WO1981001878A1 - Dispositif generateur de vortex - Google Patents

Dispositif generateur de vortex Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1981001878A1
WO1981001878A1 PCT/US1980/001622 US8001622W WO8101878A1 WO 1981001878 A1 WO1981001878 A1 WO 1981001878A1 US 8001622 W US8001622 W US 8001622W WO 8101878 A1 WO8101878 A1 WO 8101878A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate member
leading
flow
elongation
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1980/001622
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
A Johnson
R Mahany
G Thorne
Original Assignee
J Tec Ass Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/108,066 external-priority patent/US4312236A/en
Priority claimed from US06/108,196 external-priority patent/US4312237A/en
Application filed by J Tec Ass Inc filed Critical J Tec Ass Inc
Priority to AU67057/81A priority Critical patent/AU6705781A/en
Priority to AT80304741T priority patent/ATE7334T1/de
Priority to EP80304741A priority patent/EP0032059B1/fr
Priority to DE8080304741T priority patent/DE3067717D1/de
Publication of WO1981001878A1 publication Critical patent/WO1981001878A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
    • G01F1/32—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters
    • G01F1/3209—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters using Karman vortices
    • G01F1/3218—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters using Karman vortices bluff body design

Definitions

  • VORTEX GENERATING DEVICE BACKGROUND It is well known that a fluctuation flow field composed of vortices is present in the wake of an object located in a relatively moving fluid. That is, if an object is passing through a fluid, or if the fluid is passing an object, a fluctuating flow field is developed which is composed of vortices which are alternately shed from the sides of the object. This fluctuating flow field is more commonly referred to as a Karman vortex street or trail. As is also known, the rate of generation of vortices in the wake of the object is related to the relative velocity between the " object and the fluid stream. Vortex generators heretofore known in the art include objects having circular, triangular, or rectangular cross-sections.
  • vortex generators have a cross-section with a dimension perpendicular to the direction of flow which is sufficiently large or blunt with respect to the other dimension of the cross-section to produce a stable vortex street.
  • a stable vortex street is produced only when the generator creates a prescribed blockage ratio with respect to the channel.
  • some vortex generators currently marketed preferably operate when blocking 30% of the -2- cross-sectional area of a flow channel.
  • a stagnation region develops on an upstream surface of an object immersed in a relatively moving fluid.
  • the stagnation region constitutes a pressure zone near the upstream surface.
  • the size of the stagnation region, and the magnitude of pressure associated therewith, depends on the configuration of the upstream surface. '
  • the stagnation region tends to shift from side-to-side about the upstream surface, thereby creating pressure differentials which, in turn, effect flow-induced pressure gradients occurring downstream along surfaces of the object. Since the point of detachment of vortices from the immersed object and the timing of the detachment is dependent upon these pressure gradients, the magnitude of the pressure differentials associated with the shifting of the stagnation region is significant.
  • the stagnation region created by the relatively blunt upstream surfaces of existing generators precipitate pressure differentials which cause non-uniformity in the detachment of vortices from the generator. Such non- uniformity results in erroneous measurement of the rate of vortex generation.
  • the geometrical configurations of existing vortex generators also produce large, turbulent wakes. The more turbulent the wake the greater the pressure drag exerted on the generator and the fluid.
  • the pressure drag undesirably effects the velocity of the fluid and the vortices generated at a rate .proportional thereto.
  • the turbulence caused by existing vortex generators has detrimental impact upon the flow measurements.
  • ⁇ j _5 indicate no vortices, or "misses", where vortices should have been detected. (Applicants recognize that vortex "stability" is dependent upon. both the strength of formation of the vortices and the sensitivity of the means used for detection of the vortices. As used
  • Stability pertains to the quality of vortices with reference to a given, or constant, detection means. That is, the production of sufficiently well-formed vortices in a sequence indicative of fluid flow.) The instability of the
  • an object of embodiments of the invention hereinafter described is the provision of a device for generating stable vortices.
  • a further advantage associated with the embodiments of the invention is the accurate measurement of the rate of generation of Karman vortices.
  • viscosity causes the fluid velocity to be zero at points along the surface of generator plates used in the preferred embodiments.
  • the fluid velocity approaches a velocity generally characteristic of the fluid stream.
  • a thin layer of fluid known as the boundary-layer, containing large velocity gradients forms over the surface of the immersed plate.
  • the boundary layer initially starts at practically no thickness at a leading edge of the flat plate (defined with refernce to the direction of fluid flow) . Near the leading edge the flow of the boundary layer is essentially laminar.
  • the boundary layer increases in thickness in a downstream direction as the viscous action increases due to increasing plate area.
  • the particular points along the surface of the flat plate where the transition region occurs are related to the Reynold's number.
  • the Reynold's number at any particular point downstream from the leading edge of the plate is dependent upon -5- both the velocity of the fluid and the distance of that point from the leading edge. It has been observed that the transition region occurs for flat plates in a neighborhood approximating a Reynold's number of 10 . Thus, points along the surface of a flat plate having a Reynold's number in this neighborhood will generally b.e in the boundary-layer transition region.
  • the location of the boundary-layer transition region is not necessarily constant. That is, while a given flat plate may have a transition region associated with a first range of surface points for one velocity of fluid flow, the transition region may shift so as to become associated with a second range of surface points for a second velocity of fluid flow. Regardless of where a boundary-layer transition region is located along the flat plate immersed in the stream of fluid flow, however, the transition region is attended by an erratic frictional drag. This frictional drag has a significant and, owing to its erratic nature, a generally unpredictable impact upon the fluid flow velocity in the transition region.
  • another object of embodiments of this invention is to provide a vortex generating device capable of producing a stable vortex street throughout a range of fluid flow velocities of interest for a given environment.
  • Such embodiments advantageously eliminate the occurrence of the boundary-layer transition region at significant locatons along the generating device where they would otherwise occur for the range of fluid flow velocities of interest.
  • a vortex generating device includes a narrow generator plate which is immersed in a fluid flow to generate Karman vortices.
  • the generator plate is oriented with an axis of elongation parallel to the direction of flow of the fluid stream.
  • the generator plate has side surfaces essentially parallel to the direction of fluid flow. The side surfaces have a shedding region therein forming shedding corners at which vortices detach from the generator plate.
  • Various further embodiments separately illustrate differing shapes for a leading edge and the shedding region of the generator plate.
  • a generator member is mounted on a leading edge of the generator plate.
  • the generator member is oriented upstream parallel to the axis of elongation of the generator plate.
  • the side surfaces of the generator plate can be provided with at least one surface disruption, or discontinuity, such as a radiused slot for generating boundary-layer turbulence in the fluid stream in order to eliminate the occurrence of a boundary layer transition region which might otherwise occur.
  • FIGS. IA through IF are side views of vortex generating devices according to various embodiments of the invention.
  • Figs. 2A through 2B are top views of vortex generating devices according to various embodiments of the invention.
  • Fig. 3A is a front view of a ;. vortex generating device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 3B is a front view of the device of Fig. 3A inserted into a flow channel;
  • Figs. 4A and 4B are top and side views, respectively, of one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 5A and 5B are top and front views of a vortex generating device according to an embodiment of the invention wherein a generating device is inserted into a flow channel between a transmitting means and a receiving means mounted in the channel;
  • Figs. 6A and 6B are top and side views, respectively, of a vortex generating device according to an embodiment of the invention having a sensor mounted on a trailing aperture edge; and,
  • Figs. 7A and 7B are top and front views, respectively, of a vortex generating device according to an embodiment of the invention having sensing means mounted on a downstream portion of the device.
  • Fig. 8 is a side view of a vortex generating -8- ⁇ device according to another aspect of the invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 9 taken along the line 9-9;
  • Fig. 10 is a side view of a vortex generating .device according to another aspect of the invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 10 taken along the line 11-11.
  • Figs. IA through IF illustrate vortex generating devices (such as generator plates 10a through lOf) according to various embodiments of the invention.
  • Figs. 2A through 2C in addition to illustrating a top view of further embodiments of the invention (comprising generator plates lOg, lOh, and
  • the generator plate 10 of the invention may be fabricated from any suitable material or combinations of material, including plastic or metal. While the generator plate 10 may be mounted in a free standing aerodynamic configuration, it should also be understood that each embodiment of the invention may also be incorporated into a bounded fluid stream, such as a pipe or the like.
  • each generator plate has a leading edge 16 and a trailing edge 18.
  • the leading edge 16 of plate 10 When projected onto the axis of elongation 12, the leading edge 16 of plate 10 is separated from -9- the trailing edge 18 by a length dimension L.
  • each generator plate 10 also has a width W which is essentially perpendicular to the axis of elongation 12.
  • the generator plate 10 is a narrow, elongated member such that the ratio L:W is preferably in the range of 15:1 to 100:1.
  • a L:W ratio in this range gives the generator device a streamlined shape which reduces the turbulence of the resultant wake and the pressure drop associated therewith.
  • Each generator plate 10 has two side surfaces
  • Figs. 2A, 2B, and 2C each show separate embodiments having different configurations for the leading portions 22 of the side surfaces 20.
  • leading portions 22g of side surfaces 20g are essentially straight lines as viewed from above and intersect the axis of elongation 12 at an angle alpha - preferably in the range from 5° to 30°, thereby forming the leading edge 16g.
  • leading portions 22h of the side surfaces 20h gradually taper inwardly to form the leading edge 16g.
  • leading portion 22i remains substantially parallel to the axis of elongation 12 while leading portion 22i' intersects leading portion 22i at an angle beta V which is preferably in the range from 5° to 30°.
  • a height dimension h which is orthgonal to -10- both the length dimension L and the width dimension W is illustrated for each of the embodiments of Fig. IA through IF.
  • the leading edge 16 of each generator plate. 10 of the invention may have a -leading edge 16 which is essentially straight with respect to the height dimension h or, as illustrated in Fig. IE, may have a leading edge 16e which is curved with respect to the height h.
  • the generator plates 10 of the different embodiments of the invention have a shedding section comprising an aperture 26 which intersects the side surfaces 20 and extend into the plate 10 along the width dimension W.
  • the aperture 26 may be a suitable indentation .on the side surface 20 or the aperture 26 may extend completely through the plate 10.
  • the aperture 26 may. take on numerous geometrical shapes as hereinafter exemplified with . reference to the embodiments of Fig.. IA through ID
  • the aperture 26 of each embodiment has a leading aperture edge 28 and a trailing aperture edge 30 with respect to the direction of flow as indicated by arrow 14.
  • the leading aperture edges 28 intersect the side surfaces 20 of the plate 10 to form shedding corners 32 which are preferably sharp as seen from above in Figs. 2A through 2C.
  • the leading aperture edges 28 are preferably a continuous curve without any sharp discontinuities.
  • the aperture 26 may take on several exemplary geometrical configurations as illustrated in Figs. IA through ID.
  • the embodiment of Fig. IA shows a circular aperture 26a; the embodiment of Fig. IB shows a substantially eliptical aperture 26b having its major axis parallel to the axis of elongation 12; the embodiment of Fig. 1C illustrates a substantially elliptical aperture 26c having a major -11- axis perpendicular to the axis of elongation 12; and, the embodiment of Fig. IB illustrates a substantially
  • Figs. IA through ID show a distance d which is the greatest distance from the leading aperture edge 28 to the trailing aperture edge 30. That is, distance d is the distance from the most upstream portion of edge 28 to the most downstream portion of edge 30.
  • a ratio d:W is preferably in the range of 5:1 to 30:1.
  • the shedding corners 32 effectively extend along the leading aperture edge 28 for:only a portion thereof, such that the effective shedding length of .the leading aperture edge 28 (as projected on the height dimension h) is a length c.
  • length c varies with each embodiment, it is believed that in each embodiment c should be less than the length of the projection of the leading aperture edge 28 on the height dimension h (denoted as b) .
  • a ratio c:W is preferably in the range of 2:1 to 9:1.
  • leading portions 22 have a length a (as projected on the axis of elongation 12) such that the ratio of the length a to the width W (a:W) should pref erably be less than 5 : 1 and more preferably less than 3 : 1 to minimi ze vari ations caused by kinematic viscosity effects (such as changing pressure , temperature , and humidity in the fluid) .
  • any of the embodiments of the invention described herein may be utilized .as a free standing aerodynamical configuration (as illustrated in Fig. 3A) or.may be incorporated into a flow channel (such as a pipe 34 as seen in the front cross-sectional view of Fig. 3B) .
  • a flow channel such as a pipe 34 as seen in the front cross-sectional view of Fig. 3B
  • the generator plate 10 of -Fig. 3B has a channel blockage area equal to the product of its height h times the width W.
  • the generator plate 10 of the various embodiments of the invention may operate while blocking less than 1/5 of the cross-sectional area of the channel 34, and may preferably operate while blocking less " than 1/15 of the channel 34. Yet, the generator plate 10 of the various embodiments of the invention produces reliably stable vortices through a wide range of flow velocities.
  • a trailing portion 24 of the side surfaces 20 tapers inwardly to the trailing edge 18- of the plate 10.
  • the taper may be very gradual as shown with respect to trailing portions 24h of Fig. 2B; or, the trailing portions may be sharp as illustrated by trailing ' portions 24g of Fig. 2A.
  • Figs. 4A and 4B illustrate an additional -13- embodiment of the invention wherein a generator plate lOj has side surfaces 20j spanning a leading edge 16j and a trailing edge 18j.
  • a generator member 36 preferably a wire, is mounted on the leading edge 16j of generator plate lOj so as to extend upstream along the axis of elongation 12.
  • the member 36 is preferably arcuate so as to be attached to leading edge 16j at two points.
  • member 36 may assume various geometrical configurations, including that of a substantially linear segment.
  • the arcuate member 36 and dimple 38 circumscribe an aperture 26j of which the generator member 36 is a leading aperture edge and the dimple 38 is a trailing aperture edge...
  • Figs. 4A and 4B are similar to the embodiments previously described.
  • the dimensional ratios discussed above are applicable to the Fig. 4A and 4B embodiments when considering the length dimension L to extend from the furthermost upstream portion of the generator member 36 to the trailing edge 18j.
  • the leading edges 16j and the trailing edges 18j may be tapered in any of the above- described manners.
  • Figs..5A and 5B illustrate the generator plate 10 positioned in a flow channel ⁇ 4 such that the axis of elongation 12 of generator plate 10 is parallel to the direction of the fluid flow as indicated by arrow 14.
  • Fig. 5B illustrates flow channel 34 having a.circular cross- section, it should be understood that the flow channel 34 may be any appropriate channel.
  • -14- Flow channel 34 of Figs. 5A and 5B has a first channel wall 40 and a second channel wall 42 which are both parallel to the direction of fluid flow and which face each other.
  • a transmitting transducer 44 mounted in the first -channel wall 40; mounted in the second channel wall 42 is a receiving transducer 46.
  • the transducers 44, 46 are mounted on the opposing channel walls such that a signal travelling between the transducers 44, 46 would pass through the aperture 26 of the generator plate 10.
  • the transmitting transducer 44 and the receiving transducer 46 are connected to suitable electrical circuitry for determining the relative velocity between the fluid stream and the generator plate 10.
  • United States Patent 3,680,375 to Joy ' et al. is incorporated herein by reference as an- example of the • suitable electrical circuitry compatible with the embodiments of this invention.
  • Fig. 6A and 6B illustrate a further embodiment of the invention wherein a sensor 48 is mounted on ' the trailing aperture edge 30 of the generator plate 10.
  • the embodiments of Fig. 7A and 7B illustrate the mounting of a sensor 50 ' on a portion of the generator plate 10 between the trailing aperture edge 30 and the trailing edge 18 of the generator plate 10.
  • Fig. 6 and 7 embodiments Various sensor devices may be used for the sensors of the Fig. 6 and 7 embodiments.
  • the sensors 48 and/or 50 may be hot-wire devices or capacitance devices.
  • the generator plates 10 of the Fig. 6 and 7 embodiments are illustrated as positioned within a flow channel 34, it should again be understood that these embodiments may also be free ⁇ standing aerodynamical configurations.
  • the embodiment of Fig. IF comprises a generator plate lOf which may combine one or more of -15- the features of the above-described embodiments.
  • the Fig. IF embodiment has surface discontinuities 52 on each side surface 20f. The feature of surface discontinuities is set forth in United States Patent Application Serial No.
  • Fig. IF illustration depicts the surface discontinuities as holes extending through the width W of plate lOf.
  • each of the generator plates 10 is oriented so that its axis of elongation 12 is parallel to the direction of fluid flow as indicated by arrow 14.
  • the essentially sharp leading edge 16 of the generator plate 10 configured according to either of the Fig. 2A, Fig. 2B, or 2C, embodiments prevents the formation of a sizeable stagnation area on the upstream surface of the plate 10. Hence, the pressure changes associated with the shifting of the stagnation region is ' reduced and the effect thereof on the pressure gradients influencing vortex detachment is minimized.
  • vortices detach from the generator plate 10 at the shedding corners 32 which lie along the leading aperture edge 28 of the aperture 26.
  • the preferably sharp corners 32 of the leading aperture edge 28 permit the formation of well- formed, stable vortices.
  • the vortices detach from the leading aperture edge 28 along a shedding height which, when projected on a plane perpendicular to the side surfaces 20 of the plate 10, has a length c which is preferably less than the height b of the aperture 26. Since the extremities of the leading aperture edge 28 are essentially continuous curves without sharp discontinuities, minimum turbulence is produced at the extremities and vortices are generated only along the portion of the leading aperture edge 28 corresponding to the distance c.
  • the transmitting transducer 44 directs a signal, such as a sonic signal, towards vortices 54 in the vicinity of the aperture 26.
  • the receiving transducer 46 receives a signal modulated by the vortices and uses the signal as an indication of the relative velocit of the fluid in the manner described in the Joy et al. '375 patent.
  • the various embodiments of the invention may be utilized with numerous types of sensors in the manners hereinbefore described, including sensors for measurements of -velocity and/or mass flow.
  • the sensors mounted on the generator plate 10 may be sensors for determining parameters other than the rate of vortex generation.
  • the narrow, elongate shape of the generator plate 10 generally provides a laminar flow in the region near the shedding corners 32.
  • the portion of generator plate 10 extending from the trailing aperture edge 30 to the trailing edge 18 acts to separate the two sides of the vortex street thereby preventing interaction of the vortices following detachment.
  • the trailing portions 24 of the surfaces 20 are tapered to reduce the magnitude of turbulent shedding from the rear of the generator plate 10. This has the practical effect of reducing the pressure drop and eliminating audible noises (such as whistles) which would normally be associated with a blunt termination.
  • the operation of the Fig. 4A and 4B embodiments closely resembles that described above except that the generator member 36 is the furthest upstream portion of the generator plate 10j. Accordingly, the narrow generator element 36 does not produce a sizable stagnation region and promptly sheds vortices, thereby forming a vortex street.
  • sensors may be mounted in a variety of. configurations, including a variation of Fig. 4B wherein generator plate lOj may be mounted in a flow channel (in the manner of the embodiment of Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B) so that a signal may be transmitted through the vortex street in the vicinity of the aperture 26j.
  • the sides " surfaces 20 of the generator plate 10 are provided with at least one surface disruption or surface discontinuity 52.
  • the surface disruption 52 may take various forms, such as a protuberance (that is, a raised or elevatetd portion) or a circular hole
  • the Fig. 8 illustration depicts the surface disruption as a radiused slot in the side surface 20.
  • the radiused slot is formed in side surface 20 so that its greater dimension is parallel to the direction of fluid flow.
  • the radiused slot has a 0.5 inch height dimension and 1.5 inch length dimension relative to an aperture 26 of 1.0 inch diameter.
  • a surface disruption such as a hole or slot may be an indentation in the side surface 20 or may, as illustrated in Fig. 9, extend entirely through the width of the plate 10. Further, the surface disruptions may preferably be arranged symmetrically with respect to the aperture 26.
  • the Fig. 10 device resembles the Figs. 4A and 4B structure. Therein the generator plate 10j also has provided on its side surface 20j at least one surface _0 disruption, or surface discontinuity 52. As with the Fig. 8 device discussed above, the surface disruption 52 may take several forms. In this regard, Fig. 10 also depicts a surface disruption as a radiused slot.
  • a boundary layer develops along 5 side surfaces 20 of the generator plate 10 from the leading edge 16 to the trailing edge 18.
  • the boundary layer would be either laminar, transitional, or turbulent.
  • a wholly laminar or wholly turbulent boundary layer does not deletriously affect the vortex street created by the shedding corners 32 or the generator member 36.
  • the aforedescribed frictional drag has a delitrious and unpredictable impact upon the fluid flow velocity.
  • 3Q plate 10 generate boundary-layer turbulence which eliminates the formation of a boundary-layer transition region and permits the velocity profile of the flow to develop without further disturbances.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Details Of Flowmeters (AREA)

Abstract

Une plaque generatrice etroite (10) est immergee parallelement au sens d'ecoulement d'un courant de fluide (14) pour generer des vortex de Karman (54). Dans un mode de realisation, la plaque generatrice (10) possede une section de deversement ou une ouverture (26) coupe les surfaces laterales (20) de la plaque generatrice (10) en des coins de deversement (32). Un autre mode de realisation comprend un organe generateur (36) monte sur un bord d'attaque (16) d'une plaque generatrice (10). Une modification comprend une rupture en surface (52) pour generer une turbulence de couche-frontiere dans le courant de fluide.
PCT/US1980/001622 1979-12-28 1980-12-05 Dispositif generateur de vortex WO1981001878A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU67057/81A AU6705781A (en) 1979-12-28 1980-12-05 Vortex generating device
AT80304741T ATE7334T1 (de) 1979-12-28 1980-12-29 Wirbelgenerator.
EP80304741A EP0032059B1 (fr) 1979-12-28 1980-12-29 Dispositif générateur de tourbillons
DE8080304741T DE3067717D1 (en) 1979-12-28 1980-12-29 Vortex generating device

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/108,066 US4312236A (en) 1979-12-28 1979-12-28 Vortex generating device
US06/108,196 US4312237A (en) 1979-12-28 1979-12-28 Vortex generating device
US108066 1998-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1981001878A1 true WO1981001878A1 (fr) 1981-07-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1980/001622 WO1981001878A1 (fr) 1979-12-28 1980-12-05 Dispositif generateur de vortex

Country Status (3)

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JP (1) JPS6361604B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3067717D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1981001878A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19740708A1 (de) * 1997-09-16 1999-03-25 Kem Kueppers Elektromech Gmbh Meßwertgeber für Wirbeldurchflußmesser
DE19740707A1 (de) * 1997-09-16 1999-03-25 Kem Kueppers Elektromech Gmbh Meßwertgeber für Wirbeldurchflußmesser

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB823684A (en) * 1954-07-20 1959-11-18 William George Bird Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the measurement and integration of fluid-velocities
US3572117A (en) * 1968-05-27 1971-03-23 Eastech Bluff body flowmeter
US3683691A (en) * 1970-09-18 1972-08-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vortex reaction type fluid flow indicator
US3759096A (en) * 1969-10-27 1973-09-18 American Standard Inc Measuring the velocity of a flowing fluid
US3940986A (en) * 1974-04-30 1976-03-02 Yokogawa Electric Works, Ltd. Flow Velocity measuring device
US3948097A (en) * 1973-08-28 1976-04-06 Yokogawa Electric Works, Ltd. Flow velocity measuring device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB823684A (en) * 1954-07-20 1959-11-18 William George Bird Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the measurement and integration of fluid-velocities
US3572117A (en) * 1968-05-27 1971-03-23 Eastech Bluff body flowmeter
US3759096A (en) * 1969-10-27 1973-09-18 American Standard Inc Measuring the velocity of a flowing fluid
US3683691A (en) * 1970-09-18 1972-08-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vortex reaction type fluid flow indicator
US3948097A (en) * 1973-08-28 1976-04-06 Yokogawa Electric Works, Ltd. Flow velocity measuring device
US3940986A (en) * 1974-04-30 1976-03-02 Yokogawa Electric Works, Ltd. Flow Velocity measuring device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 21, Part 2, issued 1965, P.W. Bearman: "Investigation of the flow behind a two-dimensional model with a blunt trailing edge and fitted with splitter plates" pg. 242 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19740708A1 (de) * 1997-09-16 1999-03-25 Kem Kueppers Elektromech Gmbh Meßwertgeber für Wirbeldurchflußmesser
DE19740707A1 (de) * 1997-09-16 1999-03-25 Kem Kueppers Elektromech Gmbh Meßwertgeber für Wirbeldurchflußmesser
DE19740707C2 (de) * 1997-09-16 1999-12-02 Kem Kueppers Elektromech Gmbh Meßwertgeber für Wirbeldurchflußmesser
DE19740708C2 (de) * 1997-09-16 1999-12-09 Kem Kueppers Elektromech Gmbh Meßwertgeber für Wirbeldurchflußmesser

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JPS6361604B2 (fr) 1988-11-29
DE3067717D1 (en) 1984-06-07
JPS57500440A (fr) 1982-03-11

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