WO1987006791A1 - Procede et appareil permettant la plantation mecanisee notamment de jeunes arbres - Google Patents

Procede et appareil permettant la plantation mecanisee notamment de jeunes arbres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987006791A1
WO1987006791A1 PCT/SE1987/000216 SE8700216W WO8706791A1 WO 1987006791 A1 WO1987006791 A1 WO 1987006791A1 SE 8700216 W SE8700216 W SE 8700216W WO 8706791 A1 WO8706791 A1 WO 8706791A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
applicator
soil
plant
vehicle
tube
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1987/000216
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Olof Herolf
Original Assignee
Ösa Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ösa Ab filed Critical Ösa Ab
Publication of WO1987006791A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987006791A1/fr
Priority to NO875408A priority Critical patent/NO161531C/no
Priority to FI875759A priority patent/FI82874C/fi

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
    • A01C11/025—Transplanting machines using seedling trays; Devices for removing the seedlings from the trays

Definitions

  • This invention relates primarily to a method of mechanised planting, especially of young trees, by means of a vehicle-borne, vertically movable and preferably tubular applicator which is connected to a similarly vehicle-borne plant magazine for supplying plants by the piece to said applicator.
  • the invention also comprises an apparatus for this purpose.
  • Background of the invention For conventional mechanised planting, use is made of cross-country vehicles which heap the soil (mostly till) in strands, and automatically set the plants down into the soil strands at predetermined intervals.
  • Setting is effected by means of lance-like, vertically movable tubes to which the plants are supplied pneumatically or mechanically and which are provided at the lower end with a pointed closure mechanism which is held closed while the pipe is being driven down into the soil strand and not opened until the tube has been driven down, thereby to leave the root system of the plant in the soil strand.
  • this planting technique suffers from a number of practical and technical shortcomings.
  • the automatic planting at predetermined intervals in which the operator usually takes no part, may cause some plants to take root very poorly or not at all, for example if the planting tubes hit upon stones or other hard objects in the heaped soil strand.
  • the planting machines become complicated, expensive and short-lived, without affording the desired efficiency. For example, it frequently happens that the supplied plants get stuck either in the tube system leading to the applicator or in the applicator itself.
  • the present invention aims at obviating the abovementioned shortcomings and opening up possibilities of an efficient planting technique by simple means.
  • the present invention proposes a method which is characterised primarily in that the applicator and a plant supplied thereto are held in position at or above ground level, while a soil cultivating implement, for example a rotary cultivator, is caused to heap soil around the applicator and the plant therein, whereupon the applicator is removed from the soil heap, leaving the root system of the plant within the heap.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified lateral view of a vehicle including the planting apparatus according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the said vehicle
  • Fig. 3 is a simplified perspective view illustrating the planting apparatus according to the invention
  • Figs. 4-8 are enlarged detail views showing different planting phases
  • Fig. 9 is a detail view illustrating a conceivable embodiment of an applicator comprised by the apparatus.
  • a cross-country vehicle generally designated 1 comprises a frame 2 which, in this instance, is supported by two pairs of wheels 3, 3' and 4, 4'.
  • the frame 2 may be of optional type, for example in the form of a simple longitudinally extending, central tube.
  • the frame carries at one end a cab 5 having a front window 6 and a rear window 7.
  • the vehicle when used for planting, is intended to be driven to the left in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the vehicle preferably is of the type described in SE patent application 8600123-7.
  • the vehicle comprises two planting apparatuses generally designated 8.
  • the construction details of the individual planting apparatus are shown in Fig. 3 (see also Figs. 1 and 2).
  • a stationary guide 10 Secured to the free end of an arm 9 projecting from the vehicle frame 2 is a stationary guide 10 in the form of a collar or sleeve adapted to guide a tubular applicator 11 which is essentially vertically oriented and provided at its top with a hopper 12.
  • the applicator tube 11 and/or the hopper 12 are mounted on an attachment 13 which also carries a baffle 14 and which is vertically movable by means of a doubleacting hydraulic cylinder 15 which in the drawings is shown to be attached to a second arm 9' projecting from the vehicle frame (although, for illustration purposes, the hydraulic cylinder is shown to be mounted on a separate arm, it is preferred in actual practice to mount the cylinder on the same arm 9 as the collar
  • the applicator tube 11 and the baffle 14 can be raised and lowered simultaneously and in synchronism by means of the hydraulic cylinder 15.
  • the baffle is curved or arcuate in cross-section and spaced from the centrally mounted applicator tube 11.
  • the cross-section of the baffle may be essentially in the form of part of a circle.
  • Mounted on the outer side of the tube 11 is a ring or collar 16 which is movable up and down the tube and which is adapted to cooperate with a stop 17, for example in the form of a ring mounted at the lower end of the tube 11.
  • a locking member 18 is adapted to hold the ring 16 for a predetermined period of time in an upper end position relative to the applicator tube.
  • the ring may preferably be either conical or tapering, and furthermore it may be made relatively thick. Made of steel, the ring will therefore act in the manner of a drop-hammer which, when released from its upper end position, exerts a compressive effect on a heap of soil underneath the applicator tube.
  • the stop 17 should be made adjustable into different vertical positions relative to the tube 11 to permit the degree of compression to be varied and to adapt the movement of the ring to different plant species.
  • a soil cultivating implement in the form of a rotary cultivator 19 which, in the embodiment illustrated, is mounted at the free end of an arm 20 pivotally mounted on an attachment which is displaceable along the frame tube 2 and can be locked in different positions therealong by means of a locking mechanism 22.
  • the arm 20 is pivoted by means of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 23, one end of which is connected to an angular lug 24 on the pivot arm 20, while the opposite end of the cylinder is connected to an adjustable attachment 25 which also is displaceable along the frame tube 2 (see Fig. 2).
  • the cultivator 19 is rotated by means of a hydraulic motor 26 centrally mounted in the cultivator.
  • the attachments 21 and 25 are adjustable along the frame 2 for varying the position of the cultivator relative to the applicator tube in order to achieve maximum heap formation effect.
  • a preferably hoppershaped device 27 which serves to turn the plants 28 right way round which are supplied one at a time from a plant magazine designated 29, such that the plants will always drop into the applicator tube root foremost.
  • this magazine may conceivably include a guide 30 along which panel-shaped plant holders 31 are intermittently advanced to a discharge position in which a robot 32 squeezes the plants one at a time down into the turning device 27 from where each plant drops vertically down into the hopper 12 to the applicator tube 11. Empty plant holders can be kept in a separate store 33, while larger numbers of loaded plant holders can be kept in a larger store 33'.
  • the front window 6 of the cab 5 presents the operator with a substantially unobstructed view of the area around the applicator tube 11 and the rotary cultivator 19 so that he can conveniently supervise the two planting apparatuses and the underlying ground, the planting apparatuses being mounted within the free space between the wheels 4, 4' and the common central frame 2.
  • the lower part of the applicator tube 11 may be formed with a number of slits 34 which serve to facilitate the release of the plant from the tube when this is rejected.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates how the applicator tube 11 and the baffle 14 connected thereto are lowered into an initial position by means of the hydraulic cylinder 15.
  • the lower edge 35 of the tube 11 is located at a given level above the lower edge 36 of the baffle 14, such that the lower edge of the tube 11 will be automatically located at a given level above the ground when the lower edge of the buffle has come into contact with the ground.
  • the ring or compacting member 16 is retained in its upper end position by means of the locking mechanism 18.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates how a plant 28 drops down through the tube 11 to be located in a position in which the plant root projects slightly beyond the lower tube edge, simultaneously as it rests upon the ground. In the next step which is shown in Fig.
  • the rotary cultivator 19 is started and heaps up soil in the direction toward the tube 11.
  • the soil is caught by the baffle 14 and forms a heap 37 of the type which forest workers call mammoth heap.
  • mammoth heaps are extremely advantageous from the viewpoint of plant biology in so far as they give a better soil temperature, good drainage and oxygen supply, and reduce the risk of freezing and the vegetative competition.
  • the ring 16 is allowed to drop from its upper end position into the lower end position shown in Fig. 7, in which it is stopped by the stop 17.
  • the plant which lies protected within the applicator tube 11 while the heap 37 is built up, will stick in the heap with its root after the applicator tube and the baffle have been raised, as will appear from Fig. 8.
  • the compacting ring 16 makes a depression which serves to collect rain-water after the tree has been planted.
  • the applicator tube 11 and the baffle are raised by means of the cylinder 15 and moved back into initial position, the stop 17 carrying the compacting ring 16 along to a position in which the ring engages the locking mechanism 18 and is retained thereby until the next compacting step.
  • the arm 20 is pivoted to the position shown by dash-dot lines, in which the rotary cultivator 19 can pass over the heap containing the plant.
  • the vehicle is then moved one step forward, for example 1-3 metres, in order to repeat the planting operation described above.
  • the planting method according to the invention brings a number of advantages.
  • the plants will be very gently treated since they are not urged into position by, for example, compressed air, but are allowed to drop freely through the applicator tube.
  • the plants need not be pressed down into the soil, but will be successively embedded therein in a condition unaffected by external pressure.
  • planting can be carried out at locations where regeneration prospects are good, in that the operator, because he has an unobstructed view of the area between the cab and the planting apparatus, can select precisely those ground sections which are free from stones and suitable for planting.
  • the entire machine can be operated by one man only (in prior art machines, one man drives the vehicle proper and another is in charge of the planting apparatus).
  • the planting apparatus according to the invention is extremely cheap in manufacture and maintenance because of its simple construction. Conceivable modifications of the invention
  • the applica- tor tube may be replaced by some other means capable of conveying the plant down to towards the ground and holding it in a protected condition above the ground while soil is being heaped around the plant.
  • the applicator may consist of a gripping means provided with protective plates.
  • the rotary cultivator other types of devices, for example a harrow, bucket or the like for heaping the soil around the plant.
  • the soil cultivating implement need not be mounted on a pivotable arm, but may be mounted on, for example, a rectilinearly and vertically movable arm.
  • the planting apparatus according to the invention can also be mounted, either alone or two or more jointly, on other types of vehicles than the one illustrated in the drawings, for example on a tractor or similar cross-country vehicle.
  • two or more apparatuses are mounted on the vehicle, they can be positioned along a line inclined to the longitudinal extent of the vehicle, such that one apparatus is located ahead of the other, for example at a mutual distance of 0.5-1.0 m.
  • the device for compacting the soil heap may be designed differently tha'n in the accompanying drawings.
  • the compacting ring 16 can be pressed down into the heap by means of, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, instead of being made to drop freely, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
  • the planting apparatus as described above can be designed such that the individual functions are carried out automatically as soon as the operator has chosen a suitable planting location.
  • the planting apparatus in contrast to prior apparatuses, handles the plants in a very gentle manner on their way from the magazine to the applicator, in that the plants on the one hand are alXowed to drop freely substantially vertically from the robot or plant holder and, on the other hand, have a very short way to travel from the plant holder to the applicator.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé et un appareil, servant à la plantation mécanisée de jeunes arbres, comprend un applicateur (11) porté par un véhicule et mobile verticalement par rapport audit véhicule, ledit applicateur étant relié à un magasin (29) distribuant les plants (28) un à un audit applicateur (11). Celui-ci peut être réglé au niveau ou au-dessus du niveau du sol et est conçu pour coopérer avec un cultivateur rotatif (19) également porté par ledit véhicule et servant à former un amas de terre sur le sol et autour dudit applicateur, pendant que l'applicateur et le plant contenu dans ledit applicateur sont maintenus dans ladite position.
PCT/SE1987/000216 1986-05-06 1987-04-27 Procede et appareil permettant la plantation mecanisee notamment de jeunes arbres WO1987006791A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO875408A NO161531C (no) 1986-05-06 1987-12-23 Fremgangsmaate og apparat for mekanisert planting, saerlig av treplanter.
FI875759A FI82874C (fi) 1986-05-06 1987-12-30 Foerfarande och anordning foer maskinell plantering, i synnerhet plantering av unga traed.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8602071-6 1986-05-06
SE8602071A SE453147B (sv) 1986-05-06 1986-05-06 Forfarande och aggregat for mekaniserad settning av plantor, i synnerhet tredplantor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1987006791A1 true WO1987006791A1 (fr) 1987-11-19

Family

ID=20364439

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1987/000216 WO1987006791A1 (fr) 1986-05-06 1987-04-27 Procede et appareil permettant la plantation mecanisee notamment de jeunes arbres

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7392587A (fr)
FI (1) FI82874C (fr)
SE (1) SE453147B (fr)
WO (1) WO1987006791A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4893571A (en) * 1987-11-02 1990-01-16 Lannen Tehtaat Oy Method and device for planting balled seedlings
EP0353800A2 (fr) * 1988-07-07 1990-02-07 Adrianus Franciscus Maria Flaton Méthode et appareil pour manipuler les plantes
EP0433075A1 (fr) * 1989-12-13 1991-06-19 Btg International Limited Planteuse
FR2659188A1 (fr) * 1990-03-06 1991-09-13 Dameron Guy Machine pour la plantation de plants en mottes.
EP0457906A1 (fr) * 1988-12-29 1991-11-27 Shadan Hojin Naganoken Nokyo Chiiki Kaihatsu Kiko Machine de mise en terre
US5121701A (en) * 1989-12-13 1992-06-16 National Research Development Corporation Transplating apparatus
US5431116A (en) * 1993-10-26 1995-07-11 New Century Technology Corporation Pneumatic transplanter
WO1996004775A1 (fr) * 1994-08-08 1996-02-22 Bo Evert Olofsson Procede et installation d'alimentation en plants
EP1472924A1 (fr) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-03 N.V. Agriplant S.A. Procédé et appareil pour transporter des plateaux à semis dans une planteuse
CN1324937C (zh) * 2005-09-30 2007-07-11 浙江理工大学 有序抛秧导苗装置
WO2012121653A1 (fr) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Björkemar Construction & Consulting Bcc Ab Procédé de manipulation des plantes dans une repiqueuse, repiqueuse et unité de repiquage
US10299428B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2019-05-28 Risutec Oy Planting seedlings

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111296010A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-06-19 安徽同创现代农业投资发展有限公司 一种石斛的室内种植设备及其种植方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE421101B (sv) * 1976-04-02 1981-11-30 Forest Innovation Ab Metod och anordning for maskinell utsettning av skogsodlingsmaterial
SE423019B (sv) * 1977-08-22 1982-04-13 Erik Olof Panth Anordning for att maskinellt plantera skogsplantor
SE425624B (sv) * 1978-05-30 1982-10-25 Erik Olof Panth Anordning for att maskinellt plantera skogsplantor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE421101B (sv) * 1976-04-02 1981-11-30 Forest Innovation Ab Metod och anordning for maskinell utsettning av skogsodlingsmaterial
SE423019B (sv) * 1977-08-22 1982-04-13 Erik Olof Panth Anordning for att maskinellt plantera skogsplantor
SE425624B (sv) * 1978-05-30 1982-10-25 Erik Olof Panth Anordning for att maskinellt plantera skogsplantor

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. 84-170089 /27; & SU,A,1050596. *
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. J7378 B/41; & SU,A,641903. *
Forskningsstiftelsen Skogsarbeten, resultat Nr. 1, 1985, Spanga (ADELSKOELD, MYHRMAN). *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4893571A (en) * 1987-11-02 1990-01-16 Lannen Tehtaat Oy Method and device for planting balled seedlings
EP0353800A2 (fr) * 1988-07-07 1990-02-07 Adrianus Franciscus Maria Flaton Méthode et appareil pour manipuler les plantes
EP0353800A3 (fr) * 1988-07-07 1990-05-23 Adrianus Franciscus Maria Flaton Méthode et appareil pour manipuler les plantes
EP0457906A4 (en) * 1988-12-29 1992-04-29 Shadan Hojin Naganoken Nokyo Chiiki Kaihatsu Kiko Setting machine
US5209170A (en) * 1988-12-29 1993-05-11 Shadan Hojin Naganoken Nokyo Chiiki Kaihatsu Kiko Setting machine
EP0457906A1 (fr) * 1988-12-29 1991-11-27 Shadan Hojin Naganoken Nokyo Chiiki Kaihatsu Kiko Machine de mise en terre
EP0433075A1 (fr) * 1989-12-13 1991-06-19 Btg International Limited Planteuse
US5121701A (en) * 1989-12-13 1992-06-16 National Research Development Corporation Transplating apparatus
FR2659188A1 (fr) * 1990-03-06 1991-09-13 Dameron Guy Machine pour la plantation de plants en mottes.
US5431116A (en) * 1993-10-26 1995-07-11 New Century Technology Corporation Pneumatic transplanter
WO1996004775A1 (fr) * 1994-08-08 1996-02-22 Bo Evert Olofsson Procede et installation d'alimentation en plants
EP1472924A1 (fr) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-03 N.V. Agriplant S.A. Procédé et appareil pour transporter des plateaux à semis dans une planteuse
CN1324937C (zh) * 2005-09-30 2007-07-11 浙江理工大学 有序抛秧导苗装置
WO2012121653A1 (fr) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Björkemar Construction & Consulting Bcc Ab Procédé de manipulation des plantes dans une repiqueuse, repiqueuse et unité de repiquage
US10299428B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2019-05-28 Risutec Oy Planting seedlings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI875759A0 (fi) 1987-12-30
SE8602071D0 (sv) 1986-05-06
SE453147B (sv) 1988-01-18
SE8602071L (sv) 1987-11-07
AU7392587A (en) 1987-12-01
FI82874B (fi) 1991-01-31
FI82874C (fi) 1991-05-10
FI875759A (fi) 1987-12-30

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