WO1987003360A1

WO1987003360A1 - Blasting method and blasting bag

Info

Publication number: WO1987003360A1
Application number: PCT/JP1986/000595
Authority: WO
Inventors: Satoshi Hukai; Shuji Mizuguchi; Denbei Honda
Original assignee: Hokushin Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date: 1985-11-22
Filing date: 1986-11-20
Publication date: 1987-06-04
Also published as: CN86108595A; AU6731787A

Abstract

A blasting method which comprises forming a hole in an object to be blasted, inserting an explosive into the hole, filling the hole with a fluid and igniting the explosive in this state. Since the fluid propagates efficiently the blasting force of the explosive, the blasting force covers the whole area of the hole filled with the liquid so that blasting can be accomplished uniformly with a high blasting force. A blasting bag is made of a flexible material and is provided with an inlet for introducing the fluid into the bag. The hole can be filled with the liquid easily and reliably by using this blasting bag.

Description

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blasting method and a blasting bag, and aims at improving work efficiency and blasting efficiency. Dagger

冃 In the tunnel construction of scenic technology, etc., holes are formed in the blasted body such as rock, and explosives such as explosives are introduced here. It uses a method of closing and explosives to explode and crush.

Fig. 6 is an illustration of this conventional method, where X is

Y is vacancy, Z is explosive, 50 is clay.

However, in the case of such a conventional method, the explosive power of the explosive Z spreads only to the range indicated by the broken line, and there was a problem that the blast around the clay material 50 without the explosive was incompletely blasted.

In addition, the pore Y is usually about 42 dragons in diameter and 1 to 2 m in length, and the length of the clay material 50 is considerably long. There was a defect that required time to work. Further, it is difficult to completely close the hole Y by the clay material 50, and thus the explosive force is reduced. I got it.

In addition, there were problems such as dust and exhaust gas generated by the blast, which worsened the working environment. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional blasting method. The blasting method is relatively simple in operation, and the explosive force of the explosive extends over the entire hole. An object of the present invention is to provide a blasting bag used in the practice. That is, in the method of the present invention, an explosive is introduced into a hole formed in an object to be blasted, and the whole or a part of the hole is provided. It is designed to be filled with a fluid.

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of the method of the present invention, in which an explosive Z is introduced into a hole Y and is filled with a fluid F such as water. The hole Y is closed by the bag 1. The bag。 is similarly filled with the fluid F. Instead of the bag 1, it may be closed by another closing body. Alternatively, the entire body of the hole Y may be filled with the fluid F using only the bag body 1. That is, the fluid F can be filled in various modes, and may be filled in the whole hole Y or may be partially filled. However, the surroundings of the explosive Z must be filled with the fluid: P so that no gap is formed between the explosive Z and the hole Y.

Fluid: Water is the most common P, but any other Such a fluid can be used satisfactorily, and it is possible to improve the effect of suppressing dust and exhaust gas by mixing additives and the like. In FIG. 1, the explosive Z is inserted at the innermost end of the hole Y. However, in the present invention, which is filled with the fluid F, since the power for transmitting the explosive force increases, the center of the hole Y is exploded. It is also possible to enter at any position, such as near a part or entrance.

When the explosive Z is exploded by the above method, the explosive force propagates well in the fluid F, spreads over the entire hole Y, and can uniformly crush the entire vicinity of the hole Y as shown by the dotted line. You. Further, since the impact wave is transmitted to the S-wall, the crushing effect is large, and the generation of dust gas is suppressed.

Further, the filling of the fluid is easier than the case of filling with a clay material or the like, and the effect is particularly large when the diameter of the hole Y is small and the length is long. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a conceptual explanatory view of a blasting method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of one embodiment thereof, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a blasting bag according to the present invention. since even an example, a is a sectional front view, B is a plan view, Figure 4 a description diagram of a state in which injection of fluid into the bag body, front cross-sectional view Fig. 5 showing another embodiment, the ^sixth Figure is a schematic view for illustrating a conventional method, FIG. ⁷ is Seidan view showing still another embodiment, FIG. 8 is a front sectional view showing still another embodiment, the ⁹ The drawing is a plan view showing still another embodiment, FIG. 10 is a side sectional view thereof, and FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged sectional view thereof. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Fig. 2A, a hole Y is formed in the crushed body X, the explosive Z is introduced, and then the bag 1 is introduced. The bag 1 is made of a flexible and water-tight material such as vinyl, and when a fluid is injected into the portion, the bag 1 is shaped like the hole Y and adheres to the inner wall of the hole Y and is closed. To do so. The configuration of the bag 1 will be described later.

When the bag 1 is inserted, the bag 1 is placed on the gutter-shaped auxiliary tool 7 having a semicircular cross section and the auxiliary tool 7 is inserted into the hole.

Then, the fluid F is injected into the bag から from the injector 8 (FIG. 2B). The auxiliary tool 7 is withdrawn before this injection operation or withdrawn while injecting. As the fluid F, various fluids such as a slurry and the like can be used as described above, but in this embodiment, water is used.

When injecting water, the water source of the drilling machine is generally used. However, since the water pressure is too high, the pressure is reduced by using an appropriate pressure reducer. Also, the required filling water pressure differs depending on the vertical position of the hole, so the water pressure It is good to have the ability to prepare several types of pressure machines or the function of adjusting the water pressure.

The injector 8 has a branch pipe 80 at its tip, and is configured to inject a fluid not only into the bag 1 but also into the hole Y. Since the bag 1 has a shape following the shape of the hole Y, the hole Y is closed when the fluid F is injected. At the same time, the fluid F is also filled around the explosive Z in the hole Y, and the fluid F is filled over the entire hole Y (Fig. 2C). When the injection operation is completed, withdraw injector 8. Since the bag 1 has elasticity, the bag 1 can be easily pulled out. Fig. 2D shows the state after pulling. The fuse of explosive Z was led out of the hole from between bag 1 and hole Y.

<o

If the explosive Z is exploded in the above condition, this explosive power is fluid! Propagating through the inside of ¹ , it is possible to obtain a large crushing force over the entire hole Y. In addition, no unblasted portion remains near the hole entrance as in the past.

Various modes are possible as a fluid bag for carrying out the above-described blasting method. However, the present inventors have developed a blasting fluid bag which has good workability and has a high pore blocking property. developed. This structure is shown in FIGS. ³ and ⁴ .

1 is a bag made of a flexible material, and has a hole Y shape so as to close the hole Y when filled with a fluid. The shape is arrogant, usually cylindrical. As the material, in this embodiment, polyethylene is used, but any material having flexibility and water tightness may be used.

A fluid injection port 10 is formed on one side near the tip side 1a (the back side of the hole Y) of the bag body. In this embodiment, a bag body is formed by bending an elongated bag material and welding both sides. At this time, one end 10a of the bag body is folded back and overlapped with the other end 10b. In addition, as shown in Fig. 3B, the inlet〗 0 is formed by welding J in a funnel shape. Either of the inlets 10a and 10b forming the inlet 10 can be welded directly to the bag 1 body to form an inlet having a triple structure. .

Such a bag〗 is inserted into the hole Y with the aid 7, and the tip of the injector 8 is inserted from the inlet 10 into the bag〗. Then, pull out the auxiliary tool 7. At this time, since the bag body] is pressed by the injector 8, the auxiliary tool 7 can be easily and smoothly pulled out. Then, the fluid F is injected into the bag 1 from the injector 8. Fig. 4 shows a state in which the fluid F has been injected and the bag 1 has been closed. After the injection, if the liquid exits the injector 8, the inlet 10 closes by the internal pressure and closes naturally, so that the internal fluid # ¹ does not leak. To achieve a more complete seal of this inlet 10, fluid! ¹ In addition, it is desirable to inject a little gas to make the wrapped bag elastic.

It is desirable to apply an antistatic agent to this bag body I to prevent accidents due to ignition of static electricity. The antistatic agent may be mixed in the material of the bag 1 in advance.

Various other forms of the bag 1 are possible.For example, the front and rear ends are pointed to increase the strength, and the material on the lower side of the bag is thickened. Alternatively, a 緣 portion may be formed on the entire circumference. It is also possible to cover with a protective net or protective film or protective plate.

Also, the structure of the injection port 10 may be various, and the injection port 10 may be extended to the outside to facilitate the injection of the fluid. Alternatively, a tube or the like may be attached to the bag body, and this may be extended for a long time to serve as an injection port, which may be folded to be closed.

Next, FIG. 5 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, an inlet 10 having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 3 is provided at the rear end 1b of the bag, and instead, a pocket 1 for insertion is provided at the front end〗 a. 1, a loading pipe or the like is inserted into this pocket 11 and inserted into the hole Y.

An explosive pocket 12 for inserting explosive Z is further provided on the lower side. Explosive Z is placed here, and bag 1 and explosive It is configured so that medicine Z can be introduced in one operation ο

In the embodiment of FIG. 7, only the pocket 2 and the inlet 10 are provided in the bag body I. Then, the bucket i2 is used upward so as to serve also as an introduction pocket. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the explosive pocket 12 is provided at the rear end of the bag 1, but is not limited to this. This is a fluid that fills the bag! ^The reason for this is that the explosive force is efficiently transmitted, and the destructive force does not greatly differ depending on the position of the explosive as in the prior art.

In the bag provided with the explosive pocket 2 described above, the explosive Z is inserted into the pocket 12 in advance, and the bag 1 and the explosive Z are charged into the hole Y together. Fluid inside! By merely filling ¹ , the surroundings of the explosive Z can be filled with the fluid F. This has the advantage of extremely high work efficiency O

The embodiment shown in Fig. 8 does not have an explosive pocket, but has only the inlet 10 and the explosive z is placed on the bag 1 and then the bag 1 is filled with the fluid F for use. This is the configuration of In this case, there is an advantage that the configuration of the bag 1 is simple and cost can be reduced.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 will be described. O

The rear end〗 a of this bag 1 has a pointed shape, facilitating charging into the holes. A nozzle 2 is attached to the tip of bag 1 instead of injection port 10. The diameter, length, material, and the like of the nozzle 2 may be appropriately selected according to the size and length of the hole, the length of the bag body, and the like. By changing the length of the nozzle 2, it is possible to easily cope with holes of various lengths without changing the length of the bag 1.

The nozzle 2 may be a pipe or the like, but in this embodiment, a material having the same flexibility as that of the bag body 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape and used. Then, the tip of the nozzle 2 penetrates into the bag 1 as shown in FIG. 10 to form a valve 20. Fig. 11 shows the structure of this valve 20 in detail. That is, the nozzle 2 is welded at the welded portion h at the end of the bag 1, and the leading end becomes a free end to form the valve 20. In this embodiment form a Roh nozzle 2 La Mi Natick preparative material ^double structure, and facilitate the welding of the bag body 1 and Bruno nozzle 2. That is, the inner skin a of the nozzle 2 is made of a material that does not weld to each other, and the outer peripheral sides of the bags 1 and 1 and the bags 1 and the nozzle 2 are welded by a single welding operation. The rear end is closed and the nozzle 2 and valve 20 can be mounted. A vinyl tube 21 is fitted to the rear end of the nozzle 2 to facilitate fluid injection work. It is also possible to make the rear end of the nozzle wide to facilitate the injection work.

On the outside of the bag 1, a protector 3 is covered in this embodiment. The protector 3 is for preventing the bag body 1 from being damaged by the inner wall of the hole or the like, and various materials and forms are possible. For example, it may be a net or the like, but in this embodiment, a bag made of a synthetic resin of a strong nylon type is used, and the bag 1 is fitted therein. The rear end of the protector 3 is formed with a pocket 30 that opens to the front end. This pocket 30 is for storing explosives, but when the bag 1 is inserted into the hole, a loading pipe or the like is inserted into this pocket 30 and the bag 1 is inserted. It is also used to easily enter the holes. When the protector 3 is not mounted, the pocket 30 may be provided on the bag body〗.

In this embodiment, the water-soluble paper 4 is previously charged from the valve 20 of the nozzle 2 to the tip of the bag 1. This water-soluble paper is commercially available under a trade name such as solvent paper, and has a function of dissolving in water and gelling water. Due to the gelation of this fluid, the outflow of fluid can be suppressed even if the bag ゲル has a small hole. Replace the water-soluble paper 4 with the bag 1 Various applications are possible, such as using a gel-like fluid as the infusion fluid, or putting a gel-like agent in the bag 1 or applying it to the inner membrane.

It is not always necessary to provide the nozzle 20 with the valve 20, and the water may be stopped by arbitrarily binding or bending the nozzle 2. When a clip or a rigid body such as a tube is used as the nozzle 2, a mechanical valve may be used. The fluid to be injected into the bag 1 is not particularly limited, but is generally water or slurry. In addition, it is possible to use various types of fluids such as mixing a surface boundary agent into a fluid such as water to suppress dust, or mixing an anti-inflammatory agent such as salt with the fluid. In the bag for blasting with the structure shown in Fig. 9 to Fig. 10, if the bag 1 is prepared in several diameters and lengths, the length of the nozzle 2 can be changed appropriately. This makes it easy to deal with short holes to very long holes. Therefore, production efficiency can be improved. In addition, the protector 3 prevents damage to the bag 1 during charging, and even if there are some holes, the leakage of fluid is suppressed by gelation with the water-soluble paper 4. . Furthermore, in manufacturing, the welding of the bag 1 and the nozzle 2 and the welding of the rear end of the bag 1 only need to be performed once and can be efficiently made. As described above, according to the blasting method of the present invention, uniform blasting with a large crushing force can be realized by propagation of the explosive force by the fluid. As a result, blasting can be performed efficiently, and the amount of explosive used can be reduced. In addition, the generation of powder exhaust gas is suppressed by the fluid, which has the effect of improving the working environment. Further, by using the blasting bag of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, it is possible to increase the obstructiveness of the holes, and to simplify and facilitate the operation of inserting explosives into the holes. There is. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The blasting method and the blasting bag of the present invention can be used for tunneling work, various civil engineering works, etc., by opening holes in the blasting object and introducing explosives here to blast. Π applicable to the field

Claims

The scope of the claims

/. A blasting method characterized by providing a hole in a blasted body, introducing an explosive there, filling the hole with a fluid, and igniting the explosive in this state.

'The blasting method according to claim 1, wherein at least a space between the explosive and the hole is filled with a fluid.

^ It has a bag made of a flexible material inserted into the explosive charging hole formed in the blasted body, and an inlet provided at an appropriate position of the bag for injecting fluid into the inside. Blasting, wherein the bag is filled with a fluid in the hole and the hole is filled with the fluid through the bag.

¾ ο

A bag made of a flexible material to be inserted into the explosive charging hole formed in the blasted body, an injection port provided at an appropriate position of the bag to inject a fluid into the bag, and a bag A blasting bag having an explosive charging pocket provided on the outside of the body.

The blasting bag according to claim 3, wherein the injection port is a fluid injection nozzle extending from the bag body by an arbitrary length.

5. The blasting bag according to claim ^3, wherein the bag is subjected to an antistatic treatment.

7. The blasting bag according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a gelling agent for gelling an injection fluid is preliminarily charged inside the bag.

4. The blasting bag according to claim 3, wherein a protector is mounted on an outer side of the bag.

? The blasting bag according to claim 8, wherein the protector is provided with an explosive introduction pocket.

/ 0. The claim having a pointed rear bag.

A blasting bag according to paragraph 3 or 4.