revolving drum in which r after a few days' treatment the dung changes in the known manner into an improved form and is removed by the screw conveyor 3.
  • the device shown in Finnish patent publication 75335 can be used for the removal of the substance.
  • the feeding of the dung and humus substance to the hopper 6 can take place quite unevenly.
  • the hopper 6 includes a pushed chain 11 and crusher rollers 12 by means of which the substance is both broken up and dropped into the feed opening 10 of the piston compressor that is used as a transfer device 7.
  • the effective length of stroke of the piston compressor begins after the feed opening 10 and the feed unit is marked with the reference number 5 in the illustration.
  • the piston compressor pushes the substance into channel 4, the volume of which is many times greater than that of a single feed unit 5.
  • Channel 4 includes a vertical section 9, from which the excess water in the substance flows down. Sludge that is too wet slops back and forwards in the start of channel 4 until sufficient drier substance has been mixed with it.
  • Drier substance with a dry matter content of 25...35% adheres to the vertical section and rises stroke by stroke to the hopper of the feed screw 2 of the composter chamber 8.
  • the feed screw 2 breaks up the lumps foamed in channel 4 at the same time as it transfers them into the composter chamber 8.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The object of the invention is a method for feeding a substance to a continuously operating composter (1), which is fed intermittently and pulsatingly with peat, dung, straw, turf or other substance which is intended to be decomposed by the aerobic method, which typically leaves the composter (1) after being treated for a few days and which is transferred to a storage and/or further combustion pile. In accordance with the invention feed takes place at least for part of the distance upwards through such a channel (4), to which sufficiently dry substance adheres through the effect of friction while the sludge flows backwards, and that the volume of one feed unit (5) is less than one quarter of the volume of the entire feed channel.

Description

A Method for feeding a Substance to a Composter and a Composter
The object of the invention is a method for feeding a substance to a continuously operating composter, which is fed intermit- tently and pulsatingly with peat, dung, straw, turf, or other substance which is intended to be decomposed by the aerobic method and which typically leaves the composter after a few days and which is then transferred to a storage and/or further combustion pile. The invention is also concerned with a composter using this method.
Composters are typically used for the treatment of dung, in which case it is primarily rendered odourless and the problem of flies is avoided. The treatment kills weeds and bacteria that might spread disease. In addition, composted dung stores nutrients and provides them to plants in an easily assimilated form. In addition to the maturing of dung in cattle farming, typical areas of application of a composter are the treatment of wastes from housing, greenhouses, market gardens, and fur farms.
The dung or other waste to be treated by the composter is usually in the form of sludge. In this state its water content (85...95%) is too great for it to be fed directly to the composter and a substance with a high humus content, such as, for example, peat, is mixed with it. The dry matter content of the substance being fed to the composter should be about 25...35%. The mixture of peat in particular with sludge is difficult, because due to the great surface tension peat does not naturally absorb sludge but remains floating on the surface of the sludge. They do not necessarily mix when transferred by a feed screw or other known conveyor.
A continuously operating composter is affected greatly if even a relatively small amount of sludge is fed to it. In practice the water contents of the wastes being treated may vary greatly, which creates a continual problem in the feeding of the substance. On account of the lack of homogenity in the substance it is difficult to measure the water content reliab- ly, so that it is difficult to apply control automation in this case.
The intention of this invention is to achieve a new kind of feed method for a substance and equipment, which will remove the danger of substance that is too wet being fed to the composter chamber.
The characteristic features of the method in accordance with the invention appear in Patent Claim 1 and the characteristics of an advantageous device for realizing the method appear in Patent Claim 3.
It is extremely advantageous if there is also a delay in the feed of the substance, so that the water in the sludge can be absorbed better into the peat or other humus substance. In practice a piston compressor has been found to be the most effective transfer device, because it also has a powerful mixing effect on the feed. The sludge always squeezes through the drier substance during the power stroke, but excess water is always able to drain off during the return stroke. In addition, the pressure created by a piston compressor further improves absorption.
In what follows the invention is illustrated by reference to the accompanying illustrations, which show one form of applica¬ tion of the invention.
Figure 1 shows the composter seen from the side Figure 2 shows the composter seen from in front Figure 3 shows the substance feed device in detail
The illustrations show a composter 1 adapted to the maturing of dung on cattle farms. The dung is dropped into the feed hopper 6, from which it is transferred along channel 4 to the compos¬ ter chamber 8, which is principally formed by a revolving drum in which r after a few days' treatment the dung changes in the known manner into an improved form and is removed by the screw conveyor 3. The device shown in Finnish patent publication 75335 can be used for the removal of the substance.
The feeding of the dung and humus substance to the hopper 6 can take place quite unevenly. The hopper 6 includes a pushed chain 11 and crusher rollers 12 by means of which the substance is both broken up and dropped into the feed opening 10 of the piston compressor that is used as a transfer device 7. The effective length of stroke of the piston compressor begins after the feed opening 10 and the feed unit is marked with the reference number 5 in the illustration. The piston compressor pushes the substance into channel 4, the volume of which is many times greater than that of a single feed unit 5. Channel 4 includes a vertical section 9, from which the excess water in the substance flows down. Sludge that is too wet slops back and forwards in the start of channel 4 until sufficient drier substance has been mixed with it. Drier substance, with a dry matter content of 25...35% adheres to the vertical section and rises stroke by stroke to the hopper of the feed screw 2 of the composter chamber 8. The feed screw 2 breaks up the lumps foamed in channel 4 at the same time as it transfers them into the composter chamber 8.
In practice it has been noted that substance that is about 30% adheres to a pipe with a diameter of 35 cm. The two meter high channel 4 used in connection with a 10 m3 composter gives a delay of about 24 hours. The pipe material is stainless steel. If the diameter of the pipe is increased, it is advantageous to weld a few longitudinal ribs to the inside of the pipe, so that the relative friction remains sufficiently great to hold the substance in place over its entire cross-section.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. A method for feeding a substance to a continuously operating composter (1) , which is fed intermittently and pulsatingly with peat, dung, straw, turf or other substance intended to be decomposed by the aerobic method, which is typically removed from the composter (1) after being treated for a few days and which is transferred to a storage and/or further combustion pile, characterized in that the feed takes place for at least part of the distance upwards through such a channel (4) , to which sufficiently dry substance adheres by means of friction while sludge flows backwards, and that the volume of a single feed unit (5) is less than one quarter of the volume of the entire feed channel.
2. A method in accordance with Patent Claim 1, charac¬ terized in that the speed of the feed of the substance is regulated to be such that the substance travels upwards for more than 10 hours.
3. A composter (1) intended to realize the method in accordance with Patent Claim 1, which includes a feed hopper (6) for the substance, a transfer device (7) and feed channel (4) , in which the transfer device (7) is arranged to press the substance intermittently through the feed channel (4) to the composter chamber (8) , characterized in that the feed channel (4) includes a sloping or vertical section (9) , the diameter of which is 0,2...0,5 m and the height of which is over 5 m and that the volume of one feed unit (5) of the transfer device (7) is dimensioned to be less than 25% of the volume of the feed channel (4) .
4. A composter in accordance with Patent Claim 8 characterized in that the transfer device (7) is a piston compressor, the feed opening (10) of which is located beneath the feed hopper (6) . 5. A composter (1) in accordance with Pateh Claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the feed channel (4) is 0,3...0,4 m and that it includes a vertical section (9), the height of which is more than 1,
5 m.
6. A composter (1) in accordance with Patent Claims 3, 4, or 5, which includes a feed screw that transfers the substance to the composter chamber (8) , characterized in that the upper end of the feed channel (4) is arranged to drop the substance onto the transfer screw.
PCT/FI1989/000022 1988-02-15 1989-02-14 A method for feeding a substance to a composter and a composter WO1989007585A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI880689 1988-02-15
FI880689A FI77641C (en) 1988-02-15 1988-02-15 FOERFARANDE FOER INMATNING AV MASSA I KOMPOSTORN OCH EN KOMPOSTOR.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989007585A1 true WO1989007585A1 (en) 1989-08-24

Family

ID=8525913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1989/000022 WO1989007585A1 (en) 1988-02-15 1989-02-14 A method for feeding a substance to a composter and a composter

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3061589A (en)
FI (1) FI77641C (en)
WO (1) WO1989007585A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2837488A1 (en) 2002-03-25 2003-09-26 Jean Vignolles Automatic machine for converting cellulose materials into compost has a chain and bucket conveyor and sprinklers for liquid organic residues
CN102815977A (en) * 2012-08-14 2012-12-12 淮北市诺吉尔有机生态化肥有限公司 Process for producing organic fertilizer by livestock and poultry manure composting
CN103242105A (en) * 2013-05-23 2013-08-14 黄毅 Multi-antibiont organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103664280A (en) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-26 林炳营 Bio-organic fertilizer for bottle gourds in vegetables
CN103664252A (en) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-26 林炳营 Earthworm bio-organic fertilizer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE692031C (en) * 1936-04-29 1940-06-12 Constant Boix Method and device for processing household waste, in particular into fertilizers
FR1346128A (en) * 1963-01-31 1963-12-13 Haiges C Kg Manure elevator conveyor comprising a transport gutter directed obliquely upwards and a rake driven by a drive chain and used to raise the manure in the gutter
CH429789A (en) * 1964-01-13 1967-02-15 Traitement Ind Des Gadoues Tri Device for converting organic waste into compost
DE2500014B2 (en) * 1974-06-11 1977-11-24 Kaelin, Joseph Richard, Buochs (Schweiz) PROCESS FOR THE PROCESSING OF MILL AND / OR SLUDGE
DE3024813C2 (en) * 1980-07-01 1988-05-26 Gebrueder Weiss Kg, 6340 Dillenburg, De

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE692031C (en) * 1936-04-29 1940-06-12 Constant Boix Method and device for processing household waste, in particular into fertilizers
FR1346128A (en) * 1963-01-31 1963-12-13 Haiges C Kg Manure elevator conveyor comprising a transport gutter directed obliquely upwards and a rake driven by a drive chain and used to raise the manure in the gutter
CH429789A (en) * 1964-01-13 1967-02-15 Traitement Ind Des Gadoues Tri Device for converting organic waste into compost
DE2500014B2 (en) * 1974-06-11 1977-11-24 Kaelin, Joseph Richard, Buochs (Schweiz) PROCESS FOR THE PROCESSING OF MILL AND / OR SLUDGE
DE3024813C2 (en) * 1980-07-01 1988-05-26 Gebrueder Weiss Kg, 6340 Dillenburg, De

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2837488A1 (en) 2002-03-25 2003-09-26 Jean Vignolles Automatic machine for converting cellulose materials into compost has a chain and bucket conveyor and sprinklers for liquid organic residues
CN102815977A (en) * 2012-08-14 2012-12-12 淮北市诺吉尔有机生态化肥有限公司 Process for producing organic fertilizer by livestock and poultry manure composting
CN103664280A (en) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-26 林炳营 Bio-organic fertilizer for bottle gourds in vegetables
CN103664252A (en) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-26 林炳营 Earthworm bio-organic fertilizer
CN103242105A (en) * 2013-05-23 2013-08-14 黄毅 Multi-antibiont organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103242105B (en) * 2013-05-23 2015-03-18 黄毅 Multi-antibiont organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI77641B (en) 1988-12-30
FI880689A0 (en) 1988-02-15
FI77641C (en) 1989-04-10
AU3061589A (en) 1989-09-06

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