WO1984001505A1 - Opsonins in peritoneal dialysis - Google Patents
Opsonins in peritoneal dialysis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1984001505A1 WO1984001505A1 PCT/US1983/001373 US8301373W WO8401505A1 WO 1984001505 A1 WO1984001505 A1 WO 1984001505A1 US 8301373 W US8301373 W US 8301373W WO 8401505 A1 WO8401505 A1 WO 8401505A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dialysis solution
- peritoneal dialysis
- peritoneal
- opsonin
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 108700022034 Opsonin Proteins Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000385 dialysis solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 210000003200 peritoneal cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 206010034674 peritonitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 108010074605 gamma-Globulins Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002357 osmotic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- MSFSPUZXLOGKHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Muraminsaeure Natural products OC(=O)C(C)OC1C(N)C(O)OC(CO)C1O MSFSPUZXLOGKHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010013639 Peptidoglycan Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SPFMQWBKVUQXJV-BTVCFUMJSA-N (2r,3s,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O SPFMQWBKVUQXJV-BTVCFUMJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1-(2-sulfanylethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N(CCS)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010074051 C-Reactive Protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100032752 C-reactive protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000016359 Fibronectins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010067306 Fibronectins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010057249 Phagocytosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030961 allergic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020832 chronic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001795 dextrose hydrous Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000028208 end stage renal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000000523 end stage renal failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940001447 lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003024 peritoneal macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008782 phagocytosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/1703—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- A61K38/1709—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
- A61K38/1725—Complement proteins, e.g. anaphylatoxin, C3a or C5a
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/28—Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
- A61M1/287—Dialysates therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/12—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from bacteria
Definitions
- Dialysis solution is passed into the peritoneal cavity and allowed to dwell for a period of hours while it engages in dialysis across the membranes of the peritoneal cavity for removal of metabolic waste products. The dialysis solution is then removed from the peritoneal cavity, and, in the case of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, promptly replaced with another quantity of fresh dialysis solution.
- an opsonin for microorganisms is administered to the peritoneal cavity of a patient in sufficient dose to suppress the symptoms of peritonitis.
- the peritoneal cavity contains white cells, particularly those known as peritoneal macrophages.
- an opsonin for example mixed with the peritoneal dialysis solution, potentiates the white cell activity in the peritoneal cavity, causing them to destroy greater numbers of bacteria and thus to suppress peritonitis symptoms.
- opsonins may naturally be found in the peritoneal cavity, it has been noted that some patients appear to lack sufficient opsonin concentrations to effectively suppress peritonitis when exposed to it.
- the artificial addition of opsonins to the peritoneal cavity can be a valuable tool in suppressing the symptoms of peritonitis, and particularly to prevent its occurrence.
- opsonin relates to any agent that modifies microorganisms to promote white cells to phagocytize the microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and the like. It is believed that a typical opsonin coats or otherwise- attaches itself to the microorganism, and facilitates the action of the white cell in phagocytizing and typically destroying it.
- gamma globulin a known therapeutic blood fraction, is a known opsonin, which is particularly effective against gram positive bacteria.
- Complement which is also a therapeutic blood fraction, may also be used, being a known opsonin for gram negative bacteria.
- Separated components of gamma globulin and complement may also be used, i.e., specific IgG antibodies (e.g., peptidoglycan antibodies) or a C3B-containing component of complement.
- the opsonin may be administered to the peritoneal cavity in any desired way, for example by injection, but in the case of peritoneal dialysis patients it is preferable to make use of the peritoneal catheter, which provides communication between the peritoneal cavity and the exterior, to administer the opsonin.
- the opsonin may be added to the peritoneal dialysis solution prior to its administration to the peritoneal cavity by mixing with the solution just prior to such administration.
- the opsonin may be placed in the solution as it is manufactured so that it is unnecessary for the user to have to administer extra opsonin, above and beyond that which is provided by the peritoneal dialysis solution itself.
- the peritoneal dialysis solution which contains an opsonin such as gamma globulin or complement may have the opsonin present in any desired, safe and effective
- gamma globulin or components thereof may be present in the peritoneal dialysis solution in a concentration of 0.05 to 10 mg. of dialysis solution, preferably no more than 5 mg. per ml.
- the C3 portion of tne complement may be present in the solution in a
- opsonins may also be provided to the peritoneal dialysis solution or otherwise administered as may be desired, for example C-reactive protein or fibronectin.
- the peritoneal dialysis solution into which the opsonins are added may be otherwise of conventional formulation, being of physiologically tolerable pH and having physiological salts and an osmotic agent, each in safe and effective concentrations to effect peritoneal 0 dialysis when placed in the peritoneal cavity of a patient.
- glucose may be pres'ent as the osmotic agent
- the ions of the physiological salts may include sodium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, acetate, and lactate, for example, in conventional concentrations. Potassium ion as well as other physiologically compatible ions may also be present if appropriate.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a container of peritoneal dialysis solution in communication with the peritoneal cavity of a patient, using conventional equipment.
- container 10 of peritoneal dialysis solution may be of a design which is commercially available from Travenol Laboratories, Inc. of Deerfield, Illinois.
- Container 10 communicates with a transfer set 12, which is also commercially available from the same company, and communicates with a conventional Tenckhoff catheter 14 which is permanently implanted in the peritoneal cavity of a patient 15.
- the solution contents of container 10 typically 2 liters
- the patient can then fold or roll up the flexible container 10 into a small package and wear it under his clothes in compact form for a period of about four hours.
- the patient unfolds container 10, opens catheter 14, and allows the spent dialysis solution to drain back into container 10. Thereafter he closes container 10 with a clamp, disconnects it from set 12, and replaces the connection with a new container of fresh dialysis solution.
- a typical peritoneal dialysis solution which may be utilized in this invention may contain, per 100 ml., 1.5 to 4.25 grams of dextrose hydrous U.S.P., 500 mg. of sodium chloride ⁇ .S.P, 448 mg. of sodium lactate, 25.7 gm. of calcium chloride ⁇ .S.P., and 5.08 mg. of magnesium chloride U.S.P.
- the pH may preferably be about 5.5, broadly ranging from about pH 5 to 7.
- 100 mg. of gamma globulin per liter of dialysis solution present may be added to the container 10 by injection syringe 20 through auxiliary medication port 18, which may be of conventional design, to mix with the peritoneal dialysis solution present in container 10.
- 100 mg. per liter of dialysis solution of the C-3 component of complement may be added, either as part of whole complement or a purified fraction thereof.
- 100 mg. per liter of the same C-3 component may be added as a further additive to the solution along with the gamma globulin.
- peritoneal dialysis causes peritoneal dialysis to proceed in ordinary manner, but with the symptoms of peritonitis being effectively suppressed, since the presence of opsonins causes greater white- cell phagocytosis and subsequent destruction of any bacteria or other microorganisms present.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
Opsonins for microorganisms may be placed into the peritoneal cavity of a patient to suppress the symptoms of peritonitis and particularly to prevent its occurrence. The opsonin may be mixed with peritoneal dialysis solution.
Description
OPSONINS IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
Technical Field and Prior Art
Chronic peritoneal dialysis has been a highly successful means for the treatment of patients with end stage renal failure. Dialysis solution is passed into the peritoneal cavity and allowed to dwell for a period of hours while it engages in dialysis across the membranes of the peritoneal cavity for removal of metabolic waste products. The dialysis solution is then removed from the peritoneal cavity, and, in the case of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, promptly replaced with another quantity of fresh dialysis solution.
One significant drawback to the various forms of peritoneal dialysis is that patients who engage in it are subject to peritonitis. While it has been found that peritonitis can be handled with antibiotics, it is potentially among the most serious of infections, due to the sensitivity of the peritoneal cavity to infection. In accordance with this invention, a technique is proposed for the suppression of peritonitis and its symptoms, particularly that peritonitis which takes place in patients who undergo peritoneal dialysis.
Description of Invention
By this invention, an opsonin for microorganisms is administered to the peritoneal cavity of a patient in sufficient dose to suppress the symptoms of peritonitis. It is known that the peritoneal cavity contains white cells, particularly those known as peritoneal macrophages. By this invention, the addition of an opsonin, for example mixed with the peritoneal dialysis solution, potentiates the white cell activity in the peritoneal cavity, causing them to destroy greater numbers of bacteria and thus to suppress peritonitis symptoms.
While opsonins may naturally be found in the peritoneal cavity, it has been noted that some patients appear to lack sufficient opsonin concentrations to effectively suppress peritonitis when exposed to it. The artificial addition of opsonins to the peritoneal cavity can be a valuable tool in suppressing the symptoms of peritonitis, and particularly to prevent its occurrence.
It is believed that the types of opsonins which may be used in the method of this invention are unlimited, subject, of course, to the natural restrictions relating to toxicity, allergic reaction, and the like. Broadly, the word "opsonin" relates to any agent that modifies microorganisms to promote white cells to phagocytize the microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and the like. It is believed that a typical opsonin coats or otherwise- attaches itself to the microorganism, and facilitates the action of the white cell in phagocytizing and typically destroying it. For example, gamma globulin, a known therapeutic blood fraction, is a known opsonin, which is particularly effective against gram positive bacteria. Complement, which is also a therapeutic blood fraction, may also be used, being a known opsonin for gram negative bacteria. Separated components of gamma globulin and complement may also be used, i.e., specific IgG antibodies (e.g., peptidoglycan antibodies) or a C3B-containing component of complement.
The opsonin may be administered to the peritoneal cavity in any desired way, for example by injection, but in the case of peritoneal dialysis patients it is preferable to make use of the peritoneal catheter, which provides communication between the peritoneal cavity and the exterior, to administer the opsonin. If desired, the opsonin may be added to the peritoneal dialysis solution prior to its administration to the peritoneal cavity by
mixing with the solution just prior to such administration. In the alternative, the opsonin may be placed in the solution as it is manufactured so that it is unnecessary for the user to have to administer extra opsonin, above and beyond that which is provided by the peritoneal dialysis solution itself.
The peritoneal dialysis solution which contains an opsonin such as gamma globulin or complement may have the opsonin present in any desired, safe and effective
10 concentration. For example, gamma globulin or components thereof may be present in the peritoneal dialysis solution in a concentration of 0.05 to 10 mg. of dialysis solution, preferably no more than 5 mg. per ml. The C3 portion of tne complement may be present in the solution in a
-5 concentration of 0.1 to 10 mg. per ml. of dialysis solution. It may also be desired for a mixture of the above concentrations of gamma globulin and complement to be present in the peritoneal dialysis solution for enhanced effectiveness against both gram positive and gram Q negative bacteria.
Other possible opsonins may also be provided to the peritoneal dialysis solution or otherwise administered as may be desired, for example C-reactive protein or fibronectin. 2 The peritoneal dialysis solution into which the opsonins are added may be otherwise of conventional formulation, being of physiologically tolerable pH and having physiological salts and an osmotic agent, each in safe and effective concentrations to effect peritoneal 0 dialysis when placed in the peritoneal cavity of a patient. Typically, from 1 to 5 weight percent glucose may be pres'ent as the osmotic agent, while the ions of the physiological salts may include sodium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, acetate, and lactate, for example, in
conventional concentrations. Potassium ion as well as other physiologically compatible ions may also be present if appropriate.
Description of Drawings
Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a container of peritoneal dialysis solution in communication with the peritoneal cavity of a patient, using conventional equipment.
Description of Specific Embodiment
Referring to the drawing, container 10 of peritoneal dialysis solution may be of a design which is commercially available from Travenol Laboratories, Inc. of Deerfield, Illinois. Container 10 communicates with a transfer set 12, which is also commercially available from the same company, and communicates with a conventional Tenckhoff catheter 14 which is permanently implanted in the peritoneal cavity of a patient 15. As previously stated, the solution contents of container 10 (typically 2 liters) can pass into the peritoneal cavity through set 12 and catheter 14, and the set is closed with clamp 16 so that the solution is retained therein. The patient can then fold or roll up the flexible container 10 into a small package and wear it under his clothes in compact form for a period of about four hours. Thereafter, in conventional manner, the patient unfolds container 10, opens catheter 14, and allows the spent dialysis solution to drain back into container 10. Thereafter he closes container 10 with a clamp, disconnects it from set 12, and replaces the connection with a new container of fresh dialysis solution.
A typical peritoneal dialysis solution which may be utilized in this invention may contain, per 100 ml., 1.5 to 4.25 grams of dextrose hydrous U.S.P., 500 mg. of
sodium chloride ϋ.S.P, 448 mg. of sodium lactate, 25.7 gm. of calcium chloride ϋ.S.P., and 5.08 mg. of magnesium chloride U.S.P. The pH may preferably be about 5.5, broadly ranging from about pH 5 to 7. In accordance with this invention 100 mg. of gamma globulin per liter of dialysis solution present may be added to the container 10 by injection syringe 20 through auxiliary medication port 18, which may be of conventional design, to mix with the peritoneal dialysis solution present in container 10. Alternatively, 100 mg. per liter of dialysis solution of the C-3 component of complement may be added, either as part of whole complement or a purified fraction thereof. Alternatively, 100 mg. per liter of the same C-3 component may be added as a further additive to the solution along with the gamma globulin.
Thereafter, administration of the dialysis solution to the peritoneal cavity causes peritoneal dialysis to proceed in ordinary manner, but with the symptoms of peritonitis being effectively suppressed, since the presence of opsonins causes greater white- cell phagocytosis and subsequent destruction of any bacteria or other microorganisms present.
The above has been offered for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is as defined in the claims below.
OMPI
^ξi τιo
Claims
1. The method of administering an opsonin for microorganisms into the peritoneal cavity of a patient in sufficient dose to suppress symptoms of peritonitis.
2. The method of Claim 1 in which said opsonin comprises gamma globulin.
3. The method of Claim 1 in which said opsonin comprises complement.
4. The method of performing peritoneal dialysis on a patient by administering peritoneal dialysis solution to the peritoneal cavity of a patient, and thereafter withdrawing said solution from the peritoneal cavity, the improvement comprising: adding an opsonin for microorganisms to said peritoneal dialysis solution in sufficient concentration to suppress symptoms of peritonitis.
5. The method of Claim 4 in which said opsonin comprises gamma globulin.
6. The method of Claim 3 in which said opsonin comprises complement.
7. The method of Claim 4 in which said opsonin comprises a mixture of gamma globulin and complement.
8. A peritoneal dialysis solution which comprises a water solution of physiologically tolerable pH having physiological salts and an osmotic agent, each in safe and effective concentrations to effect peritoneal dialysis when placed in the peritoneal cavity of a patient, the improvement comprising, in combination: an opsonin for microorganisms dispersed in said peritoneal dialysis solution in sufficient concentration to suppress symptoms of peritonitis when inserted into the peritoneal cavity in a peritoneal dialysis procedure.
9. The peritoneal dialysis solution of Claim 8 in which said opsonin comprises gamma globulin.
10. The peritoneal dialysis solution of Claim 9 in which said gamma globulin is present in a concentration of 0.05 to 10 g. per ml. of dialysis solution.
11. The peritoneal dialysis solution of Claim 8 in which said opsonin comprises complement.
12. The peritoneal dialysis solution of Claim 11 in which said complement is present in a concentration of 0.1 to 10 mg. per ml. of dialysis solution.
13. The peritoneal dialysis solution of Claim 8 in which said opsonin comprises a mixture of from 0.1 to 10 mg. of gamma globulin and from 0.1 to 10 mg. of complement, per ml. of dialysis solution.
14. A peritoneal dialysis solution which comprises a water solution of physiologically tolerable pH having physiological salts and an osmotic agent, each in safe and effective concentrations, to effect peritoneal dialysis when placed in the peritoneal cavity of a patient, the improvement comprising, in combination: an opsonin for microorganisms comprising at least one peptidoglycan antibody dispersed in said peritoneal dialysis solution in a concentration of 0.05 to 10 mg./ml. of dialysis solution.
15. The peritoneal dialysis solution of Claim 14 in whic:hh nnco more than 5 mg./ml. of said dispersed antibody is present.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU20393/83A AU2039383A (en) | 1982-10-21 | 1983-09-02 | Opsonins in peritoneal dialysis |
| JP50320783A JPS59501983A (en) | 1982-10-21 | 1983-09-02 | Opsonins in peritoneal dialysis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US43580682A | 1982-10-21 | 1982-10-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1984001505A1 true WO1984001505A1 (en) | 1984-04-26 |
Family
ID=23729884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1983/001373 WO1984001505A1 (en) | 1982-10-21 | 1983-09-02 | Opsonins in peritoneal dialysis |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0122267A4 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1219212A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1169596B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1984001505A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0337420A2 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-18 | Fresenius AG | Antimicrobial dialysis and rinsing liquid for intraperitoneal delivery |
| EP0970699A3 (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2002-10-16 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Peritoneal dialysis solution |
| CN109844129A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-06-04 | 微生物传感器有限公司 | Method and apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4235230A (en) * | 1979-02-12 | 1980-11-25 | University Of Utah | Iodine composition and method for prevention and treatment of dialysis induced peritonitis |
| US4315906A (en) * | 1979-05-21 | 1982-02-16 | New England Nuclear Corporation | Cold insoluble globulin, its purification and use |
| US4412990A (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1983-11-01 | Cutter Laboratories, Inc. | Composition having enhanced opsonic activity |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4396608A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-08-02 | Cutter Laboratories | Intravenously injectable immune serum globulin |
-
1983
- 1983-09-02 EP EP19830903133 patent/EP0122267A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-09-02 WO PCT/US1983/001373 patent/WO1984001505A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-10-06 CA CA000438565A patent/CA1219212A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-10-20 IT IT23375/83A patent/IT1169596B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4235230A (en) * | 1979-02-12 | 1980-11-25 | University Of Utah | Iodine composition and method for prevention and treatment of dialysis induced peritonitis |
| US4315906A (en) * | 1979-05-21 | 1982-02-16 | New England Nuclear Corporation | Cold insoluble globulin, its purification and use |
| US4412990A (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1983-11-01 | Cutter Laboratories, Inc. | Composition having enhanced opsonic activity |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Volume 74, No. 25, issued 1971 (Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.), BORCHARDT et al., "Human Plasma and the Antibacterial Effect of Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions". see page 182, col. 2, Abstract No. 136972d, Brit. Med. J. 1971, 1(5742), 205-6 (Eng.) * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0337420A2 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-18 | Fresenius AG | Antimicrobial dialysis and rinsing liquid for intraperitoneal delivery |
| EP0337420A3 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1990-12-27 | Fresenius AG | Antimicrobial dialysis and rinsing liquid for intraperitoneal delivery |
| EP0970699A3 (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2002-10-16 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Peritoneal dialysis solution |
| CN109844129A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-06-04 | 微生物传感器有限公司 | Method and apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0122267A4 (en) | 1986-09-24 |
| IT1169596B (en) | 1987-06-03 |
| CA1219212A (en) | 1987-03-17 |
| EP0122267A1 (en) | 1984-10-24 |
| IT8323375A0 (en) | 1983-10-20 |
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