WO1988001215A1

WO1988001215A1 - Disc-shaped tool, especially circular saw tool

Info

Publication number: WO1988001215A1
Application number: PCT/DE1987/000366
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ernst Saljé
Original assignee: Salje Ernst
Priority date: 1986-08-19
Filing date: 1987-08-17
Publication date: 1988-02-25
Also published as: EP0277182A1; DE3628105A1

Abstract

A disk-shaped tool comprising a main blade (G) and cutting edges (S) on the periphery, defined and shaped by cutting portions (P), is provided, in the region in front of each cutting edge, with a chip space (R). In order to reduce the noise created directly by air in this type of tool, each chip space (R) opens, in the axial direction, only onto one side of the main blade (G).

Description

Disc-shaped tool, in particular a circular saw tool

T e c h n i s c h e s G e b i e t

The invention relates to a disc-shaped

Tool with a master blade and with defined cutting edges on the circumference formed by cutting parts, in particular a circular saw tool with chip spaces in the areas in front of the cutting edges.

State of the art

The noises that arise when rotating disk-shaped tools, such as circular saw blades, have various causes. So far, particular attention has been paid to the whistle tones caused by axial vibrations. When working with the tool, the indirect airborne noise caused by structure-borne noise was considered to be essentially noise-determining. In these cases, measures for insulation and damping have already been successful.

In addition, there is direct airborne sound from circular saw blades or the like, which "rotate" when idling, but also in a turbulent flow in the area of the teeth the resulting noise level can be considerably higher than the actual machine noise and is noticeable in the airborne sound spectrum by raising the "noise band".

Because in practice the time span in which a circular saw blade runs empty can be considerably longer than the machining time in the course of a working day, direct airborne noise is important, especially at high circumferential speeds and when using tools that take measures to dampen axial vibrations and thus already to reduce the whistle tones.

D a r s t e l l u n g e rf i n d u n g

The object of the invention is to achieve a reduction in direct airborne sound in disk-shaped tools, in particular circular saw blades, and in a way that also meets other requirements for such a tool. The invention also strives for advantageous training in detail. All other related problems with which the invention is concerned arise from the respective explanation of the indicated solution.

According to the invention, the chip spaces assigned to the cutting edges are open in the axial direction only to one side of the master blade and are each at least partially limited by inserts which can be detachably fixed to the master blade.

It has been shown that the idle noise of a disk-shaped tool can be considerably reduced, while at the same time making the tool more economical. The volume of the chip spaces can be smaller be kept than in conventional designs. This also has a favorable effect on reducing the noise.

The design can be made so that part of the chip spaces is open on one side and another part of the chip spaces is open on the other side of the base sheet. The chip spaces of two or more cutting edges successively in the circumferential direction can be open on the same side. In a very advantageous embodiment, the chip spaces are alternately open on one side and on the other side of the base sheet. In addition, however, the possibility is also included of providing all the chip spaces of a tool on one side of the master blade, which can be advantageous in one case or another.

In detail, the chip spaces can be designed in different ways, so that different circumstances and requirements can be taken into account.

The axial depth of the chip spaces can also be selected depending on the circumstances. In many cases it is advantageous if the axial depth of the chip spaces is greater than half the thickness of the main blade and the axial width of the cutting edges is greater than half the cutting width in at least some of the latter. In particular, successive teeth or cutting edges are offset from one another in the axial direction in such a way that the paths described by the cutting edges when the tool rotates overlap by a small amount, preferably in the order of magnitude of one millimeter. The principle of the chip spaces open on one side with the detachably fixable inserts allows different cutting edge designs. The cutting edges can not only be formed by teeth on the base sheet itself, but it can also advantageously be cutting parts in the form of plates, wedges or the like. made of hard metal, ceramic or another suitable material.

In addition to other advantages, the inserts also result in a wide range of options for fastening cutting parts, for example on the master blade itself, on the other hand on the inserts or between the two. The attachment to the base sheet can be done directly or using a holder, e.g. by screws or by clamping. In the simplest case, the cutting parts can also be made by soldering, welding, gluing or the like. be fixed.

When the cutting parts are fastened by clamping between the master blade and the inserts, the insert in question is advantageously also designed to generate the clamping force. This can be useful

Training can be achieved by a spreadability of the insert or a part thereof. If the cutting parts are held by the inserts themselves, be they fixed or adjustable, the cutting parts are attached to the base sheet together with the attachments.

The inserts can be fastened in one-sided recesses in the edge area of the base sheet or, in a further advantageous embodiment, in axially continuous gaps in the base sheet.

At least one elastic and / or viscoelastic intermediate covering made of a suitable material for structure-borne sound insulation can be placed between the cutting parts and the base sheet be arranged. Materials with the desired behavior are available to the person skilled in the art from other applications.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the explanation below of

Embodiments, from the accompanying drawings and from the claims.

Brief description of the drawing

Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a tool according to the invention in side view

Fig. 2 shows a part of the tool of FIG. 1 in an enlarged view

3 is a plan view of FIG. 2,

4 shows a modified embodiment of the tool in a partial view corresponding to FIG. 2,

5 is a plan view of FIG. 4,

6 and 7 versions, of other cutting part fastenings each in an enlarged side view,

8 shows another embodiment in side view,

9 shows a section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8,

10 shows a section along the line X - X in FIG. 8, 11 shows a further embodiment in side view,

12 is a section along the line XII - XII in Fig. 11,

13 shows a section along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 11,

14 the area designated XIV in FIG. 12 in a modified version on a larger scale,

15 shows another embodiment in side view,

16 shows a section along the line XVI - XVI in FIG. 15,

Fig. 17 shows a section along the line XVII - XVII in

Fig. 15

18 shows a further embodiment in side view,

19 shows a section along the line XiX-XIX in FIG. 18,

20 shows another embodiment in side view,

21 is a plan view of FIG. 20,

22 a part of a master sheet in perspective,

23 a part of a master sheet in view,

24 an insert in perspective view,

25 an insert in view, Fig. 26 is a section along the line XXVI - XXVI in

25 and 27 show a further embodiment of an insert.

Preferred ways of carrying out the invention

The tool W shown in FIG. 1 is a circular saw tool which has a steel base sheet G with a central bore M as the base body. This master sheet can be in one or more parts and in particular can be provided with vibration-reducing clothing on at least one side, preferably with a layer of viscoelastic material and a cover thereon. The tool W is provided with teeth Z which are distributed over the circumference, the dashed line K indicating the flight circle of the cutting edges S. In the embodiment shown, the cutting edges on cutting parts P are turned out. In particular, these can be plate-shaped elements made of a suitable material. The cutting parts can e.g. consist of hard metal or a suitable ceramic material. Their shape can be selected according to the particular circumstances and operating conditions. However, it is also possible to form the cutting edges on the teeth directly from the material of the base sheet G.

In the area in front of each cutting edge S or in front of the breast of the tooth or cutting part, there is a space R for receiving the chips generated when the tool W is working. In contrast to known tools, in which the chip spaces are continuous, that is to say represent axial openings in the edge region of the tool, according to the invention each chip space R is only to one side te of the master sheet G open, as can be seen in Figures 1 to 3. Each chip space is formed by a recess 10 in the base sheet G, for example, by milling. It is here that successive chip spaces alternating in the circumferential direction are open to one side A and to the other side B of the master blade G (FIG. 3). Furthermore, the tool can also be designed so that several, for example two or three, successive circumferential chip spaces to one side and one or more circumferential chip spaces to the other side of the master blade are open. In addition, designs are conceivable in which all chip spaces are open on the same side, at least in their essential, radially inwardly directed part 1.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, the cutting parts P by soldering, gluing or the like. attached in the edge recesses 10 on the master sheet G. A modified embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, in which the cutting parts P are each fastened to a holder 11, e.g. by soldering, gluing or the like, each holder 11 being fixed to the base sheet G by means of a screw 13 which engages in a threaded bore 12 in the base sheet G. These are screws with countersunk heads, such that they do not protrude outwards beyond the side of the master blade. The contours of the edge recesses R and the holder 11 can be chosen so that a secure attachment in the various directions of stress is ensured by appropriate surface contact.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show further designs for the attachment of cutting parts in edge recesses R of the master blade G. In FIG. 6, a holder 14 with a cutting element P by means of an eccentric 15 which is rotatably held on the master blade against the limitation of the edge Take logepreßt, so that a determination is made by clamping.

7, the cutting part P has a recessed support surface 16 for the end of an elastic clamping lever 17, which can be clamped by means of a clamping screw 18 screwed into a bore in the master blade.

Advantageous other designs are characterized in that the chip spaces R are each at least partially limited by inserts which are defined in recordings of the base sheet.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 10, a recess 21 which is only open to one side of the master leaf is provided in the master blade G, which advantageously has a rear or swallow-tailed cross section, as can be seen particularly in FIGS. 9 and 10 . Such a recess can e.g. be made with a form cutter and form a straight part with a curve at the lower end. This recess 21 receives an insert 22 of corresponding external shape, which in its lower part 22a has approximately a thickness corresponding to the depth of the recess 21 and which, in contrast, is stepped in its upper part 22b and thus has a smaller thickness.

The insert 22 has in its lower part 2 a a slot 23 and a tapered threaded bore 24 into which a corresponding tapered clamping screw 25 can be screwed. As a result, the insert is spread over the slot 23 and clamped in the recess 21. When using such and similar inserts, there are several options for fastening a cutting part. Such can be held on the base sheet or on the insert or can be fixed by tensioning by means of the insert.

The latter is the case in the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 10. The cutting part P is bevelled on its rear side so that it fits into the undercut recess 21, while a surface of the upper part 22b of the insert 22 bears against its front side. Similar to the lower part, this upper part 22b has a slot 27 and a tapered threaded bore 28 into which a correspondingly tapered clamping screw 29 engages, so that the cutting part P is clamped with the insert in the recess 21 by spreading this part of the insert 22 .

The depth h1 of the recess 21 is expediently somewhat greater than half the thickness h2 of the base sheet G. With recesses directed alternately to one side or the other and consequently also corresponding dimensions of the cutting parts P, this results in a cutting area completely swept by the cutting edges.

An insert 32 is also present in the embodiment according to FIGS. 11 to 13, with which the cutting part P is also clamped to the master blade G. The edge boundary of the lonely 32 is formed partly in accordance with the edge boundary of the recess 31 by a beveled surface 36 and partly by a straight surface 36a. The lower part 32a of the insert is widened, as can be seen in FIG. 11, which results in an additional hold. It is also here a slot 33 and a clamping screw 35 for fixed placement of the insert in the recess 31 available. The screw 35 can engage in a threaded hole in the base sheet G. The upper part 32b of the insert and the cutting part P face those coming into contact

Inclined surfaces 37, so that by tightening a clamping screw 39, which engages in a threaded hole in the master blade, the cutting part P is clamped, the surfaces being pressed against its different support.

In FIG. 14, using the example of the embodiment according to FIGS. 11 to 13, an advantageous embodiment is illustrated in which an intermediate covering 20 is provided between the cutting part P and the base sheet on one or more contact surfaces, which is made of one or more elastic, particularly advantageously vi skoel asti see single shot. This has a beneficial effect on reducing structure-borne noise through damping. Such an intermediate covering can be used by everyone regardless of the training

Designs between at least one side of the cutting part and the master blade can be provided.

FIGS. 15 to 17 show an embodiment in which a largely round insert 42, which is conical in the edge region, is inserted into a corresponding recess 41 and is fixed by a tensioning screw 45 engaging in a threaded bore 44 of the master blade. The number 43 denotes a slot in the insert 42, which additionally enables spreading. The cutting part P is thereby clamped to the base sheet by means of the insert 42 by means of the inclined surfaces 47, similarly as was explained in connection with FIGS. 11 to 13. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the master blade has a continuous gap 51 in association with each cutting part, but this is then closed by an insert 52 to form a chip space R on one side. The insert 52 consists of two parts 52a and 52b, which are clamped together by a screw 55 which engages in a threaded bore 54 of the part 52a and at the same time also in the gap 51. For this purpose, the parts 52a and 52b have conical surfaces 46, which come to rest on correspondingly conical boundary surfaces of the gap 51, and the cutting part P is also clamped to the base sheet via an inclined surface 57, similarly to this previously has been explained for previous years

A further advantageous embodiment, in which there are initially axially continuous gaps 61 in the edge region in the master blade G, which are then closed by inserts 62 with the formation of one-sided chip spaces R, FIGS. 20 and 21. In such and similar embodiments, the cutting part P can also be attached to the master sheet G, for example by soldering. Because the insert 62 here only has the function of closing a continuous gap, it can be designed very simply. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it has a lower, approximately cylindrical part 62a, which is provided with a slot 63 and can be spread and clamped by a clamping screw 65 engaging in a conical thread, similar to the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 10 was explained. An upper part 62b has a smaller thickness than the lower part 62a and closes the corresponding upper part of the gap 61. Fig. 21 shows that the paths of the cutting parts P overlap slightly in the middle of the base sheet, so that a complete cutting width results. FIG. 22 illustrates a gap 61 in a master sheet G, as can be designed, for example, for the embodiment according to FIGS. 20 and 21 and similar embodiments, without use. A cutting part P is attached to a flat lateral boundary surface 60 by gluing or soldering. It is a prismatic cutting plate, the rake angle being created by correspondingly inclined position of the cutting part P and the fastening surface, similar to that shown in FIG. 20. However, it is also possible to avoid the inclined position of the surfaces in question or the entire gap 61 and to provide a straight gap 59 which is perpendicular to the outer contour or radial, as shown in FIG. 23, the rake angle g then appropriate geometry of the cutting part P is provided.

Fig. 24 shows e.g. 22 insert 62 with slot 63 and tapered threaded bore 64 in the lower part 62a. The upper part 62b has a smaller thickness than the lower part, the thickness of which may correspond approximately to the thickness of the base sheet G.

FIG. 25 shows an insert 72 as a closing part for a radial gap, for example a gap 59, as is also illustrated in FIG. 23. Here too there is a lower part 72a of approximately the same thickness as the base sheet thickness and a thinner upper part 72b which serves to form the chip space.

There are numerous individual options for the formation of an insert or locking file. The insert can be made from one piece or composed of several parts. 26 is It can be seen that a separately produced flap-shaped upper part is fastened to a circular lower part 72a provided with a slot 73 and a conical threaded bore 74 by at least one weld 76.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 27, an upper part 72b of a e.g. rectangular or circularly limited plate 80 formed in the lower region, which is connected by a plurality of rivets 81 to a cylindrical part 82. In this version, too, there is a slot and a conical threaded hole, so that this insert, like the other versions explained, can be fixed in the corresponding gap in the base sheet by widening. The accuracy of the upper part of the insert is not critical. Form processing can include also done by means of a laser beam.

Soldering or gluing points for fastening the cutting parts P are each identified by the number 58 in FIGS. 20 and 21 and 23.

It also falls within the scope of the invention to attach cutting parts P not to the base sheet G but to inserts which can be fixed on the base sheet, e.g. operations 62 or 72.

All the features mentioned in the above description or shown in the drawing, if the known prior art permits, should be regarded as falling within the scope of the invention, either alone or in combinations.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Disc-shaped tool with a master blade and with defined cutting edges formed by cutting parts on the circumference, in particular circular saw tool, with chip spaces open in the axial direction only to one side of the master blade in the areas before the cutting edges, characterized in that the chip spaces (R ) are each at least partially limited by inserts (22, 32, 42, 52, 62) that can be releasably attached to the base sheet (G).

2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting parts (P) are attached to the base sheet (G).

3. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting parts (P) between the master blade (G) and the inserts (22, 32, 42, 52) are clamped.

4. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting parts (P) on the inserts (62) are attached.

5. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inserts (22, 32, 42) in one-sided recesses (21, 31, 41) are arranged in the edge region of the master blade (G).

6. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the master blade (G) has axially continuous gaps (51, 61) in the edge region, in which inserts (52, 62) are fastened.

7. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inserts (22, 32, 42, 52, 62) on the main blade (G) can be fixed by clamping.

8. Tool according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the inserts (52) consist of two parts (52a, 52b) which can be braced with one another and with the master blade (G).

9. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cutting parts (P) are adjustable relative to the main blade (G).

10. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one elastic and / or viscoelastic intermediate layer (20) for structure-borne sound insulation is arranged between cutting parts (P) and the base sheet (G).