WO1989001260A1 - Systeme de commande de moteur a reluctance commutee - Google Patents

Systeme de commande de moteur a reluctance commutee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989001260A1
WO1989001260A1 PCT/GB1988/000603 GB8800603W WO8901260A1 WO 1989001260 A1 WO1989001260 A1 WO 1989001260A1 GB 8800603 W GB8800603 W GB 8800603W WO 8901260 A1 WO8901260 A1 WO 8901260A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phaseleg
control system
switch
supply
chopper switch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1988/000603
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Timothy John Eastham Miller
Original Assignee
The University Court Of The University Of Glasgow
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The University Court Of The University Of Glasgow filed Critical The University Court Of The University Of Glasgow
Publication of WO1989001260A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989001260A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
    • H02P25/092—Converters specially adapted for controlling reluctance motors
    • H02P25/0925—Converters specially adapted for controlling reluctance motors wherein the converter comprises only one switch per phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
    • H02P25/086—Commutation
    • H02P25/089—Sensorless control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
    • H02P25/092—Converters specially adapted for controlling reluctance motors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a switched reluctance motor control system.
  • Switched reluctance motors are finding increased usage because they are brushless having stator windings fed from a d.c. supply under the control of a control circuit.
  • a major element of cost in such a system is the power semi-conductor switches and associated diodes which are required.
  • Various forms of control system for switched reluctance motor control systems are already known but these have a variety of disadvantages and it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved form of switched reluctance motor control system.
  • a switched reluctance motor control system comprises a d.c. supply and a phase winding control circuit, said circuit comprising a single chopper switch connected between one of the terminals of the d.c. supply and one end of each of a plurality of parallel-connected phaselegs, each phaseleg comprising a pair of connectors for connection to a respective switched-reluctance-motor stator phase winding and connected in series with a commutator switch, an energy recovery diode being connected between the series junction connector of each phaseleg and said one d.c. supply terminal, the other d.c.
  • each phaseleg being connected to the other end of each phaseleg, a freewheeling diode connected in parallel with the plurality of phase ⁇ legs, means for controlling on/off operation of the chopper switch, and means for operating the commutator switches to switch the d.c. supply sequentially from one phaseleg to another.
  • a switched reluctance motor having N number of phases is controlled by a control circuit having N + 1 number of switches and recovery of energy stored in each phase leg winding at the end of its conduction period is achieved without the requirement for an energy storage capacitor.
  • the chopper switch may be any form of semi-conductor power switch such as a bipolar junction transistor, a field effect transistor or a gate turn-off thyristor.
  • the commutator switches may also be a semi-conductor power switch or may be an electro-mechanical switch.
  • the means for controlling on/off operation of the chopper switch comprises a current sensor for sensing phaseleg current and a comparator having a reference input the output of which comparator operates the chopper switch in order to effect slow speed phaseleg current level control.
  • a high speed lock-out signal is provided to the comparator to hold the chopper switch off for a predetermined time interval during high speed running of the motor to permit complete de-energisation of the phaseleg winding by the back emf produced by that winding at the end of the conduction period and before conduction is initiated on another phaseleg.
  • the circuit arrangement enables the chopper switch to provide for zero voltage chopping rather than reverse voltage chopping since the d.c. supply is effectively disconnected from the phaseleg winding during the off period of the chopping so that the d.c. link ripple current is relatively small and can be accommodated by a relatively low value capacitance.
  • the means for operating the commutator switches is preferably by means of a shaft position sensor comprising a slotted disc secured to the rotor of the motor and effecting interruption between an optical transmitter and receiver for each phase winding, the angular extent of each slot determining the conduction period for each phaseleg.
  • a shaft position sensor comprising a slotted disc secured to the rotor of the motor and effecting interruption between an optical transmitter and receiver for each phase winding, the angular extent of each slot determining the conduction period for each phaseleg.
  • the means for operating the commutator switches can be generated electronically without utilising a shaft position sensor (as is known per se) .
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrative of the operation of the Fig. 1 embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a second embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a modified version of . the Fig. 1 embodiment.
  • a switched reluctance motor control system 10 illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises a d.c. supply V having a positive terminal 11 connected to one side of a single chopper switch 12 the other side of which is connected to three parallel connected phaselegs A, B, C, for a three- phase motor.
  • the phaselegs are identical to each other and therefore only phaseleg A will be described.
  • Phaseleg A comprises a terminal 13 and a terminal 14 which are arranged for connection to a monofilar stator phase winding (shown connected in Fig. 1) and -n series with these connectors 13, 14, is a commutator switch 15 which at its other end is connected to the negative terminal 16 of the supply V via a current sensing resistor 17 which is common in this embodiment to each phaseleg.
  • the series junction of the phaseleg formed by the connector 14 is connected to terminal 11 via an energy recovery diode 18 the anode of which is connected to connector 14.
  • a freewheeling diode 19 the cathode of which is connected to terminal 13.
  • Chopper switch 12 is controlled in on/off mode to provide pulse width modulation of the current in phaseleg A and sequentially in phaselegs B and C by means of a comparator 20 having one input connected to a reference voltage and the other input connected to current sensing resistor 17 which operates when switch 12 is on to turn switch 12 off. Re-establishment of switch 12 in the on condition is effected by a turn on device which may operate after a fixed time delay forming part of comparator 20 or otherwise controlling its output.
  • Commutator switch 15 is operated by a control means 21 shown schematically and which according to the relative position of the rotor and stator poles of the motor sequentially switches the various commutator switches 15 so that the d.c. supply V is sequentially switched from one phaseleg to another.
  • Means 21 also provides a high speed lock-out signal on line 22 to the comparator 20 to hold the comparator at high motor speeds in a condition which holds chopper switch 12 in the off position at the end of the conduction period for phaseleg A for a pre ⁇ determined time interval sufficient to permit the current in phaseleg A to reduce to zero prior to chopper switch
  • commutato switch 15 is switched on (i.e. the switch is closed) for the entire conduction period and when chopper switch 12 is on (i.e. closed) d.c. current flows from the supply V and builds up in the phase winding, being monitored in level by resistor 17.
  • chopper switch 12 is off (i.e. the switch is open) arising from operation of comparator 20, th phase winding current freewheels through the commutating switch 15 and the freewheeling diode 19 without application of the d.c. supply in reverse polarity to the phaseleg winding.
  • the commutator switch 15 is switched off (i.e. open) and the energy in the phaseleg winding is recovered by the winding current freewheeling through diode 18 and either through the supply V if chopper switch 12 is off or through chopper switch 12 if this is still on. In each case current flow decays quickly to zero because of the absence of forward voltage applied to the phaseleg.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the phase current in a represent ⁇ ative phaseleg during its conduction period X and for slow speed motor running so that current at the beginning of the conduction period rapidly builds up from zero to a normal operating level when chopper switch 12 is turned off and thereafter due to slow running decays slightly.
  • Chopper switch 12 is turned on which causes the current level to increase again following which the chopper switch is turned off and this operation of chopper switch 12 is repeated throughout the conduction period X.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a second embodiment in which the commutating switches 15 are referenced to the positive terminal 11 of the d.c. supply V whilst the chopper switch 12 is referenced to the negative terminal 16.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a modified version of the Fig. 1 embodiment in which the common current sensing resistor 17 of Fig. 1 is replaced by individual phaseleg current sensors 23 each with an associated diode 24 for delivering the sensed signals to the comparator 20. It will be appreciated that the embodiments which have been described enable recovery of energy at the end of each conduction period X to be effected without use of a storage capacitor by means of a circuit having only one switch more than the number of motor phases and having only one power diode more than the number of phases.
  • chopper switch 12 effects a ripple on each phaseleg current and whilst this is not important for many forms of d.c. power supply V it is advantageous to provide the power supply with a smoothing capacitor 25 as shown in Fig. 3.
  • a smoothing capacitor 25 as shown in Fig. 3.
  • Such a capacitor however need only be of small capacitance value since it is not used for energy recovery purposes.
  • the circuit is compact due to the relatively small number of components and their mutual proximity so that with care it can be built to provide very low energy radiation, i.e. be very low in electro-magnetic noise radiation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

Un moteur à réluctance commutée est commandé par un système de commande (10) ne comportant qu'un seul commutateur vibreur (12) pour toutes les branches de ligne de phase (A, B, C) connectées en parallèle avec une diode (19) de roue libre. Chaque branche de ligne de phase (A, B, C) comporte des bornes (13, 14) permettant la connexion à un enroulement de moteur respectif et à un commutateur (15) de sens de marche. Les divers commutateurs (15) de sens de marche sont actionnés séquentiellement par un agencememt (21), de sorte que l'alimentation en courant continu T est commutée séquentiellement d'une branche de ligne de phase à une autre. On parvient à récupérer l'énergie stockée dans chaque branche de ligne de phase (A, B, C) à la fin de leur période de conduction sans condensation de stockage d'énergie, au moyen d'une diode (18) de récupération d'énergie connectée entre la borne (14) et l'alimentation en courant continu T.
PCT/GB1988/000603 1987-07-23 1988-07-22 Systeme de commande de moteur a reluctance commutee WO1989001260A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8717441 1987-07-23
GB878717441A GB8717441D0 (en) 1987-07-23 1987-07-23 Motor control system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989001260A1 true WO1989001260A1 (fr) 1989-02-09

Family

ID=10621164

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1988/000603 WO1989001260A1 (fr) 1987-07-23 1988-07-22 Systeme de commande de moteur a reluctance commutee

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB8717441D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989001260A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0387358A1 (fr) * 1988-09-12 1990-09-19 Kabushikigaisha Sekogiken Moteur a courant continu
US4983902A (en) * 1989-11-01 1991-01-08 Sundstrand Corporation Fast current discharging switch for a variable reluctance motor drive
EP0427868A1 (fr) * 1989-05-02 1991-05-22 Kabushikigaisha Sekogiken Moteur electrique du type a reluctance
US5115181A (en) * 1990-10-05 1992-05-19 Emerson Electric Co. Power converter for a switched reluctance motor
FR2697697A1 (fr) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-06 Valeo Systemes Dessuyage Procédé pour alimenter un moteur à reluctance variable et dispositif pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.
WO1999060695A1 (fr) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-25 Tridelta Industries, Inc. Circuit de commande pour machines a reluctance commutee
US6323564B1 (en) 1996-06-04 2001-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit configuration with reduced EMI

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4140955A (en) * 1977-05-12 1979-02-20 Fluke Trendar Corporation Stepping motor drive method and apparatus
GB2068664A (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-12 Danfoss As Control circuits for brushless dc motors
US4358725A (en) * 1980-09-23 1982-11-09 Beloit Corporation Stepper motor control circuit
US4520302A (en) * 1983-03-15 1985-05-28 National Research Development Corporation Stepping motors and drive circuits therefor
WO1988002951A1 (fr) * 1986-10-10 1988-04-21 Ems Electronic Motor Systems Ab Circuit d'excitation d'un moteur

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4140955A (en) * 1977-05-12 1979-02-20 Fluke Trendar Corporation Stepping motor drive method and apparatus
GB2068664A (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-12 Danfoss As Control circuits for brushless dc motors
US4358725A (en) * 1980-09-23 1982-11-09 Beloit Corporation Stepper motor control circuit
US4520302A (en) * 1983-03-15 1985-05-28 National Research Development Corporation Stepping motors and drive circuits therefor
WO1988002951A1 (fr) * 1986-10-10 1988-04-21 Ems Electronic Motor Systems Ab Circuit d'excitation d'un moteur

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0387358A1 (fr) * 1988-09-12 1990-09-19 Kabushikigaisha Sekogiken Moteur a courant continu
EP0387358A4 (en) * 1988-09-12 1992-04-08 Kabushikigaisha Sekogiken Dc motor
EP0427868A1 (fr) * 1989-05-02 1991-05-22 Kabushikigaisha Sekogiken Moteur electrique du type a reluctance
EP0427868A4 (en) * 1989-05-02 1992-06-10 Kabushikigaisha Sekogiken Reluctance-type electric motor
US4983902A (en) * 1989-11-01 1991-01-08 Sundstrand Corporation Fast current discharging switch for a variable reluctance motor drive
US5115181A (en) * 1990-10-05 1992-05-19 Emerson Electric Co. Power converter for a switched reluctance motor
FR2697697A1 (fr) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-06 Valeo Systemes Dessuyage Procédé pour alimenter un moteur à reluctance variable et dispositif pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.
US6323564B1 (en) 1996-06-04 2001-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit configuration with reduced EMI
WO1999060695A1 (fr) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-25 Tridelta Industries, Inc. Circuit de commande pour machines a reluctance commutee
US6054819A (en) * 1998-05-15 2000-04-25 Tridelta Industries, Inc. Driving circuit for switched reluctance machines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8717441D0 (en) 1987-08-26

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