WO1986007656A1 - Gjota generators and electromotors - Google Patents
Gjota generators and electromotors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1986007656A1 WO1986007656A1 PCT/CH1986/000089 CH8600089W WO8607656A1 WO 1986007656 A1 WO1986007656 A1 WO 1986007656A1 CH 8600089 W CH8600089 W CH 8600089W WO 8607656 A1 WO8607656 A1 WO 8607656A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- generators
- gjota
- electric motors
- given
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
Definitions
- This invention belongs to the field of three-phase three-phase generators and electric motors.
- the electric motors are usually provided with a star or delta connection of the stator winding in order to. thereby reduce the starting currents (from approx. 3-8 INomi.nal n ).
- the object of this invention is to find a solution which eliminates the disadvantages which today's electric motors entail.
- the aim of the invention is to achieve better characteristics, e.g. the increase in the resulting rotating magnetic field by 100? reducing starting currents; Elimination of the star and triangular circuits; Increase of the tightening torque; Reduction of slip and losses; Increasing the efficiency and cos and extending the life of the electric motor. The same applies to the improvement of the characteristics of the generator.
- FIG. 1 To increase the resultant of the rotating magnetic field
- Figures 1 - 11 This theory is presented in a separate and new spatial / temporal view, provided that the events on the linear part of the magnetization curve are viewed.
- Figure 4 shows the spatial and temporal order of the phase contributions of the formation of the resulting rotating magnetic field.
- the interval increment is H / 6.
- FIG. 5 A careful examination of FIG. 5 reveals that the cyclical contribution of the individual phases to the interval formation of the rotating magnetic field is missing in every second 60 ° step. In other words, the contribution of the individual phases when crossing the zero line in the range of ⁇ " ⁇ / 6 is not effective.
- Figures 7, 8 and 9 indicate the cases when phases R, S and T are missing. In these cases, the newly created, rotating magnetic field takes on the shape of the ellipse. It can be seen from this that the start of a three-phase asynchronous electric motor is impossible in the absence of a phase.
- Figure 22 shows the vectorial components of the individual phases.
- a special winding scheme of the stator given in Figure 23, is derived.
- the slip of the new electric motor is much less than that of today's. Its losses are much lower, the efficiency and cos also significantly improved.
- the design of the new generator or electric motor permits - compared to today's electrical systems - more economical production.
- the characteristics of the new electrical systems, under the same conditions, have been significantly improved. Maintenance is reduced to a minimum. From this it can be seen that in the future a large saving of electrical energy will be possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The object is to find a solution to eliminate the defects of present generators and electromotors. The aim of the invention is to obtain better characteristics such as for example an increase of about 100% of the rotating magnetic field, the reduction of starting currents, the suppression of star- and triangle-circuit, the increase of the starting torque, the reduction of slip and losses, the improvement of the output and of cos phi as well as the extension of life duration of electrical installations. The implementation of the invention is obtained by the simultaneous utilization of a star- and triangle-circuit.
Description
G.jota Generatoren und ElektromotorenG.jota generators and electric motors
Diese Erfindung gehört dem Gebiet der Dreiphasendrehstrom- Generatoreπ und Elektromotoren an.This invention belongs to the field of three-phase three-phase generators and electric motors.
Bei allen heutigen Generatoren und Elektromotoren ist dieThis is the case with all today's generators and electric motors
Grosse der Resultante des rotierenden Motorfeldes durchSize of the resultant of the rotating motor field
Brot, - 3/2 . Bm gaegaeben,Bread, - 3/2. Bm g a eg a even,
Ueblicherweise werden die Elektromotoren mit einer Stern¬ oder Dreieckschaltung der Stäπderwicklung versehen, um. da¬ durch die Anlasströme (von ca. 3-8 I. N.omi.naln) herabzusetzen.The electric motors are usually provided with a star or delta connection of the stator winding in order to. thereby reduce the starting currents (from approx. 3-8 INomi.nal n ).
Aus diesem Grund erfolgt der Start des Elektromotors in der Sternschaltung und nach Erreichen von ca. 70 % der Nominal¬ drehzahl erfolgt die Umschaltung zum Dreieck. Symbolisch werden diese Elektromotoren mit Y/Δ dargestellt .For this reason, the electric motor is started in the star connection and after reaching about 70% of the nominal speed the switchover to the triangle takes place. These electric motors are symbolically represented with Y / Δ.
Weiterhin besitzen die heutigen Dreiphasenasynchron-Elek- tromotoren sehr niedrige Anzugsmomente. Die Gesamtverluste dieser Elektromotoren sind verhältnismässig gross. Der Schlupf beträgt rd. 7?ό. Daraus resultieren also ein rela¬ tiv geringer Wirkungsgrad und cos r . Die Lebensdauer dieser Elektromotoren ist relativ kurz.Today's three-phase asynchronous electric motors also have very low tightening torques. The total losses of these electric motors are relatively large. The slip is approx. 7? Ό. This results in a relatively low efficiency and cos r. The lifespan of these electric motors is relatively short.
Aufgabe dieser Erfindung ist es eine Lösung zu finden, wel¬ che die Nachteile, die die heutigen Elektromotoren mit sich bringen, beseitigt. Das Ziel der Erfindung liegt in der Er¬ reichung der besseren Charakteristiken, wie z.B. die Erhö¬ hung des resultierenden, rotierenden Magnetfeldes um 100?ό; die Verringerung der Anlasströme; Wegfall der Stern- und Drei¬ eckschaltungen; Erhöhung des Anzugsmomentes; Verringerung des Schlupfes und der Verluste; Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades und des cos sowie der Verlängerung der Lebensdauer des Elektro¬ motors. Das gleiche gilt für die Verbesserung der Charakteri¬ stiken des Generators.The object of this invention is to find a solution which eliminates the disadvantages which today's electric motors entail. The aim of the invention is to achieve better characteristics, e.g. the increase in the resulting rotating magnetic field by 100? reducing starting currents; Elimination of the star and triangular circuits; Increase of the tightening torque; Reduction of slip and losses; Increasing the efficiency and cos and extending the life of the electric motor. The same applies to the improvement of the characteristics of the generator.
Um die Resultante des rotierenden Magnetfeldes erhöhen zu
können, wird die heutige Kenntnis der Theorie der Entstehung des rotierenden Magnetfeldes durch Bilder 1 - 11 wiedergegeben. Diese Theorie ist in einer eigenen und neuen räumlich/zeitli¬ chen Betrachtungsweise dargestellt, unter der Voraussetzung, dass die Ereignisse auf dem linearen Teil der Magnetisierungs¬ kurve betrachtet werden. Das Bild 4 gibt die räumliche und zeitliche Reihenfolge der Phasenbeiträge der Bildung des re¬ sultierenden, rotierenden Magnetfeldes wieder. Die Intervall¬ schrittweite beträgt H/6. Bei aufmerksamer Betrachtung des Bil¬ des 5 stellt man fest, dass bei jedem zweiten 60°-Schritt der zyklische Beitrag der einzelnen Phasen zur Intervall-Bildung des rotierenden Magnetfeldes fehlt. Mit anderen Worten ist der Beitrag der einzelnen Phasen beim Ueberqueren der Null-Linie im Bereich von ■"■ /6 nicht effektiv.To increase the resultant of the rotating magnetic field Today's knowledge of the theory of the origin of the rotating magnetic field is shown in Figures 1 - 11. This theory is presented in a separate and new spatial / temporal view, provided that the events on the linear part of the magnetization curve are viewed. Figure 4 shows the spatial and temporal order of the phase contributions of the formation of the resulting rotating magnetic field. The interval increment is H / 6. A careful examination of FIG. 5 reveals that the cyclical contribution of the individual phases to the interval formation of the rotating magnetic field is missing in every second 60 ° step. In other words, the contribution of the individual phases when crossing the zero line in the range of ■ "■ / 6 is not effective.
Das Bild 6 gibt das resultierende, rotierende Magnetfeld bzw. sei• n•en Kreis mit dem Radius Brot, = 3/2 . Bm ,' wenn alle dreiFigure 6 shows the resulting rotating magnetic field or its • n • en circle with the radius bread, = 3/2. Bm, 'if all three
Phasen mitwirken, wieder. Die Bilder 7, 8 und 9 geben die Fäl¬ le an, wenn die Phasen R, S bzw. T fehlen. Das neuentstandene resultierende, rotierende Magnetfeld nimmt in diesen Fällen jeweils die Form der Ellipse an. Daraus ist ersichtlich, dass der Start eines dreiphasigen Asynchron-Elektromotores beim Fehlen einer Phase unmöglich ist.Contribute phases, again. Figures 7, 8 and 9 indicate the cases when phases R, S and T are missing. In these cases, the newly created, rotating magnetic field takes on the shape of the ellipse. It can be seen from this that the start of a three-phase asynchronous electric motor is impossible in the absence of a phase.
Die wiedergegebene Theorie der Entstehung des rotiernden Mag¬ netfeldes, gesehen in einer neuen räumlich/zeitlichen Betrach¬ tungsweise, ermöglicht ohne weiteres, dass man eine Wiederho¬ lung dieser Theorie für die gleichzeitige und gleichgrosse räumlich/zeitliche Phasenverschiebung um H/2, bezogen auf den vorher geschilderten Fall, ebenfalls ableiten kann.The presented theory of the origin of the rotating magnetic field, seen in a new spatial / temporal view, makes it possible without further ado to repeat this theory for the simultaneous and equally large spatial / temporal phase shift by H / 2, based on derive the previously described case.
Die Analyse dieses Falles ist aus Bildern 10 - 20 ersichtlich.The analysis of this case is shown in Figures 10-20.
Als das Ergebnis dieser Ableitung, siehe Bild 12, erhält man die Grosse des resultierenden, rotierenden Magnetfeldes zu B , = 3/2 . B .. Dieser Wert entspricht genau dem des analy-
sierenden Falles ohne Phasenverschiebung. Durch gleiche Be¬ trachtungsweise wie zuvor werden diese Ergebnisse in den Bil¬ dern 15 - 20 wiedergegeben.The result of this derivation, see Figure 12, gives the size of the resulting rotating magnetic field to B, = 3/2. B .. This value corresponds exactly to that of the case without phase shift. Using the same approach as before, these results are shown in Figures 15-20.
Die Charakteristiken dieses Feldes sind dieselben wie die im vorhergehenden Fall, jedoch verschoben um den Betrag ιf/2.The characteristics of this field are the same as those in the previous case, but shifted by the amount ιf / 2.
Vergleicht man die Ergebnisse auf der Seite (Bilder 6 - 9) mit denen auf der SeiteΗ (Bilder 17 - 20) stellt man fest, dass die rotierenden, magnetischen Felder senkrecht aufeinan¬ der stehen.If you compare the results on the page (Figures 6 - 9) with those on the pageΗ (Figures 17 - 20), you can see that the rotating magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other.
Vergleicht man weiterhin die Resultate, dargestellt in Bild 4 und in Bild 15, so dass man sie überlagert, und das Bild 15 um H /6 verdreht stellt man fest, dass die resultierenden Vekto¬ ren der jeweiligen Magnetfelder übereinanderfallen .If one further compares the results, shown in Figure 4 and Figure 15, so that they are superimposed and rotated by 15/6, it is found that the resulting vectors of the respective magnetic fields overlap.
Der weitere Ueberlagerungsvergleich der Bilder 5 und 16 zeigt, dass die Komponenten der magnetischen Induktion jedes gegebe¬ nen Intervalles eine Resultierende in Höhe von Brot, = 3 . Bm ergeben .The further overlay comparison of Figures 5 and 16 shows that the components of the magnetic induction of each given interval result in the amount of bread = 3. Bm result.
Summiert man alle Komponenten der magnetischen Induktion für alle Intervalle zwischen 0 und 2 ιl , bekommt man das Bild 21. Daraus ist ersichtlich, dass das tatsächliche, resultierende, rotierende Magnetfeld mit dem Radius Brot 3 . B wiedergege- ben is .If all components of the magnetic induction are summed for all intervals between 0 and 2 ιl, you get the picture 21. From this it can be seen that the actual, resulting rotating magnetic field with the radius bread 3 B is shown.
Das Bild 22 gibt die vektoriellen Komponenten der einzelnen Phasen wieder. Um das geschilderte rotierende Magnetfeld tech¬ nisch nutzbar mac hen zu können, ist ein spezielles Wicklungs¬ schema des Ständers, gegeben in Bild 23, abgeleitet.Figure 22 shows the vectorial components of the individual phases. In order to be able to use the rotating magnetic field described technically, a special winding scheme of the stator, given in Figure 23, is derived.
Durch die doppelte Erhöhung des Wertes des rotierenden Magnet¬ feldes wird das Anzugsmoment, ohne einen grösseren Anlasstrom zu benötigen, erhöht.
Die Umschaltung von Stern auf Dreieck ist in diesem Motor über¬ flüssig, da die Einschaltung des Elektromotores über direkt erfolgt.By double increasing the value of the rotating magnetic field, the tightening torque is increased without requiring a larger starting current. Switching from star to triangle is superfluous in this motor, since the electric motor is switched on directly.
Der Schlupf des neuen Elektromotores ist wesentlich geringer als bei heutigen. Seine Verluste sind wesentlich geringer, der Wirkungsgrad und cos auch wesentlich verbessert.The slip of the new electric motor is much less than that of today's. Its losses are much lower, the efficiency and cos also significantly improved.
Wegen der viel günstigeren Arbeitsbedingungen wird die Lebens¬ dauer des neuen elektrischen Motors bzw. Generators vielfach verlänger .Because of the much more favorable working conditions, the service life of the new electric motor or generator is prolonged in many cases.
Die Gestaltung des neuen Generators bzw. Elektromotors erlaubt - gegenüber heutigen elektrischen Anlagen - eine wirtschaftli¬ chere Herstellung. Die Charakteristiken der neuen elektrischen Anlagen, bei gleichen Bedingungen, sind wesentlich verbessert. Die Wartung ist auf ein Minimum reduziert. Daraus ist ersicht¬ lich, dass in de-r Zukunft eine grosse Einsparung der elektri¬ schen Energie möglich ist.
The design of the new generator or electric motor permits - compared to today's electrical systems - more economical production. The characteristics of the new electrical systems, under the same conditions, have been significantly improved. Maintenance is reduced to a minimum. From this it can be seen that in the future a large saving of electrical energy will be possible.
Claims
1. "Gjota Generatoren und Elektromotoren", dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, dass die Ausführung über die gleichzeitige Stern- und Imaginärdreieckschaltung ausgeführt wird, welche ihr Kurzzeichen Y & jΔ = hat.1. "Gjota generators and electric motors", characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the execution is carried out via the simultaneous star and imaginary delta connection, which has its abbreviation Y & jΔ =.
2. "Gjota Generatoren und Elektromotoren" nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Art der räumlich/zeit¬ lichen Betrachtungsweise der Entstehung des resultieren¬ den, rotierenden Magne feldes, gegeben durch die Betrach¬ tung der räumlich/zeitlichen Beiträge jeder Phase für sich, verdreht um 2*Tt* /3 gegeben ist.2. "Gjota generators and electric motors" according to claim 2, characterized in that the type of spatial / temporal view of the emergence of the resulting rotating magnetic field, given by the consideration of the spatial / temporal contributions of each phase for itself, twisted by 2 * Tt * / 3 is given.
3. "Gjota Generatoren und Elektromotoren" nach Anspruch3. "Gjota generators and electric motors" according to claim
1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betrachtungs¬ weise der Entstehung des resultierenden, rotierenden Magnetfeldes auch für den Fall der gleichzeitigen räum¬ lich/zeitlichen Phasenverschiebung um den konstanten Wert von K /2, im Verhältnis zu Anspruch 1, gegeben ist.1 and 2, characterized in that the way of considering the formation of the resulting rotating magnetic field is also given in the case of the simultaneous spatial / temporal phase shift by the constant value of K / 2, in relation to claim 1.
4. "Gjota Generatoren und Elektromotoren" nach Anspruch4. "Gjota generators and electric motors" according to claim
1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Art der Ent¬ stehung des neuen superponierten , resultierenden, ro¬ tierenden Magnetfeldes, dargestellt mit Bild 21, gege¬ ben ist .1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the type of origin of the new superposed, resulting, rotating magnetic field, shown in FIG. 21, is given.
5. "Gjota Generatoren und Elektromotoren" nach Anspruch 1,5. "Gjota generators and electric motors" according to claim 1,
2, 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Art der Darstellung der vektoriellen Komponenten der einzelnen Phasen, dargestellt mit Bild 22, gegeben ist.2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the type of representation of the vectorial components of the individual phases, shown with Figure 22, is given.
6. "Gjota Generatoren und Elektromotoren" nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wicklungs¬ schema des Ständers, dargestellt mit Bild 23, gegeben ist 6. "Gjota generators and electric motors" according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the winding diagram of the stator, shown with Figure 23, is given
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| YUP-1040/85 | 1985-06-21 | ||
| YU104085A YU104085A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1985-06-21 | Coil construction for stator and |
| EP86117814A EP0271604A1 (en) | 1986-12-19 | 1986-12-19 | Winding arrangement of a stator and/or rotor of a three-phase generator or electromotor with improved performances |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1986007656A1 true WO1986007656A1 (en) | 1986-12-31 |
Family
ID=26102885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CH1986/000089 WO1986007656A1 (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1986-06-16 | Gjota generators and electromotors |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO1986007656A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0271604A1 (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-22 | Rifat Dr. Gjota | Winding arrangement of a stator and/or rotor of a three-phase generator or electromotor with improved performances |
| WO1994024757A1 (en) * | 1993-04-14 | 1994-10-27 | Maloe Nauchno-Vnedrencheskoe Predpriyatie 'kopen' | Stator for an electrical device using alternating current |
| DE10228884A1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-15 | Gjota, Rifat, Prof. Dr., Prishtina | Winding structure for a stator/rotor in a rotary current electric machine has different-phase winding branches connected as a triangle/star and twisted against each other at an angle |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH106878A (en) * | 1922-02-06 | 1924-10-01 | Creedy Frederick | Winding for AC machines that can work with fields with different numbers of poles. |
| FR621623A (en) * | 1927-05-14 | |||
| GB1257195A (en) * | 1968-07-31 | 1971-12-15 |
-
1986
- 1986-06-16 WO PCT/CH1986/000089 patent/WO1986007656A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR621623A (en) * | 1927-05-14 | |||
| CH106878A (en) * | 1922-02-06 | 1924-10-01 | Creedy Frederick | Winding for AC machines that can work with fields with different numbers of poles. |
| GB1257195A (en) * | 1968-07-31 | 1971-12-15 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0271604A1 (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-22 | Rifat Dr. Gjota | Winding arrangement of a stator and/or rotor of a three-phase generator or electromotor with improved performances |
| WO1994024757A1 (en) * | 1993-04-14 | 1994-10-27 | Maloe Nauchno-Vnedrencheskoe Predpriyatie 'kopen' | Stator for an electrical device using alternating current |
| DE10228884A1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-15 | Gjota, Rifat, Prof. Dr., Prishtina | Winding structure for a stator/rotor in a rotary current electric machine has different-phase winding branches connected as a triangle/star and twisted against each other at an angle |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE2436886C2 (en) | Self-starting synchronous motor and stepper motor with permanent magnet rotor | |
| WO2015144494A1 (en) | Electric machine | |
| DE1438568B2 (en) | WINDING ARRANGEMENT FOR A POLE-SWITCHABLE SINGLE-PHASE AC MOTOR | |
| DE3107654C2 (en) | Part winding circuit for starting a three-phase motor | |
| DE2208854B2 (en) | Synchronous motor with multi-pole permanently magnetic rotor - has salient pole stator with two pole groups and single third-phase pole | |
| WO2018060337A1 (en) | Circuit arrangement and electrical machine | |
| WO1986007656A1 (en) | Gjota generators and electromotors | |
| DE3014352A1 (en) | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR SINGLE OR MULTI-PHASE ELECTRICAL MACHINES | |
| DE4002714A1 (en) | Permanent magnet excited rotating field motor - has fractional slot winding and rotor with uniformly distributed even number of permanent magnets of alternating polarity | |
| DE10357503A1 (en) | Control of a DC motor | |
| DE2218193B2 (en) | Method for quickly reversing the direction of rotation of a single-phase induction motor | |
| DE2842391A1 (en) | Speed changeover circuit for three=phase motor - has triac switches in and between supply lines to motor to change mode | |
| DE348341C (en) | Multi-phase double armature winding to generate rotating fields in opposite directions | |
| DE880763C (en) | Commutatorless three-phase winding | |
| DE2734267C2 (en) | Control circuit for a multiphase stepper motor | |
| DE441061C (en) | Starting and regulating device for single-phase fed induction motors | |
| DE102023128490A1 (en) | ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH ASYMMETRIC WINDINGS AND VEHICLE EQUIPPED THEREWITH | |
| DE1438568C (en) | Winding arrangement for a pole-changing single-phase AC motor | |
| DE1959763A1 (en) | Self-starting single-phase AC synchronous motor | |
| DE276408C (en) | ||
| DE3509906A1 (en) | Permanent-magnet motor | |
| DE849728C (en) | Device for synchronizing an induction motor | |
| DE673600C (en) | Starting device for synchronous motors | |
| DE137558C (en) | ||
| AT53562B (en) | Stator winding for single-phase induction motors. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AU BB BG BR DK FI HU JP KP KR LK MC MG MW NO RO SD SU US |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CF CG CH CM DE FR GA GB IT LU ML MR NL SE SN TD TG |