Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
  • E04B7/022—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
  • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2472—Elongated load-supporting part formed from a number of parallel profiles
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B2001/2484—Details of floor panels or slabs
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B2001/249—Structures with a sloping roof
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
  • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
  • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
  • E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a building element consisting of at least two continuous outer elements extending at a certain distance from one another and along the longitudinal edges of the element and a number of supporting elements affixed at a certain distance from one another, so arranged as to connect the outer elements securely to one another and extending between the outer elements in the transverse direction of the latter.
• Those beams which between them support other beams in a building are known as primary beams, and the beams supported by these beams, which preferably support a framing of joists, are known as secondary beams.
• Various solutions have been disclosed for the purpose of connecting together the directly load-supporting secondary beams to the primary beams.
• One method is to lay the secondary beams on the primary beams, in this way achieving a continuous secondary beam system.
• the disadvantage of this design is that those primary beams which are not flush with the wall or which do not lie in the line of the facade are visible inside the room.
• Another method is to provide the primary beams with beam shoes in which the secondary beams rest. The advantage of this is that no visible primary beams will result if the same structural height is specified for both types of beam.
• the joist framing is utilized in particular for the water supply system, the sewerage system and the air conditioning system, which now occupy an increasingly large space inside a building.
• the systems are concealed in this way, at the same time as they are easily accessible for inspection, repair and, if necessary, replacement.
• Lattice girders with diagonal bracing for the ribs of the girder are frequently used as supports for the joist framing.
• the use of these lattice girders poses problems in connection with the routing of installations such as drums and pipes because the diagonal bracing reduces the opening through which the installations are passed.
• a previously disclosed type of beam known as the quadr lateral beam, * is characterized in that the beam lacks diagonals.
• the components which make up the beam consist of horizontal flanges made of steel and vertical bracing made of the same material which lie within the outer ribs of the flanges. Beams of this kind have been found to offer advantages and have gained widespread applications.
• the suspension arrangement for the secondary beams is in the form of separate units which are affixed to the primary beams in the manner outlined above. They are so dimensioned as to withstand the load of the secondary beam, mainly the bearing pressure.
• a longitudinal wooden or steel profile is attached to the lower flange of the primary beam and in. this way absorbs the bearing pressure.
• a unit is attached which has the single function of dealing with the load from the individual secondary beam. The units in this case do not interact statically with the primary beam.
• the supporting element holds together the outer elements and constitutes shoes so arranged as to engage around and to support the end of a second building element in a building frame, in particular a secondary beam set at right angles to the building element, whilst the building element constitutes the primary beam in the building frame.
• Achieved through the present invention is a light and strong building element in the form of a beam, intended in particular as a primary beam, which exhibits essentially vertical lattice components and in which the connections between the primary and secondary beams constitute statically interacting units.
• Fig. 1 shows a side view of a building element
• Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section along the Cine II-II in Fig..1 of the aforementioned building element
• Fig. 3 shows a section along the line II -III in Fig. 2 of an arrangement of the building element
• Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the building element
• Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the building element
• Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the building element.
• Fig. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the building element.
• Fig. 8 shows a partially exposed view of a system of roof tie beams exhibiting three of the embodiments of the building elements
• Fig. 1 shows a side view of a building element
• Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section along the Cine II-II in Fig..1 of the aforementioned building element
• Fig. 3 shows a section along the line II -III in Fig. 2 of an arrangement of the building element
• Fig. 4 shows a second
• FIG. 9 shows a partially exposed view of a second type of roof tie beam system containing elevated ribbon windows
• Fig. 10 shows an exposed perspective view of a building element incorporated in the roof tie beam system shown in Fig. 9
• Fig. 11 shows a perspective view of the building frame for a pre-fabricated building during erection
• Fig. 12 shows a corresponding perspective view in which the building frame is supplemented with secondary beams and elevated ribbon windows
• Fig. 13 shows a perspective view of a second type of building frame for a pre-fabricated building during erection and fitted with supplementary installations
• Fig. 14 shows an exposed side view of a building element with an arrangement for regulating the pitch of the roof.
• a building element 1 in the form of a beam exhibits two parallel, continuous and opposing rails 2, 3, for instance in the form of U-profiles, with their open parts appropriately facing towards one another and exhibiting outer ribs 4.
• the rails are situated at a certain distance from one another and are attached to upright supporting elements installed essentially at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the rails and attached outside the outer ribs of the rails, which supporting elements are
• the beam shoes are securely attached, for example by welding, to either side of the rails on the outside of their outer ribs 4 and directly in line with one another.
• the latter feature is not essential to the function, and the positions of the beam shoes on one side of the rail may be displaced relative to the positions of the beam shoes on the other side.
• the beam shoes incorporate a wall 6, which is in contact at at least two points with the ribs 4 of the rails 2, 3, from which wall a lower supporting surface 7 and two lateral surfaces 8, 9 extend, which together form a sleeve which is open towards the top and along one side which faces away from the building element.
• the aforementioned lateral surfaces are provided with an appropriate number of holes 10,
• the beam shoes of. the building element can exhibit different forms, depending on the point at which the building element is designed to be installed in the building.
• Shown in Fig. 3 is a section through the building element 1 with the beam shoes 5 to either side of the rails 2, 3, which beam shoes extend perpendicularly outwards from the rails.
• a second variant of the beam shoes on the building element is shown in Fig. 4 as a section through a second building element 15, in which case the beam shoe affixed to one side of the rails extends outwards and downwards, and the beam shoe affixed to the other side of the rails extends outwards and upwards.
• a third variant of. the beam shoes is shown in Fig.
• a fourth variant of the beam shoes is a section through a fourth building element 17, in which case the rails only exhibit beam shoes on their one sides, and exhibit on their other sides diagonal stays 24 affixed on the outside or on the inside of the outer ribs 4 of the rails 2, 3.
• the diagonal stays may consist of pre-te.nsioned cables.
• a further variant of the beam shoes is shown in Fig. 7 as a section through a fifth building element 18 of identical construction to the fourth building element 17, but in which the beam shoes extend outwards and upwards. As shown in Figs.
• the ends of the building elements are provided with end pieces 11, which are appropriately securely affixed between the rails 2, 3 and between and inside the outer ribs 4.
• the end pieces are also preferably provided with clearance holes 26.
• the primary frame of the building contains a number of the building elements 1, 15-18 affixed to uprights 13 standing on base plates 12 preferably by means of removable fixing elements such as screws introduced through the holes 26 in the end pieces 11 and secured to the uprights.
• secondary beams 14 which are utilized as floor joists , are removably affixed to the beam shoes and, resting on the supporting surface 7, are secured by means of fixing elements, not illustrated in the drawings, such as screws introduced through the hole 10 on the side walls 8, 9 of the beam shoes 5.
• the primary frame also contains peripheral beams 27 which extend between the uprights 13 and are attached directly to same, preferably on a uniform height with the floor joists 14. Also illustrated in Figs.
• the roof beams can also be supported by uprights 20, each in the form of a forked yoke, which consist essentially of two continuous plates 21, 22 and a supporting plate 28 joining the plates together, in which case the plates 21, 22 are affixed to either side of the side walls 8, 9 of the beam shoes, which si.de walls extend outwards from the building element in the longitudinal direction of the beam shoes and thus constitute a prolongation of the beam shoes. It is possible to make the uprights telescopic so that their length can be regulated in order to permit a further increase in their area of application.
• FIG. 14 A second variant of the use of the uprights is shown in Fig. 14.
• the uprights in this case are given different lengths and support the roof beams 19, which in turn support a roof covering designated by 23.
• the desired pitch of the roof is achieved in this way .by very simple means.
• piping 25 is routed through and ' is supported by the building elements according to a specific pattern and according to specific wishes.
• the building elements 1, 15-18 are particularly advantageous in pre-fabricated constructions which must be capable of being erected quickly, and also in those constructions which must be capable of being dismantled and re-erected in the same or in an entirely new combination.
• the building elements are thus constructed from components which have been , standardized to .the greatest possible extent and have been dimensioned in accordance with given load assumptions, in which case the building elements are preferably pre-fabricated in the factory.
• the uprights 13 When erecting a building utilizing the aforementioned types of building elements, the uprights 13 are first raised and are attached to the base plates 12 in an upright position, with pre-determined distances between them, and with the outer upright forming the outer boundary line of the building.
• the building elements are then installed between the uprights and are attached to same by introducing the removable screws through the holes 26 in the end pieces and securing them to the uprights.
• the type of building elements 17 and 18 shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is installed for this purpose between the uprights, which form the outer boundary line of the building on at least two sides of the building, as shown in Figs. 11-13.
• the building elements 18 are installed for this purpose preferably to the upper ends of the uprights.
• the primary frame is supplemented on the remaining sides by the non load-bearing peripheral beams 27, which are attached directly to the uprights -13 so that the peripheral beams connect together those sides of the primary frame to which the building elements 17 and 18 are attached, in which case the frame is stayed.
• the peripheral beams also serve the purpose of bearing the dead weight of the outer wall. The external cladding of the building is subsequently attached to this frame.
• peripheral beams 17, 18 are provided with both beam shoes and diagonal stays 24, these are intended to '• withstand lateral forces in the beam and to counteract the displacement of the two horizontal rails 2, 3 in relation to one another.
• Load-bearing beams shall be understood to denote those beams which support the load of the joist framing and, where an outer wall is present, the weight of the latter.
• Non load-bearing beams shall be understood to denote those beams which only support the dead weight of the curtain walls and any laterally-acting so l pressure.
• the type of building element 1 shown in fig. 3 is then installed inside the building between the uprights and parallel with and at a distance from the peripherally installed building elements 17 and/or 18.
• This type of building element is used in particular as so-called load-bearing central girders, which replace a middle partition of baywork in a building of conventional construction and are used to support the floor joists 14 on which a floor panel, for example, can be laid, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, but can also be used to support the roof beams 19.
• the third type of the building element, which is described in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, is attached preferably to the upper ends of the uprights 13 in order to support the roof beams 19 in the beam shoes 5.
• the uprights 20 can be affixed to all the building elements 15-18, which uprights in this case project upwards from the building elements.
• the uprights can be utilized to support the roof beams 19 so as to form, for example, a saddle on the roof ridge, or so as to form an elevated ribbon window, as shown in Fig. 12.
• the building frame formed in the aforementioned manner is now provided with the floor joists 14, the lengths of which are adapted to suit the distance between the building elements.
• the beams are installed in the beam shoes preferably from above and are lowered between the supporting surfaces 8, 9 in order to seat against the lower .supporting surface 7 in the respective beam shoes.
• the width of the beam shoe that is to say the distance between the supporting surfaces, is adapted for this purpose to suit tHe thickness of the beam.
• the position of the beam is determined by means of fixing elements, such as screws, which are introduced through the holes 10 and into the beam 14.
• the roof beams 19 are introduced into the beam shoes in the same way and are secured to these by means of fixing elements.
• the floor joists and the roof beams can be executed in this case as lightweight beams of a previously disclosed kind or as solid wooden beams, although concrete beams and steel beams can also be used.
• the beams are appropriately executed in the manner indicated in Fig. 13 as lattice girders, which permits the pipework 25 to be routed in any preferred direction and without the need for special measures.
• the frame can be provided with external walls, floors, internal walls and a roof of conventional type.
• the advantages of this building element compared with the previously disclosed quadrilateral beam are that the verticals, that is to say the beam shoes, have been given an additional function by supporting the beams 14 and 19.
• the building elements in this case have a double function in that not only do they support the forces which act upon the beams 14 and 19, but they also constitute a complete system of support and attachment for the beams.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
• Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20360941

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (3)

• 1985
  • 1985-07-22 SE SE8503544A patent/SE447744B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1986
  • 1986-06-23 EP EP19860904432 patent/EP0267191A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1986-06-23 WO PCT/SE1986/000302 patent/WO1987000570A1/en unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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