WO1982004176A1 - Defibreuse des parties superieures de cannes a sucre - Google Patents

Defibreuse des parties superieures de cannes a sucre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982004176A1
WO1982004176A1 PCT/AU1982/000092 AU8200092W WO8204176A1 WO 1982004176 A1 WO1982004176 A1 WO 1982004176A1 AU 8200092 W AU8200092 W AU 8200092W WO 8204176 A1 WO8204176 A1 WO 8204176A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cane
cutter
chopper according
blades
tops
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1982/000092
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Keith Hall Smith
Original Assignee
Keith Hall Smith
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Keith Hall Smith filed Critical Keith Hall Smith
Priority to DE19823248311 priority Critical patent/DE3248311A1/de
Priority claimed from AU84587/82A external-priority patent/AU546817B2/en
Publication of WO1982004176A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982004176A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/10—Harvesting of standing crops of sugar cane

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to improvements in and relating to cane harvesters and in particular it relates to improvements to the cane top cutters associated therewith.
  • Sugar cane is harvested by means of mechanical harvesters which are driven along the rows of mature cane to harvest same.
  • the leafy cane tops are first cut from the stalks.
  • the leafy tops then fall to the ground for subsequent treatment.
  • the standing stalks are severed by a base cutting assembly and the cut stalks are conveyed through the harvester for further treatment.
  • a shredder for cane tops which will be effective in cutting up substantially all of the leafy cane tops into small pieces. If some leafy top material remains uncut or is discharged to the ground in long pieces, subsequent cultivation will be ineffective and the farmer will have to revert to raking and burning the leafy material.
  • the shredded tops are preferably discharged to the ground in a controlled manner away from the standing cane and to a selected side which is preferably the side of the harvester at which cane transporters are driven in such a manner to receive the cut stalks from the harvester. This operation necessitates that the drivers of the harvester and the cane transporter both have adequate forward vision to permit them to be driven along in side by side relationship during harvesting operations.
  • the present invention aims to alleviate the disadvantages associated with the aforementioned cane harvesters and cane top cutters and to provide a cane top cutter on or for a cane harvester which will be reliable and efficient in operation.
  • Other objects and advantages of the present invention will hereinafter become apparent.
  • this invention in one aspect resides broadly in a cane top chopper or shredder assembly including a cutter mounted on a support frame whereby it may be supported to engage cane stalks to chop or shred the top portion thereof into small pieces and discharge means associated with said cutter and adapted for discharge of chopped or shredded cane stalks to a selected one of a plurality of locations.
  • said cutter operates at a speed sufficient to throw the shredded cane tops away from the cutter and said discharge means includes outlet guide means arranged to guide the thrown pieces of cane tops to the selected one location.
  • the discharge means could comprise a conduit having an induced air draft therein to convey the chopped cane.
  • the cutter may be a plurality of axially spaced cutting blades rotatable about a common axis or spaced axes but preferably it is in the form of a drum rotatable about its axis and having blades extending outwardly therefrom and in spaced relationship whereby in use the respective blades or groups of blades engage the cane tops in vertically spaced relationship.
  • the drum is rotatable about an axis which is inclined forwardly whereby the cutting blades mounted towards the top of the cutter will in use engage the cane top prior to the cutting blades mounted towards the bottom of the cutter.
  • the drum is inclined forwardly at an angle of about thirty degrees to the vertical, but of course this may be increased to about forty-five degrees for example or be reduced to about fifteen degrees.
  • the drum axis may extend vertically and the blades may be arranged with their cutting tips in a conical array such that the upper knives extend outwardly beyond the lower knives. However if desired the cutting tips of the blades may pass through a common upright cutting plane.
  • the blades are arranged in rows in respective circumferential planes and suitably the respective circumferential planes are axially spaced along the drum a distance of between fifty and one hundred and fifty millimetres although suitably the planes are arranged about one hundred ⁇ dllimetres apart and there are provided a plurality of equally spaced blades in each row.
  • the latter is suitably provided with reversible driving means having remote control operation whereby the direction of rotation of the cutter may be varied remote from said shredder.
  • the guide means may include a pair of segmental housing portions arranged to closely overly the blade tips at either side of a common cutting zone. These housing portions may extend from a leading part adjacent the common cutting zone arcuately and rearwardly to a trailing part disposed at respective opposite side of said drum to define a respective pair of opposed guide paths through which cane tops may be conveyed for discharge therebeyond. Suitably there are provided outwardly extending deflector members spaced from the trailing parts and adapted to deflect shredded cane tops to a respective one side of the cutter. Cane tops in use will pass between the cutter and the respective housing portion towards which the blades advance from the cutting zone. This of course depends upon the direction of rotation of the cutter. A shield is suitably provided about the rear portion of the cutter and suitably the shield extends between the deflector members.
  • gathering means adapted to engage the cane stalks and feed same towards the cutter.
  • the gathering means may be in the form of a pair of fingered discs disposed at respective opposite sides of the cutter and adapted to be contra-rotatable about respective laterally spaced upright axes to gather cane stalks and feed them to the cutter.
  • the fingers upon the discs preferably extend outwardly from the peripheral edge portion of the respective discs and are canted rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation of the respective disc.
  • the gathering means may comprise a pair of forwardly splayed endless conveyors provided with fingers to engage the crop and guide same to the cutter.
  • the present invention in a further aspect resides in cane harvesting apparatus including a mobile main frame supporting a base cutter adapted to sever cane stalks; conveying means adapted to convey the cut stalks to a discharge location; top cutter disposed forwardly of said base cutter and arranged to engage cane stalks to chop or shred the top portion thereof into small pieces and discharge means associated with said cutter and adapted for discharge of chopped or shredded cane to a selected one of a plurality of locations.
  • FIG 1 is a diagramatic side elevational view of a harvester illustrating the operation of the shredder
  • FIG 2 is a front perspective view of a preferred form of shredder made in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a rear perspective view of the shredder; and FIG 4 is a partly cut-away side view of the shredder.
  • the cane harvester 10 includes a mobile supporting assembly 11 which is adapted to receive cane stalks through a central inlet 12 between laterally spaced dividing spirals 13 for passage via conveying rollers to a rotary cutter disposed within the assembly 11 whereby the stalks are cut into billets which are then cleared by air blast and fed onto an elevating conveyor 13 for discharge into a mobile field bin or the like which may be trailed behind the harvester and be separate therefrom.
  • the cane stalks 9 Prior to the cane stalks 9 entering the inlet 12 to be severed at their base by base cutter 14 and conveyed through the harvester for cutting into billets, the cane stalks 9 are engaged by adjustable topping apparatus 15 which removes the top leafy portion of the stalks leaving the remaining stem portion of the stalks for harvesting and subsequent treatment at a mill for the extraction of sugar juices therefrom.
  • the topping apparatus 15 is supported forwardly of the dividing spirals 13 by a linkage assembly 16 whereby the topping apparatus 15 may be raised or lowered to suit the cane being harvested.
  • the linkage assembly 16 is pivotally attached to the supporting frame 11 and the topping apparatus 15 and a hydraulic ram assembly
  • this ram assembly 17 is connected between the supporting frame 11 and the linkage and this ram assembly 17 can be extended or retracted to raise or lower the topping apparatus 15 to suit the crop being harvested.
  • the topping apparatus 15 in this embodiment includes a rotary cutter 18 in the form of a rotary drum 18a rotatable about its axis and provided with a plurality of blades 19 secured thereto and arranged in staggered formation in axially spaced rows of blades. Suitably there are provided four blades 19 in each row.
  • the drum 18a is supported by upper and lower axle portions 20 journalled for rotation by respective bearings means 21 in a sub-frame 22 supported by the linkage assembly 16 whereby the cutter 19 is rotatable about an inclined axis 23.
  • a reversible hydraulic motor 23 is operatively connected to the top axle 20 to enable the drum to be selectively rotated in either direction at a speed of about 800rpm although this speed may be reduced to 400rpm or increased to 1000rpm or faster for example depending upon the crop type and condition, and of course upon the radius of the drum 19 or other blade carrier which could be for example an endless chain type cutter.
  • the blade tip circle radius is 35Qcm giving a blade tip cutting speed of 29.4m/sec at 800rpm.
  • This speed is desirable in order to ensure positive cutting of the leafy top portion 8 of the cane and to ensure that the shreaded tops are thrown away from the cutter for discharge away from the harvester 10, however it can be varied to suit the particular crop from say a speed of 15m/sec to 45m/sec.
  • a housing having a pair of opposed portions 24, as best seen in Fig 2 and Fig 3 and which include intermediate portions 25 and which closely overlie the blades 19 to ensure that all the tops are engaged by the blades 19, forwardly and outwardly inclined guide parts 26 which direct the tops to the open cutting zone 28 intermediate the inlet formed between the spaced housing portions 24 and rearwardly directed trailing parts 27 which define, together with rearwardly spaced deflecting member 29, respective outlet apertures 30 at opposite sides of the cutter 19,
  • the deflecting members 29 extend laterally away from the cutter 18 to deflect the stream of cuttings passing rearwardly from the respective housing portion 24 to a respective side of the harvester 10,
  • bottom deflectors 31 which underly the outlet apertures
  • top guides 32 are provided and these interconnect the respective housing portions 24 and their associated deflecting members
  • a part circular shield 33 extends around the rear part of the cutter 18 between the members 29.
  • the sub-frame 22 includes a central spine portion 34 which supports the bearings 21 and the attachment brackets 35 for the linkage assembly 16 as well as a pair of lower arms 36 which extend forwardly to support rotatable gathering members 37 each of which consists of a disc like body part 38 supporting a plurality of rear- wardly inclined fingers 39 about its periphery.
  • the gathering members 37 are contra-rotatable in the direction indicated so as to feed cane to the cutting zone 28 and the fingers 32 are rearwardly inclined to prevent jamming of the cane between the fingers 39 and the discs 38.
  • the cutter 18 and the gathering members 37 are separately driven by respective hydraulic motor suitably remotely controlled from within the cabin of the harvester.
  • the motor 40 which drives the cutter 18 is reversible so that it can be rotated in either selected direction while the motors 42 which drive the gathering members 37 always rotate in the directions indicated.
  • Each blade 19 is of triangular form and includes an apertured base portion 44 whereby it may be detachably secured to a correspondingly apertured lug 43 fixed to the drum 18a, and outwardly converging cutting edges 45. Thus the blades 19 will chop or shred the cane tops irrespective of the direction of rotation of the cutter 18.
  • the harvester 10 is driven along a row of cane so as to engage the cane 9 between the dividing spirals 13.
  • the top portion of the cane passes between the gathering members 37 whereby it passes towards the cutting zone 28. Since the cutter 18 is inclined at an angle of 30 degrees to the vertical the upper most blades 19 will contact the cane top prior to the lower blades and thus they will remove the top portion of the cane top while the remaining lower portion remains standing until the drum has been advanced to bring the lower blades in contact with the base of the top portion of the cane.
  • This arrangement together with the close spacing between the blades 19 and the housing portions 24 results in positive shredding of all the leafy top portions 8.
  • the drum 18a since the drum 18a is rotating at a speed of about 800rpm the shredded cane top will be carried initially with the blades 19 between the housing portion 24 towards which the blades 19 advance from the cutting zone 28 whereupon the shredded tops will be thrown rearwardly to be deflected outwardly by the associated deflecting member 29.
  • the shredded tops will be discharged in a stream through the outlet 30 to one side of the harvester 10. If the direction of rotation of the cutter 18 is reversed, the shredded tops will be discharged from the the opposite outlet 30 to the opposite side of the harvester 10.
  • This facility is useful in that it enables the harvester to harvest cane during each pass of a field whereby irrespective of the direction of travel of the harvester or whether the uncut crop is disposed at the left hand or right hand of the harvester.
  • the shredded cane tops may be selectively discharged away from the uncut crop or towards the uncut crop simply by selecting the required direction of rotation of the cutter 18.
  • the fingered discs are driven independently by hydraulic motors and suitably they rotate at a speed of about 200rpm and of course much slower than the speed of rotation of the cutting drum 18a.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Une coupeuse/defibreuse des parties superieures de cannes a sucre d'une moissonneuse de cannes a sucre possede un dispositif de coupe rotatif (18) ayant la forme d'un tambour (18a) pourvu d'une pluralite de lames (19) fixees sur celui-ci. Le dispositif de coupe rotatif (18) est entraine par un moteur hydraulique reversible (40). Des portions de logement (24) sont prevues sur les cotes opposes du dispositif de coupe rotatif (18) et definissent des ouvertures de sortie (30) sur les cotes opposes du dispositif de coupe rotatif (18) pour decharger les coupeaux d'un cote respectif de la moissonneuse de cannes a sucre en fonction du sens de rotation du dispositif de coupe rotatif (18).
PCT/AU1982/000092 1981-06-02 1982-06-02 Defibreuse des parties superieures de cannes a sucre WO1982004176A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823248311 DE3248311A1 (de) 1981-06-02 1982-06-02 Rohrkopfshredder

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPE913481 1981-06-02
AU9134/81810602 1981-06-02
AU84587/82A AU546817B2 (en) 1981-06-02 1982-06-02 Cane top shredder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1982004176A1 true WO1982004176A1 (fr) 1982-12-09

Family

ID=25640386

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1982/000092 WO1982004176A1 (fr) 1981-06-02 1982-06-02 Defibreuse des parties superieures de cannes a sucre

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1982004176A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107018752A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-08 湖北神誉重工股份有限公司 履带行走整杆式甘蔗收割机
US9894838B2 (en) 2013-09-10 2018-02-20 Cnh Industrial America Llc Basecutter blade for a cane harvester
CN108934437A (zh) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-07 中国农业大学 一种刀片滑切辅助装置及甘蔗根切器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU137404B (en) * 1904-08-24 1905-07-01 Adolph Konuma Ni William Improvement in furnaces
AU6436165A (en) * 1965-09-22 1967-03-23 Machines for harvesting tall crops
AU409961B2 (en) * 1965-04-27 1971-01-27 Michael Mizzi Joseph An improved topping cutter fora cane harvester
AU436344B2 (en) * 1969-04-15 1973-05-31 REMO PIETRO GHIDELLA BRUNO NICOLA GHIDELLA and ELSO GHIDELLA CARLO GHIDELLA Improvements in and relating to toppers for cane harvesters

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU137404B (en) * 1904-08-24 1905-07-01 Adolph Konuma Ni William Improvement in furnaces
AU409961B2 (en) * 1965-04-27 1971-01-27 Michael Mizzi Joseph An improved topping cutter fora cane harvester
AU6436165A (en) * 1965-09-22 1967-03-23 Machines for harvesting tall crops
AU436344B2 (en) * 1969-04-15 1973-05-31 REMO PIETRO GHIDELLA BRUNO NICOLA GHIDELLA and ELSO GHIDELLA CARLO GHIDELLA Improvements in and relating to toppers for cane harvesters

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9894838B2 (en) 2013-09-10 2018-02-20 Cnh Industrial America Llc Basecutter blade for a cane harvester
CN107018752A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-08 湖北神誉重工股份有限公司 履带行走整杆式甘蔗收割机
CN108934437A (zh) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-07 中国农业大学 一种刀片滑切辅助装置及甘蔗根切器
CN108934437B (zh) * 2018-08-24 2024-03-29 中国农业大学 一种刀片滑切辅助装置及甘蔗根切器

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