WO1988002131A1 - Procede de production d'un materiau electrooptique ayant des proprietes modulables et utilisation dudit materiau dans des composants electrooptiques - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un materiau electrooptique ayant des proprietes modulables et utilisation dudit materiau dans des composants electrooptiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988002131A1
WO1988002131A1 PCT/DK1987/000114 DK8700114W WO8802131A1 WO 1988002131 A1 WO1988002131 A1 WO 1988002131A1 DK 8700114 W DK8700114 W DK 8700114W WO 8802131 A1 WO8802131 A1 WO 8802131A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrooptical
linear optical
substance
optical
production
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1987/000114
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
P. S. Ramanujam
Original Assignee
Aktieselskabet Nordiske Kabel- Og Traadfabriker
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aktieselskabet Nordiske Kabel- Og Traadfabriker filed Critical Aktieselskabet Nordiske Kabel- Og Traadfabriker
Publication of WO1988002131A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988002131A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/86—Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
    • H01J29/89—Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined or co-operating with the vessel
    • H01J29/896—Anti-reflection means, e.g. eliminating glare due to ambient light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/32—Compounds containing nitrogen bound to oxygen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/355—Non-linear optics characterised by the materials used
    • G02F1/361—Organic materials
    • G02F1/3615—Organic materials containing polymers

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a process for producing an electrooptical material having controllable optical properties.
  • the process of the invention is character ⁇ ized by homogeneously incorporating a substance having non-linear optical properties in the material while present in a liquid or curable form, applying an electric field to the material and drying or curing the material while maintaining the field.
  • the invention concerns a process wherein the non-linear optical substance is incorporated during the production of a glass by a sol-gel process and a field is applied during the gelling process, or, in another embodiment, a process wherein the non-linear optical substance is incorporated in a curable epoxy resin, an electric field is applied, and the epoxy resin is allowed to cure.
  • the preferred non-linear optical substance is 2-methyl- 4-nitroaniline.
  • Other useful materials are urea, 2- nitroaniline, 3-nitroaniline, 4-nitroaniline, ' N,N- dimethyl-2-acetyl-4-nitroaniline, 3-acetyl-4-(N- pyrrolidinyl)-nitrobenzene, 4-(2 '-hydroxymethyl-1 '- pyrrolidinyl)-nitrobenzene, 4-nitropyridine-l-oxide, 3- methyl-4-nitropyridine-l-oxide, 2-cyclooctyl-amino-5- nitropyridine, 4-(N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) )-amino-4 '- nitro-azobenzene, Methyl-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-amino propanoate, 4-dimethylamino-4 ' -nitrostilbene, merocyanine.
  • Electrooptical materials of the type according to the invention are useful in connection with a large number of electrooptical components, e.g. of the type 1) electrically controlled optical modulator
  • variable attenuator 9 variable edge filter
  • LiNb ⁇ 3 capable of switching at high speeds in non-linear optical devices (cf. M. Papuchon, "Integrated Optical Modulation and Switching” in “New Directions in Guided Wave and Coherent Optics” NATO ASI Series, Series E: Applied Sciences, No. 78, Editors D.B. Ostrowsky and E. Spitz, 1984).
  • LiNb ⁇ 3 is vitiated by the following drawbacks:
  • the produced device is polarization sensitive.
  • the present invention provides a process for producing electrooptical materials which are not vitiated by the drawbacks involved in the use of iNb ⁇ 3-
  • non-linear optical substances such as 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA)
  • MNA 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline
  • the resulting material is transparent at wavelengths between 600 and 1600 nm.
  • the refractive index of the sol-gel glass containing the non-linear optical substance, such as MNA so as to be close to that of the quartz cladding used for the production of optical fibres.
  • the gel itself without addition of non-linear optical materials, may have a much lower refractive index than quartz.
  • the non-linear optical molecules may be caused to assume any direction during the gelling process by application of an electric field during the gelling process, which results in a very great electrooptical effect for the material.
  • an electric field during the gelling process
  • the ratio of Si(OC2H 5 )4 to H2O must be at least 1:2.
  • the sol-gel process is described by Sakka and Kamiya (J. Non. Cryst. Solids 4_8 31-34 (1982)), who have shown that with a ratio of 1:1 the solution becomes spinnable just before gelling, and it is consequently possible to draw fibres from such a solution.
  • MNA non ⁇ linear optical substances
  • the MNA molecules can be oriented in any direction during drawing by application of a suitable electric field.
  • Such oriented fibres may be used for higher order harmonic generation since phase adaptation can be achieved over long fibre lengths .
  • Another embodiment of the process of the invention comprises incorporation of the non-linear optical substance in a commercially available curable epoxy resin.
  • a particular advantage of this embodiment is that epoxy resins cure fast, even within a few minutes.
  • Epoxy resins having various refractive indices may be used as starting materials, and it is possible to orient the molecules of the non-linear optical substance by application of an intense electric field.
  • a commercial two-component epoxy "Super-epoxy" from Plastic Padding was used as the starting material, and MNA was dissolved homogeneously in the epoxy. The system was oriented by application of a D.C. field of 1000 V/mm for about 1 hour.
  • the electrooptical materials produced by the process of the invention may be used for production of various electronic components.
  • the materials are particularly useful in connection with devices using optical fibres as waveguides.
  • a single mode direction coupler may be produced by etching two single mode fibres to a diameter of 10-20 ⁇ m by immersing them in hydrofluoric acid and then bonding them together over a distance of 1-2 mm by means of the gel or the epoxy resin in which the non-linear optical substance is incorporated.
  • the guided energy may be transferred partially or totally from one fibre to another.
  • fibre optical monochromator a variable attenuator, variable edge filters, and wavelength multiplex- demultiplexers. It is also possible to produce a star coupler by this technique. Particularly when incorporating non-linear optical materials with high third order susceptibilities, it is possible to produce fibre optical bistable elements.
  • a further embodiment of the invention enables production of waveguide structures from the non-linear glass medium.
  • diffusing metals, such as Al, Ge and Ti, into glass enables production of waveguides having higher refractive indices than the surrounding medium.
  • Electrodes may be deposited directly on the medium, and electrooptical components may thus be constructed.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epoxy Resins (AREA)

Abstract

On produit un matériau électrooptique ayant des propriétés optiques modulables en incorporant de façon homogène dans ledit matériau à l'état liquide ou durcissable une substance ayant des propriétés optiques non linéaires, soit de préférence de la 2-méthyle-4-nitroaniline, en appliquant au matériau un champ électrique et en le faisant sécher ou durcir tout en maintenant ledit champ. La substance optique non linéaire est incorporée notamment dans la production d'un verre par un procédé sol-gel ou dans une résine époxyde durcissable. Le matériau peut en particulier être utilisé dans la production de composants électrooptiques, tels que des commutateurs ou modulateurs optiques commandées électriquement.
PCT/DK1987/000114 1986-09-19 1987-09-18 Procede de production d'un materiau electrooptique ayant des proprietes modulables et utilisation dudit materiau dans des composants electrooptiques WO1988002131A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK4492/86 1986-09-19
DK449286A DK449286A (da) 1986-09-19 1986-09-19 Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af et elektrooptisk materiale med styrbare optiske egenskaber samt anvendelse af materialet i elektrooptiske komponenter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988002131A1 true WO1988002131A1 (fr) 1988-03-24

Family

ID=8134028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1987/000114 WO1988002131A1 (fr) 1986-09-19 1987-09-18 Procede de production d'un materiau electrooptique ayant des proprietes modulables et utilisation dudit materiau dans des composants electrooptiques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DK (1) DK449286A (fr)
WO (1) WO1988002131A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0287093A2 (fr) * 1987-04-17 1988-10-19 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Composés inorganiques-organiques présentant une réponse optique non linéaire
FR2630744A1 (fr) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-03 Thomson Csf Procede d'obtention d'un materiau polymere utilisable en optique non lineaire et materiau polymere obtenu
EP0362839A1 (fr) * 1988-10-05 1990-04-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Unité d'affichage
EP0377681A1 (fr) * 1987-09-18 1990-07-18 SOANE, David S. Filage de fibres assiste par un champ pour la preparation de fibres optiques ayant une activite optique non lineaire
EP0406888A2 (fr) * 1989-07-07 1991-01-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Composition de polymère montrant une réponse optique non-linéaire et procédé pour sa préparation
FR2666046A1 (fr) * 1990-08-24 1992-02-28 France Telecom Procede de fabrication de composants electrooptiques dans des guides d'onde optique cylindriques monomodes en polymere.
FR2675509A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-23 France Telecom Materiau sol-gel inorganique ayant une susceptibilite du second ordre.
WO1993016401A1 (fr) * 1992-02-17 1993-08-19 Kodak-Pathe Procede d'obtention de films comprenant des molecules organiques orientees
US5255428A (en) * 1991-04-03 1993-10-26 California Institute Of Technology Electrooptic polymer voltage sensor and method of manufacture thereof
WO1993025933A1 (fr) * 1992-06-13 1993-12-23 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Melanges optiques non lineaires

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199698A (en) * 1978-12-08 1980-04-22 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated 2-Methyl-4-nitro-aniline nonlinear optical devices
US4428873A (en) * 1980-08-30 1984-01-31 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electrooptical element
EP0214828A2 (fr) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-18 Celanese Corporation Substrats organiques optiquement non linéaires
EP0232138A2 (fr) * 1986-01-30 1987-08-12 The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. Compositions de polymère

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199698A (en) * 1978-12-08 1980-04-22 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated 2-Methyl-4-nitro-aniline nonlinear optical devices
US4428873A (en) * 1980-08-30 1984-01-31 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electrooptical element
EP0214828A2 (fr) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-18 Celanese Corporation Substrats organiques optiquement non linéaires
EP0232138A2 (fr) * 1986-01-30 1987-08-12 The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. Compositions de polymère

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Ferroelectric, 1980, Vol. 30, p. 315, Abstract. *
IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, Vol. 26, No. 1, June 1983, page 426. *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0287093A2 (fr) * 1987-04-17 1988-10-19 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Composés inorganiques-organiques présentant une réponse optique non linéaire
EP0287093A3 (fr) * 1987-04-17 1990-06-13 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Composés inorganiques-organiques présentant une réponse optique non linéaire
EP0377681A1 (fr) * 1987-09-18 1990-07-18 SOANE, David S. Filage de fibres assiste par un champ pour la preparation de fibres optiques ayant une activite optique non lineaire
EP0377681A4 (en) * 1987-09-18 1991-07-31 David S. Soane Field-assisted fiber spinning for the preparation of optical fibers having non-linear optical activity
FR2630744A1 (fr) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-03 Thomson Csf Procede d'obtention d'un materiau polymere utilisable en optique non lineaire et materiau polymere obtenu
EP0362839A1 (fr) * 1988-10-05 1990-04-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Unité d'affichage
EP0406888A2 (fr) * 1989-07-07 1991-01-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Composition de polymère montrant une réponse optique non-linéaire et procédé pour sa préparation
EP0406888A3 (en) * 1989-07-07 1992-04-08 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Nonlinear optical polymer composition and method for producing the same
EP0473496A1 (fr) * 1990-08-24 1992-03-04 France Telecom Procédé de fabrication d'un guide d'onde optique monomode en polymère doué de propriétés électrooptiques, ainsi qu'un tel guide d'onde optique
FR2666046A1 (fr) * 1990-08-24 1992-02-28 France Telecom Procede de fabrication de composants electrooptiques dans des guides d'onde optique cylindriques monomodes en polymere.
US5255428A (en) * 1991-04-03 1993-10-26 California Institute Of Technology Electrooptic polymer voltage sensor and method of manufacture thereof
FR2675509A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-23 France Telecom Materiau sol-gel inorganique ayant une susceptibilite du second ordre.
EP0511080A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-28 France Telecom Matériau sol-gel inorganique ayant une susceptibilité du second ordre
WO1993016401A1 (fr) * 1992-02-17 1993-08-19 Kodak-Pathe Procede d'obtention de films comprenant des molecules organiques orientees
FR2687483A1 (fr) * 1992-02-17 1993-08-20 Kodak Pathe Procede pour obtenir des films comprenant des molecules organiques orientees.
WO1993025933A1 (fr) * 1992-06-13 1993-12-23 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Melanges optiques non lineaires

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK449286D0 (da) 1986-09-19
DK449286A (da) 1988-03-20

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