WO1988007150A1 - Organe de transmission, commande et utilisation dudit organe dans des remorques - Google Patents

Organe de transmission, commande et utilisation dudit organe dans des remorques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988007150A1
WO1988007150A1 PCT/FI1988/000035 FI8800035W WO8807150A1 WO 1988007150 A1 WO1988007150 A1 WO 1988007150A1 FI 8800035 W FI8800035 W FI 8800035W WO 8807150 A1 WO8807150 A1 WO 8807150A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
fluid
pressure
suitably
gearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1988/000035
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jouni Tiainen
Sakari Klapuri
Original Assignee
Parikkalan Kone- Ja Laitehuolto Ky
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parikkalan Kone- Ja Laitehuolto Ky filed Critical Parikkalan Kone- Ja Laitehuolto Ky
Publication of WO1988007150A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988007150A1/fr
Priority to DK632288A priority Critical patent/DK632288D0/da
Priority to NO88885068A priority patent/NO885068L/no

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D59/00—Trailers with driven ground wheels or the like
    • B62D59/04—Trailers with driven ground wheels or the like driven from propulsion unit on trailer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid driven transmission means comprising a fluid pressure source, suitably a hydraulic pump, which preferably is of the constant volume type, and one or more motors which suitably are hydrostatic motors and which are powered by said, pressurized fluid and connected to said pres ⁇ sure source " for rotating a secondary shaft, the primary shaft of said motor suitably being connected to a gearing having its secondary shaft and a coupling device respectively, which system additionally suitably comprises one ore more valve and/or control members.
  • a fluid pressure source suitably a hydraulic pump, which preferably is of the constant volume type
  • motors which suitably are hydrostatic motors and which are powered by said, pressurized fluid and connected to said pres ⁇ sure source " for rotating a secondary shaft
  • the primary shaft of said motor suitably being connected to a gearing having its secondary shaft and a coupling device respectively, which system additionally suitably comprises one ore more valve and/or control members.
  • the invention also relates to a method for the realization and control of such a transmission, wherein pressurized fluid from a pressure source, suitably from a pump, is conducted in one or more fluid supply conduits to one or more motors powered by said pressurized fluid, whereby, in the case of a load, the working shaft of each individ al motor is used, suitably by the means of a gearing, for rotating the corresponding secondary shaft and any members suitably con ⁇ nected thereto.
  • the invention additionally relates to a trailer connectable to a tractor or the like tractive device, the trailer having wheel boggies and one or more fluid powered motors acting on at least two wheels.
  • auxiliary tractive devices are usually provided in connection with such wheels, which are not tractive in the normal driving.
  • the pur ⁇ pose of the auxiliary tractive device is then to produce auxiliary tractive power in difficult conditions and e. g. at the start. In these cases the speeds are rather low, normally in the range of 0...10 km/h. At greater speeds these auxiliary tractive devices are disconnected from working.
  • the actual auxiliary use is directed to such moments, when e. g. the wheels of the tractive device in the starting moment or in difficult terrain conditions slip, but the the wheels of the trailer, working machine or the like still are on hard ground, or the auxiliary power generated by them would be sufficient to over ⁇ come the difficulties.
  • a fluid powered transmission system e. g. a hydrostatic slow rotating motor
  • auxiliary tractive devices because its auxiliary pushing power provided in difficult conditions is considerable, and it gives a great torque just at low speeds.
  • this kind of motor on the other hand normally cannot keep pace with the speed, and it is even in other ways of no use worth mentioning, since under these conditions the power of the traction device itself should be sufficient to maintain the driving speed.
  • a slowly rotating radial piston motor is used, the disconnection being realized thereby, that the working pistons in the disconnected mode are out of contact with the respective cam rings-
  • Such a motor is, however, rather complicated and heavy and it is therefore not applicable for use in normal trailers.
  • faster rotating hydraulic motors e. g. axial piston motors
  • mechanical disconnection always has to be used, since disconnection cannot structurally be associated with this types of motor.
  • this kind of motors are located in the wheel hubs, in which case the clutch is both difficult to realize as well as difficult to control.
  • a further feature of an auxiliary tractive device is, that it should be operable in both directions and moreover so, that the reversal can be achieved very quickly.
  • Known arrangements cannot normally manage this in a satisfactory way.
  • a breakdown of the apparatus often happens for exactly that reason, that the driver of the vehicle makes a reversal so fast, that there is not sufficient time for the auxiliary tractive device to react to the changes.
  • an auxiliary tractive device mounted to an agricultural accessory device provides a match ⁇ less facility when driving e. g. on soft soil.
  • the object., of the invention is to achieve a transmission arrangement for an auxiliary tractive device or for a similar use of a temporary nature, wherein a simple arrangement can be used as the regular motor.
  • the motor is preferably connected to driving members, such as driving wheels on the secondary shafts, via a gearing.
  • driving members such as driving wheels on the secondary shafts
  • the intention has especially been to achieve a simple solution, so that the auxiliary tractive device is applicable in demanding operations as well as in quite simple conditions.
  • the invention is applicable to any shafts to which temporary auxiliary tractive power is to be applied in any suitable way. Besides the trailer applications shown, stationary applications such as paper machines or the like can be mentioned.
  • the object of the invention is further to provide such a trans ⁇ mission arrangement, in which an automatic clutching into con ⁇ nected and disconnected modes, also in motion, as well as an automatic reversal is accomplished in a single way.
  • the solution developed should be as endurable against disturbance as possible, and it must not demand any considerable altera ⁇ tions in the basic machine. For this reason such a solution is pursued, wherein the fluid volumes and pressures are those, that are commonly used in e. g. tractors.
  • the pressures are typically in the range of 15...25 MPa and the flow rates respectively in the range of 15...60 1/min.
  • Preferably the pressures are in the range of 13...21 MPa and the fluid amounts 16...36 1/min respectively.
  • the device developed is suitable for use in connection with trailers and primarily at the speed range of 0. - .10 km/h at the end of which there will occur an automatic disconnection into the free mode.
  • the problem is solved as disclosed in the appended patent claims.
  • the differences in pressures and counter pressures depending on and/or indicating stress and/or rotation of the motor are detected in one or more fluid conduits extending between the pressure source and the motor, and a detected pres ⁇ sure difference is used for connecting and disconnecting a secondary shaft to and from the motor.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that a member for controlling the clutching function is con ⁇ nected to one ore more conduits extending between the pressure source/fluid reservoir unit and a respective motor/gearing unit for detecting pressure differences caused by the pressure source and the motors in order to control the clutching functions for the secondary shafts in common or individually according to the pressure differences so, that when predeter ⁇ mined pressure circumstances prevail one or more secondary shaft is disconnected and moves freely and independently from the gearing,_ and then on the other hand is in a torsion trans- missive connection with the motor, when other predetermined pressure circumstances prevail.
  • figure 1 schematically shows the inventive principle in its simplest form
  • figure 2 shows a solution according to one embodiment of the invention in form of a scheme
  • figure 3 shows a solution according to another embodiment of the invention in form of a scheme
  • figure 4 shows a section of a preferred clutch arrangement according to one embodiment
  • figure 5 shows a section of the clutch according to figure 4
  • figure 6 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention in one application
  • figure 7 shows the embodiment of figure 6 seen from the side
  • figure 8 exemplifies an embodiment of the solution according to figures 6 and 7.
  • the system comprises a hydraulic pump 1 acting as fluid pressure source, which pump is driven by a motor (not shown).
  • pump 1 takes hyd ⁇ raulic fluid from a reservoir 2 and conveys it under pressure along a conduit 3 to a control valve 4, which is a customary direction control valve for controlling the direction of rota ⁇ tion of a motor 5.
  • control valve 4 is a customary direction control valve for controlling the direction of rota ⁇ tion of a motor 5.
  • From the direction control valve 4 two conduits 6 and 7 lead to the motor in _*uch a way that,: depending on the direction of rotation of the motor, one of the conduits acts as a feeder line and the other as a return line, whereby the latter via valve 4 and suitably via a filter 8 leads back to reservoir 2.
  • valve 4 In the shown example the position of valve 4 is such, that conduit 6 works as feeder line and conduit 7 as return line, whereby in an opposite valve position the arrangement is the contrary.
  • the movement of a shaft 9 extending from motor 5 is controlled by means of a clutch 11 arranged between said shaft and a primary shaft 10 of the motor or an eventual gearing 12 which is not shown in this figure.
  • the function of clutch 11 is controlled by an actuating cylinder 13.
  • the actuating or clutch cylinder 13 is directly connected (in a way indicated by broken lines) to the feeder line 6 between pump, 1 and motor 5 via a control conduit 14, or preferably via a shuttle valve 15 to both conduits 6 and 7.
  • the clutching arrangement always works in the same way independently from the motor' s direction of rotation, which gives a certain advantage which is discussed in more detail in the following.
  • the pressure is detected in the respectively used feeder line 6 leading from pump 1 to motor 5 used respectively for the feeding of fluid.
  • This pres ⁇ sure is either directly 14a or indirectly 15 brought to act on clutching means 11 arranged between motor 5 and/or gearing 12 and the secondary shaft 9.
  • the clutching means 11, which are open in the low pressure mode, under sufficient pressure will connect the secondary shaft 9 to gearing 12 and/or the working shaf s 10 of the motor 5 with a torsional strength required by the utility in question.
  • the dimensioning of the apparatus is based upon the axial torque needed in the auxiliary tractive device.
  • the hydrostatic pump 1 and one or more hydrostatic motors 5 associated there ⁇ with are dimensioned according to said aspect.
  • a gearing between motor 5 and the rotated secondary shaft 9 it is often of advantage to arrange a gearing between motor 5 and the rotated secondary shaft 9.
  • a gearing-clutching arrangement according to one embodiment of the invention is shown in detail in the figures 4 and 5.
  • the tractive device When the tractive device is functionally engaged by using the operation valve, e.g. in connection with a start up, the pres ⁇ sure of pump 1 will be conveyed by conduit 6 to motor 5, where ⁇ by said motor 5 will start rotating. Due to the rotation said motor 5 will generate a counter pressure directed towards said conduit 6.
  • a choker 16 can be provided in the return conduit 7 in order to guarantee said counter pressure, as shown in figure 3 in connection with another embodiment of the invention.
  • said counter pressure is sufficient to generate a certain positive pressure in conduits 6 and 7, especially in connection with two motors 5 and 5a connected in series as is shown in figure 2. Said positive pressure is con ⁇ veyed via the control conduit 14, and said pressure is used in a actuating cylinder 13 of clutch 11 to control one or more clutch discs.
  • the control function in the embodiment shown in figures 4 and 5 is preferably self-adjusting in such an aspect, that one or more clutch discs 17, 18 press ever harder against friction surfaces 19, 20 in proportion to an increasing control pres ⁇ sure.
  • Motor 5 then faces an ever increasing resistance as long as said motor 5 still gives additional power to devices attached to said secondary shaft 9, e. g. driving wheels 21 in figure 2.
  • the counter pressure in conduit 6 then increases accordingly, and friction surfaces 17-19 and 18-20 will press ever closer against each other. In this way the clutch assembly 11 will provide a relatively flexible start up, which is essential in cases when the ground under the driving wheels is slippery or has poor bearing quality.
  • clutch discs 17, 18, are used as clutching members, said discs being in regard to the secondary shaft 9 of gearing 12 non-rotating but movable in the direction of said shaft 9.
  • each clutch disc 17, 18 will press against one or both of the side surfaces of a cog-wheel 28 rotated by a cog 26 or screw wheel 27 on said primary shaft.
  • a power transmissive and preferably at least to some extent sliding connection between the secondary shaft 9 and cog-wheel 28 is effected.
  • Said clutching members thus preferably comprise frictional discs 17, 18 which are suitably made of brass or the like material and are torsion resistively movable in the longitudi ⁇ nal direction of the shaft 9. Under the impact of the pressure in the control conduit 14 and with- the intermediation of a suitably annular piston member 13a said discs are pressed against the side of said motor rotated cog-wheel 28 in said gearing 12.
  • FIG 2. An especially preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 2.
  • This embodiment comprises two hydrostatic motors 5 and 5a connected in series.
  • Each motor 5 and 5a is connected to its own gearing 12, to which respectively is associated a corresponding clutching arrangement 11, 13 comprising clutch cylinders 13 ' , 13a, one for each shaft.
  • both clutch, cylinders 13, 13a are connected via a common cont ⁇ rol conduit 14 to a shuttle valve 15, which again itself is connected to said feeder and return conduits 6 and 7.
  • the gearing associated with the second motor 5a is in figure 2 shown without its casing, and thus a cog-pinion 26 and cog ⁇ wheel 28 arranged on the primary shaft 10 can be seen schemati ⁇ cally, the clutch discs acting on said cog pinion and -wheel.
  • the direction control valve 4 then defines the mutual distribu ⁇ tion of the functions of feeder and return conduits 6, 7, according to which motors 5, 5a rotate in either direction, or are totally disconnected in the central position of valve 4.
  • the shuttle valve 4 in the shown solution automatically ascertains .that the connection function controlling pressure in the control conduit 14 is determined according to the pressure occurring in whichever conduit 6 or 7 being the feeder conduit. Upon a quick change of the rotational direction the pressure will drop preferably momentarily, due to the function of the shuttle valve 15, whereby clutches 11, 11a suitably will be released for a moment. This detachment is not necessarily complete, bub makes it possible for motors 5, 5a to change direction without hitch.
  • the conduit 22 connecting motors 5, 5a comprises in some embodiments a relief valve 23 in order to protect against any possible pressure shock.
  • connection system shown makes a certain differential function possible, because each motor 5, 5a operates indepen ⁇ dently from the other, whereby an eventual rotational speed difference can be controlled with the assistance of clutches 11, 11a on one hand and relief valve 23 on the other hand.
  • multiple driven wheel shaft assemblies can be connected successively, whereby the tractive force can always can be freely distributed between different shafts and even between different wheels. Jn practice the distribution can be effected by connecting and disconnecting subsequent motors either directly or via limiting valves. In this way the motions of e. g. the individual shafts of a multiple axle vehicle can be controlled.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment operating in a manner correspond ⁇ ing to that of figure 2, but wherein, as was mentioned above, the counter pressure optionally is secured using a special choker 16.
  • Figure 3 shows further an optional choker 24 in control conduit 14, its mission being to achieve a lag in the operation of the clutch cylinders 13, 13a.
  • a pressure reduction valve 25 used in some embodiments for restricting the pressure to the clutch cylinders is also shown.
  • control conduit 14 may comprise a restrictive valve for suppressing any pos ⁇ sibly occurring alternating clutching.
  • connection of auxiliary power itself can in the same way be done under speed, whereby the secondary shafts 9 will be con ⁇ nected only in such a case, when the motor 5, 5a can provide any auxiliary power. Both the connection and the disconnection takes place without any hitching, because the pressure diffe ⁇ rence controlling the function of clutch 11 will build up gradually. The connection of the auxiliary power even under speed does for this reason not give any trouble. It is also a special optional advantage of the invention, that the coupling function takes place with great force when the shaft movement is slow, the torsional moment is high and thus the counter pressure is also high. In practice the torque acting upon the secondary shaft 9 can vary flexibly from zero up to a structu ⁇ ral maximum value.
  • An apparatus- ⁇ according to the invention can also, if desired, be used as an auxiliary brake, by providing said control conduit with a supplementary pressure feed means 29, for by ⁇ passing, via a brake valve 30, the connection to feeder conduit 6 or 7 and for opening a direct connection 29 to the pressure source 1.
  • a brake valve 30 the connection to feeder conduit 6 or 7 and for opening a direct connection 29 to the pressure source 1.
  • the torque on the secondary shaft 9, which torque is due to the speed will act via the frictional surfaces 17, 18 upon motors 5, 5a in order to achieve a braking effect.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show an especially advantageous optional feature in the embodiments according to the invention.
  • This feature fits excellently to the use of a transmission-clutching system according to invention in connection with a trailer 32 with wheel boggles 21, 31.
  • the invention is then adapted for connecting, 1- a load situation, one or more wheels or suitably pairs of wheels, to a motor 5, 5a and a gearing possibly con ⁇ nected thereto.
  • the trailer 32 further comprises means 33 for adjusting the angle of the boggie 34 with respect to the body 35 of the trailer 32, so that the load of the trailer 32 substantially can be made to impact upon one selected pair 21 of wheels in the boggie 34, the other pair 31 of wheels remaining suitably in an upraised position.
  • the centre of gravity can, in a respective manner, momentarily be transferred completely away from the tractive wheels 21 of trailer 32 towards the "t-ractive device 36 by inclining the boggie 34 in an opposite direction, whereby the stress upon the auxiliary transmission drops, the counter pressure originated from motors 5, 5a drops and motors 5, 5a disconnect from action.
  • Such a load balancing thus requires extensional adaptivity between tractive device 36 and the auxiliary transmission device, and thus the special features of the invention can be utilized at the best.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un organe de transmission mû par un fluide et comprenant une source de pression de fluide (1) et un moteur (5, 5a) connecté à ladite source de façon à faire tourner un arbre intermédiaire (9). La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de réalisation et de commande d'une transmission, ainsi qu'à une remorque (32) pouvant être reliée à un tracteur (36) et comportant des bogies de roues (34). Selon la présente invention, les différences de pressions et de contre-pressions qui dépendent de la fatigue et/ou qui indiquent la fatigue et/ou la rotation du moteur (5, 5a) sont détectées dans des conduites (6, 7) de fluide s'étendant entre la source de pression (1) et le moteur (5, 5a), et une différence de pression ainsi détectée est utilisée pour connecter et déconnecter un arbre intermédiaire (9) par rapport au moteur (5, 5a'). Des organes (13, 14, 15), qui servent à commander la fonction d'embrayage, sont connectés à des conduites (3, 6, 7) s'étendant entre la source de pression (1) et une unité d'engrenages (5-12). Les fonctions d'embrayage sont commandées de sorte que les organes de l'arbre secondaire (9) soient déconnectés et se déplacent librement et indépendamment de l'engrenage (12), ou se trouvent par rapport au moteur (5, 5a) dans une position d'accouplement transmettant la torsion. La remorque (32) comprend un ensemble de transmission/embrayage ainsi que d'autres organes (33) servant à régler l'angle du bogie (34) par rapport au corps (35) de la remorque (32).
PCT/FI1988/000035 1987-03-12 1988-03-11 Organe de transmission, commande et utilisation dudit organe dans des remorques WO1988007150A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK632288A DK632288D0 (da) 1987-03-12 1988-11-11 Transmissionsmiddel og dets styring samt brugen af det i paahaengsvogne
NO88885068A NO885068L (no) 1987-03-12 1988-11-14 Transmisjonsanordning, dens styring og dens bruk i tilhengervogner (trailere).

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI871079 1987-03-12
FI871079A FI76632C (fi) 1987-03-12 1987-03-12 Kraftoeverfoering, dess styrning samt anvaendning vid slaepvagnar.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988007150A1 true WO1988007150A1 (fr) 1988-09-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1988/000035 WO1988007150A1 (fr) 1987-03-12 1988-03-11 Organe de transmission, commande et utilisation dudit organe dans des remorques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0357624A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1495088A (fr)
FI (1) FI76632C (fr)
WO (1) WO1988007150A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989009352A1 (fr) * 1988-03-25 1989-10-05 Orion-Yhtymä Oy Normet Systeme de commande automatique pour le transfert de la puissance d'entrainement entre un tracteur et une remorque
DE4342201A1 (de) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-14 Karl Heitzler Maschine insbesondere zum Einsatz in Baumschulen, Gärten u. dgl.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1373046A (en) * 1971-10-12 1974-11-06 Deere & Co Auxiliary drive system for combines
SE396323B (sv) * 1974-12-18 1977-09-19 Bofors Ab Anordning for att mojliggora samkorning mellan ett dragfordon och ett slepfordon
DE3331651C1 (de) * 1983-09-02 1985-05-02 O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 1000 Berlin Verfahren zum wählbar zusätzlichen hydraulischen Antrieb von Rädern an einem Fahrzeug
US4528871A (en) * 1982-05-05 1985-07-16 Zahnradfabrik Freidrichshafen Ag Hydrostatic drive for vehicles

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1373046A (en) * 1971-10-12 1974-11-06 Deere & Co Auxiliary drive system for combines
SE396323B (sv) * 1974-12-18 1977-09-19 Bofors Ab Anordning for att mojliggora samkorning mellan ett dragfordon och ett slepfordon
US4528871A (en) * 1982-05-05 1985-07-16 Zahnradfabrik Freidrichshafen Ag Hydrostatic drive for vehicles
DE3331651C1 (de) * 1983-09-02 1985-05-02 O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 1000 Berlin Verfahren zum wählbar zusätzlichen hydraulischen Antrieb von Rädern an einem Fahrzeug

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989009352A1 (fr) * 1988-03-25 1989-10-05 Orion-Yhtymä Oy Normet Systeme de commande automatique pour le transfert de la puissance d'entrainement entre un tracteur et une remorque
US4991672A (en) * 1988-03-25 1991-02-12 Orion-Yhtyma Oy Normet Automatic control system for the transfer of the drive power between a tractor and a trailer
DE4342201A1 (de) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-14 Karl Heitzler Maschine insbesondere zum Einsatz in Baumschulen, Gärten u. dgl.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1495088A (en) 1988-10-10
FI76632B (fi) 1988-07-29
FI871079A0 (fi) 1987-03-12
FI76632C (fi) 1988-11-10
EP0357624A1 (fr) 1990-03-14

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