WO1988000360A1 - Apparatus for projections of slides - Google Patents

Apparatus for projections of slides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988000360A1
WO1988000360A1 PCT/EP1987/000365 EP8700365W WO8800360A1 WO 1988000360 A1 WO1988000360 A1 WO 1988000360A1 EP 8700365 W EP8700365 W EP 8700365W WO 8800360 A1 WO8800360 A1 WO 8800360A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screen
slides
slide
projection
views
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1987/000365
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French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Claude Thiebeaux
Original Assignee
Thiebeaux Jean Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thiebeaux Jean Claude filed Critical Thiebeaux Jean Claude
Publication of WO1988000360A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988000360A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B23/00—Devices for changing pictures in viewing apparatus or projectors

Definitions

  • the present invention makes it possible to eliminate the torment which is imposed on the eyes of observers.
  • Patent documents DE 2657697, FR 2374663 and US 4130353 describe a mechanism simultaneously moving the slide which has just been projected and that which is going to be, which considerably reduces the moments of darkness but insufficiently not to be perceived by the eyes.
  • Patent documents DE 2925714 and EP 21Q0S describe a process consisting in interposing, during the changes of slides, between their projection location and the objective, a network of multiple lenses provided, on its illuminated face, with a cover pierced with holes virtually located through said lenses in said location, which makes it possible to illuminate the screen without the displacements of the slides and their frames appearing distinctly therein, but these illuminations are variable in intensity and of moving density.
  • Patent documents DE 2723786 and GB 1582972 describe a combination of three mirrors deflecting part of the light emitted by the lamp of the projection device and one of which, pivoting about an axis which is parallel to it, directs on the lens, during slide changes, the said part of light having passed through an optically interchangeable color filter located at the same distance from said objective as the projection location of the slides, which makes it possible to illuminate the screen by hiding the movements of the slides and their frames but the clear image of said filter moves to the outside of the screen during the pivoting of the pivoting mirror and trembles during its twists and turns; moreover, this image, which is clearly smaller than those of the slides, must be clearly brighter in order to obtain a sufficient physiological effect and, by remanence of the locally more excited retinas, is briefly superimposed on each new slide image.
  • the previously projected slide can be exchanged with that to be projected later in a device while the other projects another previously exchanged slide with the previously projected one and the passage from one image to the next on the screen can be done either suddenly, knows by varying the light fluxes progressively in one device and gradually in the other; this process is expensive and complicated, the images obtained by overlays are unreal and often not harmonious because the subjects lend themselves to it only rarely, and it has the disadvantage of the alternative arrangement in two magazines of the slides to be projected successively, however, the Patent documents DE 2930959 and EP 23945 describe a double device comprising a double mechanism making it possible to project, by one of its two lanterns alternately, the slides stored successively in a single store.
  • this apparatus includes produces, during each change of slides, without perceptible discontinuity and without asymmetrical mobility that the eyes would instinctively follow, a transient illumination of the pleasantly diffuse and colored projection screen, without dust images, delimited preferably in the same format as that of the images of slides or at least of a surface common to the horizontal and vertical orientations wedges of rectangular images, of constant light intensity and density and ophthalmically approximately equivalent to those of slide images so that the size of the pupils of the observers is kept constant without remanence of the excitation of their retinas and, the deformation of their lenses remaining as constant, each new image immediately appears clear to them.
  • the slide changes are thus transformed, efficiently and aesthetically, into beneficial moments of relaxation, the observation of slide images becoming otherwise demanding.
  • the screen remains pleasantly lit even if there are missing slides in their store and during each change of stores.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of the invention operating by detecting variations in the brightness of the screen.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a second exemplary embodiment operating by detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position.
  • Fig. 3 shows the holes, of a particular shape, superimposed on the shutter tape of the projection beam of the slides in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10.
  • Fig. 4 shows the holes, of a particular shape corresponding to that of FIG. 3, superimposed on the shutter tape for the beams producing the transient illuminations of the screen in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10.
  • Fig. 5 shows in isolation said form of FIG. 4.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 each show a form of drilling of the mask for delimiting the transient illuminations of the screen in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10.
  • Fig. 8 shows the shape obtained by superimposing the covers according to FIGS. S and 7.
  • Fig. 9 shows schematically and very reduced the illumination of the screen corresponding to the positions of the shutter ribbons as shown in FIG. 10.
  • Fig. 10 schematically shows a third exemplary embodiment of the invention with progressive appearances and disappearances of the transient illuminations of the screen and the images of slides by variations of their surfaces. Ways to realize the invention
  • the miniature lantern shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a lamp 1, a condenser 2 and a lens 3 of short focal distances, as well as a concave reflector 4 possibly necessary; this embodiment of said complementary headlamp is not limiting and could be replaced, for example, by a paraboloidal mirror headlight.
  • the color, preferably green resting for the eyes, of the transitory illuminations of the screen is obtained by means of the filter 5 which can be interchangeable.
  • the delimitation of the transient illuminations of the screen preferably in the same format as that of the images of the slides, is obtained, so as to never project dust images on the screen, by the image of the periphery of the hole 6 of the cover 7.
  • the distance from the cover 7 to the objective 3 can therefore be fixed, this distance having been predetermined for an average size of the screen.
  • the hole 6 of the cover 7 may be of an intermediate shape, round or square, although the cover 7 may be interchangeable or even integral with the objective 3 which it suffices to pivot from a quarter turn, simply manually, to orient the hole 6, then rectangular, of the cover 7 horizontally or vertically; this pivoting can also, by means of an electro-mechanical device, be controlled from a remote control and / or be programmed and then take place during transient lighting of the screen.
  • the interchangeability of flow and / or delimitation transient illuminations of the screen can also be obtained by means of disc [s] or ribbon [s], one comprising filters of different colors and / or another of the different holes, each disc or ribbon being maneuverable, its different positions are preferably identifiable by means of positioning lugs, manually and / or by means of an electro-mechanical device connected to a remote control and / or the control of which is programmable.
  • Such a miniature lantern and its control can be, as shown schematically in FIG. 1, an accessory independent of a slide projection apparatus.
  • the supply of the lamp 1 from the energy source 8 is controlled by detection of variations in the brightness of the screen by means of the ph ⁇ t ⁇ -voltaic cell 9, comprising an optical device projecting an image of the screen on its surface photo-sensitive, connected to the operational amplifier 10, mounted as a Schmitt trigger, controlling the engagement of the switch 11 as soon as the image of the projected slide disappears from the screen and releasing this contactor 11 as soon as the image d 'A new slide is superimposed on the transient lighting of the screen.
  • the variation of at least one of the two resistors 13 and 14 makes it possible to adjust the rate of hysterisis of tilting of the output of the amplifier 10 and the potentiometer 12 makes it possible to adjust the operation of the circuit according to the excitations of the cell 9.
  • the cell 9 can obviously be of another kind, for example a photo-transistor, by adapting to its characteristics the circuit controlling the sensor 11.
  • the contactor 11 can be replaced by an electro-mechanical mechanism for shutting off the light beam emanating from the lamp 1 while constantly energized.
  • the miniature lantern can also be incorporated into a slide projection apparatus and the supply of the lamp 1, from the energy source of this apparatus, can also be controlled via a contactor 11, as shown schematically FIG. 2, by means of the monostable switch 15 detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position; the frame of such a slide actuating the lever 16 in the direction of the arrow 17, the switch 15 disconnects the contactor 11 which al ⁇ rs opens.
  • the contactor 11 can be controlled, for example, by means of an opto-electronic device detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position.
  • the contactor 11 can be equipped with an inverter in order to supply alternately the lamp 1 and that for the projection of the slides.
  • the miniature lantern can also be controlled mechanically by means, for example, of a second opaque flap coupled to that for closing the projection beam of the slides controlled by the frame of each slide coming into the projection position and by the mechanism removing this slide, the lamp 1 then being constantly on.
  • the axis of the miniature lantern can also be preset for an average size of the screen.
  • the miniature lantern can also, in the case according to FIG. 1, be incorporated into a slide projection apparatus and, in the case according to FIG. 2, being external to such a device then being dependent only by electrical connections or a mechanical coupling.
  • One of the known devices for simultaneously varying the luminous fluxes of two beams can be used to control, twice in succession at each change of slides, said miniature lantern and that for the projection of the slides, the projected slide and the next being then exchanged between the first simultaneous, degressive and progressive variations, of the luminous fluxes of the beam of projectivity of the slides and of that producing the transient illumination of the screen, respectively, and the second variations, also simultaneous but respectively inverse, of the fluxes of these two beams.
  • a monostable switch actuated by the frame of each slide in the projection position, allows, if there is no slide to be projected and until a new slide is in the projection position, to disconnect, at need via a contactor, the device control varying the light fluxes, that of the beam, producing the transient illuminations of the screen thus remaining at its maximum.
  • this contactor can also be controlled, for example, by means of an ⁇ pto-electr ⁇ nic device detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position.
  • said miniature lantern can be incorporated into a slide projection device or be external to at least one such device then being dependent on it only by electrical connections having a mechanical coupling.
  • the miniature lantern also comprises a lamp 1, a condenser 2, a concave reflector 4 possibly necessary, as well as a filter 5 and a possible cover 7 which may be interchangeable; in addition, a double prism 18 distributes the light beam from the condenser 2 on each of the two objectives 3a and 3b on either side of the opaque partition 19, which project the light which they each receive over half of the screen on the same side as they are.
  • the slides are projected by means of another lantern comprising, partially seen, a usual source of light consisting of a lamp 20, a reflector 21, a condenser 22 and a heat-resistant filter 23, and a goal 24.
  • the distance from the objectives 3a and 3b to the space between the cover 7 and the ribbon 27 can be predetermined and the axes of the two half-beams coming from these objectives can be preset for an average size of the screen.
  • the opaque ribbons 25 and 27 shown schematically strongly thickened to clearly show the partial cuts, are driven by the drums 33 and 34 and move on the rollers 31a to 31c and 32a to 32d pivoting freely, respectively.
  • the rollers 31a to 31c and 32a to 32d may advantageously include a flange, not shown, at each of their ends guiding the strips 25 and 27 respectively.
  • the drive drums 33 and 34 are integral with one another and with the sector 35 which is partially toothed and meshed with the toothed wheel 36 of the motor 37.
  • the mechanism for moving the strips 25 and 27 is shown in one third of the first phase of its operation.
  • the change of slides is controlled by pressing the pusher 46 of the double switch 45 putting on the motor 37, which remains energized after release, by displacement of the stop 40 of the sector 35, of the lever 44 of the monostable switch 43 until that the stop 38 of the sector 35 actuates, by its lever 42, the double bistable reverser 41; the contactor 47, momentarily controlled by the capacitor 48, previously discharged by the resistor 49, controls the slide changing mechanism 50, shown only diagrammatically, which then removes the slide 29, the frame 30 of which thus releases the lever 51 from the monostable reverser 52 disconnecting the motor 37, hitherto disconnected by the contactor 47, until a new slide is in the projection position; the frame of this new slide actuating the lever 51 of the monostable reverser 52, the motor 37 is turned on again and, since the polarity at its terminals has been reversed, it drives sector 35 in the opposite direction until that its stop 40 actuates the lever 44 of the monostable switch 43 thus disconnecting the motor 37.
  • the lever 44 of the switch 43 must be positioned in such a way that the double inverter 41 cannot be actuated before the switch 43 in order to 'prevent the motor 37 from continuing to rotate but in the opposite direction, the double inverter 41 can be actuated during the next command to change slides.
  • Each change of slides is preceded by closing and then followed by the opening of windows 26a and 26b ru ban 25 closing and then gradually releasing the beam of projection of the slides and, simultaneously, preceded by the opening then followed by the closing of the windows 28a and 28b with the ribbon 27 releasing and then gradually closing the beams producing the transient stretching of the screen .
  • the image of the projected slide therefore gradually disappears from two of its parallel edges while the miniature lantern, by its objectives 3a and 3b each reversing on the screen the opening of the windows 28a and 28b of the ribbon 27 on both sides. other of the partition 19, gradually illuminates the screen from said parallel edges as the image of the projected slide disappears and, conversely, the image of the next device gradually appears while the two halves of gradually disappear transient illumination, the screen thus being kept lit in a particularly aesthetic manner during each change of slides.
  • the windows 26a and 26b of the tape 25 are also square and the windows 28a and 28b of the tape 27 are wider than they are high by the thickness of the partition 19; in this case, the cover 7 is not necessary.
  • Fig. 9 shows, diagrammatically, the two halves of the transient illumination, corresponding to the horizontal lines, covering on the screen the "erased" parts of the image, corresponding to the vertical lines, of slide 29.
  • the cover 7 is pierced with the hole 6, the length of which is increased by the thickness of the partition 19, seen in FIG. 6 or two holes 6, seen in FIG. 7, spaced from the sum of the thickness of the partition 19 and, proportionally, the difference between the length and the width of the slides according to whether they are oriented horizontally or vertically, respectively.
  • the windows of the ribbon 25 can also have, in particular, these windows being superimposed, the shape shown in FIG. 3 and each of the windows of the ribbon 27 the shape shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 4 showing their superimposition in their positions corresponding to the positions of the windows of the ribbon 25 in FIG. 3, these overlays being seen from the side of the condensers 2 and 22, respectively; the diameters of the drive drums 33 and 34 are then doubled.
  • the images of the slides disappear from their corners and appear from their center and, simultaneously, the transient illuminations appear from their corners and disappear from their center, the screen being kept lit even more aesthetically during each change of slides.
  • the cover 7 must be drilled with a hole 6, wider than the thickness of the partition 19, seen in FIG. 4.
  • the transient illuminations of the screen are limited to the part common to the two directions of images of rectangular slides mixed as regards their orientation, which is still very aesthetic and ophthalmically sufficient and which makes it possible to pass ideally from a horizontal image to a vertical image and vice versa; the cover 7 can obviously be simply drilled with the same two holes 6 as those resulting from this superposition or, if all the slides have the same horizontal or vertical orientation, be drilled as shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, respectively.
  • the circuit connected by the monostable inverter 52 makes it possible to control, by pressing push-button 46 of the double switch 45, only the mechanism 50 for changing slides; it is thus possible to make the slide magazine go forward and backward] until a new slide can be brought into the projection position, the screen remaining lit by the miniature lantern.
  • the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position can also be detected by an optoelectronic device controlling, for example, a contactor provided with an inverter replacing the inverter 52.
  • an optoelectronic device controlling, for example, a contactor provided with an inverter replacing the inverter 52.
  • the interchangeability of the filter 5 can be obtained by means of a disc or ribbon comprising filters of different colors which can be operated manually, from a remote control to whose control is programmable; the possible interchangeability of holes 6 of the cover 7 can also be obtained by means of a dis or tape with different holes.
  • the miniature lantern can also be external to the slide projection apparatus using two synchronous motors coupled to an electric shaft actuating separately but simultaneously one ribbon 25 and the other a ribbon 27 or even be external to two such devices using three synchronous motors coupled to an electric shaft, one, controlled with one of the other two alternately, actuating separately but simultaneously a ribbon 25 and, before and after each coincidence of the windows of this ribbon 25, one of the other two one of two ribbons 27 in order, in this second case, to reduce the time separating the successive images of slides.
  • the tape 25 could also move on the other side of the location for projecting the slides, the entire tape drive 25 and 27 then being located between this location and the objective 24.
  • the filter 5 can be located elsewhere in the path of the light but preferably outside the depth of the field of sharpness to avoid dust images on the screen.
  • a halogen lamp 1 of 10 or 20 watts is respectively sufficient.
  • the transient lighting of the screen When the transient lighting of the screen is mechanically controlled, the light which is necessary for them can be taken from the unused radiation of the lamp for slide projections by means of a mirror inclined on the axis of the miniature lantern, the light source is then a virtual image of this lamp and the condenser 2 replaced by a lens of greater focal length. It seems that the transient illuminations of the screen are more pleasantly diffused if the rays coming from the condenser 2 eu of said lens are parallel.
  • two additional lenses can, however, converge the two light beams, whose rays from the double prism 18 are parallel, on the objectives 3a and 3b; two separate miniature lanterns can also be used, obviously without double prism 18, each provided with a single objective 3 and producing half of the transient illumination of the screen, the windows 28a and 28b of the ribbon 25 being elongated by at least the width, corresponding to the thickness of the partition 19, of a cover on either side of which these windows 28a and 28b open and close.
  • the lamp l can advantageously be switched on just before the removal of the projected slide by an advance control of the contactor 11 and simultaneous with that of the slide changing mechanism by inserting the diode 54 and possibly the diode 55 into the circuit of the switch 53 of these commands.
  • the present invention can obviously also be applied to projections of views other than slides, both by episcopic and diascopic.
  • Industrial application possibilities The design according to FIG. 1 and the descriptions which relate to it in particular allow the manufacture of accessories to advantageously complement existing slide projection apparatus.
  • the design according to FIG. 2 and the descriptions which relate to it in particular make it possible to advantageously and easily supplement the models in the manufacture of slide projection apparatuses without having to increase either the power of their power transformer, the flow rate of their fan or their size.

Abstract

By completing an apparatus for projecting slides with a complementary light projector controlled by the opto-electronic detection of the presence or the absence of an image of a slide on a screen or, mechanically of a slide in a projection position, the screen is maintained lit between the successive images by complementary light projections of which the beam is delimited by the contour of the hole (6) of a mask (7). By simultaneous displacements of two opaque belts (24/27), each folded on itself and the two windows (26a, 26b,/28a, 28b) provided thereon and moving in reverse directions, one (25) stopping and releasing the beam projecting the slides (29), the other one (27) releasing and stopping two half-beams issued from a double prism (18) dividing the beam of a complementary projector facing the edge of a wall (19) dividing the opening of the windows (28a, 28b) of said other belt (27) into two halves of which each of the two objectives (3a, 3b) reverses the projection of one of them on one half of the screen, before and after each change of slide, their images and the complementary light projections appear and disappear by reciprocal variations of their surfaces.

Description

Appareillage pour projections de vues inanimées Domaine technique Apparatus for projections of inanimate views Technical area
Lors de projections successives de diapositives au moyen d'un seul appareil de projection, pendant chacun des échanges de la diapositive venant d'être projetée et de celle allant l'être, les observateurs sont plongés dans l'obscurité et l'écran de projection disparaît de leur vue, leurs iris dilatent leurs pupilles et leurs muscles de déformation de leurs cristallins se relâchent, de sorte que leurs yeux subissent, à chaque apparition de l'image d'unl nouvelle diapotive, un éblouissement de leurs rétines et une fatigue de réaccαmmαdatiαn, un élément dudit appareil obturant le faisceau de sa lanterne ou interrompant l'alimentation de sa lampe pour cacher les déplacements des diapositives et de leurs cadres, dont les projections seraient inesthétiques, et pour ne pas illuminer brillamment l'écran, ce qui serait encore plus néfaste à la vision.During successive projections of slides by means of a single projection device, during each of the exchanges of the slide which has just been projected and that which will be projected, the observers are plunged into darkness and the projection screen disappears from their sight, their irises dilate their pupils and their muscles of deformation of their crystalline lenses relax, so that their eyes undergo, with each appearance of the image of a new slide, a dazzle of their retinas and a tiredness of réaccαmmαdatiαn, an element of said device closing the beam of its lantern or interrupting the supply of its lamp to hide the movements of the slides and their frames, whose projections would be unsightly, and not to brightly illuminate the screen, which would be even more harmful to the vision.
La présente invention permet de supprimer le supplice auquel sont astreints les yeux des observateurs. Technique antérieureThe present invention makes it possible to eliminate the torment which is imposed on the eyes of observers. Prior art
Les documents de brevet DE 2657697, FR 2374663 et US 4130353, décrivent un mécanisme déplaçant simultanément la diapositive venant d'être projetée et celle allant l'être, ce qui réduit considérablement les moments d'obscurité mais insuffisamment pour ne pas être perçus par les yeux.Patent documents DE 2657697, FR 2374663 and US 4130353, describe a mechanism simultaneously moving the slide which has just been projected and that which is going to be, which considerably reduces the moments of darkness but insufficiently not to be perceived by the eyes.
Les documents de brevet DE 2925714 et EP 21Q0S décrivent un procédé consistant a intercaler, pendant les changements de diapositives, entre leur emplacement de projection et l'objectif, un réseau de multiples lentilles muni, sur sa face éclairée, d'un cache percé de trous virtuellement situés à travers lesdites lentilles dans ledit emplacement, ce qui permet d'éclairer l'écran sans que les déplacements des diapositives et de leurs cadres y apparaissent distinctement, mais ces éclairements sont variables en intensité et de densite mouvante.Patent documents DE 2925714 and EP 21Q0S describe a process consisting in interposing, during the changes of slides, between their projection location and the objective, a network of multiple lenses provided, on its illuminated face, with a cover pierced with holes virtually located through said lenses in said location, which makes it possible to illuminate the screen without the displacements of the slides and their frames appearing distinctly therein, but these illuminations are variable in intensity and of moving density.
Les documents de brevet DE 2723786 et GB 1582972 décrivent une combinaison de trois miroirs déviant une partie de la lumière émise par la lampe de l'appareil de projection et dont l'un, pivotant autour d'un axe qui lui est parallèle, dirige sur l'objectif, pendant les changements de diapositives, la dite partie de lumière ayant traversé un filtre de couleur interchangeable optiquement situé à la même distance dudit objectif que l'emplacement de projection des diapositives, ce qui permet d'éclairer l'écran en cachant les déplacements des diapositives et de leurs cadres mais l'image nette dudit filtre se meut jusqu'en dehors de l'écran pendant les pivotements du miroir pivotant et tremble pendant ses rebondissements; en outre, cette image, nettement plus petite que celles des diapositives, doit être nettement plus lumineuse pour obtenir un effet physiologique suffisant et, par rémanence des rétines localement plus excitées, se superpose brièvement à chaque nouvelle image de diapositive.Patent documents DE 2723786 and GB 1582972 describe a combination of three mirrors deflecting part of the light emitted by the lamp of the projection device and one of which, pivoting about an axis which is parallel to it, directs on the lens, during slide changes, the said part of light having passed through an optically interchangeable color filter located at the same distance from said objective as the projection location of the slides, which makes it possible to illuminate the screen by hiding the movements of the slides and their frames but the clear image of said filter moves to the outside of the screen during the pivoting of the pivoting mirror and trembles during its twists and turns; moreover, this image, which is clearly smaller than those of the slides, must be clearly brighter in order to obtain a sufficient physiological effect and, by remanence of the locally more excited retinas, is briefly superimposed on each new slide image.
Au moyen de deux appareils de projection commandés alternativement, la diapositive précédemment projetée peut être échangée avec celle à projeter ultérieurement dans un appareil pendant que l'autre projette une autre diapositive précédemment échangée avec celle antérieurement projetée et le passage d'une image à la suivante sur l'écran peut s'effectuer soit brusquement, sait en variant les flux lumineux progrèssivement dans un appareil et dégressivement dans l'autre; ce procédé est coûteux et compliqué, les images obtenues par superpositions sont irréelles et souvent pas harmonieuses car les sujets ne s'y prêtent que rarement, et il présente l'inconvénient du rangement alternatif dans deux magasins des diapositives à projeter successivement, toutefois, les documents de brevet DE 2930959 et EP 23945 décrivent un appareil double comprenant un double mécanisme permettant de projeter, par une de ses deux lanternes alternativement, les diapositives rangées successivement dans un magasin unique. Exposé de l'inventionBy means of two projection devices controlled alternately, the previously projected slide can be exchanged with that to be projected later in a device while the other projects another previously exchanged slide with the previously projected one and the passage from one image to the next on the screen can be done either suddenly, knows by varying the light fluxes progressively in one device and gradually in the other; this process is expensive and complicated, the images obtained by overlays are unreal and often not harmonious because the subjects lend themselves to it only rarely, and it has the disadvantage of the alternative arrangement in two magazines of the slides to be projected successively, however, the Patent documents DE 2930959 and EP 23945 describe a double device comprising a double mechanism making it possible to project, by one of its two lanterns alternately, the slides stored successively in a single store. Statement of the invention
L'appareillage pour projections de vues inanimées selon la présente invention est défini dans la revendication 1.The apparatus for projection of inanimate views according to the present invention is defined in claim 1.
Le projecteur complémentaire que comprend cet appareillage produit, pendant chacun des changements de diapositives, sans discontinuité perceptible et sans mobilité asymétrique que les yeux suivraient instinctivement, un éclairement transitoire de l'écran de projection agréablement diffus et de couleur, sans images de poussières, délimité de préférence au même format que celui des images de diapositives ou au moins d'une surface commune aux orientations horizontales et verti cales d'images rectangulaires, d'intensité et de densité lumineuses constantes et ophthalmiquement approximativement équivalentes à celles d'images de diapositives de sorte que la grandeur des pupilles des observateurs est maintenu constante sans rémanence de l'excitation de leurs rétines et, la déformation de leurs cristallins restant aussi constante, chaque nouvelle image leur apparaît immédiatement nette.The complementary projector that this apparatus includes produces, during each change of slides, without perceptible discontinuity and without asymmetrical mobility that the eyes would instinctively follow, a transient illumination of the pleasantly diffuse and colored projection screen, without dust images, delimited preferably in the same format as that of the images of slides or at least of a surface common to the horizontal and vertical orientations wedges of rectangular images, of constant light intensity and density and ophthalmically approximately equivalent to those of slide images so that the size of the pupils of the observers is kept constant without remanence of the excitation of their retinas and, the deformation of their lenses remaining as constant, each new image immediately appears clear to them.
Les changements de diapositives sont ainsi transformés, efficacement et esthétiquement, en des moments de relâchement bénéfiques, l'observation d'images de diapositives devenant autrement astreignante. En outre, l'écran reste agréablement éclairé même s'il manque des diapositives dans leur magasin et pendant chaque changement de magasins.The slide changes are thus transformed, efficiently and aesthetically, into beneficial moments of relaxation, the observation of slide images becoming otherwise demanding. In addition, the screen remains pleasantly lit even if there are missing slides in their store and during each change of stores.
L'efficacité de ce mode de projection peut être augmentée par la simultanéité d'apparitions et disparitions progressives des éclairements transitoires de l'écran et des respectives disparitions et apparitions progressives des images de diapositives sans risque de superpositions pas harmonieuses de deux images; ces apparitions et disparitions peuvent notamment être obtenues par de hautement esthétiques variations réciproques des surfaces adjacentes des éclairements transitoires et des images de diapositives. Brève description des dessinsThe effectiveness of this projection mode can be increased by the simultaneity of progressive appearances and disappearances of the transient illuminations of the screen and of the respective gradual disappearances and appearances of the images of slides without risk of not harmonious overlaps of two images; these appearances and disappearances can in particular be obtained by highly aesthetic reciprocal variations of the adjacent surfaces of the transient illuminations and of the images of slides. Brief description of the drawings
La Fig. 1 montre schématiquement un premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention fonctionnant par détection des variations de luminosité de l'écran.Fig. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of the invention operating by detecting variations in the brightness of the screen.
La Fig. 2 montre schématiquement un second exemple de réalisation fonctionnant par détection de la présence et de l'absence d'une diapositive en position de projection. La Fig. 3 montre les perçages, d'une forme particulière, superposés du ruban d'obturation du faisceau de projection des diapositives dans l'exemple de réalisation selon la Fig. 10.Fig. 2 schematically shows a second exemplary embodiment operating by detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position. Fig. 3 shows the holes, of a particular shape, superimposed on the shutter tape of the projection beam of the slides in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10.
La Fig. 4 montre les perçages, d'une forme particulière correspondante à celle de la Fig. 3, superposés du ruban d'obturation des faisceaux produisant les éclairements transitoires de l'écran dans l'exemple de réalisation selon la Fig. 10. La Fig. 5 montre isolément ladite forme de la Fig. 4. Les Fig. 6 et 7 montrent chacune une forme de perçage du cache de délimitation des éclairements transitoires de l'écran dans l'exemple de réalisation selon la Fig. 10. La Fig. 8 montre la forme obtenue par superposition des caches selon les Fig. S et 7.Fig. 4 shows the holes, of a particular shape corresponding to that of FIG. 3, superimposed on the shutter tape for the beams producing the transient illuminations of the screen in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10. Fig. 5 shows in isolation said form of FIG. 4. Figs. 6 and 7 each show a form of drilling of the mask for delimiting the transient illuminations of the screen in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10. Fig. 8 shows the shape obtained by superimposing the covers according to FIGS. S and 7.
La Fig. 9 montre schématiquement et très réduit l'éclairement de l'écran correspondant aux positions des rubans d'obturation tels qu'ils sont représentés dans la Fig. 10.Fig. 9 shows schematically and very reduced the illumination of the screen corresponding to the positions of the shutter ribbons as shown in FIG. 10.
La Fig. 10 montre schématiquement un troisième exemple de réalisation de l'invention avec apparitions et disparitions progressives des éclairements transitoires de l'écran et des images de diapositives par variations de leurs surfaces. Manières de réaliser l'inventionFig. 10 schematically shows a third exemplary embodiment of the invention with progressive appearances and disappearances of the transient illuminations of the screen and the images of slides by variations of their surfaces. Ways to realize the invention
La lanterne miniature représentée dans les Fig. 1 et 2 comprend une lampe 1, un condenseur 2 et un objectif 3 de courtes distances focales, ainsi qu'un réflecteur concave 4 éventuellement nécessaire; cette forme de réalisation dudit projecteur complémentaire n'est pas limitative et pourrait être remplacée, par exemple, par un phare à miroir de forme paraboloïdale.The miniature lantern shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a lamp 1, a condenser 2 and a lens 3 of short focal distances, as well as a concave reflector 4 possibly necessary; this embodiment of said complementary headlamp is not limiting and could be replaced, for example, by a paraboloidal mirror headlight.
La couleur, de préférence verte reposante pour les yeux, des éclairements transitaires de l'écran est obtenue au moyen du filtre 5 qui peut être interchangeable.The color, preferably green resting for the eyes, of the transitory illuminations of the screen is obtained by means of the filter 5 which can be interchangeable.
La délimitation des éclairements transitoires de l'écran, de préférence au même format que celui des images des diapositives, est obtenue, afin de ne jamais projeter d'images de poussières sur l'écran, par l'image du pourtour du trou 6 du cache 7.The delimitation of the transient illuminations of the screen, preferably in the same format as that of the images of the slides, is obtained, so as to never project dust images on the screen, by the image of the periphery of the hole 6 of the cover 7.
Un éventuel flou de l'image du pourtour de ce trou 6 n'étant pas inesthétique, la distance du cache 7 à l'objectif 3 peut donc être fixe, cette distance ayant été prédéterminée pour une grandeur moyenne de l'écran. Si les diapositives sont de format rectangulaire, le trou 6 du cache 7 peut être d'une forme intermédiaire, ronde ou carrée, au bien le cache 7 peut être interchangeable ou encore solidaire de l'objectif 3 qu'il suffit de pivoter d'un quart de tour, simplement manuellement, pour orienter horizontalement ou verticalement le trou 6, alors rectangulaire, du cache 7; ce pivotement peut aussi, au moyen d'un dispositif électro-mécanique, être commandé depuis une commande à distance et/ou être programmé et avoir alors lieu pendant un éclairage transitoire de l'écran. Les interchangeabiliés de couler et/ou de la délimitation des éclairements transitoires de l'écran peuvent aussi être obtenues au moyen de disque[s] ou ruban[s], l'un comprenant des filtres de différentes couleurs et/ou un autre des trous différents, chaque disque ou ruban étant manoeuvrable, ses différentes positions étant de préférence repérables au moyen d'ergots de positionnement, manuellement et/ou au moyen d'un dispositif électro-mécanique raccordé à une commande à distance et/ou dont la commande est programmable.A possible blurring of the image of the periphery of this hole 6 is not unsightly, the distance from the cover 7 to the objective 3 can therefore be fixed, this distance having been predetermined for an average size of the screen. If the slides are of rectangular format, the hole 6 of the cover 7 may be of an intermediate shape, round or square, although the cover 7 may be interchangeable or even integral with the objective 3 which it suffices to pivot from a quarter turn, simply manually, to orient the hole 6, then rectangular, of the cover 7 horizontally or vertically; this pivoting can also, by means of an electro-mechanical device, be controlled from a remote control and / or be programmed and then take place during transient lighting of the screen. The interchangeability of flow and / or delimitation transient illuminations of the screen can also be obtained by means of disc [s] or ribbon [s], one comprising filters of different colors and / or another of the different holes, each disc or ribbon being maneuverable, its different positions are preferably identifiable by means of positioning lugs, manually and / or by means of an electro-mechanical device connected to a remote control and / or the control of which is programmable.
Une telle lanterne miniature et sa commande peuvent être, comme le montre schématiquement la Fig. 1, un accessoire indépendant d'un appareil de projection de diapositives.Such a miniature lantern and its control can be, as shown schematically in FIG. 1, an accessory independent of a slide projection apparatus.
L'alimentation de la lampe 1 depuis la source d'énergie 8 est commandée par détection des variations de luminosité de l'écran au moyen de la cellule phαtα-voltaïque 9, comprenant un dispositif optique projetant une image de l'écran sur sa surface photo-sensible, raccordée à l'amplificateur opérationnel 10, monté en trigger de Schmitt, commandant l'enclenchement du cαntacteur 11 dès que L'image de la diapositive projetée disparait de l'écran et libérant ce contacteur 11 dès que l'image d'une nouvelle diapositive se superpose à 1 ' éclairement transitoire de l'écran.The supply of the lamp 1 from the energy source 8 is controlled by detection of variations in the brightness of the screen by means of the phαtα-voltaic cell 9, comprising an optical device projecting an image of the screen on its surface photo-sensitive, connected to the operational amplifier 10, mounted as a Schmitt trigger, controlling the engagement of the switch 11 as soon as the image of the projected slide disappears from the screen and releasing this contactor 11 as soon as the image d 'A new slide is superimposed on the transient lighting of the screen.
La variation d'au moins une des deux résistances 13 et 14 permet de régler le taux d'hystérisis de basculement de la sortie de l'amplificateur 10 et le potentiomètre 12 permet d'ajuster le fonctionnement du circuit en fonction des excitations de la cellule 9.The variation of at least one of the two resistors 13 and 14 makes it possible to adjust the rate of hysterisis of tilting of the output of the amplifier 10 and the potentiometer 12 makes it possible to adjust the operation of the circuit according to the excitations of the cell 9.
La cellule 9 peut évidemment être d'un autre genre, par exemple un photo-transistor, en adaptant à ses caractéristiques le circuit commandant le cαntacteur 11. Le contacteur 11 peut être remplacé par un mécanisme électro-mécanique d'obturation du faisceau de lumière émanant de la lampe 1 alors constamment sous tension.The cell 9 can obviously be of another kind, for example a photo-transistor, by adapting to its characteristics the circuit controlling the sensor 11. The contactor 11 can be replaced by an electro-mechanical mechanism for shutting off the light beam emanating from the lamp 1 while constantly energized.
La lanterne miniature peut également être incorporée à un appareil de projection de diapositives et l'alimentation de la lampe 1, depuis la source d'énergie de cet appareil, peut aussi être commandée par l'intermédiaire d'un contacteur 11, comme le montre schématiquement la Fig. 2, au moyen de l'interrupteur monostable 15 détectant la présence et l'absence d'une diapositive en position de projection; le cadre d'unetelle diapositive actionnant le levier 16 dans le sens de la flèche 17, l'interrupteur 15 déconnecte le contacteur 11 qui alαrs s'ouvre.The miniature lantern can also be incorporated into a slide projection apparatus and the supply of the lamp 1, from the energy source of this apparatus, can also be controlled via a contactor 11, as shown schematically FIG. 2, by means of the monostable switch 15 detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position; the frame of such a slide actuating the lever 16 in the direction of the arrow 17, the switch 15 disconnects the contactor 11 which alαrs opens.
Au lieu d'être commandé au moyen de l'interrupteur 15, le contacteur 11 peut l'être, par exemple, au moyen d'un dispositif opto-électronique détectant la présence et l ' absence d ' une diapositive en position de projection.Instead of being controlled by means of the switch 15, the contactor 11 can be controlled, for example, by means of an opto-electronic device detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position.
Le contacteur 11 peut être équipé d'un inverseur afin d'alimenter alternativement la lampe 1 et celle pour la projection des diapositives. La lanterne miniature peut aussi être commandée mécaniquement au moyen, par exemple, d'un second volet opaque accouplé à celui d'obturation du faisceau de projection des diapositives commandé par le cadre de chaque diapositive venant en position de projection et par le mécanisme retirant cette diapositive, la lampe 1 étant alors constamment sous tension. L'axe de la lanterne miniature peut, aussi pour une grandeur moyenne de l'écran, être préréglé.The contactor 11 can be equipped with an inverter in order to supply alternately the lamp 1 and that for the projection of the slides. The miniature lantern can also be controlled mechanically by means, for example, of a second opaque flap coupled to that for closing the projection beam of the slides controlled by the frame of each slide coming into the projection position and by the mechanism removing this slide, the lamp 1 then being constantly on. The axis of the miniature lantern can also be preset for an average size of the screen.
Entre les limites usuelles des dimensions de l'écran correspondant à une luminosité satisfaisante, les différences de grandeur et de position entre les images de diapositives et la délimitation des éclairements transitoires de l ' écran sont minimes et ne se remarquent pas .Between the usual limits of the dimensions of the screen corresponding to a satisfactory brightness, the differences in size and position between the images of slides and the delimitation of the transient illuminations of the screen are minimal and are not noticeable.
La lanterne miniature peut aussi, dans le cas selon la Fig. 1, être incorporée à un appareil de projection de diapositives et , dans le cas selon la Fig . 2 , être extérieure à un tel appareil n'en étant alors dépendante que par des raccordements électriques ou un accouplement mécanique.The miniature lantern can also, in the case according to FIG. 1, be incorporated into a slide projection apparatus and, in the case according to FIG. 2, being external to such a device then being dependent only by electrical connections or a mechanical coupling.
L'un des dispositifs connus de variations simultanées des flux lumineux de deux faisceaux peut être utilisé pour commander, deux fois de suite à chaque changement de diapositives, ladite lanterne miniature et celle pour la projection des diapositives, la diapositive projetée et la suivante étant alors échangées entre les premières variations simultanées, dégressive et progressive, des flux lumineux du faisceau de projectiαn des diapositives et de celui produisant l'éclairement transitoire de l'écran, respectivement, et les secondes variations, également simultanées mais respectivement inverses, des flux de ces deux faisceaux.One of the known devices for simultaneously varying the luminous fluxes of two beams can be used to control, twice in succession at each change of slides, said miniature lantern and that for the projection of the slides, the projected slide and the next being then exchanged between the first simultaneous, degressive and progressive variations, of the luminous fluxes of the beam of projectivity of the slides and of that producing the transient illumination of the screen, respectively, and the second variations, also simultaneous but respectively inverse, of the fluxes of these two beams.
Ainsi, à chaque changement de diapositives, l'image de la diapositive projetée disparaît progressivement puis l'image de la suivante apparaît progressivement sur un fond lumineux transitoire apparaissant puis disparaissant progressivement sans grandes variations de luminosité de l'écran et sans risque de superposition pas harmonieuse des deux images. Un interrupteur monostable, actionné par le cadre de chaque diapositive en position de projection, permet, s'il n'y a pas de diapositive à projeter et jusqu'à ce qu'une nouvelle diapositive soit en position de projection, de déconnecter, au besoin par l'intermédiaire d'un contacteur, la commande du dispositif variant les flux lumineux, celui du faisceau, produisant les éclairements transitoires de l'écran restant ainsi à son maximum.Thus, with each change of slides, the image of the projected slide gradually disappears, then the image of the following appears gradually on a transient light background appearing then disappearing gradually without large variations in screen brightness and without risk of not harmonious superposition of the two images. A monostable switch, actuated by the frame of each slide in the projection position, allows, if there is no slide to be projected and until a new slide is in the projection position, to disconnect, at need via a contactor, the device control varying the light fluxes, that of the beam, producing the transient illuminations of the screen thus remaining at its maximum.
Au lieu d'être commandé au moyen d'un interrupteur, ce contacteur peut aussi l'être, par exemple, au moyen d'un dispositif αpto-électrαnique détectant la présence et l'absence d'une diapositive en position de projection.Instead of being controlled by means of a switch, this contactor can also be controlled, for example, by means of an αpto-electrαnic device detecting the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position.
Aussi dans ce cas avec variations des flux lumineux, ladite lanterne miniature peut être incorporée à un appareil de projection de diapositives ou être extérieure à au moins un tel appareil n'en étant alors dépendante que par des raccordements électriques eu un accouplement mécanique.Also in this case with variations in light flux, said miniature lantern can be incorporated into a slide projection device or be external to at least one such device then being dependent on it only by electrical connections having a mechanical coupling.
Dans le cas selon la Fig. 10, la lanterne miniature comprend également une lampe 1, un condenseur 2, un réflecteur concave 4 éventuellement nécessaire, ainsi qu'un filtre 5 et un éventuel cache 7 qui peuvent être interchangeables; en plus, un double prisme 18 répartit le faisceau de lumière issu du condenseur 2 sur chacun des deux objectifs 3a et 3b de part et d'autre de la cloison opaque 19, lesquels projettent la lumière qu'ils reçoivent chacun sur la moitié de l'écran du même coté qu'ils se trouvent.In the case according to FIG. 10, the miniature lantern also comprises a lamp 1, a condenser 2, a concave reflector 4 possibly necessary, as well as a filter 5 and a possible cover 7 which may be interchangeable; in addition, a double prism 18 distributes the light beam from the condenser 2 on each of the two objectives 3a and 3b on either side of the opaque partition 19, which project the light which they each receive over half of the screen on the same side as they are.
Les diapositives sont projetées au moyen d'une autre lanterne comprenant, partiellement vus, une source habituelle de lumière constituée d'une lampe 20, d'un réflecteur 21, d'un condenseur 22 et d'un filtre anti-calorique 23, et un objectif 24.The slides are projected by means of another lantern comprising, partially seen, a usual source of light consisting of a lamp 20, a reflector 21, a condenser 22 and a heat-resistant filter 23, and a goal 24.
La distance des objectifs 3a et 3b à l'espace entre le cache 7 et le ruban 27 peut être prédéterminée et les axes des deux demi-faisceaux issus de ces objectifs peuvent être préréglés pour une grandeur moyenne de l'écran. Les rubans opaques 25 et 27 représentés schématiquement fortement épaissis pour en montrer distinctement les coupes partdielles, sont entraînés par les tambours 33 et 34 et se meuvent sur les rouleaux 31a à 31c et 32a à 32d pivotant librement, respectivement. Les rouleaux 31a à 31c et 32a à 32d peuvent avantageusement comprendre un rebord, non représenté, à chacune de leurs extrémités guidant les rubans 25 et 27 respectivement.The distance from the objectives 3a and 3b to the space between the cover 7 and the ribbon 27 can be predetermined and the axes of the two half-beams coming from these objectives can be preset for an average size of the screen. The opaque ribbons 25 and 27 shown schematically strongly thickened to clearly show the partial cuts, are driven by the drums 33 and 34 and move on the rollers 31a to 31c and 32a to 32d pivoting freely, respectively. The rollers 31a to 31c and 32a to 32d may advantageously include a flange, not shown, at each of their ends guiding the strips 25 and 27 respectively.
Les tambours d'entraînement 33 et 34 sont solidaires l'un de l'autre et du secteur 35 partiellement denté et engrené sur la roue dentée 36 du moteur 37.The drive drums 33 and 34 are integral with one another and with the sector 35 which is partially toothed and meshed with the toothed wheel 36 of the motor 37.
Le mécanisme de déplacement des rubans 25 et 27 est représenté au tiers de la première phase de son fonctionnement.The mechanism for moving the strips 25 and 27 is shown in one third of the first phase of its operation.
Le changement de diapositives est commandé par pression du poussoir 46 du double commutateur 45 mettant sαus tension le moteur 37, lequel reste sous tension après libération, par déplacement de la butée 40 du secteur 35, du levier 44 de l'interrupteur monostable 43 jusqu'à ce que la butée 38 du secteur 35 actionne, par son levier 42, le double inverseur bistable 41; le contacteur 47, commandé momentanément par l'intermediaire du condensateur 48, préalablement déchargé par la résistance 49, commande le mécanisme 50 de changement de diapositives, représenté seulement schématiquement, qui retire alors la diapositive 29 dont le cadre 30 libère ainsi le levier 51 de l'inverseur monostable 52 déconnectant le moteur 37, déconnecté jusque là par le contacteur 47, jusqu'à ce qu'une nouvelle diapositive se trouve en position de projection; le cadre de cette nouvelle diapositive actionnant le levier 51 de l'inverseur monostable 52, le moteur 37 est remis sαus tension et, du fait que la polarité à ses bornes a été inversée, il entraîne en sens contraire le secteur 35 jusqu'à ce que sa butée 40 actionne le levier 44 de l'interrupteur monostable 43 déconnectant ainsi le moteur 37. Le levier 44 de l'interrupteur 43 doit être positionné de telle façon que le double inverseur 41 ne puisse être actionné avant l'interrupteur 43 afin d'empêcher le moteur 37 de continuer à tourner mais en sens contraire, le double inverseur 41 pouvant être actionné lors de la commande suivante de changement de diapositives.The change of slides is controlled by pressing the pusher 46 of the double switch 45 putting on the motor 37, which remains energized after release, by displacement of the stop 40 of the sector 35, of the lever 44 of the monostable switch 43 until that the stop 38 of the sector 35 actuates, by its lever 42, the double bistable reverser 41; the contactor 47, momentarily controlled by the capacitor 48, previously discharged by the resistor 49, controls the slide changing mechanism 50, shown only diagrammatically, which then removes the slide 29, the frame 30 of which thus releases the lever 51 from the monostable reverser 52 disconnecting the motor 37, hitherto disconnected by the contactor 47, until a new slide is in the projection position; the frame of this new slide actuating the lever 51 of the monostable reverser 52, the motor 37 is turned on again and, since the polarity at its terminals has been reversed, it drives sector 35 in the opposite direction until that its stop 40 actuates the lever 44 of the monostable switch 43 thus disconnecting the motor 37. The lever 44 of the switch 43 must be positioned in such a way that the double inverter 41 cannot be actuated before the switch 43 in order to 'prevent the motor 37 from continuing to rotate but in the opposite direction, the double inverter 41 can be actuated during the next command to change slides.
Chaque changement de diapositives est précédé de la fermeture puis suivi de l'ouverture des fenêtres 26a et 26b ru ban 25 obturant puis libérant progressivement le faisceau de prαjection des diapositives et, simultanément, précédé de l'ouverture puis suivi de la fermeture des fenêtres 28a et 28b du ruban 27 libérant puis obturant progressivement les faisceaux produisant l'éc lairement transitoire de l'écran.Each change of slides is preceded by closing and then followed by the opening of windows 26a and 26b ru ban 25 closing and then gradually releasing the beam of projection of the slides and, simultaneously, preceded by the opening then followed by the closing of the windows 28a and 28b with the ribbon 27 releasing and then gradually closing the beams producing the transient stretching of the screen .
L'image de la diapositive projetée disparaît donc progressivement depuis deux de ses bords parallèles tandis que la lanterne miniature, par ses objectifs 3a et 3b renversant chacun sur l'écran l'ouverture des fenêtres 28a et 28b du ruban 27 de part et d'autre de la cloison 19, éclaire progressivement l'écran depuis lesdits bords parallèles au fur et à mesure que l'image de la diapositive projetée disparaît et, inversement, l'image de la dispositive suivante apparaît progressivement tandis que disparaissent progressivement les deux moitiés de l'éclairement transitoire, l'écran étant ainsi maintenu éclairé d'une façon particulièrement esthétique lors de chaque changement de diapositives.The image of the projected slide therefore gradually disappears from two of its parallel edges while the miniature lantern, by its objectives 3a and 3b each reversing on the screen the opening of the windows 28a and 28b of the ribbon 27 on both sides. other of the partition 19, gradually illuminates the screen from said parallel edges as the image of the projected slide disappears and, conversely, the image of the next device gradually appears while the two halves of gradually disappear transient illumination, the screen thus being kept lit in a particularly aesthetic manner during each change of slides.
Si les diapositives sont de format carré, les fenêtres 26a et 26b du ruban 25 sont également carrées et les fenêtres 28a et 28b du ruban 27 sont plus larges que hautes de l'épaisseur de la cloison 19; dans ce cas, le cache 7 n'est pas nécessaire.If the slides are of square format, the windows 26a and 26b of the tape 25 are also square and the windows 28a and 28b of the tape 27 are wider than they are high by the thickness of the partition 19; in this case, the cover 7 is not necessary.
La Fig. 9 montre, schématiquement, les deux moitiés de i'éclairement transitoire, correspondant aux lignes horizontales, recouvrant sur l'écran les parties "effacées" de l'image, correspondant aux lignes verticales, de la diapositive 29.Fig. 9 shows, diagrammatically, the two halves of the transient illumination, corresponding to the horizontal lines, covering on the screen the "erased" parts of the image, corresponding to the vertical lines, of slide 29.
Si les diapositives sont de format rectangulaire, le cache 7 est percé du trou 6, dont la longueur est augmentée de l'épaisseur de la cloison 19, vu dans la Fig. 6 ou des deux trous 6, vus dans la Fig. 7, espacés de la somme de l'épaisseur de la cloison 19 et de, proportionnellement, la différence entre la longueur et la largeur des diapositives selon qu'elles sont orientées horizontalement ou verticalement, respectivement.If the slides are of rectangular format, the cover 7 is pierced with the hole 6, the length of which is increased by the thickness of the partition 19, seen in FIG. 6 or two holes 6, seen in FIG. 7, spaced from the sum of the thickness of the partition 19 and, proportionally, the difference between the length and the width of the slides according to whether they are oriented horizontally or vertically, respectively.
Les fenêtres du ruban 25 peuvent aussi avoir, notamment, ces fenêtres étant superposées, la forme montrée dans la Fig. 3 et chacune des fenêtres du ruban 27 la forme montrée dans la Fig. 5, la Fig. 4 en montrant leur superposition dans leurs positions correspondantes aux positions des fenêtres du ruban 25 dans la Fig. 3, ces superpositions étant vues du coté des condenseurs 2 et 22, respectivement; les diamètres des tam¬bours d'entraînement 33 et 34 sont alors doublés. Ainsi, les images des diapositives disparaissent depuis leurs coins et apparaissent depuis leur centre et, simultanément, les éclairements transitoires apparaissent depuis leurs coins et disparaissent depuis leur centre, l'écran étant maintenu éclairé encore plus esthétiquement lors de chaque changement de diapositives.The windows of the ribbon 25 can also have, in particular, these windows being superimposed, the shape shown in FIG. 3 and each of the windows of the ribbon 27 the shape shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 4 showing their superimposition in their positions corresponding to the positions of the windows of the ribbon 25 in FIG. 3, these overlays being seen from the side of the condensers 2 and 22, respectively; the diameters of the drive drums 33 and 34 are then doubled. Thus, the images of the slides disappear from their corners and appear from their center and, simultaneously, the transient illuminations appear from their corners and disappear from their center, the screen being kept lit even more aesthetically during each change of slides.
Dans cet autre cas, si les diapositives sont de format carré, le cache 7 doit être percé d'un trou 6, plus large que haut de l'épaisseur de la cloison 19, vu dans la Fig. 4. Dans ce même autre cas, en superposant deux caches 7 percés l'un comme la Fig. 6 et l'autre comme la Fig. 7, ce que montre la Fig. 8, les éclairements transitoires de l'écran sont limités à la partie commune aux deux directions d'images de diapositives rectangulaires mélangées quant à leur orientation, ce qui est encore très esthétique et ophthalmiquement suffisant et qui permet de passer idéalement d'une image horizontale à une image verticale et vice versa; le cache 7 peut évidemment être simplement percé des deux mêmes trous 6 que ceux résultant de cette superposition ou encore, si toutes les diapositives ont la même orientation horizontale ou verticale, être percé comme le montrent les Fig. 6 au 7, respectivement.In this other case, if the slides are of square format, the cover 7 must be drilled with a hole 6, wider than the thickness of the partition 19, seen in FIG. 4. In this same other case, by superimposing two covers 7 drilled, one as in FIG. 6 and the other as in FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 8, the transient illuminations of the screen are limited to the part common to the two directions of images of rectangular slides mixed as regards their orientation, which is still very aesthetic and ophthalmically sufficient and which makes it possible to pass ideally from a horizontal image to a vertical image and vice versa; the cover 7 can obviously be simply drilled with the same two holes 6 as those resulting from this superposition or, if all the slides have the same horizontal or vertical orientation, be drilled as shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, respectively.
S'il n'y a pas de diapositive en position de projection, le circuit connecté par l'inverseur monostable 52 permet de commander, par pression du poussoir 46 du double commutateur 45, uniquement le mécanisme 50 de changement de diapositives; il est ainsi possible de faire avancer Cou reculer] le magasin de diapositives jusqu'à ce qu'une nouvelle diapositive puisse être amenée en position de projection, l'écran restant éclairé par la lanterne miniature.If there is no slide in the projection position, the circuit connected by the monostable inverter 52 makes it possible to control, by pressing push-button 46 of the double switch 45, only the mechanism 50 for changing slides; it is thus possible to make the slide magazine go forward and backward] until a new slide can be brought into the projection position, the screen remaining lit by the miniature lantern.
La présence et l'absence d'une diapositive en position de projection peut aussi être détectée par un dispositif optoélectronique commandant, par exemple, un contacteur muni d'un inverseur remplaçant l'inverseur 52. Aussi dans le cas selon la Fig. 10, l'interchangeabilité du filtre 5 peut être obtenue au moyen d'un disque ou ruban comprenant des filtres de différentes couleurs manoeuvrable manuellement, depuis une commande à distance au dont la commande est programmable; l'interchangeabilité éventuelle de trous 6 du cache 7 peut aussi être obtenue au moyen d'un dis que ou ruban comprenant des trous différents.The presence and absence of a slide in the projection position can also be detected by an optoelectronic device controlling, for example, a contactor provided with an inverter replacing the inverter 52. Also in the case according to FIG. 10, the interchangeability of the filter 5 can be obtained by means of a disc or ribbon comprising filters of different colors which can be operated manually, from a remote control to whose control is programmable; the possible interchangeability of holes 6 of the cover 7 can also be obtained by means of a dis or tape with different holes.
Egalement dans cette forme de réalisation avec variations des surfaces éclairées, la lanterne miniature peut aussi être extérieure à l'appareil de projection de diapositives en utilisant deux moteurs synchrones accouplés en arbre électrique actionnant séparément mais simultanément l'un un ruban 25 et l'autre un ruban 27 ou encore être extérieure à deux de tels appareils en utilisant trois moteurs synchrones accouplés en arbre électrique, l'un, commandé avec un des deux autres alternativement, actionnant séparément mais simultanément un ruban 25 et, avant et après chaque coïncidence des fenêtres de ce ruban 25, l'un des deux autres un de deux rubans 27 afin, dans ce second cas, de réduire le temps séparant les images successives de diapositives. La forme de réalisation selon la Fig. 10 n'est pas limitative; notamment, il serait plus simple de faire se mouvoir, simultanément et dans le même sens, deux rideaux opaques, l'un obturant puis libérant le faisceau de projection des diapositives, l'autre libérant puis obturant le faisceau produisant les éclairements transitoires de l'écran, la lantern miniature ne comprenant alors qu'un seul objectif 3, mais ce va-et-vient asymétrique serait gênant à regarder.Also in this embodiment with variations in the illuminated surfaces, the miniature lantern can also be external to the slide projection apparatus using two synchronous motors coupled to an electric shaft actuating separately but simultaneously one ribbon 25 and the other a ribbon 27 or even be external to two such devices using three synchronous motors coupled to an electric shaft, one, controlled with one of the other two alternately, actuating separately but simultaneously a ribbon 25 and, before and after each coincidence of the windows of this ribbon 25, one of the other two one of two ribbons 27 in order, in this second case, to reduce the time separating the successive images of slides. The embodiment according to FIG. 10 is not limiting; in particular, it would be simpler to move, simultaneously and in the same direction, two opaque curtains, one closing and then releasing the projection beam of the slides, the other releasing and then shutting the beam producing the transient illuminations of the screen, the miniature lantern then comprising only one objective 3, but this asymmetrical back-and-forth would be embarrassing to watch.
Dans la Fig. 10, le ruban 25 pourrait aussi se mouvoir de l'autre coté de l'emplacement de projection des diapositives, tout le dispositif d'entraînement des rubans 25 et 27 étant alors situé entre cet emplacement et l'objectif 24.In Fig. 10, the tape 25 could also move on the other side of the location for projecting the slides, the entire tape drive 25 and 27 then being located between this location and the objective 24.
Dans tous les cas décrits, le filtre 5 peut être situé en un autre endroit du parcours de la lumière mais de préférence en dehors de la profondeur du champ de netteté pour éviter des images de poussières sur l'écran.In all the cases described, the filter 5 can be located elsewhere in the path of the light but preferably outside the depth of the field of sharpness to avoid dust images on the screen.
Pour une puissance de 150 ou 250 watts de la lampe à halogène servant à la projection des diapositives, une lampe l à halogène de 10 ou 20 watts est respectivement suffisante.For a power of 150 or 250 watts of the halogen lamp used for projecting slides, a halogen lamp 1 of 10 or 20 watts is respectively sufficient.
Lorsque les éclairages transitoires de l'écran sont commandés mécaniquement, la lumière qui leur est nécessaire peut être prélevée sur le rayonnement inutilisé de la lampe pour les projections de diapositives au moyen d'un miroir incliné sur l'axe de la lanterne miniature dont la source de lumière est alors une image virtuelle de cette lampe et le condenseur 2 remplacé par une lentille de plus grande distance focale. Il semble que les éclairements transitoires de l'écran sont plus agréablement diffus si les rayons issus du condenseur 2 eu de ladite lentille sont parallèles.When the transient lighting of the screen is mechanically controlled, the light which is necessary for them can be taken from the unused radiation of the lamp for slide projections by means of a mirror inclined on the axis of the miniature lantern, the light source is then a virtual image of this lamp and the condenser 2 replaced by a lens of greater focal length. It seems that the transient illuminations of the screen are more pleasantly diffused if the rays coming from the condenser 2 eu of said lens are parallel.
Dans la forme de réalisation selon la Fig. 10, deux lentilles supplémentaires peuvent cependant faire converger les deux faisceaux de lumière, dont les rayons issus du double prisme 18 sont parallèles, sur les objectifs 3a et 3b; il peut aussi être utilisées deux lanternes miniatures distinctes, évidemment sans double prisme 18, chacune munie d'un seul objectif 3 et produisant une moitié des éclairements transitoires de l'écran, les fenêtres 28a et 28b du ruban 25 étant allongées d'au moins la largeur, correspondant à l'épaisseur de la cloison 19, d'un cache de part et d'autre duquel s'ouvrent et se ferment ces fenêtres 28a et 28b. Dans le cas selon la Fig. 2, la lampe l peut avantageusement être mise sαus tension juste avant le retrait de la diapositive projetée par une commande anticipée du contacteur 11 et simultanée avec celle du mécanisme de changement de diapositives en insérant la diode 54 et éventuellement la diode 55 dans le circuit du commutateur 53 de ces commandes.In the embodiment according to FIG. 10, two additional lenses can, however, converge the two light beams, whose rays from the double prism 18 are parallel, on the objectives 3a and 3b; two separate miniature lanterns can also be used, obviously without double prism 18, each provided with a single objective 3 and producing half of the transient illumination of the screen, the windows 28a and 28b of the ribbon 25 being elongated by at least the width, corresponding to the thickness of the partition 19, of a cover on either side of which these windows 28a and 28b open and close. In the case according to FIG. 2, the lamp l can advantageously be switched on just before the removal of the projected slide by an advance control of the contactor 11 and simultaneous with that of the slide changing mechanism by inserting the diode 54 and possibly the diode 55 into the circuit of the switch 53 of these commands.
La présente invention peut évidemment aussi s'appliquer aux projections d'autres vues que des diapositives tant par épiscopîe que par diascopîe. Possibilités d'application industrielle La conception selon la Fig. 1 et les descriptions qui la concernent permet notamment la fabrication d'accessoires pour compléter avantageusement les appareils de projection de diapositives existants.The present invention can obviously also be applied to projections of views other than slides, both by episcopic and diascopic. Industrial application possibilities The design according to FIG. 1 and the descriptions which relate to it in particular allow the manufacture of accessories to advantageously complement existing slide projection apparatus.
La conception selon la Fig. 2 et les descriptions qui la concernent permet notamment de compléter avantageusement et facilement les modèles en fabrication d'appareils de projection de diapositives sans devoir en augmenter ni la puissance de leur transformateur d'alimentation, ni le débit de leur ventilateur et ni leur encombrement. La conception selon la Fig. 10 et plus particulièrement selon, en plus, les Fig. 3 à 5 ainsi que, subsidiairement, selon les Fig. 6 à 8 et selon les descriptions qui les concernent, ce qui constitue alors la meilleure manière de réaliser l'invention, permet la fabrication de nouveaux appareils pour des projections idéales de diapositives. The design according to FIG. 2 and the descriptions which relate to it in particular make it possible to advantageously and easily supplement the models in the manufacture of slide projection apparatuses without having to increase either the power of their power transformer, the flow rate of their fan or their size. The design according to FIG. 10 and more particularly according to, in addition, FIGS. 3 to 5 as well as, alternatively, according to FIGS. 6 to 8 and according to the descriptions which relate to them, which then constitutes the best way of carrying out the invention, allows the manufacture of new apparatuses for ideal projections of slides.

Claims

Revendications Claims
1. Appareillage pour projections de vues inanimées, comprenant au mains un appareil de projection de telles vues sur un écran sans émission de lumière pendant leurs changements, caracterise en ce qu'il comprend au moins un projecteur complémentaire de lumière, laquelle sortant dudit appareillage distinctement d'où sort celle de projection des vues, et un dispositif commandant ledit projecteur pour qu'il éclaire transitoirement l'écran entre les images des vues qui y sont successivement projetées.1. Apparatus for projections of inanimate views, comprising in the hands an apparatus for projecting such views on a screen without emission of light during their changes, characterized in that it comprises at least one complementary light projector, which emerges from said apparatus distinctly whence comes that of projection of the views, and a device controlling said projector so that it temporarily lights up the screen between the images of the views which are successively projected there.
2. Appareillage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit dispositif détecte les variations de luminosité de l'écran.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said device detects variations in the brightness of the screen.
3. Appareillage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit dispositif détecte la présence et l'absence d'une diapositive en position de projection.3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said device detects the presence and absence of a slide in the projection position.
4. Appareillage selon la revendication 1 et dont le flux de projection des vues est varié dégressivement et progressivement, respectivement avant et après lesdits changements, caracterise par le fait que, simultanément, ledit dispositif varie, au moins partiellement réciproquement, le flux de lumière complémentaire.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 and in which the flow of projection of the views is varied gradually and gradually, respectively before and after said changes, characterized in that, simultaneously, said device varies, at least partially reciprocally, the flow of complementary light .
5. Appareillage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que ces variations sont obtenues par des obturations et libérations, se compensant au moins partiellement, des faisceaux de lumière de telle sorte que lesdites images et les éclairements transitoires de l'écran apparaissent et disparaissent par variations au moins partiellement réciproques de leurs surfaces, lesdits éclairements étant adjacents auxdites images.5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that these variations are obtained by obturations and releases, compensating at least partially, beams of light so that said images and transient illuminations of the screen appear and disappear by at least partially reciprocal variations of their surfaces, said illuminations being adjacent to said images.
6. Apparei l lage selon la revidencation 5, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites obturations et lesdites libérations sont doubles et symétriques de telle sorte que les variations de surfaces sont symétriques. 7. Appareillage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites obturations et lesdites libérations sont doublement inclinées de telle sorte que les variations de surface commencent et finissent par le centre commun et les extrémités diagonales desdits éclairements et desdites images. 8. Appareillage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, carac térisé par le fait que ledit projecteur est incorporé audit appareil.6. Apparare l lage according to Revidencation 5, characterized in that said closures and said releases are double and symmetrical so that the surface variations are symmetrical. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said closures and said releases are doubly inclined so that the surface variations begin and end at the common center and the diagonal ends of said illuminations and said images. 8. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, charac terrified by the fact that said projector is incorporated into said device.
91. Appareillage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites vues sont des diapositives. 10. Appareillage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites vues sont des diapositives. 11. Appareillage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que les éclairements transitoires de l'écran sont délimités par la projection du pourtour d'au moins un espace vide de matière entouré d'au moins un élément opaque.91. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said views are slides. 10. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that said views are slides. 11. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the transient illuminations of the screen are delimited by the projection of the periphery of at least one empty space of material surrounded by at least one opaque element.
12. Appareillage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé par le fait que ledit élément est interchangeable, modifiable ou orientable, afin de varier au moins la grandeur, la forme ou l'orientation, desdits éclairements. 12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that said element is interchangeable, modifiable or orientable, in order to vary at least the size, shape or orientation of said illuminations.
PCT/EP1987/000365 1986-07-03 1987-07-01 Apparatus for projections of slides WO1988000360A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH267586 1986-07-03
CH2675/86-2 1986-07-03
CH385686 1986-09-26
CH3856/86-0 1986-09-26
CH1018/87-1 1987-03-18
CH101887 1987-03-18

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WO1988000360A1 true WO1988000360A1 (en) 1988-01-14

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PCT/EP1987/000365 WO1988000360A1 (en) 1986-07-03 1987-07-01 Apparatus for projections of slides

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EP (1) EP0313573A1 (en)
CH (1) CH672686A5 (en)
WO (1) WO1988000360A1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB549645A (en) * 1940-07-25 1942-12-01 Kodak Ltd Improvements in or relating to duplex optical projection apparatus
US3194115A (en) * 1962-07-26 1965-07-13 Realist Dual slide projector with a single magazine
DE2847469A1 (en) * 1978-11-02 1980-05-14 Rollei Werke Franke Heidecke Optical suppression of gaps during microfiche reader operation - uses variable intensity filter to even out screen illumination between microfiches or their parts

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB549645A (en) * 1940-07-25 1942-12-01 Kodak Ltd Improvements in or relating to duplex optical projection apparatus
US3194115A (en) * 1962-07-26 1965-07-13 Realist Dual slide projector with a single magazine
DE2847469A1 (en) * 1978-11-02 1980-05-14 Rollei Werke Franke Heidecke Optical suppression of gaps during microfiche reader operation - uses variable intensity filter to even out screen illumination between microfiches or their parts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0313573A1 (en) 1989-05-03
CH672686A5 (en) 1989-12-15

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