WO1984000209A1 - Systeme de detection d'angles utilisant un polariseur rotatif - Google Patents
Systeme de detection d'angles utilisant un polariseur rotatif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1984000209A1 WO1984000209A1 PCT/US1982/000884 US8200884W WO8400209A1 WO 1984000209 A1 WO1984000209 A1 WO 1984000209A1 US 8200884 W US8200884 W US 8200884W WO 8400209 A1 WO8400209 A1 WO 8400209A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- providing
- responsive
- light
- signal
- polarized light
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/168—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of polarisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
Definitions
- This invention relates to systems for measuring aeroelastic deformation of aircraft structure in flight or in wind tunnels and, more particularly, to a rotating polarizer angle sensor system for measuring aeroelastic deformation of an aircraft structure in flight or in a wind tunnel.
- accelerometers have been utilized for measurement of aeroelastic deformation of aircraft structure in flight but have proved unsuitable because of sensitivity to acceleration as well as angle.
- Other optical methods have been utilized in wind tunnel test ⁇ ing but, however, have been deficient in terms of accuracy of the systems.
- Photogrammetric methods have also been utilized for flight testing, but have a] so been awkward to deploy and deficient in the measure of accuracy.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention utilizes the physical principle upon which linearly polarized light which passes through a linear polarizer relates the intensity of the transmitted light as a simple function' of the angle between the axis of polarization of the incoming light and the axis of the polarizer.
- any effect which changes the intensity of the transmitted light would result in a change in the angle reading.
- an incident beam of light in which the axis of polarization is a function of time is utilized wherein the phase angle between a reference signal and. a test signal as a measure of the angle between the axis of the reference polarizer and the axis of the test polarizer is utilized.
- the present rotating polarizer angle sensor system embodiment while having remote angle measurement applicability in general, includes applica ⁇ tions wherein deformation and vibration of structures, such as in a tilt eter for geotechnical applications, are required, and wherein the operating range of the system is required to be from centimeters to e.g. kilometers.
- FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram utilized in explaining the principles of. operation of the present rotating polarizer angle sensor system embodiment
- FIGURE 2 is a hardware system optical embodiment utilizing the principles shown in FIGURE 1;
- CMPI FIGURE 2A is illustrative of an alternative light input arrangement which may be utilized in the system of FIGURE 2;
- FIGURE 3 is a block diagram showing signal pro- cessing of reference and test signals from the optical system of FIGURE 2;
- FIGURE 4 is a typical response curve for the rotating polarizer angle sensing system of FIGURES 2 and 3 over the angle range of from zero to 90° of the present system embodiment.
- FIGURE 1 illustrative of the prin ⁇ ciples of operation of the present system in which an incident beam of light in which the axis of polarization is a function of time and in which the phase angle beween a reference signal and a test signal is utilized as a measure of the angle between the axis of the refer ⁇ ence ⁇ polarizer and the axis of the test polarizer, it can be seen that circularly polarized light 10 from a laser source (not shown) is passed through a rotating linear polarizer 20, thereby providing rotating linearly polarized light 30 with the axis of polarization rotat ⁇ ing at twice the speed of polarizer rotation.
- Light beam 30 is divided downstream by beam splitter 40 into a reference beam and a test beam, each of which beams is coupled through linear polarizer elements 50 and 60 and, subsequently, collected by photo-detectors (not shown) which measure the time dependent intensity.
- the phase difference between the two signals from the detectors (as processed by the system of FIGURES 2 and 3) is directy proportional to the difference between the polarization axes of the two polarizers.
- FIGURES 2 and 3 A system embodiment of the present rotating polar-— izer angle sensor system is shown in FIGURES 2 and 3.
- a light source 101 comprising a low power laser with a linearly polarized output beam is utilized.
- the beam is coupled through a one-fourth wave retarda ⁇ tion plate 102 to generate the required circularly polarized light.
- the beam is then coupled through a rotating linear polarizer system 104 which comprises a constant speed motor 103 driving a linear polarizer 100.
- the frequency of rotation of the axis of polarization of the output beam from rotating linear polarizer 104 is twice that of constant speed motor 103.
- downstream the beam is coupled through expansion lens 105 and then coupled through beam splitter 106 wherein the reference and test beams separation is provided.
- Retro- reflector element 111 may comprise retro-reflective tape or e.g. a corner cube reflector depending upon system application.
- the transmission beam striking target 700 is reflected back through linear polarizer 110 in the present system embodiment of FIGURE 2 to be collected by objective lens 109.
- the collected beam is subsequently directed downstream by mirror element 106 through lens 112 and interference filter element 113 (set for the wavelengths of the laser light) and then is incident upon photo-detector 114.
- Photo-detector 114 comprises a photo-voltaic cell for ranges up to thirty meters and may comprise a photo-multiplier tube for longer range applications.
- Photo-voltaic detectors 108 and 114 are current sources and current to voltage converters 300 and 301, as seen in FIGURE 3, are utilized to condition reference signal 208 and test signal 209 further down ⁇ stream for analysis.
- the gain of current to voltage converters 300 and 301 should be adjuste to yield a predetermined voltage e.g. typically two to five volts peak to peak.
- the respective signals from current to voltage converter 300 and current to voltage conver- ter 301 are then A.C. coupled to fixed gain amplifiers 305 and 306, respectively, with the output therefrom being clipped fifteen volt signals which are then transmitted through respective phase locked loops 310 and 3.12 for providing additional noise rejection.
- Voltage controlled oscillators 314 and 316 in the respective phase locked loops 310 and 312, are utilized for phase measurement with the respective signals from phase locked loops 310 and 312 being coupled to the input of exclusive OR gate 320, the output of exclusive OR gate 320 being provided with low pass filtering in 12 pole Butterworth type filter 321 to provide a voltage output from digital voltmeter 322 which is proportional to angle with a dynamic range equal to one-half the carrier frequency.
- FIGURE 4 it can be seen in the graph showing E from the system ' of FIGURE 3 as a function of target angle that the angle range of the system of FIGURES 2 and 3 over 90° as provided ' , a typical response curve being shown in FIGURE 4.
- Accuracy at 95 percent confidence at a range of four meters is .025°.
- the present system in bright sun ⁇ light, has been shown to provide, at a range of thirty meters, a similar accuracy.
- an input light source 402 using a high intensity lamp coupled through a lens, stop, and further lens may be utilized in place of laser 101 and one-fourth wave plate 102 in the system of FIGURE 2.
Abstract
Un système de mesure de la déformation aéroélastique d'une aile d'aéronef en vol ou en soufflerie utilise une lumière provenant d'une source de lumière polarisée linéairement (101). La lumière est transmise au travers d'éléments de modulation (104, 105) pour former un rayon porteur et une petite portion du rayon est réfléchie au travers d'un polariseur linéaire (107) dans un photodétecteur (108) pour l'utiliser comme signal électrique de référence (208). Le reste du rayon est réfléchi par une cible rétroréflectrice (700) placée sur l'aile dans un autre photodétecteur (114) pour produire le signal électrique cible (209). Les deux signaux électriques amplifiés sont comparés dans un détecteur de phase (fig. 3) pour obtenir un signal de sortie de mesure d'angle E0.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19820902840 EP0112334A4 (fr) | 1982-06-30 | 1982-06-30 | Systeme de detection d'angles utilisant un polariseur rotatif. |
PCT/US1982/000884 WO1984000209A1 (fr) | 1982-06-30 | 1982-06-30 | Systeme de detection d'angles utilisant un polariseur rotatif |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1982/000884 WO1984000209A1 (fr) | 1982-06-30 | 1982-06-30 | Systeme de detection d'angles utilisant un polariseur rotatif |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1984000209A1 true WO1984000209A1 (fr) | 1984-01-19 |
Family
ID=22168070
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1982/000884 WO1984000209A1 (fr) | 1982-06-30 | 1982-06-30 | Systeme de detection d'angles utilisant un polariseur rotatif |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0112334A4 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1984000209A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104748695A (zh) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-01 | 清华大学 | 基于区段精细测量的大断面地下洞室早期变形监测方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3633212A (en) * | 1970-10-15 | 1972-01-04 | Guy F Cooper | System for determining the orientation of an object by employing plane-polarized light |
US3833302A (en) * | 1972-08-23 | 1974-09-03 | Leitz Ernst Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the automatic photoelectric trapping of local changes of optically effective object structures |
SU522425A1 (ru) * | 1975-01-07 | 1976-07-25 | Ленинградский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина | Фотоупругий динамометр |
US3992104A (en) * | 1974-08-29 | 1976-11-16 | Nippon Kogaku K.K. | Automatic polarization analyzer device |
US4176951A (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1979-12-04 | Etat Francais as represented by the Pelegue General pour l'Armement | Rotating birefringent ellipsometer and its application to photoelasticimetry |
US4179217A (en) * | 1977-02-21 | 1979-12-18 | Etat Francais As Represented By The Delegue General Pour L'armement | Dynamic photoelasticimeter with rotating birefringent element |
US4263810A (en) * | 1978-03-08 | 1981-04-28 | Chiu Hong Yee | Angular deflection sensing apparatus for load, force, and other types of measurements |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4129384A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1978-12-12 | Batelle Memorial Institute | Optical extensometer |
-
1982
- 1982-06-30 WO PCT/US1982/000884 patent/WO1984000209A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-06-30 EP EP19820902840 patent/EP0112334A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3633212A (en) * | 1970-10-15 | 1972-01-04 | Guy F Cooper | System for determining the orientation of an object by employing plane-polarized light |
US3833302A (en) * | 1972-08-23 | 1974-09-03 | Leitz Ernst Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the automatic photoelectric trapping of local changes of optically effective object structures |
US3992104A (en) * | 1974-08-29 | 1976-11-16 | Nippon Kogaku K.K. | Automatic polarization analyzer device |
SU522425A1 (ru) * | 1975-01-07 | 1976-07-25 | Ленинградский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина | Фотоупругий динамометр |
US4176951A (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1979-12-04 | Etat Francais as represented by the Pelegue General pour l'Armement | Rotating birefringent ellipsometer and its application to photoelasticimetry |
US4179217A (en) * | 1977-02-21 | 1979-12-18 | Etat Francais As Represented By The Delegue General Pour L'armement | Dynamic photoelasticimeter with rotating birefringent element |
US4263810A (en) * | 1978-03-08 | 1981-04-28 | Chiu Hong Yee | Angular deflection sensing apparatus for load, force, and other types of measurements |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0112334A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104748695A (zh) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-01 | 清华大学 | 基于区段精细测量的大断面地下洞室早期变形监测方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0112334A1 (fr) | 1984-07-04 |
EP0112334A4 (fr) | 1984-11-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4171908A (en) | Automatic two wavelength photoelasticimeter | |
US3619058A (en) | Distance measuring apparatus | |
US4688934A (en) | Rotating polarizer angle sensing system | |
US4030686A (en) | Position determining systems | |
CN109828261B (zh) | 大气激光雷达的探测方法及装置 | |
US3604811A (en) | Shaft position encoders | |
US3041921A (en) | Polarimeter apparatus | |
CN110686853A (zh) | 聚焦激光差分干涉仪及非介入式测量风洞流场密度脉动的方法 | |
US3311747A (en) | Infrared horizon sensor for missile attitude control | |
GB1082069A (en) | Velocity determination | |
US3535024A (en) | Interferometer servo system | |
CN110987357B (zh) | 二维聚焦激光差分干涉仪及平板边界层密度脉动测量方法 | |
US3053984A (en) | Star tracking system | |
WO1984000209A1 (fr) | Systeme de detection d'angles utilisant un polariseur rotatif | |
Vali et al. | Laser interferometer for earth strain measurements | |
RU190705U1 (ru) | Лидар для зондирования атмосферы | |
McKay et al. | Space-based Doppler wind lidar: modeling of edge detection and fringe imaging Doppler analyzers | |
US3006233A (en) | Optical navigational instruments | |
US3825350A (en) | Radiation sensing system | |
JP3096795B2 (ja) | 追尾測距システム | |
US3457410A (en) | Radiance compensation means for horizon sensors | |
US3064129A (en) | Speed indicating device | |
SU1091076A1 (ru) | Оптический доплеровский измеритель напр жений Рейнольдса в потоке жидкости или газа | |
SU916976A1 (ru) | Устройство дл контрол углового положени объекта | |
US4273446A (en) | Light spot position sensor for a wavefront sampling system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Designated state(s): US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB NL SE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1982902840 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1982902840 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1982902840 Country of ref document: EP |