WO1982001410A1 - Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu - Google Patents

Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982001410A1
WO1982001410A1 PCT/US1980/001350 US8001350W WO8201410A1 WO 1982001410 A1 WO1982001410 A1 WO 1982001410A1 US 8001350 W US8001350 W US 8001350W WO 8201410 A1 WO8201410 A1 WO 8201410A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
web
rollers
fluid
tbe
flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1980/001350
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kodak Co Eastman
Eugene H Barbee
Original Assignee
Kodak Co Eastman
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kodak Co Eastman filed Critical Kodak Co Eastman
Priority to AU70782/81A priority Critical patent/AU540435B2/en
Priority to BR8009116A priority patent/BR8009116A/pt
Priority to PCT/US1980/001350 priority patent/WO1982001410A1/fr
Priority to EP19810901013 priority patent/EP0062637B1/fr
Priority to DE8181901013T priority patent/DE3071866D1/de
Priority to JP81501430A priority patent/JPS57501547A/ja
Publication of WO1982001410A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982001410A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D15/00—Apparatus for treating processed material
    • G03D15/02—Drying; Glazing
    • G03D15/022—Drying of filmstrips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7422—Blowing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7451—Drying conditions

Definitions

  • Thig invention relates to a method and apparatus for changing the temperature of a moving continuous web, and in particular to a method and apparatus for uniformly heating or cooling a moving continuous support coated with a photograpnic emulsion.
  • a gelatin emulsion is applied to the support and cooled until the emulsion gels.
  • the emulsion is free to flow for an appreciable time before it gels, and, during this free-flow period, movement of the support tends to cause the emulsion to gel non-uniformly. It is essential that as much uniformity as possible be maintained in the treatment of the emulsion coating on the support during the free-flow period.
  • U.S. Patent 3,738,018 discloses an example of such a suction device.
  • This disclosure describes guiding a moving support through a dryer by closely spaced pairs of guide rollers in engagement with one surface of the support.
  • An arcuately pointed suction device disposed closely adjacent and between peripheries of adjacent rollers maintains the support in a predetermined angle of contact of the support with the rollers.
  • the drying effect results from contact with the heated rollers and hot air in the dryer.
  • any portion of air flow passing parallel to the support must be drawn by the suction device around and under the edges of the moving support..
  • Such a device is not capable of solving the edge-to-center temperature gradient problem which is the problem to which our invention is directed.
  • U.S. Patent 3,065,098 teaches cooling a continuous moving support by conveying it on a supporting cushion of air flowing from perforations in a plurality of hollow stationary tubes. Air is drawn downwardly into the space between adjacent tubes by a suction device which establishes a different pressure on the two sides of the support, causing it to move in an undulated path.
  • the cooling effect is produced solely by transfer of heat from the support to the air cushion, and thus is somewhat limited in effectiveness.
  • tnis device is not capable of providing a uniform coating because unstable air flow is created between the tube and the moving support causing the support to vibrate, resulting in disruption of the emulsion coating.
  • the present invention has as its object to provide improvement in unformity of heat transfer to or from a moving web, permitting more rapid and uniform setting of a coating on the web.
  • This object is achieved by causing a fluid, such as air, having a temperature different from that of the web to flow in contact with and substantially longitudinally of the web and along its entire width.
  • a fluid such as air
  • the advantage of such an arrangement is that it greatly reduces the temperature gradient across the web which occurred heretofore.
  • the invention reduces variations in the characteristics of a coating across the width of the web, and results in greatly improved uniformity particularly with respect to photographic coatings.
  • the invention provides an additional advantage when used in photographic coating. Since contact with the rollers is important for heat transfer, the length of support "chilled" during the period of time the rollers require to reach an equilibrium temperature following machine startup must be discarded due to non-uniform beat transfer. This constitutes waste to the manufacturer.
  • Tne invention provides a method for changing the temperature of a moving, continuous web wherein the web is transported with one side in contact with a pair of spaced, parallel rollers and a pressure differential is established between opposite sides of the web, thereby causing the section of web which extends between said rollers to deflect to provide a predetermined angle of contact of the web with the rollers, said method being characterized in that a fluid which has a temperature different from that of the web is caused to flow substantially longitudinally along and in contact with the lower pressure side of said section substantially across the entire width thereof.
  • a hollow housing is positioned between adjacent rollers with one surface adjacent to the web and extending the entire width of the web.
  • the housing has one or more fluid discharge openings in the surface adjacent to the web and at least one fluid inlet opening.
  • a fluid pressure condition is established on the side of the web contacting the rollers to cause fluid to be drawn into the housing through the fluid inlet opening(s).
  • This fluid pressure also causes fluid to be drawn from the bousing through the fluid discharge opening(s) to establish a flow of fluid in a direction substantially longitudinally of the web, in the space between the web and bousing surface, to cause uniform widtbwise beat transfer.
  • a fan is used to provide fluid, such as air, to the inlet opening of the housing to enhance control of the flow of air in to space between the web and the housing surface.
  • fluid from the bousing is also directed against adjacent rollers, thereby further heating or cooling the rollers.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective with a portion broken away, of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus for beating or cooling a moving continuous web;
  • Figure 2 is a segmental top plan view of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic side sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1 with a portion broken away.
  • Figure 4 is a segmental schematic side sectional view of another embodiment of the apparatus of this invention with a portion broken away;
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the variation of web temperature widtbwise across the web with no air flow from the elongated bousing of the apparatus.
  • Figure 6 is a graph showing the variation of web temperature widtbwise across the web under the influence of an air flow from the elongated housing the apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises a plurality of spaced support members such as parallel rollers 10 disposed in a horizontal plane for supporting the web 12.
  • the web 12 is conveyed lengthwise across rollers 10 by suitable means such as a drive roller 14 coupled to a drive means 16.
  • Fluid (such as air) flow means comprising an elongated bousing 18 is positioned between adjacent rollers 10.
  • Each bousing 18 has a rectangular cross-section and a length approximately the same as that of the rollers and sufficient to cover the entire width of the web.
  • the housing 18 further has one or more discharge openings 20 in. an upper surface 22 adjacent to the web.
  • the discharge openings 20 are preferably arranged in a plurality of rows. These discharge openings are countersunk (not shown) on the inside of the housing to prevent whistling upon passage of air through the openings.
  • the discharge openings 20 may comprise one or more elongated openings extending along the length of the housing.
  • the housing 18 may have a cross-section other than rectangular, such as triangular, for example, provided the upper surface 22 faces the web along a length of the web.
  • the upper surface 22 of housing 18 also has an air inlet opening 24 located laterally outside the edges of the web.
  • the inlet opening 24 may be located at any other suitable exposed area of the bousing which is not covered by the web, such as the end of the housing.
  • housing 18 can also be pressurized by having air inlet opening 24 connected to fan 37 capable of supplying 1 to 1.025 atmospheres of air (absolute pressure) preferably 1.007 to 1.01 atmospheres of air (absolute pressure).
  • the rollers 10 and housings 18 are closely spaced with a small gap or space between each housing and its adjacent rollers.
  • the gap or space is illustrated in the drawing in exaggerated form, being enlarged in relation to the size of the rollers 10 and housings 18 for purposes of clarity.
  • the housings 18 and rollers 10 are mounted in the open upper portion of a chamber 26 (Figs. 1 and 2), rigidly mounted by any suitable means, not shown, within a room 34.
  • the upper surface 22 of each housing is spaced a predetermined amount below a horizontal plane extending through the tops of rollers 10 adjacent the housing.
  • the chamber 26 forms a part of the means for establishing a pressure differential at opposite sides of web 12.
  • the chamber 26 comprises two end walls 21, and two side walls 23, only a portion being shown in Figs. 1-3, and supports the ends of rollers 10 and housings 18. The support is accomplished by having stub shafts 13, 15 at the ends of the rollers 10 and housings 18, respectively, rest within complementary notches 17, 19, respectively, in the side walls 23.
  • Chamber 26 has a lower wall 25 and upper wall projections 27 defining the aforementioned open upper portion opposite lower wall 25. The open portion of chamber 26 is effectively closed off by rollers 10 and housings 18 spanning side walls 23, and by web 12 as it is conveyed in contact with the rollers.
  • the web width is less than the distance beween air inlet openings 24 so that the openings are uncovered and in fluid communication with room 34 to provide air at atmospheric pressure.
  • air inlet openings 24 can be connected to fan 37 inwbicb case the web may extend beyond openings 24.
  • the chamber 26 is connected by a conduit 28 to a suction device 30, such as an exhaust fan, to reduce the fluid or air pressure in chamber 26 below the air pressure maintained within room 34. Since the pressure within room 34 is preferably atmospheric pressure, the reduced air pressure within chamber 26 is preferably subatmospberic. Naturally, if a fan is connected to air inlet opening 24, the pressure within chamber 26 need not be subatmospberic.
  • the reduced, preferably subatmospneric, air pressure produced in chamber 26 has several functions.
  • the web sections extending between adjacent rollers 10 to be deflected by the higher preferably atmospheric pressure above the web to produce a predetermined angle of contact of the web with the rollers.
  • the exact angle of contact is influenced, for example, by parameters such as the fluid pressure differential above and below the web and by the tension of the web supplied by the drive means 14, 16.
  • the amount of deflection of the web sections is controlled so that the web sections do not rub or engage the upper surface 22 of housing 18.
  • the pressure differential between the air pressure in room 34 and the reucked air pressure established in chamber 26 also causes air to enter into a cavity 32 within housing 18 through air inlet openings 24 and to be drawn tnrough air discbarge openings 20 to produce a heat ing or cooling air flow (depending upon the temperature of the web and air).
  • the beating or cooling air flow from air discbarge openings 20 passes through the space between the lower surface of web 12 and the upper surface 22 of bousing 18 substantially longitudinally of the web along and in proximity to the entire width of the side of the web section contacting the rollers.
  • the heating or cooling air flow reaches the center portion of the web, as well as t ⁇ e edges of tne web, thus improving the widthwise temperature uniformity of the web.
  • the portions of the gaps between rollers 10 and housings 18 and upper wall projections 27, and oetween the roller ends and side walls 23 are uncovered between the web edges and side walls 23 (Fig. 2) resulting in some air leakage through them into chamber 26, the area of such uncovered gap portions is negligible in relation to the entire system and does not unduly affect the operation of the apparatus.
  • Tfte room 34 within which the apparatus of this invention is preferably enclosed is maintained at a predetermined temperature by any suitable means.
  • the preferably solid metallic rollers 10 attain the predetermined room temperature within a short period of time, and act as beat or cold sinks for heating or cooling the web.
  • the amount of beating or cooling of the web by the rollers 10 is dependent, for example, upon the temperature of the rollers, the nature of the web, and the angle of web wrap or contact with the rollers.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention.
  • housing 18 has fluid discharge openings 36, such as slots, in its side surfaces adjacent to rollers 10. These fluid discbarge openings 36 are in addition to air discharge openings 20 facing web 12. Fluid is withdrawn not only through openings 20, but also through fluid discbarge openings 36 by the reduced pressure within chamber 26 and directed against adjacent rollers 10, for assisting in beating or cooling the rollers.
  • Figures 5 and 6 are plots of web temperature in degrees Celsius over the width of the web from each side of the web centerline for a web chilling application utilizing apparatus of the type illustrated in Figs. 1-3.
  • the web temperatures for both tests were monitored by the same temperature sensing means under the same operating conditions such as type and temperature of the emulsion coating, web tension, room temperature, pressures, etc.
  • Figure 5 illustrates test results wherein air discharge openings 20 were closed off so that no air flow came into contact with the moving web.
  • the air discharge openings 20 were open and a web cooling air flow according, to our invention was produced.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the considerable temperature gradient which exists be tween the highest value at the web centerline and lowest value at the web edges when no air flow engages the web from air discharge openings 20.
  • Figure 5 also illustrates that the temperature rapidly falls from a high centerline value to lower readings at the edge, clearly illustrating a temperature gradient across the entire width of the web.
  • a temperature gradient produces non-uniformities in coating characteristics that are particularly troublesome when the web is coated with a photographic emulsion.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a substantial "smoothing out" of this widtbwise temperature gradient due to the use of the cooling air flow provided by the elongated housings 18 between rollers 12 as described above. In the case of webs coated with photographic emulsion, a reduced temperature gradient decreases non-uniform drying and non-uniform photographic sensitometric effects across the width of the web.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu (12). L'appareil comprend une chambre (26) dans laquelle sont montes des rouleaux paralleles espaces (10) en contact avec un cote du ruban et un boitier (18) dispose entre les deux rouleaux adjacents et presentant une surface superieure perforee (22) tres proche du cote du ruban en contact avec les rouleaux sur toute la largeur de ce ruban. Un dispositif d'aspiration (30) en communication avec la chambre (26) etablit une difference entre les pressions regnant de chaque cote du ruban (12) afin de deflechir la partie du ruban qui s'etend entre les rouleaux adjacents (10) afin que le contact du ruban et des rouleaux se fasse selon un angle determine. Ledit dispositif d'aspiration (30) est en communication avec le boitier allonge (18) et provoque le retrait du fluide de ce boitier. Le fluide est a une temperature differente de celle du ruban et s'ecoule de facon sensiblement longitudinale par rapport au ruban et a proximite de toute la largeur de la partie du ruban qui se trouve entre les deux rouleaux.
PCT/US1980/001350 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu WO1982001410A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU70782/81A AU540435B2 (en) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Method and apparatus for changing the temperature of a movingcontinuous web
BR8009116A BR8009116A (pt) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Processo e aparelho para variar a temperatura de uma tira continua em movimento
PCT/US1980/001350 WO1982001410A1 (fr) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu
EP19810901013 EP0062637B1 (fr) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu
DE8181901013T DE3071866D1 (en) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Method and apparatus for changing the temperature of a moving continuous web
JP81501430A JPS57501547A (fr) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOUS80/01350801010 1980-10-10
PCT/US1980/001350 WO1982001410A1 (fr) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1982001410A1 true WO1982001410A1 (fr) 1982-04-29

Family

ID=22154593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1980/001350 WO1982001410A1 (fr) 1980-10-10 1980-10-10 Procede et appareil permettant de modifier la temperature d'un ruban continu

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0062637B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57501547A (fr)
AU (1) AU540435B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8009116A (fr)
DE (1) DE3071866D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1982001410A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4012176C2 (de) * 1990-04-14 2000-08-17 Pagendarm Technologie Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Behandeln einer beschichteten Substratbahn
CN117553542A (zh) * 2024-01-12 2024-02-13 海阳科技股份有限公司 一种锦纶帘子布用对流式干燥装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6975313B2 (ja) * 2018-03-06 2021-12-01 富士フイルム株式会社 温度調整装置及び方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2727317A (en) * 1953-04-16 1955-12-20 Offen Bernard Cooling mechanism for web supporting rollers of dryers
US3065098A (en) * 1960-03-21 1962-11-20 Eastman Kodak Co Method for coating webs
US3733711A (en) * 1971-09-07 1973-05-22 Scapa Dryers Ltd Apparatus for and method of treating a web
US3738018A (en) * 1972-04-05 1973-06-12 Agfa Gevaert Ag Drying arrangement on machines for coating supporting webs, more especially with photographic emulsions

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3434225A (en) * 1967-09-05 1969-03-25 Logetronics Inc Drier for film processors
US3668788A (en) * 1970-08-20 1972-06-13 Tadashi Kobayashi Method and apparatus for drying wavily running strip with hot blasts
US4231164A (en) * 1978-08-31 1980-11-04 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus and method for uniformly heating or cooling a moving web

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2727317A (en) * 1953-04-16 1955-12-20 Offen Bernard Cooling mechanism for web supporting rollers of dryers
US3065098A (en) * 1960-03-21 1962-11-20 Eastman Kodak Co Method for coating webs
US3733711A (en) * 1971-09-07 1973-05-22 Scapa Dryers Ltd Apparatus for and method of treating a web
US3738018A (en) * 1972-04-05 1973-06-12 Agfa Gevaert Ag Drying arrangement on machines for coating supporting webs, more especially with photographic emulsions

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0062637A4 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4012176C2 (de) * 1990-04-14 2000-08-17 Pagendarm Technologie Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Behandeln einer beschichteten Substratbahn
CN117553542A (zh) * 2024-01-12 2024-02-13 海阳科技股份有限公司 一种锦纶帘子布用对流式干燥装置
CN117553542B (zh) * 2024-01-12 2024-04-05 海阳科技股份有限公司 一种锦纶帘子布用对流式干燥装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8009116A (pt) 1982-08-24
EP0062637B1 (fr) 1986-12-17
EP0062637A4 (fr) 1983-06-15
EP0062637A1 (fr) 1982-10-20
AU7078281A (en) 1982-05-11
AU540435B2 (en) 1984-11-15
DE3071866D1 (en) 1987-01-29
JPS57501547A (fr) 1982-08-26

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