WO1982000812A1 - Monohull motor boat - Google Patents
Monohull motor boat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1982000812A1 WO1982000812A1 PCT/FR1981/000101 FR8100101W WO8200812A1 WO 1982000812 A1 WO1982000812 A1 WO 1982000812A1 FR 8100101 W FR8100101 W FR 8100101W WO 8200812 A1 WO8200812 A1 WO 8200812A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ship
- propellant
- vessel
- gas
- hull
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a monohull motor ship.
- the invention relates to a ship comprising an engine which actuates a propellant bearing on the water.
- This propellant can be a propeller or a planing wing moved vertically in an alternating movement and housed in a box open forwards and backwards. It can also be a reactor.
- the present invention aims to make a ship using gas injection under the hull, and in which the drawbacks associated with the propellant are eliminated.
- the monohull motor ship comprises at least one motor for actuating a propellant supported on the water, and blowing means for injecting a gas under at least the rear half of the hull of the ship.
- I1 is characterized in that the propellant is located outside the part of the hull under which the gas is injected.
- the propellant works in a dense medium, therefore with good efficiency.
- all the risks of cavitation linked to the injection of air are eliminated and the deterioration of the propellant is no longer to be feared.
- the propellant is located under the hull of the ship, in front of the part of the hull under which the gas is injected.
- the bottom of the ship is concave downward and comprises at least one portion of cylinder with an axis parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship, so as to properly hold the gas blanket.
- the bottom of the ship can advantageously include two cylinder portions with a concavity directed downwards and substantially symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship, according to a profile called "seagull wing".
- the propellant may include a rearward directed gas ejector, or a propeller, or a device with a planing wing movable in a box open towards the front and towards the rear of the ship, such as that described in French Patent No. 1,418,806.
- the propellant is adjustable.
- the directional effect is also achievable by a rudder located in the front half of the ship, and aft of the propellant.
- the ship can also advantageously comprise two daggerboards arranged obliquely and symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship, located in the front half of the ship behind the propellant and selectively liftable.
- This characteristic allows, in rectilinear operation, to suppress the drag of the rudder.
- the propellant is vertically adjustable in position, according to a more or less accentuated planing.
- the ship comprises two propellants aligned one behind the other along the longitudinal axis of the ship, the propellant located at the rear being a speed propellant, and the propellant located at the forward being a thruster.
- the ship comprises an inclined rear deck to allow the boarding of a water skier, this arrangement being made possible by the absence of a propeller at the rear.
- two hollow side pins are provided extending on either side of the bottom, connected to the blowing means and pierced with holes on their wall facing the longitudinal median plane of the ship.
- these pins are also pierced with holes on their walls facing the outside of the ship, and the sides of the ship are inclined, from bottom to top, towards the outside of this ship. In this way, a gas mattress is produced in the best conditions, both under the ship and on its sides.
- the bottom of the ship has a gas injection nozzle located in the third ararid ⁇ ship, aft of the propellant, directed towards the rear of the ship, connected to the blowing means, and extending between the two keels.
- the gas injection nozzle advantageously comprises two lips extending transversely to the vessel, one being movable relative to the other.
- Figure 1 is an elevational view in partial section of a ship according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a sectional view along II-II of Figure 1; .
- Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but according to an alternative embodiment of the bottom;
- Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1, but according to an alternative embodiment of the blowing;
- Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, but in an embodiment with two propellants;
- Figure 6 is a view along VI-VI of Figure 5.
- Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment of Figures 5 and 6;
- Figure 8 is a bottom view of a ship with two retractable fins, along line VIII-VIII of Figure 9; .
- Figure 9 is a sectional view along line IX-IX of Figure 8; .
- Figure 10 is an elevational view in partial section of a ship for towing water skiers;
- Figure 11 is an elevational view of a large tonnage vessel according to the invention.
- Figure 12 is a sectional view along XII-XII of Figure 11;
- Figure 13 is an enlarged sectional view of the bow of the ship of Figure 11;
- Figure 14 is a bottom view, along XIV-XIV of Figure 13;
- Figure 15 is a sectional view along XV-XV of Figure 14;
- Figure 16 is a detail view, partially broken away, of one of the hollow skittles of Figures 11 to 14;
- Figure 17 is an enlarged partial view, in longitudinal section along XVII-XVII of Figure 14, at the blowing nozzle;
- FIG 18 is a simplified sectional view of a planing wing propellant.
- a ship 1 includes a heat engine 2 actuating a propeller propeller 3 located in the fore third of the ship.
- a windsock 4 allows air to enter through louvers 5 when the ship is in motion. This air is guided in ducts 6 to lead to a nozzle 7 located behind the propeller, directed towards the rear of the ship and extending transversely over practically the entire width of the bottom 8 of the ship. This bottom has a concavity directed downwards over the entire width of the ship ( Figure 2).
- a slat 9 is fixed along the shell to combat the effect of the valve.
- the bottom is made in the form of two symmetrical cylindrical parts 8a, 8b having a common central edge, according to a profile called "seagull wing”.
- the propeller being located outside the part of the hull under which the air is injected, it operates in a dense medium, with its best efficiency. On the other hand, it is free from shocks due to bubbles and does not risk cavitation.
- a vessel 11 having a concave bottom 12 comprises a compressor 13 sucking air through louvers 14 and discharging it through ducts 15 towards two nozzles 16, 17 extending over all the width of the bottom and located one behind the other. These two nozzles are selectively closable.
- a propeller 18, coupled to a motor not shown, is adjustable in depth by known mechanical means.
- This arrangement makes it possible to use a propeller with a large pitch without knowing the drawbacks of this type of propeller at low speeds, that is to say a "stuffing" of the propeller and poor efficiency.
- the propeller is placed in the high position and the nozzle 16 is opened.
- the propeller 18 sends its jet into an air mattress which is already leaking towards the rear, which allows it not to "stuff", c that is to say to operate at its real step, and not at an apparent step which would result from the friction of the propeller jet in the surrounding water.
- a ship 21 with a concave bottom 22 is provided with two propellers 23, 24 placed one behind the other in the axis of the ship and actuated by respective motors 25, 26 placed obliquely for reasons of space.
- Means similar to those described above are provided for producing an air mattress under the bottom 22 behind the propellers.
- the front propeller 23 is at small pitch and the rear propeller 24 is at large pitch, so as to constitute respectively a thruster and a speed propeller.
- FIG. 7 shows the respective thrusts P of these propellers, as a function of the speed V of the ship, following curves C23 and C24.
- the thrust of the propeller 23 is largely preponderant, while at high speed this propeller is screwed into the water without reaction and no longer has a propulsive effect, only the propeller 24 having such an effect .
- the propeller 23 blows the propeller 24 forward, which allows the latter to have a significant thrust at low speed before regaining its characteristics of high pitch at high speed.
- the propellers are rotatably mounted around a vertical axis in order to steer the ship. This directional effect is obtained with a large lever arm with respect to the uneven edges of the rear part which, in turn, effectively brake the centrifugal skid of the ship.
- a ship 31, seen from below in FIG. 8, has a concave bottom 32 and is actuated by a propeller 33 located in the front third and actuated by a motor not shown.
- the ship also includes blowing devices (not shown) of the type described above.
- Ship 31 also includes two drift wells
- a ship 41 having a concave bottom 42, is provided with a propeller 43 located approximately one third before. It further comprises a blowing device as described above to provide an air mattress under the hull aft of the propeller.
- a winch 44 is wound a cable 45 provided with a handle 46 intended to drive a water skier.
- a handle 46 intended to drive a water skier.
- an inclined bridge formed by rollers 47 allows the skis 48 to dock.
- the skier can easily land on the ship, without any danger since the propeller is located at the front, far from the collision point.
- a vessel 51 has a concave bottom 52 limited on its sides by hollow pins 53. These pins have holes 54 (FIG. 16) facing the longitudinal median plane 55 of the vessel and provided with nozzles 56 directed at 45 ° towards the aft of the vessel and slightly upward so as to be approximately parallel to the concave bottom 52 in the vicinity of the edges of this bottom.
- Holes 57 are also made in the pins 53 on the walls facing the exterior of the ship and are provided with nozzles 58 directed substantially parallel to the sides 59 of the ship and at 45 ° to the rear.
- the sides 59 of the ship are themselves inclined, widening upwards (FIG. 12).
- the keels 53 are connected by pipes to compressors 61 (FIG. 12) housed in the ship.
- a transverse nozzle 62 (FIG. 17) is located in the forward third of the ship. It is directed towards the rear of the ship and is situated, relative to the normal direction of travel of the ship, behind the propeller 63 (driven by a motor 70) and the rudder rudders 64.
- the nozzle 62 is in communication with the compressors 11 and it consists of a fixed lower lip 65 and an upper lip 66 movable by sliding on the bottom 52, so as to be able to vary the space between the lips, which determines the blowing section.
- each of the pins 53 ( Figure 16) is located an axial shaft 67 which carries, opposite each hole 54, a drum 68 pierced with a hole 69 forming a shutter.
- the keels 53 extend beyond the nozzle at 53a (FIG. 15) up to the stem, but, from the nozzle, they no longer have an orifice and nozzles directed inward.
- the air blown from the various nozzles constitutes, under the bottom 52, a well distributed mattress, as well as along the sides 59, so that most of the shell is thus "lubricated" by the air.
- the propeller 63 operates in open water, outside the air mattress, and is therefore not subject to any risk of cavitation or shock which could deteriorate it.
- the blowing cooperates in advancement. If the vessel tends to sink, the widened parts 72 and 73, when immersed, immediately exhibit greater resistance to sinking.
- the frequency used is between 0.1 and 3 Hz or between 10 and 30 Hz.
- the invention also advantageously provides for connecting the pins 53 to reservoirs of cleaning product to allow fairing on the high seas.
- the bottom 52 can be composed of concave grooves.
- the fluid injected under the shell can be other than air, and for example include the engine exhaust gases, the engine being connected to the blowing nozzles by suitable pipes.
- the propellant may not be a propeller, but for example a device in accordance with that described in French Patent No. 1,418,806.
- a device comprises a box 74 (FIG. 18) fixed to the hull and open towards the forward and backward.
- a planing wing 75 is articulated on a rod 76 driven by an alternating vertical movement. The alternative inclination of the wing 75 causes, with the upper and lower walls of the box, a wedge of water which advances the ship.
- the concave bottom 8, 12, 42, 52 substantially straight and horizontal in the gas injection zone can then be curved upwards until the rear end of the hull.
- the motor for actuating mechanical thrusters is not necessarily a heat engine, but could be electric.
- the propulsion could be carried out by ejection of gas into the water by means of an ejector directed towards the rear.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
Monohull motor boat comprising a motor (2) for actuating a propeller (3) and an air hose (4) to inject air under the rear part of the hull (8) through a nozzle (7). The propeller (3) is located before the air blowing area to allow its operation in a dense medium, without any risk of cavitation and damaging shocks. Application to motor boats of any tonnage.
Description
Navire à moteur monocoque Monohull motor ship
La présente invention concerne un navire à moteur monocoque.The present invention relates to a monohull motor ship.
Plus précisément, l'invention vise un navire compre nant un moteur qui actionne un propulseur prenant appui sur l'eau. Ce propulseur peut être une hélice ou une aile planante déplacée verticalement dans un mouvement alternatif et logée dans un caisson ouvert vers l'avant et vers l'arrière. Il peut aussi être un réacteur.More specifically, the invention relates to a ship comprising an engine which actuates a propellant bearing on the water. This propellant can be a propeller or a planing wing moved vertically in an alternating movement and housed in a box open forwards and backwards. It can also be a reactor.
Un des problèmes les plus sérieux concernant l'avan cernent des navires est celui de la résistance de frottement exercée par l'eau sur la coque. On a tenté de résoudre ce problème en injectant un gaz sous la coque, en général de l'air, de manière à réaliser, entre l'eau et la coque, un matelas d'air, ou au moins une émulsion eau-air, qui pro-cure une véritable lubrification.One of the most serious problems concerning the advancement of ships is that of the frictional resistance exerted by water on the hull. We tried to solve this problem by injecting a gas under the hull, generally air, so as to produce, between the water and the hull, an air mattress, or at least a water-air emulsion, which provides real lubrication.
En ce qui concerne les frottements, le résultat est satisfaisant, mais ce procédé fait apparaître un grave inconvénient. En effet, le propulseur travaille alors dans un milieu de faible densité, et son rendement est considérablement abaissé. En outre, des cavitations apparaissent sur l'hélice et provoquent rapidement sa destruction.With regard to friction, the result is satisfactory, but this process shows a serious drawback. Indeed, the propellant then works in a medium of low density, and its output is considerably lowered. In addition, cavitations appear on the propeller and quickly cause its destruction.
La présente invention vise à réaliser un navire utilisant une injection de gaz sous la coque, et dans lequel les inconvénients liés au propulseur soient éliminés Suivant l'invention, le navire à moteur monocoque comprend au moins un moteur pour actionner un propulseur prenant appui sur l'eau, et des moyens de soufflage pour injecter un gaz sous au moins la moitié arrière de la coque du navire. I1 est caractérisé en ce que le propulseur est situé en dehors de la partie de la coque sous laquelle on injecte le gaz.The present invention aims to make a ship using gas injection under the hull, and in which the drawbacks associated with the propellant are eliminated. According to the invention, the monohull motor ship comprises at least one motor for actuating a propellant supported on the water, and blowing means for injecting a gas under at least the rear half of the hull of the ship. I1 is characterized in that the propellant is located outside the part of the hull under which the gas is injected.
Grâce à cette disposition, le propulseur travaille dans un milieu dense, donc avec un bon rendement. En outre, tous les risques de cavitation liés à l'injection d'air sont éliminés et la détérioration du propulseur n'est plus à craindre.
Suivant une réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, le propulseur est situé sous la coque du navire, en avant de la partie de la coque sous, laquelle on injecte le gaz.Thanks to this arrangement, the propellant works in a dense medium, therefore with good efficiency. In addition, all the risks of cavitation linked to the injection of air are eliminated and the deterioration of the propellant is no longer to be feared. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the propellant is located under the hull of the ship, in front of the part of the hull under which the gas is injected.
Non seulement le soufflage de gaz n'est pas nuisible pour le propulseur, mais il produit un effet favorable positif en favorisant l'évacuation vers l'arrière du jet chassé par le propulseur.Not only is the blowing of gas not harmful to the propellant, but it produces a positive favorable effect by promoting the evacuation towards the rear of the jet expelled by the propellant.
Suivant une réalisation préférée de l'invention, le fond du navire est concave vers le bas et comprend au moins une portion de cylindre d'axe parallèle au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire, de manière à retenir convenablement le matelas de gaz.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the ship is concave downward and comprises at least one portion of cylinder with an axis parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship, so as to properly hold the gas blanket.
Le fond du navire peut avantageusement comprendre deux portions de cylindre à concavité dirigée vers le bas et sensiblement symétriques par rapport au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire, suivant un profil dit "en aile de mouette".The bottom of the ship can advantageously include two cylinder portions with a concavity directed downwards and substantially symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship, according to a profile called "seagull wing".
Suivant différentes versions, le propulseur peut comprendre un éjecteur de gaz dirigé vers l'arrière, ou une hélice, ou encore un dispositif à aile planante mobile dans un caisson ouvert vers l'avant et vers l'arrière du navire, tel que celui décrit dans le brevet français n° 1 418 806.According to different versions, the propellant may include a rearward directed gas ejector, or a propeller, or a device with a planing wing movable in a box open towards the front and towards the rear of the ship, such as that described in French Patent No. 1,418,806.
Dans tous les cas, il est avantageux que le propul- seur soit orientable.In all cases, it is advantageous for the propellant to be adjustable.
L'effet directionnel est également réalisable par un safran situé dans la moitié avant du navire, et en arrière du propulseur.The directional effect is also achievable by a rudder located in the front half of the ship, and aft of the propellant.
Le navire peut encore comprendre avantageusement deux dérives disposées obliquement et symétriquement par rapport au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire, situées dans la moitié avant du navire en arrière du propulseur et relevables sélectivement.The ship can also advantageously comprise two daggerboards arranged obliquely and symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship, located in the front half of the ship behind the propellant and selectively liftable.
Cette caractéristique permet,en marche rectiligne, de supprimer la traînée du safran.This characteristic allows, in rectilinear operation, to suppress the drag of the rudder.
Suivant une réalisation préférée de l'invention, le propulseur est réglable verticalement en position, en fonction d'un déjaugeage plus ou moins accentué.
Suivant une réalisation perfectionnée de l'invention, le navire comprend deux propulseurs alignés l'un derrière l'autre suivant l'axe longitudinal du navire, le propulseur situé à l'arrière étant un propulseur de vitesse, et le propulseur situé à l'avant étant un propulseur de poussée.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the propellant is vertically adjustable in position, according to a more or less accentuated planing. According to an improved embodiment of the invention, the ship comprises two propellants aligned one behind the other along the longitudinal axis of the ship, the propellant located at the rear being a speed propellant, and the propellant located at the forward being a thruster.
Dans une réalisation particulière de l'invention, le navire comprend un pont arrière incliné pour permettre l'abordage d'un skieur nautique, cette disposition étant permise par l'absence d'hélice à l'arrière.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the ship comprises an inclined rear deck to allow the boarding of a water skier, this arrangement being made possible by the absence of a propeller at the rear.
Dans une application destinée plus particulièrement aux navires de tonnage important, il est prévu deux quilles latérales creuses s' étendant de part et d'autre du fond, reliées aux moyens de soufflage et percées de trous sur leur paroi faisant face au plan médian longitudinal du navire. De préférence, ces quilles sont également percées de trous sur leurs parois faisant face à l'extérieur du navire, et les flancs du navire sont inclinés, de bas en haut, vers l'extérieur de ce navire. De cette façon, on réalise un matelas de gaz dans les meilleures conditions, à la fois sous le navire et sur ses flancs.In an application intended more particularly for ships of large tonnage, two hollow side pins are provided extending on either side of the bottom, connected to the blowing means and pierced with holes on their wall facing the longitudinal median plane of the ship. Preferably, these pins are also pierced with holes on their walls facing the outside of the ship, and the sides of the ship are inclined, from bottom to top, towards the outside of this ship. In this way, a gas mattress is produced in the best conditions, both under the ship and on its sides.
En outre, le fond du navire comporte une buse d'injection de gaz située dans le tiers araridα navire, en arrière du propulseur, dirigée vers l'arrière du navire, reliée aux moyens de soufflage, et s'étendant entre les deux quilles transversalement au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire La buse d'injection de gaz comprend avantageusement deux lèvres s'étendant transversalement au navire, l'une étant mobile par rapport à l'autre.In addition, the bottom of the ship has a gas injection nozzle located in the third araridα ship, aft of the propellant, directed towards the rear of the ship, connected to the blowing means, and extending between the two keels. in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vessel The gas injection nozzle advantageously comprises two lips extending transversely to the vessel, one being movable relative to the other.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention ressortiront encore de la description détaillée qui va suivre.Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which follows.
Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs:In the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples:
. la figure 1 est une vue en élévation avec coupe partielle d'un navire conforme à l'invention;. Figure 1 is an elevational view in partial section of a ship according to the invention;
. la figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant II-II de la figure 1;
. la figure 3 est une vue analogue à la figure 2, mais suivant une variante de réalisation du fond;. Figure 2 is a sectional view along II-II of Figure 1; . Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but according to an alternative embodiment of the bottom;
. la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 1, mais suivant une variante de réalisation du soufflage; . la figure 5 est une vue analogueà la figure 1, mais dans une réalisation à deux propulseurs;. Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1, but according to an alternative embodiment of the blowing; . Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, but in an embodiment with two propellants;
. la figure 6 est une vue suivant VI-VI de la figure 5 ;. Figure 6 is a view along VI-VI of Figure 5;
. la figure 7 est un diagramme servant à expliquer le fonctionnement de la réalisation des figures 5 et 6;. Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment of Figures 5 and 6;
. la figure 8 est une vue de dessous d'un navire à deux dérives escamotables, suivant VIII-VIII de la figure 9; . la figure 9 est une vue en coupe suivant IX-IX de la figure 8; . la figure 10 est une vue en élévation avec coupe partielle d'un navire destiné au remorquage des skieurs nautiques;. Figure 8 is a bottom view of a ship with two retractable fins, along line VIII-VIII of Figure 9; . Figure 9 is a sectional view along line IX-IX of Figure 8; . Figure 10 is an elevational view in partial section of a ship for towing water skiers;
. la figure 11 est une vue en élévation d'un navire de tonnage important conforme à l'invention; . la figure 12 est une vue en coupe suivant XII-XII de la figure 11;. Figure 11 is an elevational view of a large tonnage vessel according to the invention; . Figure 12 is a sectional view along XII-XII of Figure 11;
. la figure 13 est une vue en coupe agrandie de la partie avant du navire de la figure 11;. Figure 13 is an enlarged sectional view of the bow of the ship of Figure 11;
. la figure 14 est une vue de dessous, suivant XIV-XIV de la figure 13;. Figure 14 is a bottom view, along XIV-XIV of Figure 13;
. la figure 15 est une vue en coupe suivant XV-XV de la figure 14;. Figure 15 is a sectional view along XV-XV of Figure 14;
. la figure 16 est une vue de détail, avec arraché partiel, d'une des quilles creuses des figures 11 à 14; . la figure 17 est une vue partielle agrandie, en coupe longitudinale suivant XVII-XVII de la figure 14 , au niveau de la buse de soufflage;. Figure 16 is a detail view, partially broken away, of one of the hollow skittles of Figures 11 to 14; . Figure 17 is an enlarged partial view, in longitudinal section along XVII-XVII of Figure 14, at the blowing nozzle;
. la figure 18 est une vue en coupe simplifiée d'u propulseur à aile planante. En référence aux figures 1 et 2, un navire 1
comprend un moteur thermique 2 actionnant une hélice propulsive 3 située dans le tiers avant du navire. Une manche à air 4 laisse entrer de l'air à travers des persiennes 5 quand le navire est en marche. Cet air est guidé dans des gaines 6 pour aboutir à une buse 7 située en arrière de l'hélice, dirigée vers l'arrière du navire et s' étendant transversalement sur pratiquement toute la largeur du fond 8 du navire. Ce fond présente une concavité dirigée vers le bas sur toute la largeur du navire (figure 2).. Figure 18 is a simplified sectional view of a planing wing propellant. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a ship 1 includes a heat engine 2 actuating a propeller propeller 3 located in the fore third of the ship. A windsock 4 allows air to enter through louvers 5 when the ship is in motion. This air is guided in ducts 6 to lead to a nozzle 7 located behind the propeller, directed towards the rear of the ship and extending transversely over practically the entire width of the bottom 8 of the ship. This bottom has a concavity directed downwards over the entire width of the ship (Figure 2).
Suivant une variante de réalisation, représentée sur la partie gauche de la figure 2, une latte 9 est fixée le long de la coque pour combattre l'effet du clapet.According to an alternative embodiment, shown on the left part of Figure 2, a slat 9 is fixed along the shell to combat the effect of the valve.
Suivant une autre variante (figure 3), le fond est réalisé sous la forme de deux parties symétriques cylindriques 8a, 8b ayant une arête centrale commune, suivant un profil dit "en aile de mouette".According to another variant (Figure 3), the bottom is made in the form of two symmetrical cylindrical parts 8a, 8b having a common central edge, according to a profile called "seagull wing".
Quand le navire avance, l'avant tend naturellement à déjauger. En outre, le vent apparent provoque un courant d'air dans la manche 4, qui a pour effet d'injecter de l'air sous la coque. Cet air, retenu notamment grâce au profil concave de la coque, constitue un matelas qui limite le contact de la coque avec 1 ' eau et diminue fortement le frottement. On a constaté que, grâce à ce système, la puissance consommée pouvait diminuer de moitié à performances égales.When the ship advances, the bow naturally tends to level off. In addition, the apparent wind causes an air current in the sleeve 4, which has the effect of injecting air under the hull. This air, retained in particular thanks to the concave profile of the shell, constitutes a mattress which limits the contact of the shell with water and greatly reduces friction. It has been found that, thanks to this system, the power consumed could decrease by half for equal performance.
En outre, l'hélice étant située en dehors de la partie de la coque sous laquelle on injecte l'air, elle fonctionne dans un milieu dense, avec son meilleur rendement. D'autre part, elle est exempte des chocs dus aux bulles et ne risque pas de cavitation.In addition, the propeller being located outside the part of the hull under which the air is injected, it operates in a dense medium, with its best efficiency. On the other hand, it is free from shocks due to bubbles and does not risk cavitation.
Suivant une autre réalisation (figure 4), un navire 11, possédant un fond concave 12, comporte un compresseur 13 aspirant de l'air par des persiennes 14 et le refoulant par des gaines 15 vers deux buses 16, 17 s'étendant sur toute la largeur du fond et situées l'une derrière l'autre. Ces deux buses sont obturables sélectivement.
Une hélice 18, couplée à un moteur non représenté, est réglable en profondeur par des moyens mécaniques connus.According to another embodiment (FIG. 4), a vessel 11, having a concave bottom 12, comprises a compressor 13 sucking air through louvers 14 and discharging it through ducts 15 towards two nozzles 16, 17 extending over all the width of the bottom and located one behind the other. These two nozzles are selectively closable. A propeller 18, coupled to a motor not shown, is adjustable in depth by known mechanical means.
Cette disposition permet d'utiliser une hélice à grand pas sans connaître les inconvénients de ce genre d'hélice aux faibles vitesses, c'est-à-dire un "bourrage" de l'hélice et un mauvais rendement.This arrangement makes it possible to use a propeller with a large pitch without knowing the drawbacks of this type of propeller at low speeds, that is to say a "stuffing" of the propeller and poor efficiency.
A faible vitesse, le navire déjauge peu. On place l'hélice en position haute et l'on ouvre la buse 16. L'hélice 18 envoie son jet dans un matelas d'air qui fuit déjà vers l'arrière, ce qui lui permet de ne pas "bourrer", c'est-à-dire de fonctionner à son pas réel, et non à un pas apparent qui résulterait du frottement du jet d'hélice dans l'eau environnante.At low speed, the vessel did not plan much. The propeller is placed in the high position and the nozzle 16 is opened. The propeller 18 sends its jet into an air mattress which is already leaking towards the rear, which allows it not to "stuff", c that is to say to operate at its real step, and not at an apparent step which would result from the friction of the propeller jet in the surrounding water.
A grande vitesse, le navire déjauge fortement. On ferme alors la buse 16 qui se trouve émergée et l'on ouvre la buse 17. En outre, on fait descendre l'hélice en l8a. Cette hélice fonctionne alors en eau profonde, sans que sa poussée soit influencée par le matelas d'air, qui se trouve alors éloigné. On bénéficie de cette façon dans une large gamme de vitesse des caractéristiques de puissance, de pous sée et de vitesse de l'hélice sans avoir recours à une hélice à pas variable.At high speed, the ship planes strongly. The nozzle 16 which is emerged is then closed and the nozzle 17 is opened. In addition, the propeller is lowered at 18a. This propeller then operates in deep water, without its thrust being influenced by the air mattress, which is then distant. This benefits in a wide speed range from the power, thrust and propeller speed characteristics without having to use a variable pitch propeller.
Suivant une autre variante de réalisation (figures 5 et 6), un navire 21 à fond concave 22 est muni de deux hélices 23, 24 placées l'une derrière l'autre dans l'axe du navire et actionnées par des moteurs respectifs 25, 26 pla cés obliquement pour des raisons d'encombrement. Des moyens analogues à ceux décrits plus haut sont prévus pour réaliser un matelas d'air sous le fond 22 en arrière des hélices. L'hélice avant 23 est à petit pas et l'hélice arrière 24 est à grand pas, de manière à constituer respectivement un propulseur de poussée et un propulseur de vitesse.According to another alternative embodiment (FIGS. 5 and 6), a ship 21 with a concave bottom 22 is provided with two propellers 23, 24 placed one behind the other in the axis of the ship and actuated by respective motors 25, 26 placed obliquely for reasons of space. Means similar to those described above are provided for producing an air mattress under the bottom 22 behind the propellers. The front propeller 23 is at small pitch and the rear propeller 24 is at large pitch, so as to constitute respectively a thruster and a speed propeller.
On a représenté sur la figure 7 les poussées res pectives P de ces hélices, en fonction de la vitesse V du
navire, suivant les courbes C23 et C24.FIG. 7 shows the respective thrusts P of these propellers, as a function of the speed V of the ship, following curves C23 and C24.
A faible vitesse, la poussée de l'hélice 23 est largement prépondérante, alors qu'à grande vitesse cette hélice se visse dans l'eau sans réaction et n'a plus d'effet propulsif, seule l'hélice 24 ayant un tel effet. Mais, déjà à faible vitesse, l'hélice 23 réalise un soufflage avant de l'hélice 24 qui permet à cette dernière d'avoir une poussée significative à faible vitesse avant de retrouver ses caractéristiques de grand pas à vitesse élevée. Dans toutes les réalisations précédemment décrites, il est prévu que les hélices sont montées rotativement autour d'un axe vertical en vue de diriger le navire. Cet effet directionnel est obtenu avec un grand bras de levier par rapport aux arêtes non déjaugées de la partie arrière qui, de leur côté, freinent efficacement le dérapage centrifuge du navire.At low speed, the thrust of the propeller 23 is largely preponderant, while at high speed this propeller is screwed into the water without reaction and no longer has a propulsive effect, only the propeller 24 having such an effect . However, already at low speed, the propeller 23 blows the propeller 24 forward, which allows the latter to have a significant thrust at low speed before regaining its characteristics of high pitch at high speed. In all the embodiments previously described, it is provided that the propellers are rotatably mounted around a vertical axis in order to steer the ship. This directional effect is obtained with a large lever arm with respect to the uneven edges of the rear part which, in turn, effectively brake the centrifugal skid of the ship.
On va maintenant décrire, en référence aux figures 8 et 9, un autre système de direction du navire.We will now describe, with reference to Figures 8 and 9, another ship steering system.
Un navire 31, vu par dessous sur la figure 8, posdède un fond concave 32 et est actionné par une hélice 33 située dans le tiers avant et actionnée par un moteur non représenté. Le navire comporte également des dispositifs de soufflage (non représentés) du genre de ceux décrits plus haut. Le navire 31 comprend encore deux puits de dériveA ship 31, seen from below in FIG. 8, has a concave bottom 32 and is actuated by a propeller 33 located in the front third and actuated by a motor not shown. The ship also includes blowing devices (not shown) of the type described above. Ship 31 also includes two drift wells
34 dans chacun desquels est montée une dérive coulissante 35.34 in each of which is mounted a sliding fin 35.
Ces puits sont obliques et symétriques par rapport au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire et ils sont situés dans la moitié avant du navire. En faisant descendre plus ou moins l'une ou l'autre de ces dérives, par des vérins 36, on agit sur le jet de l'hélice. Bien entendu, seule une des dérives est active et située dans le jet, l'autre restant escamotée dans la coque.These wells are oblique and symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship and they are located in the forward half of the ship. By lowering more or less one or the other of these drifts, by jacks 36, one acts on the jet of the propeller. Of course, only one of the fins is active and located in the jet, the other remaining retracted into the hull.
En référence à la figure 10, un navire 41, possédant un fond concave 42, est muni d'une hélice 43 située
approximativement au tiers avant. Il comporte en outre un dispositif de soufflage tel que décrit plus haut pour ménager un matelas d'air sous la coque en arrière de l'hélice. Sur un treuil 44 est enroulé un câble 45 muni d'une poignée 46 destinée à entraîner un skieur nautique. A l'arrière, un pont incliné formé de rouleaux 47 permet l'accostage des skis 48.Referring to Figure 10, a ship 41, having a concave bottom 42, is provided with a propeller 43 located approximately one third before. It further comprises a blowing device as described above to provide an air mattress under the hull aft of the propeller. On a winch 44 is wound a cable 45 provided with a handle 46 intended to drive a water skier. At the rear, an inclined bridge formed by rollers 47 allows the skis 48 to dock.
Le skieur peut aborder facilement sur le navire, sans aucun danger puisque l'hélice est située à l'avant, loin du point d'abordage.The skier can easily land on the ship, without any danger since the propeller is located at the front, far from the collision point.
On va maintenant décrire, en référence aux figures 11 à 17, un navire conforme à l'invention, mais de tonnage relativement important, tel qu'un bateau de pêche.We will now describe, with reference to Figures 11 to 17, a vessel according to the invention, but of relatively large tonnage, such as a fishing boat.
Un navire 51 présente un fond concave 52 limité sur ses côtés par des quilles creuses 53. Ces quilles présentent des orifices 54 (figure 16) faisant face au plan médian longitudinal 55 du navire et munis d'ajutages 56 dirigés à 45° vers l'arrière du navire et légèrement vers le haut de manière à être approximativement parallèles au fond concave 52 au voisinage des bords de ce fond.A vessel 51 has a concave bottom 52 limited on its sides by hollow pins 53. These pins have holes 54 (FIG. 16) facing the longitudinal median plane 55 of the vessel and provided with nozzles 56 directed at 45 ° towards the aft of the vessel and slightly upward so as to be approximately parallel to the concave bottom 52 in the vicinity of the edges of this bottom.
Des orifices 57 sont également pratiqués dans les quilles 53 sur les parois faisant face à l'extérieur du navire et sont munis d'ajutages 58 dirigés sensiblement parallèlement aux flancs 59 du navire et à 45° vers l'arrière. Les flancs 59 du navire sont eux-mêmes inclinés, allant en s'évasant vers le haut (figure 12).Holes 57 are also made in the pins 53 on the walls facing the exterior of the ship and are provided with nozzles 58 directed substantially parallel to the sides 59 of the ship and at 45 ° to the rear. The sides 59 of the ship are themselves inclined, widening upwards (FIG. 12).
Les quilles 53 sont reliées par des tuyauteries à des compresseurs 61 (figure 12) logés dans le navire.The keels 53 are connected by pipes to compressors 61 (FIG. 12) housed in the ship.
Une buse transversale 62 (figure 17) est située dans le tiers avant du navire. Elle est dirigée vers l'arrière du navire et est située, par rapport au sens de marche normal du navire, en arrière de l'hélice propulsive 63 (animée par un moteur 70) et des safrans du gouvernail 64. La buse 62 est en communication avec les compresseurs 11 et elle est constituée d'une lèvre inférieure 65 fixe et
d'une lèvre supérieure 66 mobile par glissement sur le fond 52, de manière à pouvoir faire varier l'espace entre les lèvres, ce qui détermine la section de soufflage.A transverse nozzle 62 (FIG. 17) is located in the forward third of the ship. It is directed towards the rear of the ship and is situated, relative to the normal direction of travel of the ship, behind the propeller 63 (driven by a motor 70) and the rudder rudders 64. The nozzle 62 is in communication with the compressors 11 and it consists of a fixed lower lip 65 and an upper lip 66 movable by sliding on the bottom 52, so as to be able to vary the space between the lips, which determines the blowing section.
Dans chacune des quilles 53 (figure 16) est situé un arbre axial 67 qui porte, en face de chaque trou 54, un tambour 68 percé d'un trou 69 formant obturateur. L'arbreIn each of the pins 53 (Figure 16) is located an axial shaft 67 which carries, opposite each hole 54, a drum 68 pierced with a hole 69 forming a shutter. The tree
67 porte une hélice 71 animée par le débit d'air soufflé dans la quille de manière à faire fonctionner le tambour67 carries a propeller 71 driven by the flow of air blown into the keel so as to operate the drum
68 en obturateur périodique. Les quilles 53 se prolongent au-delà de la buse en 53a (figure 15) jusqu'à l'étrave, mais, à partir de la buse, elles ne comportent plus d'orifice et d'ajutages dirigés vers l'intérieur.68 in periodic shutter. The keels 53 extend beyond the nozzle at 53a (FIG. 15) up to the stem, but, from the nozzle, they no longer have an orifice and nozzles directed inward.
Tout le long du navire, et en particulier dans la région de l'étrave, l'inclinaison des flancs sur la verticale est très faible, juste nécessaire pour coller à la paroi les bulles de soufflage, mais sans introduire d'effet de portance dynamique notable.All along the ship, and in particular in the region of the bow, the inclination of the sides on the vertical is very small, just necessary to stick the air bubbles to the wall, but without introducing a dynamic lift effect notable.
Enfin, au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison, les flancs et l'étrave changent de pente en s'éloignant davantage de la verticale, suivant 72 et 73.Finally, above the waterline, the flanks and the bow change slope, moving further away from the vertical, along lines 72 and 73.
En fonctionnement, l'air soufflé à partir des divers ajutages constitue, sous le fond 52, un matelas bien réparti, ainsi que le long des flancs 59, de sorte que la majeure partie de la coque se trouve ainsi "lubrifiée" par l'air. Cependant, l'hélice 63 fonctionne en pleine eau, en dehors du matelas d'air, et n'est ainsi soumise à aucun risque de cavitation ou de choc qui pourrait la détériorer.In operation, the air blown from the various nozzles constitutes, under the bottom 52, a well distributed mattress, as well as along the sides 59, so that most of the shell is thus "lubricated" by the air. However, the propeller 63 operates in open water, outside the air mattress, and is therefore not subject to any risk of cavitation or shock which could deteriorate it.
Cela est dû au fait que le fond, dans la région de l'hélice et dans la partie située en avant, n'est plus le siège d'un matelas d'air, le soufflage vers l'intérieur n'existant pas.This is due to the fact that the bottom, in the region of the propeller and in the part situated in front, is no longer the seat of an air mattress, the blowing inwards does not exist.
En outre, la direction des ajutages présentant une composante dirigée vers l'arrière, le soufflage coopère à l'avancement.
Si le navire a tendance à s'enfoncer, les parties élargies 72 et 73, en s'immergeant, présentent immédiatement une plus grande résistance à l'enfoncement.In addition, the direction of the nozzles having a rearwardly directed component, the blowing cooperates in advancement. If the vessel tends to sink, the widened parts 72 and 73, when immersed, immediately exhibit greater resistance to sinking.
On a trouvé que la réalisation saccadée du soufflage, grâce au dispositif d'obturation périodique, améliorait le rendement. La fréquence utilisée est comprise entre 0,1 et 3 Hz ou entre 10 et 30 Hz.It has been found that the jerky execution of the blowing, thanks to the periodic shutter device, improves the yield. The frequency used is between 0.1 and 3 Hz or between 10 and 30 Hz.
L'invention prévoit encore avantageusement de relier les quilles 53 à des réservoirs de produit de nettoyage pour permettre le carénage en haute mer.The invention also advantageously provides for connecting the pins 53 to reservoirs of cleaning product to allow fairing on the high seas.
De même, au lieu d'être uniformément concave, le fond 52 peut être composé de cannelures concaves.Similarly, instead of being uniformly concave, the bottom 52 can be composed of concave grooves.
Dans toutes les réalisations décrites, le fluide injecté sous la coque peut être autre que de l'air, et comprendre par exemple les gaz d'échappement du moteur, le moteur étant relié aux buses de soufflage par des conduites convenables.In all the embodiments described, the fluid injected under the shell can be other than air, and for example include the engine exhaust gases, the engine being connected to the blowing nozzles by suitable pipes.
De même, le propulseur peut ne pas être une hélice, mais par exemple un dispositif conforme à celui décrit dans le brevet français n° 1 418 806. Un tel dispositif comprend un caisson 74 (figure 18) fixé à la coque et ouvert vers l'avant et vers l'arrière. Une aile planante 75 est articulée sur une tige 76 animée d'un mouvement vertical alternatif. L'inclinaison alternative de l'aile 75 provoque, avec les parois supérieure et inférieure du caisson, un coin d'eau qui fait avancer le navire.Likewise, the propellant may not be a propeller, but for example a device in accordance with that described in French Patent No. 1,418,806. Such a device comprises a box 74 (FIG. 18) fixed to the hull and open towards the forward and backward. A planing wing 75 is articulated on a rod 76 driven by an alternating vertical movement. The alternative inclination of the wing 75 causes, with the upper and lower walls of the box, a wedge of water which advances the ship.
Comme le montrent les vues latérales des figures 1, 4, 10 et 11, le fond concave 8, 12, 42, 52 sensiblement rectiligne et horizontal dans la zone d'injection de gaz, peut ensuite être incurvé vers le haut jusqu'à l'extrémité arrière de la coque. Deux safrans fixes, sensiblement triangulaires et verticaux, dont le bord inférieur prolonge la partie sensiblement rectiligne des arêtes latérales du fond concave jusqu'à l'extrémité arrière de la coque,
définissent avec la partie arrière relevée du fond 8, 12, 42, 52, une sorte de tuyère favorisant avec une efficacité surprenante l'écoulement des gaz sous la coque. De même, le moteur d'actionnement des propulseurs mécaniques n'est pas obligatoirement un moteur thermique, mais pourrait être électrique.As shown in the side views of FIGS. 1, 4, 10 and 11, the concave bottom 8, 12, 42, 52 substantially straight and horizontal in the gas injection zone, can then be curved upwards until the rear end of the hull. Two fixed, substantially triangular and vertical rudders, the lower edge of which extends the substantially straight part of the lateral edges of the concave bottom to the rear end of the hull, define with the rear part raised from the bottom 8, 12, 42, 52, a kind of nozzle promoting with surprising efficiency the flow of gases under the hull. Likewise, the motor for actuating mechanical thrusters is not necessarily a heat engine, but could be electric.
Enfin, la propulsion pourrait s'effectuer par éjection de gaz dans l'eau au moyen d'un ejecteur dirigé vers l'arrière.Finally, the propulsion could be carried out by ejection of gas into the water by means of an ejector directed towards the rear.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples décrits mais couvre toute variante technologique accessible à l'homme de l'art.
Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples described but covers any technological variant accessible to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. Navire à moteur monocoque, comprenant au moins un moteur (2,25 ,26 ,70) pour actionner un propulseur (3,23, 24,63) prenant appui sur l'eau, et des moyens de soufflage (4,13,61) pour injecter un gaz sous au moins la moitié arrière de la coque (8,12,22,32,42,52) du navire, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur est situé en dehors de la partie de la coque sous laquelle on injecte le gaz.1. Vessel with a monohull motor, comprising at least one motor (2.25, 26, 70) for actuating a propellant (3.23, 24.63) bearing on the water, and blowing means (4.13 , 61) for injecting a gas under at least the aft half of the hull (8,12,22,32,42,52) of the ship, characterized in that the propellant is located outside the part of the hull under which we inject the gas.
2. Navire conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur (3,18,23,24,33,43,63) est situé sous la coque du navire, en avant de la partie de la coque sous laquelle on injecte le gaz.2. Ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the propellant (3,18,23,24,33,43,63) is located under the hull of the ship, in front of the part of the hull under which one injects the gas.
3. Navire conforme à la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le fond (8,12,22,32,42,52) du navire est concave vers le bas et comprend au moins une portion de cylindre d'axe parallèle au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire.3. Vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom (8,12,22,32,42,52) of the vessel is concave downward and comprises at least a portion of cylinder with an axis parallel to the plane of longitudinal symmetry of the ship.
4. Navire conforme à la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le fond (8) du navire comprend deux portions de cylindre (8a, 8b) à concavité dirigée vers le bas et sensiblement symétriques par rapport au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire.4. Ship according to claim 3, characterized in that the bottom (8) of the ship comprises two cylinder portions (8a, 8b) with concavity directed downwards and substantially symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship.
5. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux buses (16,17) de soufflage de gaz disposées l'une derrière l'autre dans le fond (12) du navire, et obturables sélectivement.5. Ship according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises two nozzles (16,17) for blowing gas arranged one behind the other in the bottom (12) of the ship, and selectively lockable.
6. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur comprend au moins un ejecteur de gaz dirigé vers l'arrière. 6. Vessel according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the propellant comprises at least one gas ejector directed towards the rear.
7. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur comprend au moins une hélice (3,18,23,24,33,43,63).7. Ship according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the propellant comprises at least one propeller (3,18,23,24,33,43,63).
8. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur comprend au moins un dispositif à aile planante (75) mobile dans un caisson (74) ouvert vers l'avant et vers l'arrière du navire.8. Ship according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the propellant comprises at least one planing wing device (75) movable in a box (74) open forward and aft of the ship.
9. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur (3,18,23,24,43) est orientable. 9. Ship according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the propellant (3,18,23,24,43) is orientable.
10. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un safran (64) situé dans la moitié avant du navire, et en arrière du propulseur (63).10. Ship according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a rudder (64) located in the front half of the ship, and behind the propellant (63).
11. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux dérives (35) disposées obliquement et symétriquement par rapport au plan de symétrie longitudinal du navire, situées dans la moitié avant du navire, en arrière du propulseur (33) et rélevables sélectivement. 11. Vessel according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it comprises two fins (35) arranged obliquely and symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the ship, located in the front half of the ship, aft propellant (33) and selectively liftable.
12. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 7 ou12. Vessel in accordance with one of claims 7 or
8, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur (3,18,23,24,33,43, 74) est réglable verticalement en profondeur.8, characterized in that the propellant (3,18,23,24,33,43, 74) is vertically adjustable in depth.
13. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux propulseurs (23, 24) alignés l'un derrière l'autre suivant l'axe longitudinal du navire.13. Ship according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises two propellants (23, 24) aligned one behind the other along the longitudinal axis of the ship.
14. Navire conforme à la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le propulseur (24) situé à l'arrière est un propulseur de vitesse, le propulseur (23) situé à l'avant étant un propulseur de poussée.14. Vessel according to claim 9, characterized in that the propellant (24) located at the rear is a speed propellant, the propellant (23) located at the front being a thruster.
15. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un pont arrière incliné (47) pour permettre l'abordage d'un skieur nautique.15. Ship according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it comprises an inclined rear deck (47) to allow the boarding of a water skier.
16. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux quilles latérales creuses (53) s'étendant de part et d'autre du fond (52),reliées aux moyens de soufflage (61) et percées de trous16. Vessel according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that it comprises two hollow side pins (53) extending on either side of the bottom (52), connected to the blowing means (61 ) and drilled holes
(54) sur leur paroi faisant face au plan médian longitudinal(54) on their wall facing the longitudinal median plane
(55) du navire. (55) of the ship.
17. Navire conforme à la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les quilles (53) sont également percées de trous (57) sur leurs parois faisant face à l'extérieur du navire.17. Vessel according to claim 16, characterized in that the pins (53) are also pierced with holes (57) on their walls facing the outside of the ship.
18. Navire conforme à la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que les flancs (59) du navire sont inclinés, de bas en haut, vers l'extérieur de ce navire.18. Ship according to claim 17, characterized in that the sides (59) of the ship are inclined, from bottom to top, towards the outside of this ship.
19. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à 18, caractérisé en ce que le fond (52) du navire comporte une buse (64) d'injection de gaz située dans le tiers avant du navire, en arrière du propulseur (63), dirigée vers l'arrière du navire, reliée aux moyens de soufflage (61), et s'étendant entre les deux quilles (53) transversalement au plan de symétrie longitudinal (55) du navire.19. Ship according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the bottom (52) of the ship comprises a gas injection nozzle (64) located in the front third of the ship, behind the propellant (63 ), directed towards the rear of the ship, connected to the blowing means (61), and extending between the two pins (53) transversely to the longitudinal plane of symmetry (55) of the ship.
20. Navire conforme à la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que la buse (62) d'injection de gaz comprend deux lèvres (65,66) s'étendant transversalement au navire, l'une (66) étant mobile par rapport à l'autre (65).20. Vessel according to claim 19, characterized in that the gas injection nozzle (62) comprises two lips (65,66) extending transversely to the vessel, one (66) being movable relative to the other (65).
21. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à 20, caractérisé en ce que les trous (54,57) ménagés dans les quilles creuses (53) sont munis d'ajutages (56,56) dirigés obliquement vers l'arrière du navire.21. Vessel according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the holes (54,57) formed in the hollow keels (53) are provided with nozzles (56,56) directed obliquely towards the rear of the ship.
22. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à 22, caractérisé en ce que, au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison, les flancs (9) du navire et l'étrave présentent des parties (72,73) plus inclinées par rapport à la verticale que les parties situées au-dessous de la ligne de flottaison.22. Ship according to one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that, above the waterline, the sides (9) of the ship and the bow have parts (72,73) more inclined by vertical to the parts below the waterline.
23. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à23. Vessel in accordance with one of claims 16 to
22, caractérisé en ce que les quilles (53a) se prolongent vers l'avant du navire, au-delà de la buse (62), sans com porter dans cette région d'orifices de soufflage dirigésvers l'intérieur.22, characterized in that the pins (53a) extend towards the front of the vessel, beyond the nozzle (62), without comprising in this region of blowing orifices directed towards the interior.
24. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à24. Ship according to one of claims 16 to
23, caractérisé en ce que chaque trou (54,57) des quilles creuses (53) est muni d'un obturateur mobile (68) relié à des moyens moteurs (67,71) pour découvrir ce trou périodiquement. 23, characterized in that each hole (54,57) of the hollow pins (53) is provided with a movable shutter (68) connected to motor means (67,71) for discovering this hole periodically.
25. Navire conforme à la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce que les moyens moteurs des obturateurs mobiles (68) comprennent un moulinet (71) placé dans la quille (53) pour être actionné en rotation par le débit de gaz soufflé 26. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à25. Vessel according to claim 24, characterized in that the motor means of the movable shutters (68) comprise a reel (71) placed in the keel (53) to be actuated in rotation by the flow of blown gas 26. Vessel conforming to one of claims 16 to
25, caractérisé en ce que les quilles (53) peuvent être reliées sélectivement à des réservoirs de produits de nettoyage de la coque.25, characterized in that the pins (53) can be selectively connected to tanks for cleaning the hull.
27. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 26, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de soufflage comprennent une manche à air (4,14).27. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the blowing means comprise an air bag (4,14).
28. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à28. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to
26, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de soufflage comprennent un compresseur d'air (13). 26, characterized in that the blowing means comprise an air compressor (13).
29. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à29. Ship according to one of claims 1 to
26, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de soufflage comprennent une conduite de gaz d'échappement du moteur.26, characterized in that the blowing means comprise an engine exhaust gas line.
30. Navire conforme à l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que, vue latéralement, la partie arrière du fond concave (8, 12, 42, 52) est incurvée vers le haut. 30. Vessel according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that, seen from the side, the rear part of the concave bottom (8, 12, 42, 52) is curved upwards.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR8108768A BR8108768A (en) | 1980-08-29 | 1981-08-14 | MOTORIZED BOAT MONOCASCO |
DK190982A DK190982A (en) | 1980-08-29 | 1982-04-28 | MOTORBOAT WITH SINGLE HULL |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8018759A FR2489241B1 (en) | 1980-08-29 | 1980-08-29 | PROPULSION AND STEERING DEVICE OF A VESSEL |
FR8018759 | 1980-08-29 | ||
FR8106936A FR2503083A2 (en) | 1980-08-29 | 1981-04-07 | PROPULSION AND STEERING DEVICE OF A VESSEL |
FR8106936810407 | 1981-04-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1982000812A1 true WO1982000812A1 (en) | 1982-03-18 |
Family
ID=26221963
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1981/000101 WO1982000812A1 (en) | 1980-08-29 | 1981-08-14 | Monohull motor boat |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0058682A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS57501475A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7530181A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8108768A (en) |
DK (1) | DK190982A (en) |
ES (1) | ES8206329A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2503083A2 (en) |
GR (1) | GR78958B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1143411B (en) |
NO (1) | NO821337L (en) |
OA (1) | OA06880A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1982000812A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1984001338A1 (en) * | 1982-10-06 | 1984-04-12 | Manche Atel Chantiers | Fast boat |
US5083950A (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1992-01-28 | Vosper Thornycroft (Uk) Limited | Apparatus for reducing cavitation erosion |
EP1361151A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-12 | DK Group N.A. N.V. | Air cavity vessel with air deflector |
JP2013216321A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-24 | National Maritime Research Institute | Friction resistance reduction device of ship |
RU2610754C2 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2017-02-15 | Геннадий Алексеевич Павлов | High-speed vessel |
RU2611666C2 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-02-28 | Олег Руманович Ахмеров | Front-drive boat with transverse redan |
RU2676007C2 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-12-25 | Софронов Анатолий Иванович | High-speed hydrating boat |
WO2020058161A1 (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-26 | Frodé Marina Ab | A marine surface vessel comprising an air ventilated hull |
Citations (10)
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---|---|---|---|---|
FR344506A (en) * | 1903-07-03 | 1904-11-07 | Gustave Quanonne | Process for protecting propulsion devices and other devices used on board ships against air used to facilitate propulsion |
FR361374A (en) * | 1905-04-13 | 1906-06-16 | Jules Robert | Improvements to boats |
FR395111A (en) * | 1907-10-10 | 1909-02-11 | Axel Holmstroem | High speed canoe |
FR400869A (en) * | 1909-03-15 | 1909-08-11 | Laurits Emanuel Christensen | Device to reduce friction and adhesion between a boat and the surrounding water |
FR554214A (en) * | 1922-07-20 | 1923-06-07 | Advanced air propulsion device for all ships or boats | |
US3382833A (en) * | 1966-06-08 | 1968-05-14 | Wukowitz Edward | High-speed motorboat hull |
DE1926148A1 (en) * | 1969-05-22 | 1970-12-03 | Weyhausen Kg Maschf H | Flat-bottom boat with increased driving performance without additional energy input to the normal drive |
GB1325986A (en) * | 1972-04-14 | 1973-08-08 | Andersson R B | Reducing losses of effective power pitching rolling and resistance to motion of a propeller driven vessel |
AU4311072A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1974-01-03 | Wojciechowski Stanislaw | The floating vessels driven by compressed air |
GB1460947A (en) * | 1974-04-29 | 1977-01-06 | Czerniak M K E | Displacement ducted craft |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR729708A (en) * | 1932-01-13 | 1932-07-30 | Propulsion process for boats and hydrofoils | |
US2321531A (en) * | 1941-11-22 | 1943-06-08 | Thompson Norman Arthur | Propelling apparatus for watercraft |
GB603407A (en) * | 1945-10-20 | 1948-06-15 | Joel Weissberg | Improvements relating to the propulsion of ships |
US3606857A (en) * | 1968-06-17 | 1971-09-21 | Charles T Sundquist | Marine propulsion systems |
-
1981
- 1981-04-07 FR FR8106936A patent/FR2503083A2/en active Pending
- 1981-08-12 OA OA57473A patent/OA06880A/en unknown
- 1981-08-14 AU AU75301/81A patent/AU7530181A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1981-08-14 BR BR8108768A patent/BR8108768A/en unknown
- 1981-08-14 EP EP81902273A patent/EP0058682A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-08-14 JP JP56502769A patent/JPS57501475A/ja active Pending
- 1981-08-14 WO PCT/FR1981/000101 patent/WO1982000812A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-08-17 IT IT49115/81A patent/IT1143411B/en active
- 1981-08-18 ES ES504812A patent/ES8206329A1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-26 GR GR65870A patent/GR78958B/el unknown
-
1982
- 1982-04-23 NO NO821337A patent/NO821337L/en unknown
- 1982-04-28 DK DK190982A patent/DK190982A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR344506A (en) * | 1903-07-03 | 1904-11-07 | Gustave Quanonne | Process for protecting propulsion devices and other devices used on board ships against air used to facilitate propulsion |
FR361374A (en) * | 1905-04-13 | 1906-06-16 | Jules Robert | Improvements to boats |
FR395111A (en) * | 1907-10-10 | 1909-02-11 | Axel Holmstroem | High speed canoe |
FR400869A (en) * | 1909-03-15 | 1909-08-11 | Laurits Emanuel Christensen | Device to reduce friction and adhesion between a boat and the surrounding water |
FR554214A (en) * | 1922-07-20 | 1923-06-07 | Advanced air propulsion device for all ships or boats | |
US3382833A (en) * | 1966-06-08 | 1968-05-14 | Wukowitz Edward | High-speed motorboat hull |
DE1926148A1 (en) * | 1969-05-22 | 1970-12-03 | Weyhausen Kg Maschf H | Flat-bottom boat with increased driving performance without additional energy input to the normal drive |
GB1325986A (en) * | 1972-04-14 | 1973-08-08 | Andersson R B | Reducing losses of effective power pitching rolling and resistance to motion of a propeller driven vessel |
AU4311072A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1974-01-03 | Wojciechowski Stanislaw | The floating vessels driven by compressed air |
GB1460947A (en) * | 1974-04-29 | 1977-01-06 | Czerniak M K E | Displacement ducted craft |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1984001338A1 (en) * | 1982-10-06 | 1984-04-12 | Manche Atel Chantiers | Fast boat |
EP0105819A1 (en) * | 1982-10-06 | 1984-04-18 | Groupement D'etudes Et De Recherches Navales (G.E.R.N.) | Fast boat |
US5083950A (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1992-01-28 | Vosper Thornycroft (Uk) Limited | Apparatus for reducing cavitation erosion |
EP1361151A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-12 | DK Group N.A. N.V. | Air cavity vessel with air deflector |
WO2003095298A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-20 | Dk Group N.A. N.V. | Vessel with air cavity having an air deflector |
KR101019436B1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2011-03-07 | 디케이 그룹 엔.에이. 엔.브이. | Vessel with a bottom air cavity having an air deflector |
JP2013216321A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-24 | National Maritime Research Institute | Friction resistance reduction device of ship |
RU2610754C2 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2017-02-15 | Геннадий Алексеевич Павлов | High-speed vessel |
RU2611666C2 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-02-28 | Олег Руманович Ахмеров | Front-drive boat with transverse redan |
RU2676007C2 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-12-25 | Софронов Анатолий Иванович | High-speed hydrating boat |
WO2020058161A1 (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-26 | Frodé Marina Ab | A marine surface vessel comprising an air ventilated hull |
US11964732B2 (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2024-04-23 | Frode Marina Ab | Marine surface vessel comprising an air ventilated hull |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR8108768A (en) | 1982-07-06 |
NO821337L (en) | 1982-04-23 |
DK190982A (en) | 1982-04-28 |
OA06880A (en) | 1983-04-30 |
AU7530181A (en) | 1982-04-05 |
JPS57501475A (en) | 1982-08-19 |
GR78958B (en) | 1984-10-02 |
IT8149115A0 (en) | 1981-08-17 |
ES504812A0 (en) | 1982-06-16 |
EP0058682A1 (en) | 1982-09-01 |
FR2503083A2 (en) | 1982-10-08 |
IT1143411B (en) | 1986-10-22 |
ES8206329A1 (en) | 1982-06-16 |
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